Integrales Triples

Integrales triples
Integrales iteradas
Integrales triples sobre regiones generales
Aplicaciones de las Integrales
Cambio de variables en integrales
Gilberto ARENAS DAZ
Escuela de Matemticas
Universidad Industrial de Santander
Junio de 2011
G A D g a r e n a s d @ u i s . e d u . c o ( U I S ) C l c u l o I I I P r i m e r S e m e s t r e d e 2 0 1 1 1 / 5 1
Integrales triples
Sea 1 una caja rectangular en R
3
1 = (r, j, .) [ a _ r _ /, c _ j _ d, q _ . _ /
y sea
) : 1 R
(r, j, .) )(r, j, .)
una funcin dada.
[a, /] se subdivide en | subintervalos [r
I1
, r
I
]
de ancho r.
[c, d] se subdivide en : subintervalos [j
1
, j
]
de ancho j.
[q, /] se subdivide en : subintervalos [.
|1
, .
|
]
de ancho ..
As, 1 queda dividida en |:: cajitas 1
I|
de
volumen \ = rj.
1
I|
= [r
I1
, r
I
] [j
1
, j
] [.
|1
, .
|
]
Sea (r
I|
, j
I|
, .
I|
) un punto de 1
I|
y formemos la suma triple de Riemann
l
I=1
n
=1
n
|=1
) (r
I|
, j
I|
, .
I|
) \.
Integrales triples
3
1 = (r, j, .) [ a _ r _ /, c _ j _ d, q _ . _ /
y sea
) : 1 R
(r, j, .) )(r, j, .)
una funcin dada.
I1
, r
I
]
de ancho r.
1
, j
]
de ancho j.
|1
, .
|
]
de ancho ..
I|
de
volumen \ = rj.
1
I|
= [r
I1
, r
I
] [j
1
, j
] [.
|1
, .
|
]
Sea (r
I|
, j
I|
, .
I|
) un punto de 1
I|
l
I=1
n
=1
n
|=1
) (r
I|
, j
I|
, .
I|
) \.
Integrales triples
3
1 = (r, j, .) [ a _ r _ /, c _ j _ d, q _ . _ /
y sea
) : 1 R
(r, j, .) )(r, j, .)
una funcin dada.
I1
, r
I
]
de ancho r.
1
, j
]
de ancho j.
|1
, .
|
]
de ancho ..
I|
de
volumen \ = rj.
1
I|
= [r
I1
, r
I
] [j
1
, j
] [.
|1
, .
|
]
Sea (r
I|
, j
I|
, .
I|
) un punto de 1
I|
l
I=1
n
=1
n
|=1
) (r
I|
, j
I|
, .
I|
) \.
Integrales triples
3
1 = (r, j, .) [ a _ r _ /, c _ j _ d, q _ . _ /
y sea
) : 1 R
(r, j, .) )(r, j, .)
una funcin dada.
I1
, r
I
]
de ancho r.
1
, j
]
de ancho j.
|1
, .
|
]
de ancho ..
I|
de
volumen \ = rj.
1
I|
= [r
I1
, r
I
] [j
1
, j
] [.
|1
, .
|
]
Sea (r
I|
, j
I|
, .
I|
) un punto de 1
I|
l
I=1
n
=1
n
|=1
) (r
I|
, j
I|
, .
I|
) \.
Integrales triples
3
1 = (r, j, .) [ a _ r _ /, c _ j _ d, q _ . _ /
y sea
) : 1 R
(r, j, .) )(r, j, .)
una funcin dada.
I1
, r
I
]
de ancho r.
1
, j
]
de ancho j.
|1
, .
|
]
de ancho ..
I|
de
volumen \ = rj.
1
I|
= [r
I1
, r
I
] [j
1
, j
] [.
|1
, .
|
]
Sea (r
I|
, j
I|
, .
I|
) un punto de 1
I|
l
I=1
n
=1
n
|=1
) (r
I|
, j
I|
, .
I|
) \.
Integrales triples
3
1 = (r, j, .) [ a _ r _ /, c _ j _ d, q _ . _ /
y sea
) : 1 R
(r, j, .) )(r, j, .)
una funcin dada.
I1
, r
I
]
de ancho r.
1
, j
]
de ancho j.
|1
, .
|
]
de ancho ..
I|
de
volumen \ = rj.
1
I|
= [r
I1
, r
I
] [j
1
, j
] [.
|1
, .
|
]
Sea (r
I|
, j
I|
, .
I|
) un punto de 1
I|
l
I=1
n
=1
n
|=1
) (r
I|
, j
I|
, .
I|
) \.
Integrales triples
3
1 = (r, j, .) [ a _ r _ /, c _ j _ d, q _ . _ /
y sea
) : 1 R
(r, j, .) )(r, j, .)
una funcin dada.
I1
, r
I
]
de ancho r.
1
, j
]
de ancho j.
|1
, .
|
]
de ancho ..
I|
de
volumen \ = rj.
1
I|
= [r
I1
, r
I
] [j
1
, j
] [.
|1
, .
|
]
Sea (r
I|
, j
I|
, .
I|
) un punto de 1
I|
l
I=1
n
=1
n
|=1
) (r
I|
, j
I|
, .
I|
) \.
La integral triple de ) sobre 1 es
___
1
) (r, j, .) d\ = lm
l,n,n!1
l
I=1
n
=1
n
|=1
) (r
I|
, j
I|
, .
I|
) \
si este lmite existe.
Si ) es continua en 1 el lmite existe, y la integral se calcula de acuerdo con el
Teorema de Fubini
___
1
) (r, j, .) d\ =
_
b
o
_
J
c
_
|
) (r, j, .) d. dj dr
Observe que hay 5 rdenes ms para realizar la integral anterior.
___
1
) (r, j, .) d\=
_
|
..
_
b
o
_
J
c
) (r, j, .)
djdr d.
..
= =
_
|
_
J
c
_
b
o
)(r, j, .) dr dj d..
Esta expresin tambin se conoce como integral iterada.
___
1
) (r, j, .) d\ = lm
l,n,n!1
l
I=1
n
=1
n
|=1
) (r
I|
, j
I|
, .
I|
) \
Teorema de Fubini
___
1
) (r, j, .) d\ =
_
b
o
_
J
c
_
|
) (r, j, .) d. dj dr
___
1
) (r, j, .) d\=
_
|
..
_
b
o
_
J
c
) (r, j, .)
djdr d.
..
= =
_
|
_
J
c
_
b
o
)(r, j, .) dr dj d..
___
1
) (r, j, .) d\ = lm
l,n,n!1
l
I=1
n
=1
n
|=1
) (r
I|
, j
I|
, .
I|
) \
Teorema de Fubini
___
1
) (r, j, .) d\ =
_
b
o
_
J
c
_
|
) (r, j, .) d. dj dr
___
1
) (r, j, .) d\=
_
|
..
_
b
o
_
J
c
) (r, j, .)
djdr d.
..
= =
_
|
_
J
c
_
b
o
)(r, j, .) dr dj d..
___
1
) (r, j, .) d\ = lm
l,n,n!1
l
I=1
n
=1
n
|=1
) (r
I|
, j
I|
, .
I|
) \
Teorema de Fubini
___
1
) (r, j, .) d\ =
_
b
o
_
J
c
_
|
) (r, j, .) d. dj dr
___
1
) (r, j, .) d\=
_
|
..
_
b
o
_
J
c
) (r, j, .)
djdr d.
..
= =
_
|
_
J
c
_
b
o
)(r, j, .) dr dj d..
___
1
) (r, j, .) d\ = lm
l,n,n!1
l
I=1
n
=1
n
|=1
) (r
I|
, j
I|
, .
I|
) \
Teorema de Fubini
___
1
) (r, j, .) d\ =
_
b
o
_
J
c
_
|
) (r, j, .) d. dj dr
___
1
) (r, j, .) d\=
_
|
..
_
b
o
_
J
c
) (r, j, .)
djdr d.
..
= =
_
|
_
J
c
_
b
o
)(r, j, .) dr dj d..
Ejemplo
Calcular
___
J
_
r
2
+ j.
_
d\ , donde
1 = (r, j, .) [ 0 _ r _ 2, 3 _ j _ 0, 1 _ . _ 1 .
___
J
_
r
2
+ j.
_
d\ =
_
2
0
_
0
3
_
1
1
_
r
2
+ j.
_
d. dj dr
=
_
2
0
_
0
3
__
r
2
. + j
.
2
2
__
:=1
:=1
dj dr
=
_
2
0
_
0
3
2r
2
dj dr
=
_
2
0
_
2jr
2
=0
=3
dr
=
_
2
0
6r
2
dr
=
_
2r
3
r=2
r=0
= 16.
Ejemplo
Calcular
___
J
_
r
2
+ j.
_
d\ , donde
1 = (r, j, .) [ 0 _ r _ 2, 3 _ j _ 0, 1 _ . _ 1 .
___
J
_
r
2
+ j.
_
d\
=
_
2
0
_
0
3
_
1
1
_
r
2
+ j.
_
d. dj dr
=
_
2
0
_
0
3
__
r
2
. + j
.
2
2
__
:=1
:=1
dj dr
=
_
2
0
_
0
3
2r
2
dj dr
=
_
2
0
_
2jr
2
=0
=3
dr
=
_
2
0
6r
2
dr
=
_
2r
3
r=2
r=0
= 16.
Ejemplo
Calcular
___
J
_
r
2
+ j.
_
d\ , donde
1 = (r, j, .) [ 0 _ r _ 2, 3 _ j _ 0, 1 _ . _ 1 .
___
J
_
r
2
+ j.
_
d\ =
_
2
0
_
0
3
_
1
1
_
r
2
+ j.
_
d. dj dr
=
_
2
0
_
0
3
__
r
2
. + j
.
2
2
__
:=1
:=1
dj dr
=
_
2
0
_
0
3
2r
2
dj dr
=
_
2
0
_
2jr
2
=0
=3
dr
=
_
2
0
6r
2
dr
=
_
2r
3
r=2
r=0
= 16.
Ejemplo
Calcular
___
J
_
r
2
+ j.
_
d\ , donde
1 = (r, j, .) [ 0 _ r _ 2, 3 _ j _ 0, 1 _ . _ 1 .
___
J
_
r
2
+ j.
_
d\ =
_
2
0
_
0
3
_
1
1
_
r
2
+ j.
_
d. dj dr
=
_
2
0
_
0
3
__
r
2
. + j
.
2
2
__
:=1
:=1
dj dr
=
_
2
0
_
0
3
2r
2
dj dr
=
_
2
0
_
2jr
2
=0
=3
dr
=
_
2
0
6r
2
dr
=
_
2r
3
r=2
r=0
= 16.
Ejemplo
Calcular
___
J
_
r
2
+ j.
_
d\ , donde
1 = (r, j, .) [ 0 _ r _ 2, 3 _ j _ 0, 1 _ . _ 1 .
___
J
_
r
2
+ j.
_
d\ =
_
2
0
_
0
3
_
1
1
_
r
2
+ j.
_
d. dj dr
=
_
2
0
_
0
3
__
r
2
. + j
.
2
2
__
:=1
:=1
dj dr
=
_
2
0
_
0
3
2r
2
dj dr
=
_
2
0
_
2jr
2
=0
=3
dr
=
_
2
0
6r
2
dr
=
_
2r
3
r=2
r=0
= 16.
Ejemplo
Calcular
___
J
_
r
2
+ j.
_
d\ , donde
1 = (r, j, .) [ 0 _ r _ 2, 3 _ j _ 0, 1 _ . _ 1 .
___
J
_
r
2
+ j.
_
d\ =
_
2
0
_
0
3
_
1
1
_
r
2
+ j.
_
d. dj dr
=
_
2
0
_
0
3
__
r
2
. + j
.
2
2
__
:=1
:=1
dj dr
=
_
2
0
_
0
3
2r
2
dj dr
=
_
2
0
_
2jr
2
=0
=3
dr
=
_
2
0
6r
2
dr
=
_
2r
3
r=2
r=0
= 16.
Ejemplo
Calcular
___
J
_
r
2
+ j.
_
d\ , donde
1 = (r, j, .) [ 0 _ r _ 2, 3 _ j _ 0, 1 _ . _ 1 .
___
J
_
r
2
+ j.
_
d\ =
_
2
0
_
0
3
_
1
1
_
r
2
+ j.
_
d. dj dr
=
_
2
0
_
0
3
__
r
2
. + j
.
2
2
__
:=1
:=1
dj dr
=
_
2
0
_
0
3
2r
2
dj dr
=
_
2
0
_
2jr
2
=0
=3
dr
=
_
2
0
6r
2
dr
=
_
2r
3
r=2
r=0
= 16.
Ejemplo
Calcular
___
J
_
r
2
+ j.
_
d\ , donde
1 = (r, j, .) [ 0 _ r _ 2, 3 _ j _ 0, 1 _ . _ 1 .
___
J
_
r
2
+ j.
_
d\ =
_
2
0
_
0
3
_
1
1
_
r
2
+ j.
_
d. dj dr
=
_
2
0
_
0
3
__
r
2
. + j
.
2
2
__
:=1
:=1
dj dr
=
_
2
0
_
0
3
2r
2
dj dr
=
_
2
0
_
2jr
2
=0
=3
dr
=
_
2
0
6r
2
dr
=
_
2r
3
r=2
r=0
= 16.
Integracin triple sobre regiones ms generales
Regin del tipo A. 1 = (r, j, .) [ (r, j) 1, c
1
(r, j) _ . _ c
2
(r, j)
___
J
) (r, j, .) d\ =
__
1
_
_

2
(r,)
1
(r,)
) (r, j, .) d.
_
d.
Si 1 = (r, j) [ a _ r _ /, q
1
(r) _ j _ q
2
(r) entonces
___
J
) (r, j, .) d\ =
_
b
o
_

2
(r)
1
(r)
_

2
(r,)
1
(r,)
) (r, j, .) d. dj dr.
Si 1 = (r, j) [ c _ j _ d, /
1
(j) _ r _ /
2
(j) entonces
___
J
) (r, j, .) d\ =
_
J
c
_
|
2
(r)
|
1
(r)
_

2
(r,)
1
(r,)
) (r, j, .) d. dr dj.
1
(r, j) _ . _ c
2
(r, j)
___
J
) (r, j, .) d\ =
__
1
_
_

2
(r,)
1
(r,)
) (r, j, .) d.
_
d.
Si 1 = (r, j) [ a _ r _ /, q
1
(r) _ j _ q
2
(r) entonces
___
J
) (r, j, .) d\ =
_
b
o
_

2
(r)
1
(r)
_

2
(r,)
1
(r,)
) (r, j, .) d. dj dr.
Si 1 = (r, j) [ c _ j _ d, /
1
(j) _ r _ /
2
(j) entonces
___
J
) (r, j, .) d\ =
_
J
c
_
|
2
(r)
|
1
(r)
_

2
(r,)
1
(r,)
) (r, j, .) d. dr dj.
1
(r, j) _ . _ c
2
(r, j)
___
J
) (r, j, .) d\ =
__
1
_
_

2
(r,)
1
(r,)
) (r, j, .) d.
_
d.
Si 1 = (r, j) [ a _ r _ /, q
1
(r) _ j _ q
2
(r) entonces
___
J
) (r, j, .) d\ =
_
b
o
_

2
(r)
1
(r)
_

2
(r,)
1
(r,)
) (r, j, .) d. dj dr.
Si 1 = (r, j) [ c _ j _ d, /
1
(j) _ r _ /
2
(j) entonces
___
J
) (r, j, .) d\ =
_
J
c
_
|
2
(r)
|
1
(r)
_

2
(r,)
1
(r,)
) (r, j, .) d. dr dj.
1
(r, j) _ . _ c
2
(r, j)
___
J
) (r, j, .) d\ =
__
1
_
_

2
(r,)
1
(r,)
) (r, j, .) d.
_
d.
Si 1 = (r, j) [ a _ r _ /, q
1
(r) _ j _ q
2
(r) entonces
___
J
) (r, j, .) d\ =
_
b
o
_

2
(r)
1
(r)
_

2
(r,)
1
(r,)
) (r, j, .) d. dj dr.
Si 1 = (r, j) [ c _ j _ d, /
1
(j) _ r _ /
2
(j) entonces
___
J
) (r, j, .) d\ =
_
J
c
_
|
2
(r)
|
1
(r)
_

2
(r,)
1
(r,)
) (r, j, .) d. dr dj.
Ejemplo
Calcular
___
J
j d\ , donde 1 est bajo el plano . = r + 2j y encima de la
regin del plano rj acotada por las curvas j = r
2
, j = 0 y r = 1.
1 =
_
(r, j, .) [ 0 _ r _ 1, 0 _ j _ r
2
, 0 _ . _ r + 2j
_
.
___
J
j d\ =
_
1
0
_
r
2
0
_
r+2
0
j d. dj dr
=
_
1
0
_
r
2
0
[j.]
r+2
0
dj dr
=
_
1
0
_
r
2
0
j (r + 2j) dj dr
=
_
1
0
_
r
j
2
2
+
2
3
j
3
_
r
2
0
dr
=
_
1
0
_
1
2
r
5
+
2
3
r
6
_
dr =
_
r
6
12
+
2
21
r
7
_
1
0
=
1
12
+
2
21
=
5
28
.
Ejemplo
Calcular
___
J
2
, j = 0 y r = 1.
1 =
_
(r, j, .) [ 0 _ r _ 1, 0 _ j _ r
2
, 0 _ . _ r + 2j
_
.
___
J
j d\ =
_
1
0
_
r
2
0
_
r+2
0
j d. dj dr
=
_
1
0
_
r
2
0
[j.]
r+2
0
dj dr
=
_
1
0
_
r
2
0
j (r + 2j) dj dr
=
_
1
0
_
r
j
2
2
+
2
3
j
3
_
r
2
0
dr
=
_
1
0
_
1
2
r
5
+
2
3
r
6
_
dr =
_
r
6
12
+
2
21
r
7
_
1
0
=
1
12
+
2
21
=
5
28
.
Ejemplo
Calcular
___
J
2
, j = 0 y r = 1.
1 =
_
(r, j, .) [ 0 _ r _ 1, 0 _ j _ r
2
, 0 _ . _ r + 2j
_
.
___
J
j d\
=
_
1
0
_
r
2
0
_
r+2
0
j d. dj dr
=
_
1
0
_
r
2
0
[j.]
r+2
0
dj dr
=
_
1
0
_
r
2
0
j (r + 2j) dj dr
=
_
1
0
_
r
j
2
2
+
2
3
j
3
_
r
2
0
dr
=
_
1
0
_
1
2
r
5
+
2
3
r
6
_
dr =
_
r
6
12
+
2
21
r
7
_
1
0
=
1
12
+
2
21
=
5
28
.
Ejemplo
Calcular
___
J
2
, j = 0 y r = 1.
1 =
_
(r, j, .) [ 0 _ r _ 1, 0 _ j _ r
2
, 0 _ . _ r + 2j
_
.
___
J
j d\ =
_
1
0
_
r
2
0
_
r+2
0
j d. dj dr
=
_
1
0
_
r
2
0
[j.]
r+2
0
dj dr
=
_
1
0
_
r
2
0
j (r + 2j) dj dr
=
_
1
0
_
r
j
2
2
+
2
3
j
3
_
r
2
0
dr
=
_
1
0
_
1
2
r
5
+
2
3
r
6
_
dr =
_
r
6
12
+
2
21
r
7
_
1
0
=
1
12
+
2
21
=
5
28
.
Ejemplo
Calcular
___
J
2
, j = 0 y r = 1.
1 =
_
(r, j, .) [ 0 _ r _ 1, 0 _ j _ r
2
, 0 _ . _ r + 2j
_
.
___
J
j d\ =
_
1
0
_
r
2
0
_
r+2
0
j d. dj dr
=
_
1
0
_
r
2
0
[j.]
r+2
0
dj dr
=
_
1
0
_
r
2
0
j (r + 2j) dj dr
=
_
1
0
_
r
j
2
2
+
2
3
j
3
_
r
2
0
dr
=
_
1
0
_
1
2
r
5
+
2
3
r
6
_
dr =
_
r
6
12
+
2
21
r
7
_
1
0
=
1
12
+
2
21
=
5
28
.
Ejemplo
Calcular
___
J
2
, j = 0 y r = 1.
1 =
_
(r, j, .) [ 0 _ r _ 1, 0 _ j _ r
2
, 0 _ . _ r + 2j
_
.
___
J
j d\ =
_
1
0
_
r
2
0
_
r+2
0
j d. dj dr
=
_
1
0
_
r
2
0
[j.]
r+2
0
dj dr
=
_
1
0
_
r
2
0
j (r + 2j) dj dr
=
_
1
0
_
r
j
2
2
+
2
3
j
3
_
r
2
0
dr
=
_
1
0
_
1
2
r
5
+
2
3
r
6
_
dr =
_
r
6
12
+
2
21
r
7
_
1
0
=
1
12
+
2
21
=
5
28
.
Ejemplo
Calcular
___
J
2
, j = 0 y r = 1.
1 =
_
(r, j, .) [ 0 _ r _ 1, 0 _ j _ r
2
, 0 _ . _ r + 2j
_
.
___
J
j d\ =
_
1
0
_
r
2
0
_
r+2
0
j d. dj dr
=
_
1
0
_
r
2
0
[j.]
r+2
0
dj dr
=
_
1
0
_
r
2
0
j (r + 2j) dj dr
=
_
1
0
_
r
j
2
2
+
2
3
j
3
_
r
2
0
dr
=
_
1
0
_
1
2
r
5
+
2
3
r
6
_
dr =
_
r
6
12
+
2
21
r
7
_
1
0
=
1
12
+
2
21
=
5
28
.
Ejemplo
Calcular
___
J
2
, j = 0 y r = 1.
1 =
_
(r, j, .) [ 0 _ r _ 1, 0 _ j _ r
2
, 0 _ . _ r + 2j
_
.
___
J
j d\ =
_
1
0
_
r
2
0
_
r+2
0
j d. dj dr
=
_
1
0
_
r
2
0
[j.]
r+2
0
dj dr
=
_
1
0
_
r
2
0
j (r + 2j) dj dr
=
_
1
0
_
r
j
2
2
+
2
3
j
3
_
r
2
0
dr
=
_
1
0
_
1
2
r
5
+
2
3
r
6
_
dr
=
_
r
6
12
+
2
21
r
7
_
1
0
=
1
12
+
2
21
=
5
28
.
Ejemplo
Calcular
___
J
2
, j = 0 y r = 1.
1 =
_
(r, j, .) [ 0 _ r _ 1, 0 _ j _ r
2
, 0 _ . _ r + 2j
_
.
___
J
j d\ =
_
1
0
_
r
2
0
_
r+2
0
j d. dj dr
=
_
1
0
_
r
2
0
[j.]
r+2
0
dj dr
=
_
1
0
_
r
2
0
j (r + 2j) dj dr
=
_
1
0
_
r
j
2
2
+
2
3
j
3
_
r
2
0
dr
=
_
1
0
_
1
2
r
5
+
2
3
r
6
_
dr =
_
r
6
12
+
2
21
r
7
_
1
0
=
1
12
+
2
21
=
5
28
.
Ejemplo
Calcular
___
J
2
, j = 0 y r = 1.
1 =
_
(r, j, .) [ 0 _ r _ 1, 0 _ j _ r
2
, 0 _ . _ r + 2j
_
.
___
J
j d\ =
_
1
0
_
r
2
0
_
r+2
0
j d. dj dr
=
_
1
0
_
r
2
0
[j.]
r+2
0
dj dr
=
_
1
0
_
r
2
0
j (r + 2j) dj dr
=
_
1
0
_
r
j
2
2
+
2
3
j
3
_
r
2
0
dr
=
_
1
0
_
1
2
r
5
+
2
3
r
6
_
dr =
_
r
6
12
+
2
21
r
7
_
1
0
=
1
12
+
2
21
=
5
28
.
Regin del tipo B. 1 = (r, j, .) [ (j, .) 1, c
1
(j, .) _ r _ c
2
(j, .)
___
J
) (r, j, .) d\ =
__
1
_
_
r
2
(,:)
r
1
(,:)
) (r, j, .) dr
_
d.
Si 1 = (j, .) [ c _ j _ d, j
1
(j) _ . _ j
2
(j) entonces
___
J
) (r, j, .) d\ =
_
J
c
_

2
()
1
()
_
r
2
(,:)
r
1
(,:)
) (r, j, .) dr d. dj.
Si 1 = (j, .) [ c _ . _ ,, j
1
(.) _ j _ j
2
(.) entonces
___
J
) (r, j, .) d\ =
_
o
o
_
q
2
(:)
q
1
(:)
_
r
2
(,:)
r
1
(,:)
) (r, j, .) dr dj d..
Cmo queda la integral cuando
1 = (r, j, .) [ (r, .) 1, 0
1
(r, .) _ j _ 0
2
(r, .)?
1
(j, .) _ r _ c
2
(j, .)
___
J
) (r, j, .) d\ =
__
1
_
_
r
2
(,:)
r
1
(,:)
) (r, j, .) dr
_
d.
Si 1 = (j, .) [ c _ j _ d, j
1
(j) _ . _ j
2
(j) entonces
___
J
) (r, j, .) d\ =
_
J
c
_

2
()
1
()
_
r
2
(,:)
r
1
(,:)
) (r, j, .) dr d. dj.
Si 1 = (j, .) [ c _ . _ ,, j
1
(.) _ j _ j
2
(.) entonces
___
J
) (r, j, .) d\ =
_
o
o
_
q
2
(:)
q
1
(:)
_
r
2
(,:)
r
1
(,:)
) (r, j, .) dr dj d..
1 = (r, j, .) [ (r, .) 1, 0
1
(r, .) _ j _ 0
2
(r, .)?
1
(j, .) _ r _ c
2
(j, .)
___
J
) (r, j, .) d\ =
__
1
_
_
r
2
(,:)
r
1
(,:)
) (r, j, .) dr
_
d.
Si 1 = (j, .) [ c _ j _ d, j
1
(j) _ . _ j
2
(j) entonces
___
J
) (r, j, .) d\ =
_
J
c
_

2
()
1
()
_
r
2
(,:)
r
1
(,:)
) (r, j, .) dr d. dj.
Si 1 = (j, .) [ c _ . _ ,, j
1
(.) _ j _ j
2
(.) entonces
___
J
) (r, j, .) d\ =
_
o
o
_
q
2
(:)
q
1
(:)
_
r
2
(,:)
r
1
(,:)
) (r, j, .) dr dj d..
1 = (r, j, .) [ (r, .) 1, 0
1
(r, .) _ j _ 0
2
(r, .)?
1
(j, .) _ r _ c
2
(j, .)
___
J
) (r, j, .) d\ =
__
1
_
_
r
2
(,:)
r
1
(,:)
) (r, j, .) dr
_
d.
Si 1 = (j, .) [ c _ j _ d, j
1
(j) _ . _ j
2
(j) entonces
___
J
) (r, j, .) d\ =
_
J
c
_

2
()
1
()
_
r
2
(,:)
r
1
(,:)
) (r, j, .) dr d. dj.
Si 1 = (j, .) [ c _ . _ ,, j
1
(.) _ j _ j
2
(.) entonces
___
J
) (r, j, .) d\ =
_
o
o
_
q
2
(:)
q
1
(:)
_
r
2
(,:)
r
1
(,:)
) (r, j, .) dr dj d..
1 = (r, j, .) [ (r, .) 1, 0
1
(r, .) _ j _ 0
2
(r, .)?
1
(j, .) _ r _ c
2
(j, .)
___
J
) (r, j, .) d\ =
__
1
_
_
r
2
(,:)
r
1
(,:)
) (r, j, .) dr
_
d.
Si 1 = (j, .) [ c _ j _ d, j
1
(j) _ . _ j
2
(j) entonces
___
J
) (r, j, .) d\ =
_
J
c
_

2
()
1
()
_
r
2
(,:)
r
1
(,:)
) (r, j, .) dr d. dj.
Si 1 = (j, .) [ c _ . _ ,, j
1
(.) _ j _ j
2
(.) entonces
___
J
) (r, j, .) d\ =
_
o
o
_
q
2
(:)
q
1
(:)
_
r
2
(,:)
r
1
(,:)
) (r, j, .) dr dj d..
1 = (r, j, .) [ (r, .) 1, 0
1
(r, .) _ j _ 0
2
(r, .)?
1
(j, .) _ r _ c
2
(j, .)
___
J
) (r, j, .) d\ =
__
1
_
_
r
2
(,:)
r
1
(,:)
) (r, j, .) dr
_
d.
Si 1 = (j, .) [ c _ j _ d, j
1
(j) _ . _ j
2
(j) entonces
___
J
) (r, j, .) d\ =
_
J
c
_

2
()
1
()
_
r
2
(,:)
r
1
(,:)
) (r, j, .) dr d. dj.
Si 1 = (j, .) [ c _ . _ ,, j
1
(.) _ j _ j
2
(.) entonces
___
J
) (r, j, .) d\ =
_
o
o
_
q
2
(:)
q
1
(:)
_
r
2
(,:)
r
1
(,:)
) (r, j, .) dr dj d..
1 = (r, j, .) [ (r, .) 1, 0
1
(r, .) _ j _ 0
2
(r, .)?
Ejemplo
Escriba la integral
1 =
_
1
0
_
1
p
r
_
1
0
) (r, j, .) d. dj dr
como una integral iterada equivalente en los otros 5 rdenes.
1 =
_
1
0
_

2
0
_
1
0
) (r, j, .) d. dr dj
=
_
1
0
_
1
0
_

2
0
) (r, j, .) dr d. dj
=
_ _ _
) (r, j, .) d d d
Ejemplo
Escriba la integral
1 =
_
1
0
_
1
p
r
_
1
0
) (r, j, .) d. dj dr
1 =
_
1
0
_

2
0
_
1
0
) (r, j, .) d. dr dj
=
_
1
0
_
1
0
_

2
0
) (r, j, .) dr d. dj
=
_ _ _
) (r, j, .) d d d
Ejemplo
Escriba la integral
1 =
_
1
0
_
1
p
r
_
1
0
) (r, j, .) d. dj dr
1 =
_
1
0
_

2
0
_
1
0
) (r, j, .) d. dr dj
=
_
1
0
_
1
0
_

2
0
) (r, j, .) dr d. dj
=
_ _ _
) (r, j, .) d d d
Ejemplo
Escriba la integral
1 =
_
1
0
_
1
p
r
_
1
0
) (r, j, .) d. dj dr
1 =
_
1
0
_

2
0
_
1
0
) (r, j, .) d. dr dj
=
_
1
0
_
1
0
_

2
0
) (r, j, .) dr d. dj
=
_ _ _
) (r, j, .) d d d
Ejemplo
Escriba la integral
1 =
_
1
0
_
1
p
r
_
1
0
) (r, j, .) d. dj dr
1 =
_
1
0
_

2
0
_
1
0
) (r, j, .) d. dr dj
=
_
1
0
_
1
0
_

2
0
) (r, j, .) dr d. dj
=
_ _ _
) (r, j, .) d d d
Clculo de volmenes
Si ) (r, j, .) = 1 para (r, j, .) 1, entonces
\ o| (1) =
___
J
d\.
Observe que si 1 es del tipo A entonces
\ o| (1) =
___
J
d\
=
__
1
_
_

2
(r,)
1
(r,)
d.
_
d
=
__
1
[c
2
(r, j) c
1
(r, j)] d
Volumen del slido localizado entre las supercies . = c
1
(r, j) y . = c
2
(r, j).
Clculo de volmenes
\ o| (1) =
___
J
d\.
\ o| (1) =
___
J
d\
=
__
1
_
_

2
(r,)
1
(r,)
d.
_
d
=
__
1
[c
2
(r, j) c
1
(r, j)] d
1
(r, j) y . = c
2
(r, j).
Clculo de volmenes
\ o| (1) =
___
J
d\.
\ o| (1) =
___
J
d\
=
__
1
_
_

2
(r,)
1
(r,)
d.
_
d
=
__
1
[c
2
(r, j) c
1
(r, j)] d
1
(r, j) y . = c
2
(r, j).
Clculo de volmenes
\ o| (1) =
___
J
d\.
\ o| (1) =
___
J
d\
=
__
1
_
_

2
(r,)
1
(r,)
d.
_
d
=
__
1
[c
2
(r, j) c
1
(r, j)] d
1
(r, j) y . = c
2
(r, j).
Clculo de volmenes
\ o| (1) =
___
J
d\.
\ o| (1) =
___
J
d\
=
__
1
_
_

2
(r,)
1
(r,)
d.
_
d
=
__
1
[c
2
(r, j) c
1
(r, j)] d
1
(r, j) y . = c
2
(r, j).
Ejemplo
Hallar el volumen de la regin acotada por las supercies . = r
2
+ 3j
2
y
. = 16 3r
2
j
2
.
Primero miramos donde coinciden las dos ecuaciones
r
2
+ 3j
2
= 16 3r
2
j
2
==r
2
+ j
2
= 4.
\ o| (1) =
___
J
d\ =
__
c
_
_
163r
2
2
r
2
+3
2
d.
_
d
=
__
c
__
16 3r
2
j
2
_
_
r
2
+ 3j
2
_
d
=
__
c
_
16 4
_
r
2
+ j
2
__
d =
_
2t
0
_
2
0
_
16 4r
2
_
r dr d0
=
_
2t
0
_
8r
2
r
4
2
0
d0 =
_
2t
0
16 d0 = [160]
2t
0
= 32.
Ejemplo
2
+ 3j
2
y
. = 9 r
2
. (Propuesto).
G A D g a r e n a s d @ u i s . e d u . c o ( U I S ) C l c u l o I I I P r i m e r S e m e s t r e d e 2 0 1 1 1 0 / 5 1
Ejemplo
2
+ 3j
2
y
. = 16 3r
2
j
2
.
r
2
+ 3j
2
= 16 3r
2
j
2
==r
2
+ j
2
= 4.
\ o| (1) =
___
J
d\ =
__
c
_
_
163r
2
2
r
2
+3
2
d.
_
d
=
__
c
__
16 3r
2
j
2
_
_
r
2
+ 3j
2
_
d
=
__
c
_
16 4
_
r
2
+ j
2
__
d =
_
2t
0
_
2
0
_
16 4r
2
_
r dr d0
=
_
2t
0
_
8r
2
r
4
2
0
d0 =
_
2t
0
16 d0 = [160]
2t
0
= 32.
Ejemplo
2
+ 3j
2
y
. = 9 r
2
. (Propuesto).
Ejemplo
2
+ 3j
2
y
. = 16 3r
2
j
2
.
r
2
+ 3j
2
= 16 3r
2
j
2
==r
2
+ j
2
= 4.
\ o| (1) =
___
J
d\ =
__
c
_
_
163r
2
2
r
2
+3
2
d.
_
d
=
__
c
__
16 3r
2
j
2
_
_
r
2
+ 3j
2
_
d
=
__
c
_
16 4
_
r
2
+ j
2
__
d =
_
2t
0
_
2
0
_
16 4r
2
_
r dr d0
=
_
2t
0
_
8r
2
r
4
2
0
d0 =
_
2t
0
16 d0 = [160]
2t
0
= 32.
Ejemplo
2
+ 3j
2
y
. = 9 r
2
. (Propuesto).
Ejemplo
2
+ 3j
2
y
. = 16 3r
2
j
2
.
r
2
+ 3j
2
= 16 3r
2
j
2
==r
2
+ j
2
= 4.
\ o| (1) =
___
J
d\ =
__
c
_
_
163r
2
2
r
2
+3
2
d.
_
d
=
__
c
__
16 3r
2
j
2
_
_
r
2
+ 3j
2
_
d
=
__
c
_
16 4
_
r
2
+ j
2
__
d =
_
2t
0
_
2
0
_
16 4r
2
_
r dr d0
=
_
2t
0
_
8r
2
r
4
2
0
d0 =
_
2t
0
16 d0 = [160]
2t
0
= 32.
Ejemplo
2
+ 3j
2
y
. = 9 r
2
. (Propuesto).
Ejemplo
2
+ 3j
2
y
. = 16 3r
2
j
2
.
r
2
+ 3j
2
= 16 3r
2
j
2
==r
2
+ j
2
= 4.
\ o| (1) =
___
J
d\
=
__
c
_
_
163r
2
2
r
2
+3
2
d.
_
d
=
__
c
__
16 3r
2
j
2
_
_
r
2
+ 3j
2
_
d
=
__
c
_
16 4
_
r
2
+ j
2
__
d =
_
2t
0
_
2
0
_
16 4r
2
_
r dr d0
=
_
2t
0
_
8r
2
r
4
2
0
d0 =
_
2t
0
16 d0 = [160]
2t
0
= 32.
Ejemplo
2
+ 3j
2
y
. = 9 r
2
. (Propuesto).
Ejemplo
2
+ 3j
2
y
. = 16 3r
2
j
2
.
r
2
+ 3j
2
= 16 3r
2
j
2
==r
2
+ j
2
= 4.
\ o| (1) =
___
J
d\ =
__
c
_
_
163r
2
2
r
2
+3
2
d.
_
d
=
__
c
__
16 3r
2
j
2
_
_
r
2
+ 3j
2
_
d
=
__
c
_
16 4
_
r
2
+ j
2
__
d =
_
2t
0
_
2
0
_
16 4r
2
_
r dr d0
=
_
2t
0
_
8r
2
r
4
2
0
d0 =
_
2t
0
16 d0 = [160]
2t
0
= 32.
Ejemplo
2
+ 3j
2
y
. = 9 r
2
. (Propuesto).
Ejemplo
2
+ 3j
2
y
. = 16 3r
2
j
2
.
r
2
+ 3j
2
= 16 3r
2
j
2
==r
2
+ j
2
= 4.
\ o| (1) =
___
J
d\ =
__
c
_
_
163r
2
2
r
2
+3
2
d.
_
d
=
__
c
__
16 3r
2
j
2
_
_
r
2
+ 3j
2
_
d
=
__
c
_
16 4
_
r
2
+ j
2
__
d =
_
2t
0
_
2
0
_
16 4r
2
_
r dr d0
=
_
2t
0
_
8r
2
r
4
2
0
d0 =
_
2t
0
16 d0 = [160]
2t
0
= 32.
Ejemplo
2
+ 3j
2
y
. = 9 r
2
. (Propuesto).
Ejemplo
2
+ 3j
2
y
. = 16 3r
2
j
2
.
r
2
+ 3j
2
= 16 3r
2
j
2
==r
2
+ j
2
= 4.
\ o| (1) =
___
J
d\ =
__
c
_
_
163r
2
2
r
2
+3
2
d.
_
d
=
__
c
__
16 3r
2
j
2
_
_
r
2
+ 3j
2
_
d
=
__
c
_
16 4
_
r
2
+ j
2
__
d
=
_
2t
0
_
2
0
_
16 4r
2
_
r dr d0
=
_
2t
0
_
8r
2
r
4
2
0
d0 =
_
2t
0
16 d0 = [160]
2t
0
= 32.
Ejemplo
2
+ 3j
2
y
. = 9 r
2
. (Propuesto).
Ejemplo
2
+ 3j
2
y
. = 16 3r
2
j
2
.
r
2
+ 3j
2
= 16 3r
2
j
2
==r
2
+ j
2
= 4.
\ o| (1) =
___
J
d\ =
__
c
_
_
163r
2
2
r
2
+3
2
d.
_
d
=
__
c
__
16 3r
2
j
2
_
_
r
2
+ 3j
2
_
d
=
__
c
_
16 4
_
r
2
+ j
2
__
d =
_
2t
0
_
2
0
_
16 4r
2
_
r dr d0
=
_
2t
0
_
8r
2
r
4
2
0
d0 =
_
2t
0
16 d0 = [160]
2t
0
= 32.
Ejemplo
2
+ 3j
2
y
. = 9 r
2
. (Propuesto).
Ejemplo
2
+ 3j
2
y
. = 16 3r
2
j
2
.
r
2
+ 3j
2
= 16 3r
2
j
2
==r
2
+ j
2
= 4.
\ o| (1) =
___
J
d\ =
__
c
_
_
163r
2
2
r
2
+3
2
d.
_
d
=
__
c
__
16 3r
2
j
2
_
_
r
2
+ 3j
2
_
d
=
__
c
_
16 4
_
r
2
+ j
2
__
d =
_
2t
0
_
2
0
_
16 4r
2
_
r dr d0
=
_
2t
0
_
8r
2
r
4
2
0
d0
=
_
2t
0
16 d0 = [160]
2t
0
= 32.
Ejemplo
2
+ 3j
2
y
. = 9 r
2
. (Propuesto).
Ejemplo
2
+ 3j
2
y
. = 16 3r
2
j
2
.
r
2
+ 3j
2
= 16 3r
2
j
2
==r
2
+ j
2
= 4.
\ o| (1) =
___
J
d\ =
__
c
_
_
163r
2
2
r
2
+3
2
d.
_
d
=
__
c
__
16 3r
2
j
2
_
_
r
2
+ 3j
2
_
d
=
__
c
_
16 4
_
r
2
+ j
2
__
d =
_
2t
0
_
2
0
_
16 4r
2
_
r dr d0
=
_
2t
0
_
8r
2
r
4
2
0
d0 =
_
2t
0
16 d0
= [160]
2t
0
= 32.
Ejemplo
2
+ 3j
2
y
. = 9 r
2
. (Propuesto).
Ejemplo
2
+ 3j
2
y
. = 16 3r
2
j
2
.
r
2
+ 3j
2
= 16 3r
2
j
2
==r
2
+ j
2
= 4.
\ o| (1) =
___
J
d\ =
__
c
_
_
163r
2
2
r
2
+3
2
d.
_
d
=
__
c
__
16 3r
2
j
2
_
_
r
2
+ 3j
2
_
d
=
__
c
_
16 4
_
r
2
+ j
2
__
d =
_
2t
0
_
2
0
_
16 4r
2
_
r dr d0
=
_
2t
0
_
8r
2
r
4
2
0
d0 =
_
2t
0
16 d0 = [160]
2t
0
= 32.
Ejemplo
2
+ 3j
2
y
. = 9 r
2
. (Propuesto).
Ejemplo
2
+ 3j
2
y
. = 16 3r
2
j
2
.
r
2
+ 3j
2
= 16 3r
2
j
2
==r
2
+ j
2
= 4.
\ o| (1) =
___
J
d\ =
__
c
_
_
163r
2
2
r
2
+3
2
d.
_
d
=
__
c
__
16 3r
2
j
2
_
_
r
2
+ 3j
2
_
d
=
__
c
_
16 4
_
r
2
+ j
2
__
d =
_
2t
0
_
2
0
_
16 4r
2
_
r dr d0
=
_
2t
0
_
8r
2
r
4
2
0
d0 =
_
2t
0
16 d0 = [160]
2t
0
= 32.
Ejemplo
2
+ 3j
2
y
. = 9 r
2
. (Propuesto).
Aplicaciones de las integrales triples
Masa. Si j (r, j, .) es la densidad (unidad de masa / unidad de volumen) en
(r, j, .) de un slido que ocupa la regin 1 de R
3
, su masa : es dada de
forma anloga que en el caso de integrales dobles por
: =
___
J
j (r, j, .) d\,
y sus momentos respecto a los tres planos coordenados son
'
:
=
___
J
rj (r, j, .) d\, '
r:
=
___
J
jj (r, j, .) d\ y
'
r
=
___
J
.j (r, j, .) d\,
y el centro de masa es ( r, j, .), donde
r =
'
:
:
, j =
'
r:
:
y . =
'
r
:
.
Si la densidad es constante el centro de masa del slido se llama centroide de
1.
3
: =
___
J
j (r, j, .) d\,
'
:
=
___
J
rj (r, j, .) d\,
'
r:
=
___
J
jj (r, j, .) d\ y
'
r
=
___
J
.j (r, j, .) d\,
r =
'
:
:
, j =
'
r:
:
y . =
'
r
:
.
1.
3
: =
___
J
j (r, j, .) d\,
'
:
=
___
J
rj (r, j, .) d\, '
r:
=
___
J
jj (r, j, .) d\
y
'
r
=
___
J
.j (r, j, .) d\,
r =
'
:
:
, j =
'
r:
:
y . =
'
r
:
.
1.
3
: =
___
J
j (r, j, .) d\,
'
:
=
___
J
rj (r, j, .) d\, '
r:
=
___
J
jj (r, j, .) d\ y
'
r
=
___
J
.j (r, j, .) d\,
r =
'
:
:
, j =
'
r:
:
y . =
'
r
:
.
1.
3
: =
___
J
j (r, j, .) d\,
'
:
=
___
J
rj (r, j, .) d\, '
r:
=
___
J
jj (r, j, .) d\ y
'
r
=
___
J
.j (r, j, .) d\,
y el centro de masa es ( r, j, .),
donde
r =
'
:
:
, j =
'
r:
:
y . =
'
r
:
.
1.
3
: =
___
J
j (r, j, .) d\,
'
:
=
___
J
rj (r, j, .) d\, '
r:
=
___
J
jj (r, j, .) d\ y
'
r
=
___
J
.j (r, j, .) d\,
r =
'
:
:
, j =
'
r:
:
y . =
'
r
:
.
1.
3
: =
___
J
j (r, j, .) d\,
'
:
=
___
J
rj (r, j, .) d\, '
r:
=
___
J
jj (r, j, .) d\ y
'
r
=
___
J
.j (r, j, .) d\,
r =
'
:
:
, j =
'
r:
:
y . =
'
r
:
.
1.
Los momentos de inercia alrededor de los tres ejes coordenados son
I
x
=
___
E
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
(x; y; z) dV;
I
y
=
___
E
_
x
2
+ z
2
_
(x; y; z) dV;
I
z
=
___
E
_
x
2
+ y
2
_
(x; y; z) dV:
La carga elctrica de un slido que ocupa una regin E y tiene densidad de carga
(x; y; z) es
Q =
___
E
(x; y; z) dV:
Ejemplo
Encontrar I
x
para un cubo de densidad constante k y longitud L, si uno de sus
vertices est en el origen y tres de sus aristas se localizan a lo largo de los ejes
coordenados.
I
x
=
___
E
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
k dV = k
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
dx dy dz
= k
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
x
_
L
0
dy dz = kL
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
dy dz
= kL
_
L
0
_
y
3
3
+ z
2
y
_
L
0
dz = kL
_
L
0
_
L
3
3
+ z
2
L
_
dz
= kL
_
L
3
3
z + L
z
3
3
_
L
0
= kL
_
L
4
3
+
L
4
3
_
=
2k
3
L
5
:
I
x
=
___
E
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
(x; y; z) dV; I
y
=
___
E
_
x
2
+ z
2
_
(x; y; z) dV;
I
z
=
___
E
_
x
2
+ y
2
_
(x; y; z) dV:
(x; y; z) es
Q =
___
E
(x; y; z) dV:
Ejemplo
Encontrar I
x
coordenados.
I
x
=
___
E
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
k dV = k
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
dx dy dz
= k
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
x
_
L
0
dy dz = kL
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
dy dz
= kL
_
L
0
_
y
3
3
+ z
2
y
_
L
0
dz = kL
_
L
0
_
L
3
3
+ z
2
L
_
dz
= kL
_
L
3
3
z + L
z
3
3
_
L
0
= kL
_
L
4
3
+
L
4
3
_
=
2k
3
L
5
:
I
x
=
___
E
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
(x; y; z) dV; I
y
=
___
E
_
x
2
+ z
2
_
(x; y; z) dV;
I
z
=
___
E
_
x
2
+ y
2
_
(x; y; z) dV:
(x; y; z) es
Q =
___
E
(x; y; z) dV:
Ejemplo
Encontrar I
x
coordenados.
I
x
=
___
E
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
k dV = k
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
dx dy dz
= k
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
x
_
L
0
dy dz = kL
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
dy dz
= kL
_
L
0
_
y
3
3
+ z
2
y
_
L
0
dz = kL
_
L
0
_
L
3
3
+ z
2
L
_
dz
= kL
_
L
3
3
z + L
z
3
3
_
L
0
= kL
_
L
4
3
+
L
4
3
_
=
2k
3
L
5
:
I
x
=
___
E
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
(x; y; z) dV; I
y
=
___
E
_
x
2
+ z
2
_
(x; y; z) dV;
I
z
=
___
E
_
x
2
+ y
2
_
(x; y; z) dV:
(x; y; z) es
Q =
___
E
(x; y; z) dV:
Ejemplo
Encontrar I
x
coordenados.
I
x
=
___
E
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
k dV = k
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
dx dy dz
= k
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
x
_
L
0
dy dz = kL
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
dy dz
= kL
_
L
0
_
y
3
3
+ z
2
y
_
L
0
dz = kL
_
L
0
_
L
3
3
+ z
2
L
_
dz
= kL
_
L
3
3
z + L
z
3
3
_
L
0
= kL
_
L
4
3
+
L
4
3
_
=
2k
3
L
5
:
I
x
=
___
E
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
(x; y; z) dV; I
y
=
___
E
_
x
2
+ z
2
_
(x; y; z) dV;
I
z
=
___
E
_
x
2
+ y
2
_
(x; y; z) dV:
(x; y; z) es
Q =
___
E
(x; y; z) dV:
Ejemplo
Encontrar I
x
coordenados.
I
x
=
___
E
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
k dV = k
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
dx dy dz
= k
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
x
_
L
0
dy dz = kL
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
dy dz
= kL
_
L
0
_
y
3
3
+ z
2
y
_
L
0
dz = kL
_
L
0
_
L
3
3
+ z
2
L
_
dz
= kL
_
L
3
3
z + L
z
3
3
_
L
0
= kL
_
L
4
3
+
L
4
3
_
=
2k
3
L
5
:
I
x
=
___
E
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
(x; y; z) dV; I
y
=
___
E
_
x
2
+ z
2
_
(x; y; z) dV;
I
z
=
___
E
_
x
2
+ y
2
_
(x; y; z) dV:
(x; y; z) es
Q =
___
E
(x; y; z) dV:
Ejemplo
Encontrar I
x
coordenados.
I
x
=
___
E
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
k dV = k
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
dx dy dz
= k
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
x
_
L
0
dy dz = kL
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
dy dz
= kL
_
L
0
_
y
3
3
+ z
2
y
_
L
0
dz = kL
_
L
0
_
L
3
3
+ z
2
L
_
dz
= kL
_
L
3
3
z + L
z
3
3
_
L
0
= kL
_
L
4
3
+
L
4
3
_
=
2k
3
L
5
:
I
x
=
___
E
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
(x; y; z) dV; I
y
=
___
E
_
x
2
+ z
2
_
(x; y; z) dV;
I
z
=
___
E
_
x
2
+ y
2
_
(x; y; z) dV:
(x; y; z) es
Q =
___
E
(x; y; z) dV:
Ejemplo
Encontrar I
x
coordenados.
I
x
=
___
E
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
k dV
= k
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
dx dy dz
= k
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
x
_
L
0
dy dz = kL
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
dy dz
= kL
_
L
0
_
y
3
3
+ z
2
y
_
L
0
dz = kL
_
L
0
_
L
3
3
+ z
2
L
_
dz
= kL
_
L
3
3
z + L
z
3
3
_
L
0
= kL
_
L
4
3
+
L
4
3
_
=
2k
3
L
5
:
I
x
=
___
E
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
(x; y; z) dV; I
y
=
___
E
_
x
2
+ z
2
_
(x; y; z) dV;
I
z
=
___
E
_
x
2
+ y
2
_
(x; y; z) dV:
(x; y; z) es
Q =
___
E
(x; y; z) dV:
Ejemplo
Encontrar I
x
coordenados.
I
x
=
___
E
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
k dV = k
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
dx dy dz
= k
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
x
_
L
0
dy dz = kL
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
dy dz
= kL
_
L
0
_
y
3
3
+ z
2
y
_
L
0
dz = kL
_
L
0
_
L
3
3
+ z
2
L
_
dz
= kL
_
L
3
3
z + L
z
3
3
_
L
0
= kL
_
L
4
3
+
L
4
3
_
=
2k
3
L
5
:
I
x
=
___
E
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
(x; y; z) dV; I
y
=
___
E
_
x
2
+ z
2
_
(x; y; z) dV;
I
z
=
___
E
_
x
2
+ y
2
_
(x; y; z) dV:
(x; y; z) es
Q =
___
E
(x; y; z) dV:
Ejemplo
Encontrar I
x
coordenados.
I
x
=
___
E
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
k dV = k
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
dx dy dz
= k
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
x
_
L
0
dy dz
= kL
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
dy dz
= kL
_
L
0
_
y
3
3
+ z
2
y
_
L
0
dz = kL
_
L
0
_
L
3
3
+ z
2
L
_
dz
= kL
_
L
3
3
z + L
z
3
3
_
L
0
= kL
_
L
4
3
+
L
4
3
_
=
2k
3
L
5
:
I
x
=
___
E
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
(x; y; z) dV; I
y
=
___
E
_
x
2
+ z
2
_
(x; y; z) dV;
I
z
=
___
E
_
x
2
+ y
2
_
(x; y; z) dV:
(x; y; z) es
Q =
___
E
(x; y; z) dV:
Ejemplo
Encontrar I
x
coordenados.
I
x
=
___
E
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
k dV = k
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
dx dy dz
= k
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
x
_
L
0
dy dz = kL
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
dy dz
= kL
_
L
0
_
y
3
3
+ z
2
y
_
L
0
dz = kL
_
L
0
_
L
3
3
+ z
2
L
_
dz
= kL
_
L
3
3
z + L
z
3
3
_
L
0
= kL
_
L
4
3
+
L
4
3
_
=
2k
3
L
5
:
I
x
=
___
E
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
(x; y; z) dV; I
y
=
___
E
_
x
2
+ z
2
_
(x; y; z) dV;
I
z
=
___
E
_
x
2
+ y
2
_
(x; y; z) dV:
(x; y; z) es
Q =
___
E
(x; y; z) dV:
Ejemplo
Encontrar I
x
coordenados.
I
x
=
___
E
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
k dV = k
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
dx dy dz
= k
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
x
_
L
0
dy dz = kL
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
dy dz
= kL
_
L
0
_
y
3
3
+ z
2
y
_
L
0
dz
= kL
_
L
0
_
L
3
3
+ z
2
L
_
dz
= kL
_
L
3
3
z + L
z
3
3
_
L
0
= kL
_
L
4
3
+
L
4
3
_
=
2k
3
L
5
:
I
x
=
___
E
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
(x; y; z) dV; I
y
=
___
E
_
x
2
+ z
2
_
(x; y; z) dV;
I
z
=
___
E
_
x
2
+ y
2
_
(x; y; z) dV:
(x; y; z) es
Q =
___
E
(x; y; z) dV:
Ejemplo
Encontrar I
x
coordenados.
I
x
=
___
E
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
k dV = k
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
dx dy dz
= k
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
x
_
L
0
dy dz = kL
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
dy dz
= kL
_
L
0
_
y
3
3
+ z
2
y
_
L
0
dz = kL
_
L
0
_
L
3
3
+ z
2
L
_
dz
= kL
_
L
3
3
z + L
z
3
3
_
L
0
= kL
_
L
4
3
+
L
4
3
_
=
2k
3
L
5
:
I
x
=
___
E
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
(x; y; z) dV; I
y
=
___
E
_
x
2
+ z
2
_
(x; y; z) dV;
I
z
=
___
E
_
x
2
+ y
2
_
(x; y; z) dV:
(x; y; z) es
Q =
___
E
(x; y; z) dV:
Ejemplo
Encontrar I
x
coordenados.
I
x
=
___
E
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
k dV = k
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
dx dy dz
= k
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
x
_
L
0
dy dz = kL
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
dy dz
= kL
_
L
0
_
y
3
3
+ z
2
y
_
L
0
dz = kL
_
L
0
_
L
3
3
+ z
2
L
_
dz
= kL
_
L
3
3
z + L
z
3
3
_
L
0
= kL
_
L
4
3
+
L
4
3
_
=
2k
3
L
5
:
I
x
=
___
E
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
(x; y; z) dV; I
y
=
___
E
_
x
2
+ z
2
_
(x; y; z) dV;
I
z
=
___
E
_
x
2
+ y
2
_
(x; y; z) dV:
(x; y; z) es
Q =
___
E
(x; y; z) dV:
Ejemplo
Encontrar I
x
coordenados.
I
x
=
___
E
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
k dV = k
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
dx dy dz
= k
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
x
_
L
0
dy dz = kL
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
dy dz
= kL
_
L
0
_
y
3
3
+ z
2
y
_
L
0
dz = kL
_
L
0
_
L
3
3
+ z
2
L
_
dz
= kL
_
L
3
3
z + L
z
3
3
_
L
0
= kL
_
L
4
3
+
L
4
3
_
=
2k
3
L
5
:
I
x
=
___
E
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
(x; y; z) dV; I
y
=
___
E
_
x
2
+ z
2
_
(x; y; z) dV;
I
z
=
___
E
_
x
2
+ y
2
_
(x; y; z) dV:
(x; y; z) es
Q =
___
E
(x; y; z) dV:
Ejemplo
Encontrar I
x
coordenados.
I
x
=
___
E
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
k dV = k
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
dx dy dz
= k
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
x
_
L
0
dy dz = kL
_
L
0
_
L
0
_
y
2
+ z
2
_
dy dz
= kL
_
L
0
_
y
3
3
+ z
2
y
_
L
0
dz = kL
_
L
0
_
L
3
3
+ z
2
L
_
dz
= kL
_
L
3
3
z + L
z
3
3
_
L
0
= kL
_
L
4
3
+
L
4
3
_
=
2k
3
L
5
:
Ejemplo
Hallar el centro de masa del slido acotado por el cilindro . = 1 j
2
y los
planos r + . = 1, r = 0, . = 0 y tiene densidad constante j (r, j, .) = 4.
: =
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
_
1:
0
4 dr d. dj
=
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
[4r]
r=1:
r=0
d. dj =
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
4 (1 .) d. dj
= 4
_
1
1
_
.
.
2
2
_
:=1
2
:=0
dj = 4
_
1
1
_
_
1 j
2
_
_
1 j
2
_
2
2
_
dj
= 2
_
1
1
_
1 j
4
_
dj = 2
_
j
j
5
5
_
1
1
= 2
__
1
1
5
_
_
1
_
1
5
___
=
16
5
.
Ejemplo
2
y los
: =
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
_
1:
0
4 dr d. dj
=
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
[4r]
r=1:
r=0
d. dj =
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
4 (1 .) d. dj
= 4
_
1
1
_
.
.
2
2
_
:=1
2
:=0
dj = 4
_
1
1
_
_
1 j
2
_
_
1 j
2
_
2
2
_
dj
= 2
_
1
1
_
1 j
4
_
dj = 2
_
j
j
5
5
_
1
1
= 2
__
1
1
5
_
_
1
_
1
5
___
=
16
5
.
Ejemplo
2
y los
: =
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
_
1:
0
4 dr d. dj
=
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
[4r]
r=1:
r=0
d. dj
=
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
4 (1 .) d. dj
= 4
_
1
1
_
.
.
2
2
_
:=1
2
:=0
dj = 4
_
1
1
_
_
1 j
2
_
_
1 j
2
_
2
2
_
dj
= 2
_
1
1
_
1 j
4
_
dj = 2
_
j
j
5
5
_
1
1
= 2
__
1
1
5
_
_
1
_
1
5
___
=
16
5
.
Ejemplo
2
y los
: =
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
_
1:
0
4 dr d. dj
=
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
[4r]
r=1:
r=0
d. dj =
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
4 (1 .) d. dj
= 4
_
1
1
_
.
.
2
2
_
:=1
2
:=0
dj = 4
_
1
1
_
_
1 j
2
_
_
1 j
2
_
2
2
_
dj
= 2
_
1
1
_
1 j
4
_
dj = 2
_
j
j
5
5
_
1
1
= 2
__
1
1
5
_
_
1
_
1
5
___
=
16
5
.
Ejemplo
2
y los
: =
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
_
1:
0
4 dr d. dj
=
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
[4r]
r=1:
r=0
d. dj =
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
4 (1 .) d. dj
= 4
_
1
1
_
.
.
2
2
_
:=1
2
:=0
dj
= 4
_
1
1
_
_
1 j
2
_
_
1 j
2
_
2
2
_
dj
= 2
_
1
1
_
1 j
4
_
dj = 2
_
j
j
5
5
_
1
1
= 2
__
1
1
5
_
_
1
_
1
5
___
=
16
5
.
Ejemplo
2
y los
: =
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
_
1:
0
4 dr d. dj
=
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
[4r]
r=1:
r=0
d. dj =
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
4 (1 .) d. dj
= 4
_
1
1
_
.
.
2
2
_
:=1
2
:=0
dj = 4
_
1
1
_
_
1 j
2
_
_
1 j
2
_
2
2
_
dj
= 2
_
1
1
_
1 j
4
_
dj = 2
_
j
j
5
5
_
1
1
= 2
__
1
1
5
_
_
1
_
1
5
___
=
16
5
.
Ejemplo
2
y los
: =
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
_
1:
0
4 dr d. dj
=
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
[4r]
r=1:
r=0
d. dj =
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
4 (1 .) d. dj
= 4
_
1
1
_
.
.
2
2
_
:=1
2
:=0
dj = 4
_
1
1
_
_
1 j
2
_
_
1 j
2
_
2
2
_
dj
= 2
_
1
1
_
1 j
4
_
dj
= 2
_
j
j
5
5
_
1
1
= 2
__
1
1
5
_
_
1
_
1
5
___
=
16
5
.
Ejemplo
2
y los
: =
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
_
1:
0
4 dr d. dj
=
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
[4r]
r=1:
r=0
d. dj =
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
4 (1 .) d. dj
= 4
_
1
1
_
.
.
2
2
_
:=1
2
:=0
dj = 4
_
1
1
_
_
1 j
2
_
_
1 j
2
_
2
2
_
dj
= 2
_
1
1
_
1 j
4
_
dj = 2
_
j
j
5
5
_
1
1
= 2
__
1
1
5
_
_
1
_
1
5
___
=
16
5
.
Ejemplo
2
y los
: =
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
_
1:
0
4 dr d. dj
=
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
[4r]
r=1:
r=0
d. dj =
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
4 (1 .) d. dj
= 4
_
1
1
_
.
.
2
2
_
:=1
2
:=0
dj = 4
_
1
1
_
_
1 j
2
_
_
1 j
2
_
2
2
_
dj
= 2
_
1
1
_
1 j
4
_
dj = 2
_
j
j
5
5
_
1
1
= 2
__
1
1
5
_
_
1
_
1
5
___
=
16
5
.
Ejemplo
2
y los
: =
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
_
1:
0
4 dr d. dj
=
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
[4r]
r=1:
r=0
d. dj =
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
4 (1 .) d. dj
= 4
_
1
1
_
.
.
2
2
_
:=1
2
:=0
dj = 4
_
1
1
_
_
1 j
2
_
_
1 j
2
_
2
2
_
dj
= 2
_
1
1
_
1 j
4
_
dj = 2
_
j
j
5
5
_
1
1
= 2
__
1
1
5
_
_
1
_
1
5
___
=
16
5
.
Ejemplo
r =
'
:
:
=
5
16
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
_
1:
0
4r dr d. dj =
5
16

8
7
=
5
14
j =
'
r:
:
=
5
16
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
_
1:
0
4j dr d. dj =
5
16
0 = 0
. =
'
r
:
=
5
16
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
_
1:
0
4. dr d. dj =
5
16

32
35
=
2
7
Ejemplo
r =
'
:
:
=
5
16
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
_
1:
0
4r dr d. dj
=
5
16

8
7
=
5
14
j =
'
r:
:
=
5
16
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
_
1:
0
4j dr d. dj =
5
16
0 = 0
. =
'
r
:
=
5
16
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
_
1:
0
4. dr d. dj =
5
16

32
35
=
2
7
Ejemplo
r =
'
:
:
=
5
16
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
_
1:
0
4r dr d. dj =
5
16

8
7
=
5
14
j =
'
r:
:
=
5
16
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
_
1:
0
4j dr d. dj =
5
16
0 = 0
. =
'
r
:
=
5
16
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
_
1:
0
4. dr d. dj =
5
16

32
35
=
2
7
Ejemplo
r =
'
:
:
=
5
16
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
_
1:
0
4r dr d. dj =
5
16

8
7
=
5
14
j =
'
r:
:
=
5
16
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
_
1:
0
4j dr d. dj =
5
16
0 = 0
. =
'
r
:
=
5
16
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
_
1:
0
4. dr d. dj =
5
16

32
35
=
2
7
Ejemplo
r =
'
:
:
=
5
16
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
_
1:
0
4r dr d. dj =
5
16

8
7
=
5
14
j =
'
r:
:
=
5
16
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
_
1:
0
4j dr d. dj
=
5
16
0 = 0
. =
'
r
:
=
5
16
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
_
1:
0
4. dr d. dj =
5
16

32
35
=
2
7
Ejemplo
r =
'
:
:
=
5
16
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
_
1:
0
4r dr d. dj =
5
16

8
7
=
5
14
j =
'
r:
:
=
5
16
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
_
1:
0
4j dr d. dj =
5
16
0 = 0
. =
'
r
:
=
5
16
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
_
1:
0
4. dr d. dj =
5
16

32
35
=
2
7
Ejemplo
r =
'
:
:
=
5
16
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
_
1:
0
4r dr d. dj =
5
16

8
7
=
5
14
j =
'
r:
:
=
5
16
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
_
1:
0
4j dr d. dj =
5
16
0 = 0
. =
'
r
:
=
5
16
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
_
1:
0
4. dr d. dj =
5
16

32
35
=
2
7
Ejemplo
r =
'
:
:
=
5
16
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
_
1:
0
4r dr d. dj =
5
16

8
7
=
5
14
j =
'
r:
:
=
5
16
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
_
1:
0
4j dr d. dj =
5
16
0 = 0
. =
'
r
:
=
5
16
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
_
1:
0
4. dr d. dj
=
5
16

32
35
=
2
7
Ejemplo
r =
'
:
:
=
5
16
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
_
1:
0
4r dr d. dj =
5
16

8
7
=
5
14
j =
'
r:
:
=
5
16
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
_
1:
0
4j dr d. dj =
5
16
0 = 0
. =
'
r
:
=
5
16
_
1
1
_
1
2
0
_
1:
0
4. dr d. dj =
5
16

32
35
=
2
7
Cambio de variables e integrales mltiples
Sustitucin Cambio de variables
_
b
o
) (n(r)) n
0
(r) dr =
_
u(b)
u(o)
) (n) dn
Cambio de variables a coordenadas polares
La regin en el plano r0 corresponde a la regin 1 del plano rj
__
1
) (r, j) d =
__
1
) (r cos 0, r sen0) r dr d0
_
b
o
) (n(r)) n
0
(r) dr =
_
u(b)
u(o)
) (n) dn
__
1
) (r, j) d =
__
1
_
b
o
) (n(r)) n
0
(r) dr =
_
u(b)
u(o)
) (n) dn
__
1
) (r, j) d =
__
1
Ms generalmente, si un cambio de variables est dado por una
transformacin T del plano n en el plano rj, es decir,
T (n, ) = (r, j) = (q (n, ) , /(n, )) ; r = q (n, ) , j = /(n, )
entonces T transforma una regin o del plano n en una 1 del plano rj.
Si (r, j) = T (n, ) , (r, j) se denomina imagen de (n, ) y 1 se denomina
imagen de o (1 = T (o)).
T es 11 si puntos distintos de o tienen imgenes distintas en 1. En este caso
T tiene una transformacin inversa y podemos despejar a n y en trminos de
r y j.
Trabajaremos con transformaciones T tales que T y T
1
son de clase C
1
.
T (n, ) = (r, j) = (q (n, ) , /(n, )) ; r = q (n, ) , j = /(n, )
r y j.
1
son de clase C
1
.
T (n, ) = (r, j) = (q (n, ) , /(n, )) ; r = q (n, ) , j = /(n, )
r y j.
1
son de clase C
1
.
Ejemplo. Encuentre la imagen del tringulo con vertices en (0, 0), (2, 0) y
(0, 2) mediante la transformacin lineal n = j r, = j + r.
_
n = j r
= j + r
==
_
_
_
j = n + r
j = r
==j =
n +
2
_
r = j n
r = j
==r =
n
2
() 0 _ r _ 2, j = 0 ==
_
n = 0 r
= 0 + r
==
_
= n , 2 _ n _ 0
() 0 _ r _ 2, r + j = 2 ==
_
n = (2 r) r
= (2 r) + r
==
_
n = 2 2r
= 2
==
_
2 _ n _ 2
= 2
(o) r = 0, 0 _ j _ 2 ==
_
n = j 0
= j + 0
==
_
= n , 0 _ n _ 2.
_
n = j r
= j + r
==
_
_
_
j = n + r
j = r
==j =
n +
2
_
r = j n
r = j
==r =
n
2
() 0 _ r _ 2, j = 0 ==
_
n = 0 r
= 0 + r
==
_
= n , 2 _ n _ 0
() 0 _ r _ 2, r + j = 2 ==
_
n = (2 r) r
= (2 r) + r
==
_
n = 2 2r
= 2
==
_
2 _ n _ 2
= 2
(o) r = 0, 0 _ j _ 2 ==
_
n = j 0
= j + 0
==
_
= n , 0 _ n _ 2.
_
n = j r
= j + r
==
_
_
_
j = n + r
j = r
==j =
n +
2
_
r = j n
r = j
==r =
n
2
() 0 _ r _ 2, j = 0 ==
_
n = 0 r
= 0 + r
==
_
= n , 2 _ n _ 0
() 0 _ r _ 2, r + j = 2 ==
_
n = (2 r) r
= (2 r) + r
==
_
n = 2 2r
= 2
==
_
2 _ n _ 2
= 2
(o) r = 0, 0 _ j _ 2 ==
_
n = j 0
= j + 0
==
_
= n , 0 _ n _ 2.
_
n = j r
= j + r
==
_
_
_
j = n + r
j = r
==j =
n +
2
_
r = j n
r = j
==r =
n
2
() 0 _ r _ 2, j = 0 ==
_
n = 0 r
= 0 + r
==
_
= n , 2 _ n _ 0
() 0 _ r _ 2, r + j = 2 ==
_
n = (2 r) r
= (2 r) + r
==
_
n = 2 2r
= 2
==
_
2 _ n _ 2
= 2
(o) r = 0, 0 _ j _ 2 ==
_
n = j 0
= j + 0
==
_
= n , 0 _ n _ 2.
_
n = j r
= j + r
==
_
_
_
j = n + r
j = r
==j =
n +
2
_
r = j n
r = j
==r =
n
2
() 0 _ r _ 2, j = 0 ==
_
n = 0 r
= 0 + r
==
_
= n , 2 _ n _ 0
() 0 _ r _ 2, r + j = 2 ==
_
n = (2 r) r
= (2 r) + r
==
_
n = 2 2r
= 2
==
_
2 _ n _ 2
= 2
(o) r = 0, 0 _ j _ 2 ==
_
n = j 0
= j + 0
==
_
= n , 0 _ n _ 2.
Ejemplo. Determine las curvas n y de las transformaciones lineales T cuya
inversa T
1
est dada por n = rj, = r
2
j
2
.
_
rj = n = c
1
r
2
j
2
= = c
2
==
_
j =
c
1
r
r
2
j
2
= c
2
Ejemplo. Las ecuaciones r = n
2
2
, j = 2n denen una transformacin T.
Encuentre T (o) si o = (n, ) [ 0 _ n _ 1, 0 _ _ 1 .
Si 0 _ n _ 1, = 0 entonces r = n
2
, j = 0.
Si n = 0, 0 _ _ 1 entonces r = 1
2
, j = 2,
al reemplazar se obtiene r = 1
1
4
j
2
.
2
1, j = 2n,
al reemplazar se obtiene r =
1
4
j
2
1.
Si n = 0, 0 _ _ 1 entonces r =
2
, j = 0.
inversa T
1
2
j
2
.
_
rj = n = c
1
r
2
j
2
= = c
2
==
_
j =
c
1
r
r
2
j
2
= c
2
2
2
2
, j = 0.
Si n = 0, 0 _ _ 1 entonces r = 1
2
, j = 2,
1
4
j
2
.
2
1, j = 2n,
1
4
j
2
1.
2
, j = 0.
inversa T
1
2
j
2
.
_
rj = n = c
1
r
2
j
2
= = c
2
==
_
j =
c
1
r
r
2
j
2
= c
2
2
2
2
, j = 0.
Si n = 0, 0 _ _ 1 entonces r = 1
2
, j = 2,
1
4
j
2
.
2
1, j = 2n,
1
4
j
2
1.
2
, j = 0.
inversa T
1
2
j
2
.
_
rj = n = c
1
r
2
j
2
= = c
2
==
_
j =
c
1
r
r
2
j
2
= c
2
2
2
2
, j = 0.
Si n = 0, 0 _ _ 1 entonces r = 1
2
, j = 2,
1
4
j
2
.
2
1, j = 2n,
1
4
j
2
1.
2
, j = 0.
inversa T
1
2
j
2
.
_
rj = n = c
1
r
2
j
2
= = c
2
==
_
j =
c
1
r
r
2
j
2
= c
2
2
2
2
, j = 0.
Si n = 0, 0 _ _ 1 entonces r = 1
2
, j = 2,
1
4
j
2
.
2
1, j = 2n,
1
4
j
2
1.
2
, j = 0.
inversa T
1
2
j
2
.
_
rj = n = c
1
r
2
j
2
= = c
2
==
_
j =
c
1
r
r
2
j
2
= c
2
2
2
2
, j = 0.
Si n = 0, 0 _ _ 1 entonces r = 1
2
, j = 2,
1
4
j
2
.
2
1, j = 2n,
1
4
j
2
1.
2
, j = 0.
inversa T
1
2
j
2
.
_
rj = n = c
1
r
2
j
2
= = c
2
==
_
j =
c
1
r
r
2
j
2
= c
2
2
2
2
, j = 0.
Si n = 0, 0 _ _ 1 entonces r = 1
2
, j = 2,
1
4
j
2
.
2
1, j = 2n,
1
4
j
2
1.
2
, j = 0.
inversa T
1
2
j
2
.
_
rj = n = c
1
r
2
j
2
= = c
2
==
_
j =
c
1
r
r
2
j
2
= c
2
2
2
2
, j = 0.
Si n = 0, 0 _ _ 1 entonces r = 1
2
, j = 2,
1
4
j
2
.
2
1, j = 2n,
1
4
j
2
1.
2
, j = 0.
inversa T
1
2
j
2
.
_
rj = n = c
1
r
2
j
2
= = c
2
==
_
j =
c
1
r
r
2
j
2
= c
2
2
2
2
, j = 0.
Si n = 0, 0 _ _ 1 entonces r = 1
2
, j = 2,
1
4
j
2
.
2
1, j = 2n,
1
4
j
2
1.
2
, j = 0.
Deduccin de la frmula de cambio de variable
r
u
=)
u
(n
0
,
0
)î+q
u
(n
0
,
0
) ^ ;;
r
u
=)
u
(n
0
,
0
)î+q
u
(n
0
,
0
) ^ ;;
a=r(n
0
+n,
0
)r(n
0
,
0
) - r
u
(n
0
,
0
)n
/=r(n
0
,
0
+)r(n
0
,
0
) - r
u
(n
0
,
0
)
-
_
_
_a
/
_
_
_ = |(r
u
(n
0
,
0
) n) (r
u
(n
0
,
0
) )|
= |r
u
(n
0
,
0
) r
u
(n
0
,
0
)| n .
r
u
r
u
=
^{ ^ |
^
k
0
u
r 0
u
j 0
0
u
r 0
u
j 0
0
u
r 0
u
j
0
u
r 0
u
j
^
k
r
u
=)
u
(n
0
,
0
)î+q
u
(n
0
,
0
) ^ ;;
r
u
=)
u
(n
0
,
0
)î+q
u
(n
0
,
0
) ^ ;;
a=r(n
0
+n,
0
)r(n
0
,
0
) - r
u
(n
0
,
0
)n
/=r(n
0
,
0
+)r(n
0
,
0
) - r
u
(n
0
,
0
)
-
_
_
_a
/
_
_
_ = |(r
u
(n
0
,
0
) n) (r
u
(n
0
,
0
) )|
= |r
u
(n
0
,
0
) r
u
(n
0
,
0
)| n .
r
u
r
u
=
^{ ^ |
^
k
0
u
r 0
u
j 0
0
u
r 0
u
j 0
0
u
r 0
u
j
0
u
r 0
u
j
^
k
r
u
=)
u
(n
0
,
0
)î+q
u
(n
0
,
0
) ^ ;;
r
u
=)
u
(n
0
,
0
)î+q
u
(n
0
,
0
) ^ ;;
a=r(n
0
+n,
0
)r(n
0
,
0
) - r
u
(n
0
,
0
)n
/=r(n
0
,
0
+)r(n
0
,
0
) - r
u
(n
0
,
0
)
-
_
_
_a
/
_
_
_
= |(r
u
(n
0
,
0
) n) (r
u
(n
0
,
0
) )|
= |r
u
(n
0
,
0
) r
u
(n
0
,
0
)| n .
r
u
r
u
=
^{ ^ |
^
k
0
u
r 0
u
j 0
0
u
r 0
u
j 0
0
u
r 0
u
j
0
u
r 0
u
j
^
k
r
u
=)
u
(n
0
,
0
)î+q
u
(n
0
,
0
) ^ ;;
r
u
=)
u
(n
0
,
0
)î+q
u
(n
0
,
0
) ^ ;;
a=r(n
0
+n,
0
)r(n
0
,
0
) - r
u
(n
0
,
0
)n
/=r(n
0
,
0
+)r(n
0
,
0
) - r
u
(n
0
,
0
)
-
_
_
_a
/
_
_
_ = |(r
u
(n
0
,
0
) n) (r
u
(n
0
,
0
) )|
= |r
u
(n
0
,
0
) r
u
(n
0
,
0
)| n .
r
u
r
u
=
^{ ^ |
^
k
0
u
r 0
u
j 0
0
u
r 0
u
j 0
0
u
r 0
u
j
0
u
r 0
u
j
^
k
r
u
=)
u
(n
0
,
0
)î+q
u
(n
0
,
0
) ^ ;;
r
u
=)
u
(n
0
,
0
)î+q
u
(n
0
,
0
) ^ ;;
a=r(n
0
+n,
0
)r(n
0
,
0
) - r
u
(n
0
,
0
)n
/=r(n
0
,
0
+)r(n
0
,
0
) - r
u
(n
0
,
0
)
-
_
_
_a
/
_
_
_ = |(r
u
(n
0
,
0
) n) (r
u
(n
0
,
0
) )|
= |r
u
(n
0
,
0
) r
u
(n
0
,
0
)| n .
r
u
r
u
=
^{ ^ |
^
k
0
u
r 0
u
j 0
0
u
r 0
u
j 0
0
u
r 0
u
j
0
u
r 0
u
j
^
k
r
u
=)
u
(n
0
,
0
)î+q
u
(n
0
,
0
) ^ ;;
r
u
=)
u
(n
0
,
0
)î+q
u
(n
0
,
0
) ^ ;;
a=r(n
0
+n,
0
)r(n
0
,
0
) - r
u
(n
0
,
0
)n
/=r(n
0
,
0
+)r(n
0
,
0
) - r
u
(n
0
,
0
)
-
_
_
_a
/
_
_
_ = |(r
u
(n
0
,
0
) n) (r
u
(n
0
,
0
) )|
= |r
u
(n
0
,
0
) r
u
(n
0
,
0
)| n .
r
u
r
u
=
^{ ^ |
^
k
0
u
r 0
u
j 0
0
u
r 0
u
j 0
0
u
r 0
u
j
0
u
r 0
u
j
^
k
r
u
=)
u
(n
0
,
0
)î+q
u
(n
0
,
0
) ^ ;;
r
u
=)
u
(n
0
,
0
)î+q
u
(n
0
,
0
) ^ ;;
a=r(n
0
+n,
0
)r(n
0
,
0
) - r
u
(n
0
,
0
)n
/=r(n
0
,
0
+)r(n
0
,
0
) - r
u
(n
0
,
0
)
-
_
_
_a
/
_
_
_ = |(r
u
(n
0
,
0
) n) (r
u
(n
0
,
0
) )|
= |r
u
(n
0
,
0
) r
u
(n
0
,
0
)| n .
r
u
r
u
=
^{ ^ |
^
k
0
u
r 0
u
j 0
0
u
r 0
u
j 0
0
u
r 0
u
j
0
u
r 0
u
j
^
k
Denicin
El jacobiano de la transformacin lineal T dada por r = ) (n, ) e j = q (n, )
es
J (n, ) =
0 (r, j)
0 (n, )
=
0
u
r 0
u
j
0
u
r 0
u
j
.
Observe que [J (r, j)]
1
= J (n, ) .
- [J (n, )[ n
__
1
1 (r, j) d = lm
n,n!1
n
I=0
n
=0
1 (r
I
, j
I
)
= lm
n,n!1
n
I=0
n
=0
1 () (n
I
,
I
) , q (n
I
,
I
)) [J (n, )[ n
=
__
S
1 () (n, ) , q (n, )) [J (n, )[ d dn
Denicin
es
J (n, ) =
0 (r, j)
0 (n, )
=
0
u
r 0
u
j
0
u
r 0
u
j
.
1
= J (n, ) .
- [J (n, )[ n
__
1
1 (r, j) d = lm
n,n!1
n
I=0
n
=0
1 (r
I
, j
I
)
= lm
n,n!1
n
I=0
n
=0
1 () (n
I
,
I
) , q (n
I
,
I
)) [J (n, )[ n
=
__
S
1 () (n, ) , q (n, )) [J (n, )[ d dn
Denicin
es
J (n, ) =
0 (r, j)
0 (n, )
=
0
u
r 0
u
j
0
u
r 0
u
j
.
1
= J (n, ) .
- [J (n, )[ n
__
1
1 (r, j) d = lm
n,n!1
n
I=0
n
=0
1 (r
I
, j
I
)
= lm
n,n!1
n
I=0
n
=0
1 () (n
I
,
I
) , q (n
I
,
I
)) [J (n, )[ n
=
__
S
1 () (n, ) , q (n, )) [J (n, )[ d dn
Denicin
es
J (n, ) =
0 (r, j)
0 (n, )
=
0
u
r 0
u
j
0
u
r 0
u
j
.
1
= J (n, ) .
- [J (n, )[ n
__
1
1 (r, j) d = lm
n,n!1
n
I=0
n
=0
1 (r
I
, j
I
)
= lm
n,n!1
n
I=0
n
=0
1 () (n
I
,
I
) , q (n
I
,
I
)) [J (n, )[ n
=
__
S
1 () (n, ) , q (n, )) [J (n, )[ d dn
Denicin
es
J (n, ) =
0 (r, j)
0 (n, )
=
0
u
r 0
u
j
0
u
r 0
u
j
.
1
= J (n, ) .
- [J (n, )[ n
__
1
1 (r, j) d = lm
n,n!1
n
I=0
n
=0
1 (r
I
, j
I
)
= lm
n,n!1
n
I=0
n
=0
1 () (n
I
,
I
) , q (n
I
,
I
)) [J (n, )[ n
=
__
S
1 () (n, ) , q (n, )) [J (n, )[ d dn
Denicin
es
J (n, ) =
0 (r, j)
0 (n, )
=
0
u
r 0
u
j
0
u
r 0
u
j
.
1
= J (n, ) .
- [J (n, )[ n
__
1
1 (r, j) d = lm
n,n!1
n
I=0
n
=0
1 (r
I
, j
I
)
= lm
n,n!1
n
I=0
n
=0
1 () (n
I
,
I
) , q (n
I
,
I
)) [J (n, )[ n
=
__
S
1 () (n, ) , q (n, )) [J (n, )[ d dn
Teorema
Sea 1 : 1 R
2
R una funcin continua de dos variables r e j denida
sobre R
2
. Sea G : o R
2
R
2
, G(n, ) = (r, j) = () (n, ) , q (n, )) una
funcin que manda de manera inyectiva los puntos (n, ) de o del plano n en
los puntos (r, j) de R
2
del plano rj. Suponga que G es de clase C
1
(o) y que
la derivada G
0
(n, ) = J (n, ) es una matriz invertible para todo (n, ) o.
Entonces se tiene la frmula de cambio de variables en integrales dobles
__
1
1 (r, j) dr dj =
__
S
1 () (n, ) , q (n, )) [J (n, )[ d dn.
Cambio a coordenadas polares
_
r = r cos 0
j = r sen0
==J (r, 0)=
0 (r, j)
0 (r, 0)
=
cos 0 sen0
r sen0 r cos 0
=r
_
cos
2
0+sen
2
0
_
=r
__
1
1 (r, j) dr dj =
__
S
1 (r cos 0, r sen0) [J (r, 0)[ dr d0
=
__
S
1 (r cos 0, r sen0) r dr d0.
Teorema
Sea 1 : 1 R
2
sobre R
2
. Sea G : o R
2
R
2
, G(n, ) = (r, j) = () (n, ) , q (n, )) una
2
1
(o) y que
la derivada G
0
__
1
1 (r, j) dr dj =
__
S
1 () (n, ) , q (n, )) [J (n, )[ d dn.
_
r = r cos 0
j = r sen0
==J (r, 0)=
0 (r, j)
0 (r, 0)
=
cos 0 sen0
r sen0 r cos 0
=r
_
cos
2
0+sen
2
0
_
=r
__
1
1 (r, j) dr dj =
__
S
1 (r cos 0, r sen0) [J (r, 0)[ dr d0
=
__
S
Teorema
Sea 1 : 1 R
2
sobre R
2
. Sea G : o R
2
R
2
, G(n, ) = (r, j) = () (n, ) , q (n, )) una
2
1
(o) y que
la derivada G
0
__
1
1 (r, j) dr dj =
__
S
1 () (n, ) , q (n, )) [J (n, )[ d dn.
_
r = r cos 0
j = r sen0
==J (r, 0)=
0 (r, j)
0 (r, 0)
=
cos 0 sen0
r sen0 r cos 0
=r
_
cos
2
0+sen
2
0
_
=r
__
1
1 (r, j) dr dj =
__
S
1 (r cos 0, r sen0) [J (r, 0)[ dr d0
=
__
S
Teorema
Sea 1 : 1 R
2
sobre R
2
. Sea G : o R
2
R
2
, G(n, ) = (r, j) = () (n, ) , q (n, )) una
2
1
(o) y que
la derivada G
0
__
1
1 (r, j) dr dj =
__
S
1 () (n, ) , q (n, )) [J (n, )[ d dn.
_
r = r cos 0
j = r sen0
==J (r, 0)=
0 (r, j)
0 (r, 0)
=
cos 0 sen0
r sen0 r cos 0
=r
_
cos
2
0+sen
2
0
_
=r
__
1
1 (r, j) dr dj =
__
S
1 (r cos 0, r sen0) [J (r, 0)[ dr d0
=
__
S
Teorema
Sea 1 : 1 R
2
sobre R
2
. Sea G : o R
2
R
2
, G(n, ) = (r, j) = () (n, ) , q (n, )) una
2
1
(o) y que
la derivada G
0
__
1
1 (r, j) dr dj =
__
S
1 () (n, ) , q (n, )) [J (n, )[ d dn.
_
r = r cos 0
j = r sen0
==J (r, 0)=
0 (r, j)
0 (r, 0)
=
cos 0 sen0
r sen0 r cos 0
=r
_
cos
2
0+sen
2
0
_
=r
__
1
1 (r, j) dr dj =
__
S
1 (r cos 0, r sen0) [J (r, 0)[ dr d0
=
__
S
Teorema
Sea 1 : 1 R
2
sobre R
2
. Sea G : o R
2
R
2
, G(n, ) = (r, j) = () (n, ) , q (n, )) una
2
1
(o) y que
la derivada G
0
__
1
1 (r, j) dr dj =
__
S
1 () (n, ) , q (n, )) [J (n, )[ d dn.
_
r = r cos 0
j = r sen0
==J (r, 0)=
0 (r, j)
0 (r, 0)
=
cos 0 sen0
r sen0 r cos 0
=r
_
cos
2
0+sen
2
0
_
=r
__
1
1 (r, j) dr dj
=
__
S
1 (r cos 0, r sen0) [J (r, 0)[ dr d0
=
__
S
Teorema
Sea 1 : 1 R
2
sobre R
2
. Sea G : o R
2
R
2
, G(n, ) = (r, j) = () (n, ) , q (n, )) una
2
1
(o) y que
la derivada G
0
__
1
1 (r, j) dr dj =
__
S
1 () (n, ) , q (n, )) [J (n, )[ d dn.
_
r = r cos 0
j = r sen0
==J (r, 0)=
0 (r, j)
0 (r, 0)
=
cos 0 sen0
r sen0 r cos 0
=r
_
cos
2
0+sen
2
0
_
=r
__
1
1 (r, j) dr dj =
__
S
1 (r cos 0, r sen0) [J (r, 0)[ dr d0
=
__
S
Teorema
Sea 1 : 1 R
2
sobre R
2
. Sea G : o R
2
R
2
, G(n, ) = (r, j) = () (n, ) , q (n, )) una
2
1
(o) y que
la derivada G
0
__
1
1 (r, j) dr dj =
__
S
1 () (n, ) , q (n, )) [J (n, )[ d dn.
_
r = r cos 0
j = r sen0
==J (r, 0)=
0 (r, j)
0 (r, 0)
=
cos 0 sen0
r sen0 r cos 0
=r
_
cos
2
0+sen
2
0
_
=r
__
1
1 (r, j) dr dj =
__
S
1 (r cos 0, r sen0) [J (r, 0)[ dr d0
=
__
S
Ejemplo. Calcular
__
1
(r + j + 1) d, donde 1 es la regin acotada por las
rectas j r = 1, j r = 1, j + r = 1 e j + r = 2.(Cuadriltero
1C1, (0, 1) , 1 (1, 0) , C (3,3, 1,2) , 1(1,2, 3,2)).
_
n = j r
= j + r
==
_
_
_
r =
n
2
j =
n +
2
J (r, j) =
1 1
1 1
= 2;
J (n, ) =
1,2 1,2
1,2 1,2
=
1
2
.
__
1
(r + j + 1) d =
_
1
1
_
2
1
( + 1)
_
1
2
_
d dn
=
1
2
_
1
1
_
2
2
+
_
2
1
dn =
1
2
_
1
1
5
2
dn =
5
4
n
_
1
1
=
5
2
.
Ejemplo. Calcular
__
1
1C1, (0, 1) , 1 (1, 0) , C (3,3, 1,2) , 1(1,2, 3,2)).
_
n = j r
= j + r
==
_
_
_
r =
n
2
j =
n +
2
J (r, j) =
1 1
1 1
= 2;
J (n, ) =
1,2 1,2
1,2 1,2
=
1
2
.
__
1
(r + j + 1) d =
_
1
1
_
2
1
( + 1)
_
1
2
_
d dn
=
1
2
_
1
1
_
2
2
+
_
2
1
dn =
1
2
_
1
1
5
2
dn =
5
4
n
_
1
1
=
5
2
.
Ejemplo. Calcular
__
1
1C1, (0, 1) , 1 (1, 0) , C (3,3, 1,2) , 1(1,2, 3,2)).
_
n = j r
= j + r
==
_
_
_
r =
n
2
j =
n +
2
J (r, j) =
1 1
1 1
= 2;
J (n, ) =
1,2 1,2
1,2 1,2
=
1
2
.
__
1
(r + j + 1) d =
_
1
1
_
2
1
( + 1)
_
1
2
_
d dn
=
1
2
_
1
1
_
2
2
+
_
2
1
dn =
1
2
_
1
1
5
2
dn =
5
4
n
_
1
1
=
5
2
.
Ejemplo. Calcular
__
1
1C1, (0, 1) , 1 (1, 0) , C (3,3, 1,2) , 1(1,2, 3,2)).
_
n = j r
= j + r
==
_
_
_
r =
n
2
j =
n +
2
J (r, j) =
1 1
1 1
= 2;
J (n, ) =
1,2 1,2
1,2 1,2
=
1
2
.
__
1
(r + j + 1) d =
_
1
1
_
2
1
( + 1)
_
1
2
_
d dn
=
1
2
_
1
1
_
2
2
+
_
2
1
dn =
1
2
_
1
1
5
2
dn =
5
4
n
_
1
1
=
5
2
.
Ejemplo. Calcular
__
1
1C1, (0, 1) , 1 (1, 0) , C (3,3, 1,2) , 1(1,2, 3,2)).
_
n = j r
= j + r
==
_
_
_
r =
n
2
j =
n +
2
J (r, j) =
1 1
1 1
= 2;
J (n, ) =
1,2 1,2
1,2 1,2
=
1
2
.
__
1
(r + j + 1) d
=
_
1
1
_
2
1
( + 1)
_
1
2
_
d dn
=
1
2
_
1
1
_
2
2
+
_
2
1
dn =
1
2
_
1
1
5
2
dn =
5
4
n
_
1
1
=
5
2
.
Ejemplo. Calcular
__
1
1C1, (0, 1) , 1 (1, 0) , C (3,3, 1,2) , 1(1,2, 3,2)).
_
n = j r
= j + r
==
_
_
_
r =
n
2
j =
n +
2
J (r, j) =
1 1
1 1
= 2;
J (n, ) =
1,2 1,2
1,2 1,2
=
1
2
.
__
1
(r + j + 1) d =
_
1
1
_
2
1
( + 1)
_
1
2
_
d dn
=
1
2
_
1
1
_
2
2
+
_
2
1
dn =
1
2
_
1
1
5
2
dn =
5
4
n
_
1
1
=
5
2
.
Ejemplo. Calcular
__
1
1C1, (0, 1) , 1 (1, 0) , C (3,3, 1,2) , 1(1,2, 3,2)).
_
n = j r
= j + r
==
_
_
_
r =
n
2
j =
n +
2
J (r, j) =
1 1
1 1
= 2;
J (n, ) =
1,2 1,2
1,2 1,2
=
1
2
.
__
1
(r + j + 1) d =
_
1
1
_
2
1
( + 1)
_
1
2
_
d dn
=
1
2
_
1
1
_
2
2
+
_
2
1
dn
=
1
2
_
1
1
5
2
dn =
5
4
n
_
1
1
=
5
2
.
Ejemplo. Calcular
__
1
1C1, (0, 1) , 1 (1, 0) , C (3,3, 1,2) , 1(1,2, 3,2)).
_
n = j r
= j + r
==
_
_
_
r =
n
2
j =
n +
2
J (r, j) =
1 1
1 1
= 2;
J (n, ) =
1,2 1,2
1,2 1,2
=
1
2
.
__
1
(r + j + 1) d =
_
1
1
_
2
1
( + 1)
_
1
2
_
d dn
=
1
2
_
1
1
_
2
2
+
_
2
1
dn =
1
2
_
1
1
5
2
dn
=
5
4
n
_
1
1
=
5
2
.
Ejemplo. Calcular
__
1
1C1, (0, 1) , 1 (1, 0) , C (3,3, 1,2) , 1(1,2, 3,2)).
_
n = j r
= j + r
==
_
_
_
r =
n
2
j =
n +
2
J (r, j) =
1 1
1 1
= 2;
J (n, ) =
1,2 1,2
1,2 1,2
=
1
2
.
__
1
(r + j + 1) d =
_
1
1
_
2
1
( + 1)
_
1
2
_
d dn
=
1
2
_
1
1
_
2
2
+
_
2
1
dn =
1
2
_
1
1
5
2
dn =
5
4
n
_
1
1
=
5
2
.
Ejemplo. Calcular
__
1
1C1, (0, 1) , 1 (1, 0) , C (3,3, 1,2) , 1(1,2, 3,2)).
_
n = j r
= j + r
==
_
_
_
r =
n
2
j =
n +
2
J (r, j) =
1 1
1 1
= 2;
J (n, ) =
1,2 1,2
1,2 1,2
=
1
2
.
__
1
(r + j + 1) d =
_
1
1
_
2
1
( + 1)
_
1
2
_
d dn
=
1
2
_
1
1
_
2
2
+
_
2
1
dn =
1
2
_
1
1
5
2
dn =
5
4
n
_
1
1
=
5
2
.
Ejemplo. Calcule
__
1
r
2
j
2
d, donde 1 es la regin acotada por rj = 2,
rj = 1, r = 2j y 3r = j.
_
n = rj
= r,j
J (r, j) =
j 1,j
r r,j
2
= 2
r
j
= 2
J (n, ) =
1
2
__
1
r
2
j
2
d =
_
2
1
_
2
1/3
n
2
_
1
2
_
d dn
=
1
2
_
2
1
n
2
_
ln
2
1/3
dn =
1
2
[ln2 ln(1,3)]
_
n
3
3
_
2
1
=
7
6
ln6.
Ejemplo. Calcule
__
1
r
2
j
2
rj = 1, r = 2j y 3r = j.
_
n = rj
= r,j
J (r, j) =
j 1,j
r r,j
2
= 2
r
j
= 2
J (n, ) =
1
2
__
1
r
2
j
2
d =
_
2
1
_
2
1/3
n
2
_
1
2
_
d dn
=
1
2
_
2
1
n
2
_
ln
2
1/3
dn =
1
2
[ln2 ln(1,3)]
_
n
3
3
_
2
1
=
7
6
ln6.
Ejemplo. Calcule
__
1
r
2
j
2
rj = 1, r = 2j y 3r = j.
_
n = rj
= r,j
J (r, j) =
j 1,j
r r,j
2
= 2
r
j
= 2
J (n, ) =
1
2
__
1
r
2
j
2
d =
_
2
1
_
2
1/3
n
2
_
1
2
_
d dn
=
1
2
_
2
1
n
2
_
ln
2
1/3
dn =
1
2
[ln2 ln(1,3)]
_
n
3
3
_
2
1
=
7
6
ln6.
Ejemplo. Calcule
__
1
r
2
j
2
rj = 1, r = 2j y 3r = j.
_
n = rj
= r,j
J (r, j) =
j 1,j
r r,j
2
= 2
r
j
= 2
J (n, ) =
1
2
__
1
r
2
j
2
d =
_
2
1
_
2
1/3
n
2
_
1
2
_
d dn
=
1
2
_
2
1
n
2
_
ln
2
1/3
dn =
1
2
[ln2 ln(1,3)]
_
n
3
3
_
2
1
=
7
6
ln6.
Ejemplo. Calcule
__
1
r
2
j
2
rj = 1, r = 2j y 3r = j.
_
n = rj
= r,j
J (r, j) =
j 1,j
r r,j
2
= 2
r
j
= 2
J (n, ) =
1
2
__
1
r
2
j
2
d =
_
2
1
_
2
1/3
n
2
_
1
2
_
d dn
=
1
2
_
2
1
n
2
_
ln
2
1/3
dn =
1
2
[ln2 ln(1,3)]
_
n
3
3
_
2
1
=
7
6
ln6.
Ejemplo. Calcule
__
1
r
2
j
2
rj = 1, r = 2j y 3r = j.
_
n = rj
= r,j
J (r, j) =
j 1,j
r r,j
2
= 2
r
j
= 2
J (n, ) =
1
2
__
1
r
2
j
2
d =
_
2
1
_
2
1/3
n
2
_
1
2
_
d dn
=
1
2
_
2
1
n
2
_
ln
2
1/3
dn =
1
2
[ln2 ln(1,3)]
_
n
3
3
_
2
1
=
7
6
ln6.
Ejemplo. Calcule
__
1
r
2
j
2
rj = 1, r = 2j y 3r = j.
_
n = rj
= r,j
J (r, j) =
j 1,j
r r,j
2
= 2
r
j
= 2
J (n, ) =
1
2
__
1
r
2
j
2
d
=
_
2
1
_
2
1/3
n
2
_
1
2
_
d dn
=
1
2
_
2
1
n
2
_
ln
2
1/3
dn =
1
2
[ln2 ln(1,3)]
_
n
3
3
_
2
1
=
7
6
ln6.
Ejemplo. Calcule
__
1
r
2
j
2
rj = 1, r = 2j y 3r = j.
_
n = rj
= r,j
J (r, j) =
j 1,j
r r,j
2
= 2
r
j
= 2
J (n, ) =
1
2
__
1
r
2
j
2
d =
_
2
1
_
2
1/3
n
2
_
1
2
_
d dn
=
1
2
_
2
1
n
2
_
ln
2
1/3
dn =
1
2
[ln2 ln(1,3)]
_
n
3
3
_
2
1
=
7
6
ln6.
Ejemplo. Calcule
__
1
r
2
j
2
rj = 1, r = 2j y 3r = j.
_
n = rj
= r,j
J (r, j) =
j 1,j
r r,j
2
= 2
r
j
= 2
J (n, ) =
1
2
__
1
r
2
j
2
d =
_
2
1
_
2
1/3
n
2
_
1
2
_
d dn
=
1
2
_
2
1
n
2
_
ln
2
1/3
dn
=
1
2
[ln2 ln(1,3)]
_
n
3
3
_
2
1
=
7
6
ln6.
Ejemplo. Calcule
__
1
r
2
j
2
rj = 1, r = 2j y 3r = j.
_
n = rj
= r,j
J (r, j) =
j 1,j
r r,j
2
= 2
r
j
= 2
J (n, ) =
1
2
__
1
r
2
j
2
d =
_
2
1
_
2
1/3
n
2
_
1
2
_
d dn
=
1
2
_
2
1
n
2
_
ln
2
1/3
dn =
1
2
[ln2 ln(1,3)]
_
n
3
3
_
2
1
=
7
6
ln6.
Ejemplo. Calcule
__
1
r
2
j
2
rj = 1, r = 2j y 3r = j.
_
n = rj
= r,j
J (r, j) =
j 1,j
r r,j
2
= 2
r
j
= 2
J (n, ) =
1
2
__
1
r
2
j
2
d =
_
2
1
_
2
1/3
n
2
_
1
2
_
d dn
=
1
2
_
2
1
n
2
_
ln
2
1/3
dn =
1
2
[ln2 ln(1,3)]
_
n
3
3
_
2
1
=
7
6
ln6.
Ejemplo. Calcule
__
1
r
3
d, donde 1 es la regin acotada por j = 2r
2
,
j = r
2
, r = j
2
y r = 2j
2
.
_
n = j,r
2
= j
2
,r
J (r, j) =
2j,r
3
j
2
,r
2
1,r
2
2j,r
= 3
j
2
r
4
= 3n
2
J (n, ) =
1
3n
2
__
1
r
3
d =
__
1
_
j
r
2
_
2
_
r
j
2
_
d =
_
2
1
_
1
1/2
n
2
_
1
3n
2
_
d dn
=
1
3
_
2
1
dn
_
1
1/2
d
=
1
3
(2 1)
_
ln1 ln
1
2
_
=
1
3
ln2.
Ejemplo. Calcule
__
1
r
3
2
,
j = r
2
, r = j
2
y r = 2j
2
.
_
n = j,r
2
= j
2
,r
J (r, j) =
2j,r
3
j
2
,r
2
1,r
2
2j,r
= 3
j
2
r
4
= 3n
2
J (n, ) =
1
3n
2
__
1
r
3
d =
__
1
_
j
r
2
_
2
_
r
j
2
_
d =
_
2
1
_
1
1/2
n
2
_
1
3n
2
_
d dn
=
1
3
_
2
1
dn
_
1
1/2
d
=
1
3
(2 1)
_
ln1 ln
1
2
_
=
1
3
ln2.
Ejemplo. Calcule
__
1
r
3
2
,
j = r
2
, r = j
2
y r = 2j
2
.
_
n = j,r
2
= j
2
,r
J (r, j) =
2j,r
3
j
2
,r
2
1,r
2
2j,r
= 3
j
2
r
4
= 3n
2
J (n, ) =
1
3n
2
__
1
r
3
d =
__
1
_
j
r
2
_
2
_
r
j
2
_
d =
_
2
1
_
1
1/2
n
2
_
1
3n
2
_
d dn
=
1
3
_
2
1
dn
_
1
1/2
d
=
1
3
(2 1)
_
ln1 ln
1
2
_
=
1
3
ln2.
Ejemplo. Calcule
__
1
r
3
2
,
j = r
2
, r = j
2
y r = 2j
2
.
_
n = j,r
2
= j
2
,r
J (r, j) =
2j,r
3
j
2
,r
2
1,r
2
2j,r
= 3
j
2
r
4
= 3n
2
J (n, ) =
1
3n
2
__
1
r
3
d =
__
1
_
j
r
2
_
2
_
r
j
2
_
d =
_
2
1
_
1
1/2
n
2
_
1
3n
2
_
d dn
=
1
3
_
2
1
dn
_
1
1/2
d
=
1
3
(2 1)
_
ln1 ln
1
2
_
=
1
3
ln2.
Ejemplo. Calcule
__
1
r
3
2
,
j = r
2
, r = j
2
y r = 2j
2
.
_
n = j,r
2
= j
2
,r
J (r, j) =
2j,r
3
j
2
,r
2
1,r
2
2j,r
= 3
j
2
r
4
= 3n
2
J (n, ) =
1
3n
2
__
1
r
3
d =
__
1
_
j
r
2
_
2
_
r
j
2
_
d =
_
2
1
_
1
1/2
n
2
_
1
3n
2
_
d dn
=
1
3
_
2
1
dn
_
1
1/2
d
=
1
3
(2 1)
_
ln1 ln
1
2
_
=
1
3
ln2.
Ejemplo. Calcule
__
1
r
3
2
,
j = r
2
, r = j
2
y r = 2j
2
.
_
n = j,r
2
= j
2
,r
J (r, j) =
2j,r
3
j
2
,r
2
1,r
2
2j,r
= 3
j
2
r
4
= 3n
2
J (n, ) =
1
3n
2
__
1
r
3
d =
__
1
_
j
r
2
_
2
_
r
j
2
_
d =
_
2
1
_
1
1/2
n
2
_
1
3n
2
_
d dn
=
1
3
_
2
1
dn
_
1
1/2
d
=
1
3
(2 1)
_
ln1 ln
1
2
_
=
1
3
ln2.
Ejemplo. Calcule
__
1
r
3
2
,
j = r
2
, r = j
2
y r = 2j
2
.
_
n = j,r
2
= j
2
,r
J (r, j) =
2j,r
3
j
2
,r
2
1,r
2
2j,r
= 3
j
2
r
4
= 3n
2
J (n, ) =
1
3n
2
__
1
r
3
d
=
__
1
_
j
r
2
_
2
_
r
j
2
_
d =
_
2
1
_
1
1/2
n
2
_
1
3n
2
_
d dn
=
1
3
_
2
1
dn
_
1
1/2
d
=
1
3
(2 1)
_
ln1 ln
1
2
_
=
1
3
ln2.
Ejemplo. Calcule
__
1
r
3
2
,
j = r
2
, r = j
2
y r = 2j
2
.
_
n = j,r
2
= j
2
,r
J (r, j) =
2j,r
3
j
2
,r
2
1,r
2
2j,r
= 3
j
2
r
4
= 3n
2
J (n, ) =
1
3n
2
__
1
r
3
d =
__
1
_
j
r
2
_
2
_
r
j
2
_
d
=
_
2
1
_
1
1/2
n
2
_
1
3n
2
_
d dn
=
1
3
_
2
1
dn
_
1
1/2
d
=
1
3
(2 1)
_
ln1 ln
1
2
_
=
1
3
ln2.
Ejemplo. Calcule
__
1
r
3
2
,
j = r
2
, r = j
2
y r = 2j
2
.
_
n = j,r
2
= j
2
,r
J (r, j) =
2j,r
3
j
2
,r
2
1,r
2
2j,r
= 3
j
2
r
4
= 3n
2
J (n, ) =
1
3n
2
__
1
r
3
d =
__
1
_
j
r
2
_
2
_
r
j
2
_
d =
_
2
1
_
1
1/2
n
2
_
1
3n
2
_
d dn
=
1
3
_
2
1
dn
_
1
1/2
d
=
1
3
(2 1)
_
ln1 ln
1
2
_
=
1
3
ln2.
Ejemplo. Calcule
__
1
r
3
2
,
j = r
2
, r = j
2
y r = 2j
2
.
_
n = j,r
2
= j
2
,r
J (r, j) =
2j,r
3
j
2
,r
2
1,r
2
2j,r
= 3
j
2
r
4
= 3n
2
J (n, ) =
1
3n
2
__
1
r
3
d =
__
1
_
j
r
2
_
2
_
r
j
2
_
d =
_
2
1
_
1
1/2
n
2
_
1
3n
2
_
d dn
=
1
3
_
2
1
dn
_
1
1/2
d
=
1
3
(2 1)
_
ln1 ln
1
2
_
=
1
3
ln2.
Ejemplo. Calcule
__
1
r
3
2
,
j = r
2
, r = j
2
y r = 2j
2
.
_
n = j,r
2
= j
2
,r
J (r, j) =
2j,r
3
j
2
,r
2
1,r
2
2j,r
= 3
j
2
r
4
= 3n
2
J (n, ) =
1
3n
2
__
1
r
3
d =
__
1
_
j
r
2
_
2
_
r
j
2
_
d =
_
2
1
_
1
1/2
n
2
_
1
3n
2
_
d dn
=
1
3
_
2
1
dn
_
1
1/2
d
=
1
3
(2 1)
_
ln1 ln
1
2
_
=
1
3
ln2.
Ejemplo. Calcule
__
1
r
3
2
,
j = r
2
, r = j
2
y r = 2j
2
.
_
n = j,r
2
= j
2
,r
J (r, j) =
2j,r
3
j
2
,r
2
1,r
2
2j,r
= 3
j
2
r
4
= 3n
2
J (n, ) =
1
3n
2
__
1
r
3
d =
__
1
_
j
r
2
_
2
_
r
j
2
_
d =
_
2
1
_
1
1/2
n
2
_
1
3n
2
_
d dn
=
1
3
_
2
1
dn
_
1
1/2
d
=
1
3
(2 1)
_
ln1 ln
1
2
_
=
1
3
ln2.
Ejemplo. Se quiere calcular el rea del anillo elptico acotado por
r
2
+ 4j
2
= 4 y r
2
+ 4j
2
= 16.
_
r = 2r cos 0
j = r sen0
J (r, 0) =
0 (r, j)
0 (r, 0)
=
2 cos 0 sen0
2r sen0 r cos 0
= 2r
_
cos
2
0 + sen
2
0
_
= 2r
=
_
2t
0
_
2
1
2r dr d0 = 2 (4 1) = 6.
r
2
+ 4j
2
= 4 y r
2
+ 4j
2
= 16.
_
r = 2r cos 0
j = r sen0
J (r, 0) =
0 (r, j)
0 (r, 0)
=
2 cos 0 sen0
2r sen0 r cos 0
= 2r
_
cos
2
0 + sen
2
0
_
= 2r
=
_
2t
0
_
2
1
2r dr d0 = 2 (4 1) = 6.
r
2
+ 4j
2
= 4 y r
2
+ 4j
2
= 16.
_
r = 2r cos 0
j = r sen0
J (r, 0) =
0 (r, j)
0 (r, 0)
=
2 cos 0 sen0
2r sen0 r cos 0
= 2r
_
cos
2
0 + sen
2
0
_
= 2r
=
_
2t
0
_
2
1
2r dr d0 = 2 (4 1) = 6.
r
2
+ 4j
2
= 4 y r
2
+ 4j
2
= 16.
_
r = 2r cos 0
j = r sen0
J (r, 0) =
0 (r, j)
0 (r, 0)
=
2 cos 0 sen0
2r sen0 r cos 0
= 2r
_
cos
2
0 + sen
2
0
_
= 2r
=
_
2t
0
_
2
1
2r dr d0 = 2 (4 1) = 6.
r
2
+ 4j
2
= 4 y r
2
+ 4j
2
= 16.
_
r = 2r cos 0
j = r sen0
J (r, 0) =
0 (r, j)
0 (r, 0)
=
2 cos 0 sen0
2r sen0 r cos 0
= 2r
_
cos
2
0 + sen
2
0
_
= 2r
=
_
2t
0
_
2
1
2r dr d0 = 2 (4 1) = 6.
r
2
+ 4j
2
= 4 y r
2
+ 4j
2
= 16.
_
r = 2r cos 0
j = r sen0
J (r, 0) =
0 (r, j)
0 (r, 0)
=
2 cos 0 sen0
2r sen0 r cos 0
= 2r
_
cos
2
0 + sen
2
0
_
= 2r
=
_
2t
0
_
2
1
2r dr d0 = 2 (4 1) = 6.
r
2
+ 4j
2
= 4 y r
2
+ 4j
2
= 16.
_
r = 2r cos 0
j = r sen0
J (r, 0) =
0 (r, j)
0 (r, 0)
=
2 cos 0 sen0
2r sen0 r cos 0
= 2r
_
cos
2
0 + sen
2
0
_
= 2r
=
_
2t
0
_
2
1
2r dr d0
= 2 (4 1) = 6.
r
2
+ 4j
2
= 4 y r
2
+ 4j
2
= 16.
_
r = 2r cos 0
j = r sen0
J (r, 0) =
0 (r, j)
0 (r, 0)
=
2 cos 0 sen0
2r sen0 r cos 0
= 2r
_
cos
2
0 + sen
2
0
_
= 2r
=
_
2t
0
_
2
1
2r dr d0 = 2 (4 1) = 6.
Cambio a coordenadas polares generalizadas
_
r = ar cos 0
j = /r sen0
J (r, 0) =
0 (r, j)
0 (r, 0)
=
a cos 0 / sen0
ar sen0 /r cos 0
= a/r
__
1
1 (r, j) dr dj =
__
S
1 (ar cos 0, /r sen0) a/r dr d0.
Ejemplo. Encuentre el rea de la elipse
r
2
a
2
+
j
2
/
2
= 1.
=
__
1
dr dj =
_
2t
0
_
1
0
a/r dr d0 = a/.
_
r = ar cos 0
j = /r sen0
J (r, 0) =
0 (r, j)
0 (r, 0)
=
a cos 0 / sen0
ar sen0 /r cos 0
= a/r
__
1
1 (r, j) dr dj =
__
S
r
2
a
2
+
j
2
/
2
= 1.
=
__
1
dr dj =
_
2t
0
_
1
0
a/r dr d0 = a/.
_
r = ar cos 0
j = /r sen0
J (r, 0) =
0 (r, j)
0 (r, 0)
=
a cos 0 / sen0
ar sen0 /r cos 0
= a/r
__
1
1 (r, j) dr dj =
__
S
r
2
a
2
+
j
2
/
2
= 1.
=
__
1
dr dj =
_
2t
0
_
1
0
a/r dr d0 = a/.
_
r = ar cos 0
j = /r sen0
J (r, 0) =
0 (r, j)
0 (r, 0)
=
a cos 0 / sen0
ar sen0 /r cos 0
= a/r
__
1
1 (r, j) dr dj =
__
S
r
2
a
2
+
j
2
/
2
= 1.
=
__
1
dr dj =
_
2t
0
_
1
0
a/r dr d0 = a/.
_
r = ar cos 0
j = /r sen0
J (r, 0) =
0 (r, j)
0 (r, 0)
=
a cos 0 / sen0
ar sen0 /r cos 0
= a/r
__
1
1 (r, j) dr dj
=
__
S
r
2
a
2
+
j
2
/
2
= 1.
=
__
1
dr dj =
_
2t
0
_
1
0
a/r dr d0 = a/.
_
r = ar cos 0
j = /r sen0
J (r, 0) =
0 (r, j)
0 (r, 0)
=
a cos 0 / sen0
ar sen0 /r cos 0
= a/r
__
1
1 (r, j) dr dj =
__
S
r
2
a
2
+
j
2
/
2
= 1.
=
__
1
dr dj =
_
2t
0
_
1
0
a/r dr d0 = a/.
_
r = ar cos 0
j = /r sen0
J (r, 0) =
0 (r, j)
0 (r, 0)
=
a cos 0 / sen0
ar sen0 /r cos 0
= a/r
__
1
1 (r, j) dr dj =
__
S
r
2
a
2
+
j
2
/
2
= 1.
=
__
1
dr dj =
_
2t
0
_
1
0
a/r dr d0 = a/.
_
r = ar cos 0
j = /r sen0
J (r, 0) =
0 (r, j)
0 (r, 0)
=
a cos 0 / sen0
ar sen0 /r cos 0
= a/r
__
1
1 (r, j) dr dj =
__
S
r
2
a
2
+
j
2
/
2
= 1.
=
__
1
dr dj =
_
2t
0
_
1
0
a/r dr d0 = a/.
_
r = ar cos 0
j = /r sen0
J (r, 0) =
0 (r, j)
0 (r, 0)
=
a cos 0 / sen0
ar sen0 /r cos 0
= a/r
__
1
1 (r, j) dr dj =
__
S
r
2
a
2
+
j
2
/
2
= 1.
=
__
1
dr dj =
_
2t
0
_
1
0
a/r dr d0 = a/.
Cambio de variables en integrales triples
_
_
_
r = ) (n, , n)
j = q (n, , n)
. = /(n, , n)
==J (n, , n) =
0
u
r 0
u
j 0
u
.
0
u
r 0
u
j 0
u
.
0
u
r 0
u
j 0
u
.
___
1
1 (r, j, .) dr dj d. =
___
S
G(n, , n) [J (n, , n)[ dn d dn
Ejemplo. Coordenadas cilndricas
_
_
_
r = r cos 0
j = r sen0
. = .
J (r, 0, .) =
cos 0 sen0 0
r sen0 r cos 0 0
0 0 1
= r
___
1
1 (r, j, .) d\ =
___
S
G(r, 0, .) r d. dr d0.
_
_
_
r = ) (n, , n)
j = q (n, , n)
. = /(n, , n)
==J (n, , n) =
0
u
r 0
u
j 0
u
.
0
u
r 0
u
j 0
u
.
0
u
r 0
u
j 0
u
.
___
1
1 (r, j, .) dr dj d. =
___
S
G(n, , n) [J (n, , n)[ dn d dn
_
_
_
r = r cos 0
j = r sen0
. = .
J (r, 0, .) =
cos 0 sen0 0
r sen0 r cos 0 0
0 0 1
= r
___
1
1 (r, j, .) d\ =
___
S
G(r, 0, .) r d. dr d0.
_
_
_
r = ) (n, , n)
j = q (n, , n)
. = /(n, , n)
==J (n, , n) =
0
u
r 0
u
j 0
u
.
0
u
r 0
u
j 0
u
.
0
u
r 0
u
j 0
u
.
___
1
1 (r, j, .) dr dj d. =
___
S
G(n, , n) [J (n, , n)[ dn d dn
_
_
_
r = r cos 0
j = r sen0
. = .
J (r, 0, .) =
cos 0 sen0 0
r sen0 r cos 0 0
0 0 1
= r
___
1
1 (r, j, .) d\ =
___
S
G(r, 0, .) r d. dr d0.
_
_
_
r = ) (n, , n)
j = q (n, , n)
. = /(n, , n)
==J (n, , n) =
0
u
r 0
u
j 0
u
.
0
u
r 0
u
j 0
u
.
0
u
r 0
u
j 0
u
.
___
1
1 (r, j, .) dr dj d. =
___
S
G(n, , n) [J (n, , n)[ dn d dn
_
_
_
r = r cos 0
j = r sen0
. = .
J (r, 0, .) =
cos 0 sen0 0
r sen0 r cos 0 0
0 0 1
= r
___
1
1 (r, j, .) d\ =
___
S
G(r, 0, .) r d. dr d0.
_
_
_
r = ) (n, , n)
j = q (n, , n)
. = /(n, , n)
==J (n, , n) =
0
u
r 0
u
j 0
u
.
0
u
r 0
u
j 0
u
.
0
u
r 0
u
j 0
u
.
___
1
1 (r, j, .) dr dj d. =
___
S
G(n, , n) [J (n, , n)[ dn d dn
_
_
_
r = r cos 0
j = r sen0
. = .
J (r, 0, .) =
cos 0 sen0 0
r sen0 r cos 0 0
0 0 1
= r
___
1
1 (r, j, .) d\ =
___
S
G(r, 0, .) r d. dr d0.
_
_
_
r = ) (n, , n)
j = q (n, , n)
. = /(n, , n)
==J (n, , n) =
0
u
r 0
u
j 0
u
.
0
u
r 0
u
j 0
u
.
0
u
r 0
u
j 0
u
.
___
1
1 (r, j, .) dr dj d. =
___
S
G(n, , n) [J (n, , n)[ dn d dn
_
_
_
r = r cos 0
j = r sen0
. = .
J (r, 0, .) =
cos 0 sen0 0
r sen0 r cos 0 0
0 0 1
= r
___
1
1 (r, j, .) d\ =
___
S
G(r, 0, .) r d. dr d0.
Ejemplo.Coordenadas esfricas
_
_
_
r = j senccos 0
j = j sencsen0
. = j cos c
J (j, 0, c) =
senccos 0 sencsen0 cos c

j sencsen0 j senccos 0 0
j cos ccos 0 j cos csen0 j senc
= j
2
senc
___
1
1 (r, j, .) d\ =
___
S
G(j, 0, c) j
2
sencdj d0 dc.
_
_
_
r = j senccos 0
j = j sencsen0
. = j cos c
J (j, 0, c) =

= j
2
senc
___
1
1 (r, j, .) d\ =
___
S
G(j, 0, c) j
2
sencdj d0 dc.
_
_
_
r = j senccos 0
j = j sencsen0
. = j cos c
J (j, 0, c) =

= j
2
senc
___
1
1 (r, j, .) d\
=
___
S
G(j, 0, c) j
2
sencdj d0 dc.
_
_
_
r = j senccos 0
j = j sencsen0
. = j cos c
J (j, 0, c) =

= j
2
senc
___
1
1 (r, j, .) d\ =
___
S
G(j, 0, c) j
2
sencdj d0 dc.
Ejemplo. Determine el volumen del toro T obtenido al girar alrededor del eje
. el disco circular (j /)
2
+ .
2
_ a
2
, 0 < a < /.
0 _ j _ a, 0 _ c _ 2, 0 _ 0 _ 2
r = (/ + jcos c) cos 0, j = (/ + jcos c) sen0, . = jsenc.
2
+ .
2
_ a
2
, 0 < a < /.
0 _ j _ a, 0 _ c _ 2, 0 _ 0 _ 2
2
+ .
2
_ a
2
, 0 < a < /.
0 _ j _ a, 0 _ c _ 2, 0 _ 0 _ 2
2
+ .
2
_ a
2
, 0 < a < /.
0 _ j _ a, 0 _ c _ 2, 0 _ 0 _ 2
J (j, c, 0) =
cos c cos 0 cos c sen0 senc

jsenc cos 0 jsenc sen0 jcos c
(/ + jcos c) sen0 (/ + jcos c) cos 0 0
= j(/ + jcos c) .
\ =
___
1
d\ =
_
2t
0
_
2t
0
_
o
0
j(/ + jcos c) dj dc d0
=
_
2t
0
_
2t
0
_
/
j
2
2
+
j
3
3
cos c
_
o
0
dc d0
=
_
/
a
2
2
c +
a
3
3
senc
_
2t
0
[0]
2t
0
= a
2
/ [2] = 2
2
a
2
/ = (2/)
_
a
2
_
.
J (j, c, 0) =

= j(/ + jcos c) .
\ =
___
1
d\ =
_
2t
0
_
2t
0
_
o
0
=
_
2t
0
_
2t
0
_
/
j
2
2
+
j
3
3
cos c
_
o
0
dc d0
=
_
/
a
2
2
c +
a
3
3
senc
_
2t
0
[0]
2t
0
= a
2
/ [2] = 2
2
a
2
/ = (2/)
_
a
2
_
.
J (j, c, 0) =

= j(/ + jcos c) .
\ =
___
1
d\ =
_
2t
0
_
2t
0
_
o
0
=
_
2t
0
_
2t
0
_
/
j
2
2
+
j
3
3
cos c
_
o
0
dc d0
=
_
/
a
2
2
c +
a
3
3
senc
_
2t
0
[0]
2t
0
= a
2
/ [2] = 2
2
a
2
/ = (2/)
_
a
2
_
.
J (j, c, 0) =

= j(/ + jcos c) .
\ =
___
1
d\ =
_
2t
0
_
2t
0
_
o
0
=
_
2t
0
_
2t
0
_
/
j
2
2
+
j
3
3
cos c
_
o
0
dc d0
=
_
/
a
2
2
c +
a
3
3
senc
_
2t
0
[0]
2t
0
= a
2
/ [2] = 2
2
a
2
/ = (2/)
_
a
2
_
.
J (j, c, 0) =

= j(/ + jcos c) .
\ =
___
1
d\ =
_
2t
0
_
2t
0
_
o
0
=
_
2t
0
_
2t
0
_
/
j
2
2
+
j
3
3
cos c
_
o
0
dc d0
=
_
/
a
2
2
c +
a
3
3
senc
_
2t
0
[0]
2t
0
= a
2
/ [2] = 2
2
a
2
/ = (2/)
_
a
2
_
.
J (j, c, 0) =

= j(/ + jcos c) .
\ =
___
1
d\ =
_
2t
0
_
2t
0
_
o
0
=
_
2t
0
_
2t
0
_
/
j
2
2
+
j
3
3
cos c
_
o
0
dc d0
=
_
/
a
2
2
c +
a
3
3
senc
_
2t
0
[0]
2t
0
= a
2
/ [2] = 2
2
a
2
/ = (2/)
_
a
2
_
.
Coordenadas cilndricas
_
_
_
r = r cos 0
j = r sen0
. = .
1 = (r, j, .) : (r, j) 1, n
1
(r, j) _ . _ n
2
(r, j) ,
1 = (r, 0) : c _ 0 _ ,, /
1
(0) _ r _ /
2
(0)
J (r, 0, .) = r
___
1
1 (r, j, .) d\ =
_
o
o
_
|
2
(0)
|
1
(0)
_
u
2
(: cos 0,: sen 0)
u
1
(: cos 0,: sen 0)
1 (r cos 0, r sen0, .) r d. dr d0.
_
_
_
r = r cos 0
j = r sen0
. = .
1 = (r, j, .) : (r, j) 1, n
1
(r, j) _ . _ n
2
(r, j) ,
1 = (r, 0) : c _ 0 _ ,, /
1
(0) _ r _ /
2
(0)
J (r, 0, .) = r
___
1
1 (r, j, .) d\ =
_
o
o
_
|
2
(0)
|
1
(0)
_
u
2
(: cos 0,: sen 0)
u
1
(: cos 0,: sen 0)
1 (r cos 0, r sen0, .) r d. dr d0.
_
_
_
r = r cos 0
j = r sen0
. = .
1 = (r, j, .) : (r, j) 1, n
1
(r, j) _ . _ n
2
(r, j) ,
1 = (r, 0) : c _ 0 _ ,, /
1
(0) _ r _ /
2
(0)
J (r, 0, .) = r
___
1
1 (r, j, .) d\ =
_
o
o
_
|
2
(0)
|
1
(0)
_
u
2
(: cos 0,: sen 0)
u
1
(: cos 0,: sen 0)
1 (r cos 0, r sen0, .) r d. dr d0.
Ejemplo. Encuentre la masa del slido acotado por ,6 _ 0 _ ,3, r = cos 0,
. = 0 y . = r, si la densidad es dada por c (r, 0, .) = 3r.
: =
_
t/3
t/6
_
cos 0
0
_
:
0
(3r) r d. dr d0 =
_
t/3
t/6
_
cos 0
0
3r
2
[.]
:
0
dr d0
=
_
t/3
t/6
_
cos 0
0
3r
3
dr d0 =
_
t/3
t/6
_
3
4
r
4
_
cos 0
0
d0 =
3
4
_
t/3
t/6
cos
4
0d0
=
3
4
_
3
8
0 +
1
4
sen20 +
1
32
sen40
_
t/3
t/6
=
3
128
_
2
_
3
_
.
: =
_
t/3
t/6
_
cos 0
0
_
:
0
(3r) r d. dr d0 =
_
t/3
t/6
_
cos 0
0
3r
2
[.]
:
0
dr d0
=
_
t/3
t/6
_
cos 0
0
3r
3
dr d0 =
_
t/3
t/6
_
3
4
r
4
_
cos 0
0
d0 =
3
4
_
t/3
t/6
cos
4
0d0
=
3
4
_
3
8
0 +
1
4
sen20 +
1
32
sen40
_
t/3
t/6
=
3
128
_
2
_
3
_
.
: =
_
t/3
t/6
_
cos 0
0
_
:
0
(3r) r d. dr d0
=
_
t/3
t/6
_
cos 0
0
3r
2
[.]
:
0
dr d0
=
_
t/3
t/6
_
cos 0
0
3r
3
dr d0 =
_
t/3
t/6
_
3
4
r
4
_
cos 0
0
d0 =
3
4
_
t/3
t/6
cos
4
0d0
=
3
4
_
3
8
0 +
1
4
sen20 +
1
32
sen40
_
t/3
t/6
=
3
128
_
2
_
3
_
.
: =
_
t/3
t/6
_
cos 0
0
_
:
0
(3r) r d. dr d0 =
_
t/3
t/6
_
cos 0
0
3r
2
[.]
:
0
dr d0
=
_
t/3
t/6
_
cos 0
0
3r
3
dr d0 =
_
t/3
t/6
_
3
4
r
4
_
cos 0
0
d0 =
3
4
_
t/3
t/6
cos
4
0d0
=
3
4
_
3
8
0 +
1
4
sen20 +
1
32
sen40
_
t/3
t/6
=
3
128
_
2
_
3
_
.
: =
_
t/3
t/6
_
cos 0
0
_
:
0
(3r) r d. dr d0 =
_
t/3
t/6
_
cos 0
0
3r
2
[.]
:
0
dr d0
=
_
t/3
t/6
_
cos 0
0
3r
3
dr d0
=
_
t/3
t/6
_
3
4
r
4
_
cos 0
0
d0 =
3
4
_
t/3
t/6
cos
4
0d0
=
3
4
_
3
8
0 +
1
4
sen20 +
1
32
sen40
_
t/3
t/6
=
3
128
_
2
_
3
_
.
: =
_
t/3
t/6
_
cos 0
0
_
:
0
(3r) r d. dr d0 =
_
t/3
t/6
_
cos 0
0
3r
2
[.]
:
0
dr d0
=
_
t/3
t/6
_
cos 0
0
3r
3
dr d0 =
_
t/3
t/6
_
3
4
r
4
_
cos 0
0
d0
=
3
4
_
t/3
t/6
cos
4
0d0
=
3
4
_
3
8
0 +
1
4
sen20 +
1
32
sen40
_
t/3
t/6
=
3
128
_
2
_
3
_
.
: =
_
t/3
t/6
_
cos 0
0
_
:
0
(3r) r d. dr d0 =
_
t/3
t/6
_
cos 0
0
3r
2
[.]
:
0
dr d0
=
_
t/3
t/6
_
cos 0
0
3r
3
dr d0 =
_
t/3
t/6
_
3
4
r
4
_
cos 0
0
d0 =
3
4
_
t/3
t/6
cos
4
0d0
=
3
4
_
3
8
0 +
1
4
sen20 +
1
32
sen40
_
t/3
t/6
=
3
128
_
2
_
3
_
.
: =
_
t/3
t/6
_
cos 0
0
_
:
0
(3r) r d. dr d0 =
_
t/3
t/6
_
cos 0
0
3r
2
[.]
:
0
dr d0
=
_
t/3
t/6
_
cos 0
0
3r
3
dr d0 =
_
t/3
t/6
_
3
4
r
4
_
cos 0
0
d0 =
3
4
_
t/3
t/6
cos
4
0d0
=
3
4
_
3
8
0 +
1
4
sen20 +
1
32
sen40
_
t/3
t/6
=
3
128
_
2
_
3
_
.
: =
_
t/3
t/6
_
cos 0
0
_
:
0
(3r) r d. dr d0 =
_
t/3
t/6
_
cos 0
0
3r
2
[.]
:
0
dr d0
=
_
t/3
t/6
_
cos 0
0
3r
3
dr d0 =
_
t/3
t/6
_
3
4
r
4
_
cos 0
0
d0 =
3
4
_
t/3
t/6
cos
4
0d0
=
3
4
_
3
8
0 +
1
4
sen20 +
1
32
sen40
_
t/3
t/6
=
3
128
_
2
_
3
_
.
Ejemplo. Encuentre la regin acotada por el cilindro r
2
+ j
2
= 4r y por la
esfera r
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= 16.
\ =
_
t
0
_
4 cos 0
0
_
p
16:
2
p
16:
2
r d. dr d0
2
+ j
2
= 4r y por la
esfera r
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= 16.
\ =
_
t
0
_
4 cos 0
0
_
p
16:
2
p
16:
2
r d. dr d0
2
+ j
2
= 4r y por la
esfera r
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= 16.
\ =
_
t
0
_
4 cos 0
0
_
p
16:
2
p
16:
2
r d. dr d0
2
+ j
2
= 4r y por la
esfera r
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= 16.
\ =
_
t
0
_
4 cos 0
0
_
p
16:
2
p
16:
2
r d. dr d0
\ =
_
t
0
_
4 cos 0
0
_
p
16:
2
p
16:
2
r d. dr d0
= 2
_
t
0
_
4 cos 0
0
_
p
16:
2
0
r d. dr d0
= 2
_
t
0
_
4 cos 0
0
r
_
16 r
2
dr d0 = 2
_
t
0
_
1
3
_
16 r
2
_
3/2
_
4 cos 0
0
d0
=
2
3
_
t
0
_
64
_
16 16 cos
2
0
_
3/2
_
d0
=
128
3
_
t
0
_
1
_
1 cos
2
0
_
3/2
_
d0 =
128
3
_
t
0
_
1 sen
3
0
d0
=
128
3
_
0 +
3
4
cos 0
1
12
cos 30
_
t
0
=
128
9
(3 4) .
\ =
_
t
0
_
4 cos 0
0
_
p
16:
2
p
16:
2
r d. dr d0
= 2
_
t
0
_
4 cos 0
0
_
p
16:
2
0
r d. dr d0
= 2
_
t
0
_
4 cos 0
0
r
_
16 r
2
dr d0 = 2
_
t
0
_
1
3
_
16 r
2
_
3/2
_
4 cos 0
0
d0
=
2
3
_
t
0
_
64
_
16 16 cos
2
0
_
3/2
_
d0
=
128
3
_
t
0
_
1
_
1 cos
2
0
_
3/2
_
d0 =
128
3
_
t
0
_
1 sen
3
0
d0
=
128
3
_
0 +
3
4
cos 0
1
12
cos 30
_
t
0
=
128
9
(3 4) .
\ =
_
t
0
_
4 cos 0
0
_
p
16:
2
p
16:
2
r d. dr d0
= 2
_
t
0
_
4 cos 0
0
_
p
16:
2
0
r d. dr d0
= 2
_
t
0
_
4 cos 0
0
r
_
16 r
2
dr d0
= 2
_
t
0
_
1
3
_
16 r
2
_
3/2
_
4 cos 0
0
d0
=
2
3
_
t
0
_
64
_
16 16 cos
2
0
_
3/2
_
d0
=
128
3
_
t
0
_
1
_
1 cos
2
0
_
3/2
_
d0 =
128
3
_
t
0
_
1 sen
3
0
d0
=
128
3
_
0 +
3
4
cos 0
1
12
cos 30
_
t
0
=
128
9
(3 4) .
\ =
_
t
0
_
4 cos 0
0
_
p
16:
2
p
16:
2
r d. dr d0
= 2
_
t
0
_
4 cos 0
0
_
p
16:
2
0
r d. dr d0
= 2
_
t
0
_
4 cos 0
0
r
_
16 r
2
dr d0 = 2
_
t
0
_
1
3
_
16 r
2
_
3/2
_
4 cos 0
0
d0
=
2
3
_
t
0
_
64
_
16 16 cos
2
0
_
3/2
_
d0
=
128
3
_
t
0
_
1
_
1 cos
2
0
_
3/2
_
d0 =
128
3
_
t
0
_
1 sen
3
0
d0
=
128
3
_
0 +
3
4
cos 0
1
12
cos 30
_
t
0
=
128
9
(3 4) .
\ =
_
t
0
_
4 cos 0
0
_
p
16:
2
p
16:
2
r d. dr d0
= 2
_
t
0
_
4 cos 0
0
_
p
16:
2
0
r d. dr d0
= 2
_
t
0
_
4 cos 0
0
r
_
16 r
2
dr d0 = 2
_
t
0
_
1
3
_
16 r
2
_
3/2
_
4 cos 0
0
d0
=
2
3
_
t
0
_
64
_
16 16 cos
2
0
_
3/2
_
d0
=
128
3
_
t
0
_
1
_
1 cos
2
0
_
3/2
_
d0 =
128
3
_
t
0
_
1 sen
3
0
d0
=
128
3
_
0 +
3
4
cos 0
1
12
cos 30
_
t
0
=
128
9
(3 4) .
\ =
_
t
0
_
4 cos 0
0
_
p
16:
2
p
16:
2
r d. dr d0
= 2
_
t
0
_
4 cos 0
0
_
p
16:
2
0
r d. dr d0
= 2
_
t
0
_
4 cos 0
0
r
_
16 r
2
dr d0 = 2
_
t
0
_
1
3
_
16 r
2
_
3/2
_
4 cos 0
0
d0
=
2
3
_
t
0
_
64
_
16 16 cos
2
0
_
3/2
_
d0
=
128
3
_
t
0
_
1
_
1 cos
2
0
_
3/2
_
d0
=
128
3
_
t
0
_
1 sen
3
0
d0
=
128
3
_
0 +
3
4
cos 0
1
12
cos 30
_
t
0
=
128
9
(3 4) .
\ =
_
t
0
_
4 cos 0
0
_
p
16:
2
p
16:
2
r d. dr d0
= 2
_
t
0
_
4 cos 0
0
_
p
16:
2
0
r d. dr d0
= 2
_
t
0
_
4 cos 0
0
r
_
16 r
2
dr d0 = 2
_
t
0
_
1
3
_
16 r
2
_
3/2
_
4 cos 0
0
d0
=
2
3
_
t
0
_
64
_
16 16 cos
2
0
_
3/2
_
d0
=
128
3
_
t
0
_
1
_
1 cos
2
0
_
3/2
_
d0 =
128
3
_
t
0
_
1 sen
3
0
d0
=
128
3
_
0 +
3
4
cos 0
1
12
cos 30
_
t
0
=
128
9
(3 4) .
\ =
_
t
0
_
4 cos 0
0
_
p
16:
2
p
16:
2
r d. dr d0
= 2
_
t
0
_
4 cos 0
0
_
p
16:
2
0
r d. dr d0
= 2
_
t
0
_
4 cos 0
0
r
_
16 r
2
dr d0 = 2
_
t
0
_
1
3
_
16 r
2
_
3/2
_
4 cos 0
0
d0
=
2
3
_
t
0
_
64
_
16 16 cos
2
0
_
3/2
_
d0
=
128
3
_
t
0
_
1
_
1 cos
2
0
_
3/2
_
d0 =
128
3
_
t
0
_
1 sen
3
0
d0
=
128
3
_
0 +
3
4
cos 0
1
12
cos 30
_
t
0
=
128
9
(3 4) .
\ =
_
t
0
_
4 cos 0
0
_
p
16:
2
p
16:
2
r d. dr d0
= 2
_
t
0
_
4 cos 0
0
_
p
16:
2
0
r d. dr d0
= 2
_
t
0
_
4 cos 0
0
r
_
16 r
2
dr d0 = 2
_
t
0
_
1
3
_
16 r
2
_
3/2
_
4 cos 0
0
d0
=
2
3
_
t
0
_
64
_
16 16 cos
2
0
_
3/2
_
d0
=
128
3
_
t
0
_
1
_
1 cos
2
0
_
3/2
_
d0 =
128
3
_
t
0
_
1 sen
3
0
d0
=
128
3
_
0 +
3
4
cos 0
1
12
cos 30
_
t
0
=
128
9
(3 4) .
Ejemplo. Encuentre el momento de inercia 1
:
del slido acotado
inferiormente por el plano rj, superiormente por la esfera de radio a y
lateralmente por el cilindro r = a cos 0.
1
:
=
_
t
0
_
o cos 0
0
_
p
o
2
:
2
0
_
r
2
+ j
2
_
r d. dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
o cos 0
0
_
p
o
2
:
2
0
r
3
d. dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
o cos 0
0
r
3
_
a
2
r
2
dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
o cos 0
0
r
_
r
2
a
2
+ a
2
_ _
a
2
r
2
_
1/2
dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
o cos 0
0
r
_
a
2
_
a
2
r
2
_
1/2
_
a
2
r
2
_
3/2
_
dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
1
3
a
2
_
a
2
r
2
_
3/2
+
1
5
_
a
2
r
2
_
5/2
_
o cos 0
0
d0
=
_
t
0
_
1
3
a
2
_
a
2
a
2
cos
2
0
_
3/2
+
1
5
_
a
2
a
2
cos
2
0
_
5/2
+
1
3
a
2
_
a
2
_
3/2
1
5
_
a
2
_
5/2
_
d0
:
del slido acotado
1
:
=
_
t
0
_
o cos 0
0
_
p
o
2
:
2
0
_
r
2
+ j
2
_
r d. dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
o cos 0
0
_
p
o
2
:
2
0
r
3
d. dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
o cos 0
0
r
3
_
a
2
r
2
dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
o cos 0
0
r
_
r
2
a
2
+ a
2
_ _
a
2
r
2
_
1/2
dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
o cos 0
0
r
_
a
2
_
a
2
r
2
_
1/2
_
a
2
r
2
_
3/2
_
dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
1
3
a
2
_
a
2
r
2
_
3/2
+
1
5
_
a
2
r
2
_
5/2
_
o cos 0
0
d0
=
_
t
0
_
1
3
a
2
_
a
2
a
2
cos
2
0
_
3/2
+
1
5
_
a
2
a
2
cos
2
0
_
5/2
+
1
3
a
2
_
a
2
_
3/2
1
5
_
a
2
_
5/2
_
d0
:
del slido acotado
1
:
=
_
t
0
_
o cos 0
0
_
p
o
2
:
2
0
_
r
2
+ j
2
_
r d. dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
o cos 0
0
_
p
o
2
:
2
0
r
3
d. dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
o cos 0
0
r
3
_
a
2
r
2
dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
o cos 0
0
r
_
r
2
a
2
+ a
2
_ _
a
2
r
2
_
1/2
dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
o cos 0
0
r
_
a
2
_
a
2
r
2
_
1/2
_
a
2
r
2
_
3/2
_
dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
1
3
a
2
_
a
2
r
2
_
3/2
+
1
5
_
a
2
r
2
_
5/2
_
o cos 0
0
d0
=
_
t
0
_
1
3
a
2
_
a
2
a
2
cos
2
0
_
3/2
+
1
5
_
a
2
a
2
cos
2
0
_
5/2
+
1
3
a
2
_
a
2
_
3/2
1
5
_
a
2
_
5/2
_
d0
:
del slido acotado
1
:
=
_
t
0
_
o cos 0
0
_
p
o
2
:
2
0
_
r
2
+ j
2
_
r d. dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
o cos 0
0
_
p
o
2
:
2
0
r
3
d. dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
o cos 0
0
r
3
_
a
2
r
2
dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
o cos 0
0
r
_
r
2
a
2
+ a
2
_ _
a
2
r
2
_
1/2
dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
o cos 0
0
r
_
a
2
_
a
2
r
2
_
1/2
_
a
2
r
2
_
3/2
_
dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
1
3
a
2
_
a
2
r
2
_
3/2
+
1
5
_
a
2
r
2
_
5/2
_
o cos 0
0
d0
=
_
t
0
_
1
3
a
2
_
a
2
a
2
cos
2
0
_
3/2
+
1
5
_
a
2
a
2
cos
2
0
_
5/2
+
1
3
a
2
_
a
2
_
3/2
1
5
_
a
2
_
5/2
_
d0
:
del slido acotado
1
:
=
_
t
0
_
o cos 0
0
_
p
o
2
:
2
0
_
r
2
+ j
2
_
r d. dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
o cos 0
0
_
p
o
2
:
2
0
r
3
d. dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
o cos 0
0
r
3
_
a
2
r
2
dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
o cos 0
0
r
_
r
2
a
2
+ a
2
_ _
a
2
r
2
_
1/2
dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
o cos 0
0
r
_
a
2
_
a
2
r
2
_
1/2
_
a
2
r
2
_
3/2
_
dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
1
3
a
2
_
a
2
r
2
_
3/2
+
1
5
_
a
2
r
2
_
5/2
_
o cos 0
0
d0
=
_
t
0
_
1
3
a
2
_
a
2
a
2
cos
2
0
_
3/2
+
1
5
_
a
2
a
2
cos
2
0
_
5/2
+
1
3
a
2
_
a
2
_
3/2
1
5
_
a
2
_
5/2
_
d0
:
del slido acotado
1
:
=
_
t
0
_
o cos 0
0
_
p
o
2
:
2
0
_
r
2
+ j
2
_
r d. dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
o cos 0
0
_
p
o
2
:
2
0
r
3
d. dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
o cos 0
0
r
3
_
a
2
r
2
dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
o cos 0
0
r
_
r
2
a
2
+ a
2
_ _
a
2
r
2
_
1/2
dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
o cos 0
0
r
_
a
2
_
a
2
r
2
_
1/2
_
a
2
r
2
_
3/2
_
dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
1
3
a
2
_
a
2
r
2
_
3/2
+
1
5
_
a
2
r
2
_
5/2
_
o cos 0
0
d0
=
_
t
0
_
1
3
a
2
_
a
2
a
2
cos
2
0
_
3/2
+
1
5
_
a
2
a
2
cos
2
0
_
5/2
+
1
3
a
2
_
a
2
_
3/2
1
5
_
a
2
_
5/2
_
d0
:
del slido acotado
1
:
=
_
t
0
_
o cos 0
0
_
p
o
2
:
2
0
_
r
2
+ j
2
_
r d. dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
o cos 0
0
_
p
o
2
:
2
0
r
3
d. dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
o cos 0
0
r
3
_
a
2
r
2
dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
o cos 0
0
r
_
r
2
a
2
+ a
2
_ _
a
2
r
2
_
1/2
dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
o cos 0
0
r
_
a
2
_
a
2
r
2
_
1/2
_
a
2
r
2
_
3/2
_
dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
1
3
a
2
_
a
2
r
2
_
3/2
+
1
5
_
a
2
r
2
_
5/2
_
o cos 0
0
d0
=
_
t
0
_
1
3
a
2
_
a
2
a
2
cos
2
0
_
3/2
+
1
5
_
a
2
a
2
cos
2
0
_
5/2
+
1
3
a
2
_
a
2
_
3/2
1
5
_
a
2
_
5/2
_
d0
:
del slido acotado
1
:
=
_
t
0
_
o cos 0
0
_
p
o
2
:
2
0
_
r
2
+ j
2
_
r d. dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
o cos 0
0
_
p
o
2
:
2
0
r
3
d. dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
o cos 0
0
r
3
_
a
2
r
2
dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
o cos 0
0
r
_
r
2
a
2
+ a
2
_ _
a
2
r
2
_
1/2
dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
o cos 0
0
r
_
a
2
_
a
2
r
2
_
1/2
_
a
2
r
2
_
3/2
_
dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
1
3
a
2
_
a
2
r
2
_
3/2
+
1
5
_
a
2
r
2
_
5/2
_
o cos 0
0
d0
=
_
t
0
_
1
3
a
2
_
a
2
a
2
cos
2
0
_
3/2
+
1
5
_
a
2
a
2
cos
2
0
_
5/2
+
1
3
a
2
_
a
2
_
3/2
1
5
_
a
2
_
5/2
_
d0
=
_
t
0
_
a
5
3
_
1cos
2
0
_
3/2
+
a
5
5
_
1cos
2
0
_
5/2
+
1
3
a
2
_
a
2
_
3/2
1
5
_
a
2
_
5/2
_
d0
=
_
t
0
_
a
5
3
sen
3
0 +
a
5
5
sen
5
0 +
1
3
a
5
1
5
a
5
_
d0
=
a
5
15
_
t
0
_
3 sen
5
0 5 sen
3
0 + 2
d0
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
t
0
_
3 sen
4
0 5 sen
2
0
sen0d0
_
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
t
0
_
3
_
1 cos
2
0
_
2
5 (1 cos 0)
_
sen0d0
_
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
t
0
_
3
_
1 2 cos
2
0 + cos
4
0
_
5
_
1 cos
2
0
_
sen0d0
_
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
t
0
_
2 cos
2
0 + 3 cos
4
0
sen0d0
_
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
2 cos 0 +
1
3
cos
3
0
3
5
cos
5
0
_
t
0
_
=
2a
5
15
_

26
15
_
=
_
t
0
_
a
5
3
_
1cos
2
0
_
3/2
+
a
5
5
_
1cos
2
0
_
5/2
+
1
3
a
2
_
a
2
_
3/2
1
5
_
a
2
_
5/2
_
d0
=
_
t
0
_
a
5
3
sen
3
0 +
a
5
5
sen
5
0 +
1
3
a
5
1
5
a
5
_
d0
=
a
5
15
_
t
0
_
3 sen
5
0 5 sen
3
0 + 2
d0
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
t
0
_
3 sen
4
0 5 sen
2
0
sen0d0
_
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
t
0
_
3
_
1 cos
2
0
_
2
5 (1 cos 0)
_
sen0d0
_
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
t
0
_
3
_
1 2 cos
2
0 + cos
4
0
_
5
_
1 cos
2
0
_
sen0d0
_
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
t
0
_
2 cos
2
0 + 3 cos
4
0
sen0d0
_
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
2 cos 0 +
1
3
cos
3
0
3
5
cos
5
0
_
t
0
_
=
2a
5
15
_

26
15
_
=
_
t
0
_
a
5
3
_
1cos
2
0
_
3/2
+
a
5
5
_
1cos
2
0
_
5/2
+
1
3
a
2
_
a
2
_
3/2
1
5
_
a
2
_
5/2
_
d0
=
_
t
0
_
a
5
3
sen
3
0 +
a
5
5
sen
5
0 +
1
3
a
5
1
5
a
5
_
d0
=
a
5
15
_
t
0
_
3 sen
5
0 5 sen
3
0 + 2
d0
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
t
0
_
3 sen
4
0 5 sen
2
0
sen0d0
_
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
t
0
_
3
_
1 cos
2
0
_
2
5 (1 cos 0)
_
sen0d0
_
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
t
0
_
3
_
1 2 cos
2
0 + cos
4
0
_
5
_
1 cos
2
0
_
sen0d0
_
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
t
0
_
2 cos
2
0 + 3 cos
4
0
sen0d0
_
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
2 cos 0 +
1
3
cos
3
0
3
5
cos
5
0
_
t
0
_
=
2a
5
15
_

26
15
_
=
_
t
0
_
a
5
3
_
1cos
2
0
_
3/2
+
a
5
5
_
1cos
2
0
_
5/2
+
1
3
a
2
_
a
2
_
3/2
1
5
_
a
2
_
5/2
_
d0
=
_
t
0
_
a
5
3
sen
3
0 +
a
5
5
sen
5
0 +
1
3
a
5
1
5
a
5
_
d0
=
a
5
15
_
t
0
_
3 sen
5
0 5 sen
3
0 + 2
d0
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
t
0
_
3 sen
4
0 5 sen
2
0
sen0d0
_
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
t
0
_
3
_
1 cos
2
0
_
2
5 (1 cos 0)
_
sen0d0
_
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
t
0
_
3
_
1 2 cos
2
0 + cos
4
0
_
5
_
1 cos
2
0
_
sen0d0
_
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
t
0
_
2 cos
2
0 + 3 cos
4
0
sen0d0
_
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
2 cos 0 +
1
3
cos
3
0
3
5
cos
5
0
_
t
0
_
=
2a
5
15
_

26
15
_
=
_
t
0
_
a
5
3
_
1cos
2
0
_
3/2
+
a
5
5
_
1cos
2
0
_
5/2
+
1
3
a
2
_
a
2
_
3/2
1
5
_
a
2
_
5/2
_
d0
=
_
t
0
_
a
5
3
sen
3
0 +
a
5
5
sen
5
0 +
1
3
a
5
1
5
a
5
_
d0
=
a
5
15
_
t
0
_
3 sen
5
0 5 sen
3
0 + 2
d0
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
t
0
_
3 sen
4
0 5 sen
2
0
sen0d0
_
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
t
0
_
3
_
1 cos
2
0
_
2
5 (1 cos 0)
_
sen0d0
_
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
t
0
_
3
_
1 2 cos
2
0 + cos
4
0
_
5
_
1 cos
2
0
_
sen0d0
_
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
t
0
_
2 cos
2
0 + 3 cos
4
0
sen0d0
_
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
2 cos 0 +
1
3
cos
3
0
3
5
cos
5
0
_
t
0
_
=
2a
5
15
_

26
15
_
=
_
t
0
_
a
5
3
_
1cos
2
0
_
3/2
+
a
5
5
_
1cos
2
0
_
5/2
+
1
3
a
2
_
a
2
_
3/2
1
5
_
a
2
_
5/2
_
d0
=
_
t
0
_
a
5
3
sen
3
0 +
a
5
5
sen
5
0 +
1
3
a
5
1
5
a
5
_
d0
=
a
5
15
_
t
0
_
3 sen
5
0 5 sen
3
0 + 2
d0
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
t
0
_
3 sen
4
0 5 sen
2
0
sen0d0
_
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
t
0
_
3
_
1 cos
2
0
_
2
5 (1 cos 0)
_
sen0d0
_
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
t
0
_
3
_
1 2 cos
2
0 + cos
4
0
_
5
_
1 cos
2
0
_
sen0d0
_
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
t
0
_
2 cos
2
0 + 3 cos
4
0
sen0d0
_
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
2 cos 0 +
1
3
cos
3
0
3
5
cos
5
0
_
t
0
_
=
2a
5
15
_

26
15
_
=
_
t
0
_
a
5
3
_
1cos
2
0
_
3/2
+
a
5
5
_
1cos
2
0
_
5/2
+
1
3
a
2
_
a
2
_
3/2
1
5
_
a
2
_
5/2
_
d0
=
_
t
0
_
a
5
3
sen
3
0 +
a
5
5
sen
5
0 +
1
3
a
5
1
5
a
5
_
d0
=
a
5
15
_
t
0
_
3 sen
5
0 5 sen
3
0 + 2
d0
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
t
0
_
3 sen
4
0 5 sen
2
0
sen0d0
_
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
t
0
_
3
_
1 cos
2
0
_
2
5 (1 cos 0)
_
sen0d0
_
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
t
0
_
3
_
1 2 cos
2
0 + cos
4
0
_
5
_
1 cos
2
0
_
sen0d0
_
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
t
0
_
2 cos
2
0 + 3 cos
4
0
sen0d0
_
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
2 cos 0 +
1
3
cos
3
0
3
5
cos
5
0
_
t
0
_
=
2a
5
15
_

26
15
_
=
_
t
0
_
a
5
3
_
1cos
2
0
_
3/2
+
a
5
5
_
1cos
2
0
_
5/2
+
1
3
a
2
_
a
2
_
3/2
1
5
_
a
2
_
5/2
_
d0
=
_
t
0
_
a
5
3
sen
3
0 +
a
5
5
sen
5
0 +
1
3
a
5
1
5
a
5
_
d0
=
a
5
15
_
t
0
_
3 sen
5
0 5 sen
3
0 + 2
d0
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
t
0
_
3 sen
4
0 5 sen
2
0
sen0d0
_
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
t
0
_
3
_
1 cos
2
0
_
2
5 (1 cos 0)
_
sen0d0
_
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
t
0
_
3
_
1 2 cos
2
0 + cos
4
0
_
5
_
1 cos
2
0
_
sen0d0
_
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
t
0
_
2 cos
2
0 + 3 cos
4
0
sen0d0
_
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
2 cos 0 +
1
3
cos
3
0
3
5
cos
5
0
_
t
0
_
=
2a
5
15
_

26
15
_
=
_
t
0
_
a
5
3
_
1cos
2
0
_
3/2
+
a
5
5
_
1cos
2
0
_
5/2
+
1
3
a
2
_
a
2
_
3/2
1
5
_
a
2
_
5/2
_
d0
=
_
t
0
_
a
5
3
sen
3
0 +
a
5
5
sen
5
0 +
1
3
a
5
1
5
a
5
_
d0
=
a
5
15
_
t
0
_
3 sen
5
0 5 sen
3
0 + 2
d0
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
t
0
_
3 sen
4
0 5 sen
2
0
sen0d0
_
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
t
0
_
3
_
1 cos
2
0
_
2
5 (1 cos 0)
_
sen0d0
_
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
t
0
_
3
_
1 2 cos
2
0 + cos
4
0
_
5
_
1 cos
2
0
_
sen0d0
_
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
t
0
_
2 cos
2
0 + 3 cos
4
0
sen0d0
_
=
a
5
15
_
2 +
_
2 cos 0 +
1
3
cos
3
0
3
5
cos
5
0
_
t
0
_
=
2a
5
15
_

26
15
_
Coordenadas esfricas
_
_
_
r = j senccos 0
j = j sencsen0
. = j cos c
j 1
_ [0, ) , 0 1
0
_ [0, 2] , c 1
_ [0, ]
\
I|
- (j) (j
I
c) (j
I
senc
|
0)
J (j, 0, c) = j
2
senc
___
1
1 (r, j, .) d\ =
___
J
G(j, 0, c) j
2
sencdj d0 dc.
_
_
_
r = j senccos 0
j = j sencsen0
. = j cos c
j 1
_ [0, ) , 0 1
0
_ [0, 2] , c 1
_ [0, ]
\
I|
- (j) (j
I
c) (j
I
senc
|
0)
J (j, 0, c) = j
2
senc
___
1
1 (r, j, .) d\ =
___
J
G(j, 0, c) j
2
sencdj d0 dc.
_
_
_
r = j senccos 0
j = j sencsen0
. = j cos c
j 1
_ [0, ) , 0 1
0
_ [0, 2] , c 1
_ [0, ]
\
I|
- (j) (j
I
c) (j
I
senc
|
0)
J (j, 0, c) = j
2
senc
___
1
1 (r, j, .) d\ =
___
J
G(j, 0, c) j
2
sencdj d0 dc.
_
_
_
r = j senccos 0
j = j sencsen0
. = j cos c
j 1
_ [0, ) , 0 1
0
_ [0, 2] , c 1
_ [0, ]
\
I|
- (j) (j
I
c) (j
I
senc
|
0)
J (j, 0, c) = j
2
senc
___
1
1 (r, j, .) d\ =
___
J
G(j, 0, c) j
2
sencdj d0 dc.
Ejemplos
Ejemplo. Determine el volumen y el
centroide del cono de helado C que
est acotado por el cono c = ,6 y
por la esfera j = 2a cos c.
\ =
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
_
2o cos
0
j
2
senc dj dc d0
=
8
3
a
3
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
cos
3
csenc dc d0
=
8
3
a
3
_
2t
0
_
1
4
cos
4
c
_
t/6
0
d0 =
8
12
a
3
_
_
1
_
_
3
2
_
4
_
_
_
2t
0
d0
=
8
12
a
3
_
1
9
16
_
[2] =
7
12
a
3
Ejemplos
\ =
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
_
2o cos
0
j
2
senc dj dc d0
=
8
3
a
3
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
cos
3
csenc dc d0
=
8
3
a
3
_
2t
0
_
1
4
cos
4
c
_
t/6
0
d0 =
8
12
a
3
_
_
1
_
_
3
2
_
4
_
_
_
2t
0
d0
=
8
12
a
3
_
1
9
16
_
[2] =
7
12
a
3
Ejemplos
\ =
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
_
2o cos
0
j
2
senc dj dc d0
=
8
3
a
3
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
cos
3
csenc dc d0
=
8
3
a
3
_
2t
0
_
1
4
cos
4
c
_
t/6
0
d0 =
8
12
a
3
_
_
1
_
_
3
2
_
4
_
_
_
2t
0
d0
=
8
12
a
3
_
1
9
16
_
[2] =
7
12
a
3
Ejemplos
\ =
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
_
2o cos
0
j
2
senc dj dc d0
=
8
3
a
3
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
cos
3
csenc dc d0
=
8
3
a
3
_
2t
0
_
1
4
cos
4
c
_
t/6
0
d0 =
8
12
a
3
_
_
1
_
_
3
2
_
4
_
_
_
2t
0
d0
=
8
12
a
3
_
1
9
16
_
[2] =
7
12
a
3
Ejemplos
\ =
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
_
2o cos
0
j
2
senc dj dc d0
=
8
3
a
3
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
cos
3
csenc dc d0
=
8
3
a
3
_
2t
0
_
1
4
cos
4
c
_
t/6
0
d0
=
8
12
a
3
_
_
1
_
_
3
2
_
4
_
_
_
2t
0
d0
=
8
12
a
3
_
1
9
16
_
[2] =
7
12
a
3
Ejemplos
\ =
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
_
2o cos
0
j
2
senc dj dc d0
=
8
3
a
3
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
cos
3
csenc dc d0
=
8
3
a
3
_
2t
0
_
1
4
cos
4
c
_
t/6
0
d0 =
8
12
a
3
_
_
1
_
_
3
2
_
4
_
_
_
2t
0
d0
=
8
12
a
3
_
1
9
16
_
[2] =
7
12
a
3
Ejemplos
\ =
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
_
2o cos
0
j
2
senc dj dc d0
=
8
3
a
3
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
cos
3
csenc dc d0
=
8
3
a
3
_
2t
0
_
1
4
cos
4
c
_
t/6
0
d0 =
8
12
a
3
_
_
1
_
_
3
2
_
4
_
_
_
2t
0
d0
=
8
12
a
3
_
1
9
16
_
[2]
=
7
12
a
3
Ejemplos
\ =
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
_
2o cos
0
j
2
senc dj dc d0
=
8
3
a
3
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
cos
3
csenc dc d0
=
8
3
a
3
_
2t
0
_
1
4
cos
4
c
_
t/6
0
d0 =
8
12
a
3
_
_
1
_
_
3
2
_
4
_
_
_
2t
0
d0
=
8
12
a
3
_
1
9
16
_
[2] =
7
12
a
3
r = j = 0,
. =
1
\
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
_
2o cos
0
(j cos c) j
2
senc dj dc d0
=
12
7a
3
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
_
2o cos
0
j
3
cos csenc dj dc d0
=
12
7a
3
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
_
1
4
j
4
_
2o cos
0
cos csenc dc d0
=
12 + 4a
4
7a
3
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
cos
5
csenc dc d0
=
48a
4
7a
3
_
2t
0
_
1
6
cos
6
c
_
t/6
0
d0 =
8a
4
7a
3
_
_
1
_
_
3
2
_
6
_
_
_
2t
0
d0
=
8a
4
7a
3
_
1
27
64
_
2 =
37
28
a
r = j = 0,
. =
1
\
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
_
2o cos
0
(j cos c) j
2
senc dj dc d0
=
12
7a
3
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
_
2o cos
0
j
3
cos csenc dj dc d0
=
12
7a
3
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
_
1
4
j
4
_
2o cos
0
cos csenc dc d0
=
12 + 4a
4
7a
3
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
cos
5
csenc dc d0
=
48a
4
7a
3
_
2t
0
_
1
6
cos
6
c
_
t/6
0
d0 =
8a
4
7a
3
_
_
1
_
_
3
2
_
6
_
_
_
2t
0
d0
=
8a
4
7a
3
_
1
27
64
_
2 =
37
28
a
r = j = 0,
. =
1
\
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
_
2o cos
0
(j cos c) j
2
senc dj dc d0
=
12
7a
3
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
_
2o cos
0
j
3
cos csenc dj dc d0
=
12
7a
3
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
_
1
4
j
4
_
2o cos
0
cos csenc dc d0
=
12 + 4a
4
7a
3
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
cos
5
csenc dc d0
=
48a
4
7a
3
_
2t
0
_
1
6
cos
6
c
_
t/6
0
d0 =
8a
4
7a
3
_
_
1
_
_
3
2
_
6
_
_
_
2t
0
d0
=
8a
4
7a
3
_
1
27
64
_
2 =
37
28
a
r = j = 0,
. =
1
\
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
_
2o cos
0
(j cos c) j
2
senc dj dc d0
=
12
7a
3
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
_
2o cos
0
j
3
cos csenc dj dc d0
=
12
7a
3
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
_
1
4
j
4
_
2o cos
0
cos csenc dc d0
=
12 + 4a
4
7a
3
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
cos
5
csenc dc d0
=
48a
4
7a
3
_
2t
0
_
1
6
cos
6
c
_
t/6
0
d0 =
8a
4
7a
3
_
_
1
_
_
3
2
_
6
_
_
_
2t
0
d0
=
8a
4
7a
3
_
1
27
64
_
2 =
37
28
a
r = j = 0,
. =
1
\
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
_
2o cos
0
(j cos c) j
2
senc dj dc d0
=
12
7a
3
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
_
2o cos
0
j
3
cos csenc dj dc d0
=
12
7a
3
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
_
1
4
j
4
_
2o cos
0
cos csenc dc d0
=
12 + 4a
4
7a
3
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
cos
5
csenc dc d0
=
48a
4
7a
3
_
2t
0
_
1
6
cos
6
c
_
t/6
0
d0 =
8a
4
7a
3
_
_
1
_
_
3
2
_
6
_
_
_
2t
0
d0
=
8a
4
7a
3
_
1
27
64
_
2 =
37
28
a
r = j = 0,
. =
1
\
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
_
2o cos
0
(j cos c) j
2
senc dj dc d0
=
12
7a
3
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
_
2o cos
0
j
3
cos csenc dj dc d0
=
12
7a
3
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
_
1
4
j
4
_
2o cos
0
cos csenc dc d0
=
12 + 4a
4
7a
3
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
cos
5
csenc dc d0
=
48a
4
7a
3
_
2t
0
_
1
6
cos
6
c
_
t/6
0
d0
=
8a
4
7a
3
_
_
1
_
_
3
2
_
6
_
_
_
2t
0
d0
=
8a
4
7a
3
_
1
27
64
_
2 =
37
28
a
r = j = 0,
. =
1
\
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
_
2o cos
0
(j cos c) j
2
senc dj dc d0
=
12
7a
3
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
_
2o cos
0
j
3
cos csenc dj dc d0
=
12
7a
3
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
_
1
4
j
4
_
2o cos
0
cos csenc dc d0
=
12 + 4a
4
7a
3
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
cos
5
csenc dc d0
=
48a
4
7a
3
_
2t
0
_
1
6
cos
6
c
_
t/6
0
d0 =
8a
4
7a
3
_
_
1
_
_
3
2
_
6
_
_
_
2t
0
d0
=
8a
4
7a
3
_
1
27
64
_
2 =
37
28
a
r = j = 0,
. =
1
\
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
_
2o cos
0
(j cos c) j
2
senc dj dc d0
=
12
7a
3
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
_
2o cos
0
j
3
cos csenc dj dc d0
=
12
7a
3
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
_
1
4
j
4
_
2o cos
0
cos csenc dc d0
=
12 + 4a
4
7a
3
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
cos
5
csenc dc d0
=
48a
4
7a
3
_
2t
0
_
1
6
cos
6
c
_
t/6
0
d0 =
8a
4
7a
3
_
_
1
_
_
3
2
_
6
_
_
_
2t
0
d0
=
8a
4
7a
3
_
1
27
64
_
2
=
37
28
a
r = j = 0,
. =
1
\
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
_
2o cos
0
(j cos c) j
2
senc dj dc d0
=
12
7a
3
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
_
2o cos
0
j
3
cos csenc dj dc d0
=
12
7a
3
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
_
1
4
j
4
_
2o cos
0
cos csenc dc d0
=
12 + 4a
4
7a
3
_
2t
0
_
t/6
0
cos
5
csenc dc d0
=
48a
4
7a
3
_
2t
0
_
1
6
cos
6
c
_
t/6
0
d0 =
8a
4
7a
3
_
_
1
_
_
3
2
_
6
_
_
_
2t
0
d0
=
8a
4
7a
3
_
1
27
64
_
2 =
37
28
a
Ejemplo. Halle la masa de una esfera de radio 1 si la densidad en cada punto
es inversamente proporcional a su distancia desde el centro de la esfera.
(Esto es c (j, c, 0) = /,j).
: =
_
2t
0
_
t
0
_
1
0
/
j
j
2
senc dj dc d0
= 2/
_
t
0
_
1
0
j senc dj dc
= /1
2
_
t
0
senc dc = /1
2
[cos c]
t
0
= 2/1
2
.
densidad nita aunque en el centro es innita
Cul es el centro de masa?
(Esto es c (j, c, 0) = /,j).
: =
_
2t
0
_
t
0
_
1
0
/
j
j
2
senc dj dc d0
= 2/
_
t
0
_
1
0
j senc dj dc
= /1
2
_
t
0
senc dc = /1
2
[cos c]
t
0
= 2/1
2
.
(Esto es c (j, c, 0) = /,j).
: =
_
2t
0
_
t
0
_
1
0
/
j
j
2
senc dj dc d0
= 2/
_
t
0
_
1
0
j senc dj dc
= /1
2
_
t
0
senc dc = /1
2
[cos c]
t
0
= 2/1
2
.
(Esto es c (j, c, 0) = /,j).
: =
_
2t
0
_
t
0
_
1
0
/
j
j
2
senc dj dc d0
= 2/
_
t
0
_
1
0
j senc dj dc
= /1
2
_
t
0
senc dc
= /1
2
[cos c]
t
0
= 2/1
2
.
(Esto es c (j, c, 0) = /,j).
: =
_
2t
0
_
t
0
_
1
0
/
j
j
2
senc dj dc d0
= 2/
_
t
0
_
1
0
j senc dj dc
= /1
2
_
t
0
senc dc = /1
2
[cos c]
t
0
= 2/1
2
.
(Esto es c (j, c, 0) = /,j).
: =
_
2t
0
_
t
0
_
1
0
/
j
j
2
senc dj dc d0
= 2/
_
t
0
_
1
0
j senc dj dc
= /1
2
_
t
0
senc dc = /1
2
[cos c]
t
0
= 2/1
2
.
(Esto es c (j, c, 0) = /,j).
: =
_
2t
0
_
t
0
_
1
0
/
j
j
2
senc dj dc d0
= 2/
_
t
0
_
1
0
j senc dj dc
= /1
2
_
t
0
senc dc = /1
2
[cos c]
t
0
= 2/1
2
.
(Esto es c (j, c, 0) = /,j).
: =
_
2t
0
_
t
0
_
1
0
/
j
j
2
senc dj dc d0
= 2/
_
t
0
_
1
0
j senc dj dc
= /1
2
_
t
0
senc dc = /1
2
[cos c]
t
0
= 2/1
2
.
Ejemplo. Hllese el volumen del cono seccionado en la esfera j = a por el
cono c = ,.
\ =
_
2t
0
_
o
0
_
o
0
j
2
senc dj dc d0
= 2 [cos c]
o
0
_
j
3
3
_
o
0
=
2
3
a
3
(1 cos ,) .
cono c = ,.
\ =
_
2t
0
_
o
0
_
o
0
j
2
senc dj dc d0
= 2 [cos c]
o
0
_
j
3
3
_
o
0
=
2
3
a
3
(1 cos ,) .
cono c = ,.
\ =
_
2t
0
_
o
0
_
o
0
j
2
senc dj dc d0
= 2 [cos c]
o
0
_
j
3
3
_
o
0
=
2
3
a
3
(1 cos ,) .
cono c = ,.
\ =
_
2t
0
_
o
0
_
o
0
j
2
senc dj dc d0
= 2 [cos c]
o
0
_
j
3
3
_
o
0
=
2
3
a
3
(1 cos ,) .
cono c = ,.
\ =
_
2t
0
_
o
0
_
o
0
j
2
senc dj dc d0
= 2 [cos c]
o
0
_
j
3
3
_
o
0
=
2
3
a
3
(1 cos ,) .
Ejemplo. Describa la supercie j = 2a senc y calcule el volumen de la regin
que acota.
\ =
_
2t
0
_
t
0
_
2o sen
0
j
2
senc dj dc d0
= 2
_
t
0
_
j
3
3
_
2o sen
0
senc dc =
16a
3
3
_
t
0
sen
4
c dc
=
32a
3
3
_
t/2
0
sen
4
c dc =
32a
3
3
_
1
2

3
4

2
_
= 2a
3
2
.
que acota.
\ =
_
2t
0
_
t
0
_
2o sen
0
j
2
senc dj dc d0
= 2
_
t
0
_
j
3
3
_
2o sen
0
senc dc =
16a
3
3
_
t
0
sen
4
c dc
=
32a
3
3
_
t/2
0
sen
4
c dc =
32a
3
3
_
1
2

3
4

2
_
= 2a
3
2
.
que acota.
\ =
_
2t
0
_
t
0
_
2o sen
0
j
2
senc dj dc d0
= 2
_
t
0
_
j
3
3
_
2o sen
0
senc dc =
16a
3
3
_
t
0
sen
4
c dc
=
32a
3
3
_
t/2
0
sen
4
c dc =
32a
3
3
_
1
2

3
4

2
_
= 2a
3
2
.
que acota.
\ =
_
2t
0
_
t
0
_
2o sen
0
j
2
senc dj dc d0
= 2
_
t
0
_
j
3
3
_
2o sen
0
senc dc
=
16a
3
3
_
t
0
sen
4
c dc
=
32a
3
3
_
t/2
0
sen
4
c dc =
32a
3
3
_
1
2

3
4

2
_
= 2a
3
2
.
que acota.
\ =
_
2t
0
_
t
0
_
2o sen
0
j
2
senc dj dc d0
= 2
_
t
0
_
j
3
3
_
2o sen
0
senc dc =
16a
3
3
_
t
0
sen
4
c dc
=
32a
3
3
_
t/2
0
sen
4
c dc =
32a
3
3
_
1
2

3
4

2
_
= 2a
3
2
.
que acota.
\ =
_
2t
0
_
t
0
_
2o sen
0
j
2
senc dj dc d0
= 2
_
t
0
_
j
3
3
_
2o sen
0
senc dc =
16a
3
3
_
t
0
sen
4
c dc
=
32a
3
3
_
t/2
0
sen
4
c dc
=
32a
3
3
_
1
2

3
4

2
_
= 2a
3
2
.
que acota.
\ =
_
2t
0
_
t
0
_
2o sen
0
j
2
senc dj dc d0
= 2
_
t
0
_
j
3
3
_
2o sen
0
senc dc =
16a
3
3
_
t
0
sen
4
c dc
=
32a
3
3
_
t/2
0
sen
4
c dc =
32a
3
3
_
1
2

3
4

2
_
= 2a
3
2
.
que acota.
\ =
_
2t
0
_
t
0
_
2o sen
0
j
2
senc dj dc d0
= 2
_
t
0
_
j
3
3
_
2o sen
0
senc dc =
16a
3
3
_
t
0
sen
4
c dc
=
32a
3
3
_
t/2
0
sen
4
c dc =
32a
3
3
_
1
2

3
4

2
_
= 2a
3
2
.
rea de supercie
n = r ^{ + )
r
(r
I
, j
) r
^
k
= j ^ | + )
(r
I
, j
) j
^
k
n =
^{ ^ |
^
k
r 0 )
r
(r
I
, j
) r
0 j )
(r
I
, j
) j
=
_
)
r
(r
I
, j
)^{ )
(r
I
, j
) ^ | +
^
k
_
rj
T
I
= |n | =
_
[)
r
(r
I
, j
)]
2
+ [)
(r
I
, j
)]
2
+ 1
(o) = lm
n,n!1
n
=1
n
I=1
T
I
=
__
1
_
[)
r
(r, j)]
2
+ [)
(r, j)]
2
+ 1 d
rea de supercie
n = r ^{ + )
r
(r
I
, j
) r
^
k
= j ^ | + )
(r
I
, j
) j
^
k
n =
^{ ^ |
^
k
r 0 )
r
(r
I
, j
) r
0 j )
(r
I
, j
) j
=
_
)
r
(r
I
, j
)^{ )
(r
I
, j
) ^ | +
^
k
_
rj
T
I
= |n | =
_
[)
r
(r
I
, j
)]
2
+ [)
(r
I
, j
)]
2
+ 1
(o) = lm
n,n!1
n
=1
n
I=1
T
I
=
__
1
_
[)
r
(r, j)]
2
+ [)
(r, j)]
2
+ 1 d
rea de supercie
n = r ^{ + )
r
(r
I
, j
) r
^
k
= j ^ | + )
(r
I
, j
) j
^
k
n =
^{ ^ |
^
k
r 0 )
r
(r
I
, j
) r
0 j )
(r
I
, j
) j
=
_
)
r
(r
I
, j
)^{ )
(r
I
, j
) ^ | +
^
k
_
rj
T
I
= |n | =
_
[)
r
(r
I
, j
)]
2
+ [)
(r
I
, j
)]
2
+ 1
(o) = lm
n,n!1
n
=1
n
I=1
T
I
=
__
1
_
[)
r
(r, j)]
2
+ [)
(r, j)]
2
+ 1 d
rea de supercie
n = r ^{ + )
r
(r
I
, j
) r
^
k
= j ^ | + )
(r
I
, j
) j
^
k
n =
^{ ^ |
^
k
r 0 )
r
(r
I
, j
) r
0 j )
(r
I
, j
) j
=
_
)
r
(r
I
, j
)^{ )
(r
I
, j
) ^ | +
^
k
_
rj
T
I
= |n | =
_
[)
r
(r
I
, j
)]
2
+ [)
(r
I
, j
)]
2
+ 1
(o) = lm
n,n!1
n
=1
n
I=1
T
I
=
__
1
_
[)
r
(r, j)]
2
+ [)
(r, j)]
2
+ 1 d
rea de supercie
n = r ^{ + )
r
(r
I
, j
) r
^
k
= j ^ | + )
(r
I
, j
) j
^
k
n =
^{ ^ |
^
k
r 0 )
r
(r
I
, j
) r
0 j )
(r
I
, j
) j
=
_
)
r
(r
I
, j
)^{ )
(r
I
, j
) ^ | +
^
k
_
rj
T
I
= |n |
=
_
[)
r
(r
I
, j
)]
2
+ [)
(r
I
, j
)]
2
+ 1
(o) = lm
n,n!1
n
=1
n
I=1
T
I
=
__
1
_
[)
r
(r, j)]
2
+ [)
(r, j)]
2
+ 1 d
rea de supercie
n = r ^{ + )
r
(r
I
, j
) r
^
k
= j ^ | + )
(r
I
, j
) j
^
k
n =
^{ ^ |
^
k
r 0 )
r
(r
I
, j
) r
0 j )
(r
I
, j
) j
=
_
)
r
(r
I
, j
)^{ )
(r
I
, j
) ^ | +
^
k
_
rj
T
I
= |n | =
_
[)
r
(r
I
, j
)]
2
+ [)
(r
I
, j
)]
2
+ 1
(o) = lm
n,n!1
n
=1
n
I=1
T
I
=
__
1
_
[)
r
(r, j)]
2
+ [)
(r, j)]
2
+ 1 d
rea de supercie
n = r ^{ + )
r
(r
I
, j
) r
^
k
= j ^ | + )
(r
I
, j
) j
^
k
n =
^{ ^ |
^
k
r 0 )
r
(r
I
, j
) r
0 j )
(r
I
, j
) j
=
_
)
r
(r
I
, j
)^{ )
(r
I
, j
) ^ | +
^
k
_
rj
T
I
= |n | =
_
[)
r
(r
I
, j
)]
2
+ [)
(r
I
, j
)]
2
+ 1
(o) = lm
n,n!1
n
=1
n
I=1
T
I
=
__
1
_
[)
r
(r, j)]
2
+ [)
(r, j)]
2
+ 1 d
rea de supercie
n = r ^{ + )
r
(r
I
, j
) r
^
k
= j ^ | + )
(r
I
, j
) j
^
k
n =
^{ ^ |
^
k
r 0 )
r
(r
I
, j
) r
0 j )
(r
I
, j
) j
=
_
)
r
(r
I
, j
)^{ )
(r
I
, j
) ^ | +
^
k
_
rj
T
I
= |n | =
_
[)
r
(r
I
, j
)]
2
+ [)
(r
I
, j
)]
2
+ 1
(o) = lm
n,n!1
n
=1
n
I=1
T
I
=
__
1
_
[)
r
(r, j)]
2
+ [)
(r, j)]
2
+ 1 d
Ejemplos
Ejemplo. Determine el rea de la elipse
obtenida de la interseccin del plano
. = 2r + 2j + 1 con el cilindro r
2
+ j
2
= 1.
(o) =
__
1
_
[0
r
.]
2
+ [0
.]
2
+ 1d
=
__
1
_
[2]
2
+ [2]
2
+ 1d
=
__
1
3d =
__
1
3r dr d0
=
_
2t
0
_
1
0
3r dr d0
= 3 [0]
2t
0
_
r
2
2
_
1
0
= 3 2
1
2
= 3.
Ejemplos
2
+ j
2
= 1.
(o) =
__
1
_
[0
r
.]
2
+ [0
.]
2
+ 1d
=
__
1
_
[2]
2
+ [2]
2
+ 1d
=
__
1
3d =
__
1
3r dr d0
=
_
2t
0
_
1
0
3r dr d0
= 3 [0]
2t
0
_
r
2
2
_
1
0
= 3 2
1
2
= 3.
Ejemplos
2
+ j
2
= 1.
(o) =
__
1
_
[0
r
.]
2
+ [0
.]
2
+ 1d
=
__
1
_
[2]
2
+ [2]
2
+ 1d
=
__
1
3d =
__
1
3r dr d0
=
_
2t
0
_
1
0
3r dr d0
= 3 [0]
2t
0
_
r
2
2
_
1
0
= 3 2
1
2
= 3.
Ejemplos
2
+ j
2
= 1.
(o) =
__
1
_
[0
r
.]
2
+ [0
.]
2
+ 1d
=
__
1
_
[2]
2
+ [2]
2
+ 1d
=
__
1
3d =
__
1
3r dr d0
=
_
2t
0
_
1
0
3r dr d0
= 3 [0]
2t
0
_
r
2
2
_
1
0
= 3 2
1
2
= 3.
Ejemplos
2
+ j
2
= 1.
(o) =
__
1
_
[0
r
.]
2
+ [0
.]
2
+ 1d
=
__
1
_
[2]
2
+ [2]
2
+ 1d
=
__
1
3d =
__
1
3r dr d0
=
_
2t
0
_
1
0
3r dr d0
= 3 [0]
2t
0
_
r
2
2
_
1
0
= 3 2
1
2
= 3.
Ejemplos
2
+ j
2
= 1.
(o) =
__
1
_
[0
r
.]
2
+ [0
.]
2
+ 1d
=
__
1
_
[2]
2
+ [2]
2
+ 1d
=
__
1
3d =
__
1
3r dr d0
=
_
2t
0
_
1
0
3r dr d0
= 3 [0]
2t
0
_
r
2
2
_
1
0
= 3 2
1
2
= 3.
Ejemplo. Determine el rea de la
supercie en el hemisferio superior de
la esfera r
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= 2 cortado por
el cilindro r
2
+ j
2
= 1.
. =
_
2 r
2
j
2
;
0
r
. =
r
_
2 r
2
j
2
,
0
. =
j
_
2 r
2
j
2
.
(o) =
__
1
_
_
r
_
2r
2
2
_
2
+
_

_
2r
2
2
_
2
+ 1d
=
__
1
_
r
2
+
2
+
(
2r
2
2
)
2r
2
2
d =
__
1
_
2
2 (r
2
+ j
2
)
d
=
_
2t
0
_
1
0
_
2
_
2 r
2
r dr d0 =
_
2 [0]
2t
0
_
_
2 r
2
_
1/2
_
1
0
= 2
_
2
_
_
2 1
_
= 2
_
2
_
2
_
.
la esfera r
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= 2 cortado por
el cilindro r
2
+ j
2
= 1.
. =
_
2 r
2
j
2
;
0
r
. =
r
_
2 r
2
j
2
,
0
. =
j
_
2 r
2
j
2
.
(o) =
__
1
_
_
r
_
2r
2
2
_
2
+
_

_
2r
2
2
_
2
+ 1d
=
__
1
_
r
2
+
2
+
(
2r
2
2
)
2r
2
2
d =
__
1
_
2
2 (r
2
+ j
2
)
d
=
_
2t
0
_
1
0
_
2
_
2 r
2
r dr d0 =
_
2 [0]
2t
0
_
_
2 r
2
_
1/2
_
1
0
= 2
_
2
_
_
2 1
_
= 2
_
2
_
2
_
.
la esfera r
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= 2 cortado por
el cilindro r
2
+ j
2
= 1.
. =
_
2 r
2
j
2
;
0
r
. =
r
_
2 r
2
j
2
,
0
. =
j
_
2 r
2
j
2
.
(o) =
__
1
_
_
r
_
2r
2
2
_
2
+
_

_
2r
2
2
_
2
+ 1d
=
__
1
_
r
2
+
2
+
(
2r
2
2
)
2r
2
2
d =
__
1
_
2
2 (r
2
+ j
2
)
d
=
_
2t
0
_
1
0
_
2
_
2 r
2
r dr d0 =
_
2 [0]
2t
0
_
_
2 r
2
_
1/2
_
1
0
= 2
_
2
_
_
2 1
_
= 2
_
2
_
2
_
.
la esfera r
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= 2 cortado por
el cilindro r
2
+ j
2
= 1.
. =
_
2 r
2
j
2
;
0
r
. =
r
_
2 r
2
j
2
,
0
. =
j
_
2 r
2
j
2
.
(o) =
__
1
_
_
r
_
2r
2
2
_
2
+
_

_
2r
2
2
_
2
+ 1d
=
__
1
_
r
2
+
2
+
(
2r
2
2
)
2r
2
2
d =
__
1
_
2
2 (r
2
+ j
2
)
d
=
_
2t
0
_
1
0
_
2
_
2 r
2
r dr d0 =
_
2 [0]
2t
0
_
_
2 r
2
_
1/2
_
1
0
= 2
_
2
_
_
2 1
_
= 2
_
2
_
2
_
.
la esfera r
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= 2 cortado por
el cilindro r
2
+ j
2
= 1.
. =
_
2 r
2
j
2
;
0
r
. =
r
_
2 r
2
j
2
,
0
. =
j
_
2 r
2
j
2
.
(o) =
__
1
_
_
r
_
2r
2
2
_
2
+
_

_
2r
2
2
_
2
+ 1d
=
__
1
_
r
2
+
2
+
(
2r
2
2
)
2r
2
2
d =
__
1
_
2
2 (r
2
+ j
2
)
d
=
_
2t
0
_
1
0
_
2
_
2 r
2
r dr d0 =
_
2 [0]
2t
0
_
_
2 r
2
_
1/2
_
1
0
= 2
_
2
_
_
2 1
_
= 2
_
2
_
2
_
.
la esfera r
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= 2 cortado por
el cilindro r
2
+ j
2
= 1.
. =
_
2 r
2
j
2
;
0
r
. =
r
_
2 r
2
j
2
,
0
. =
j
_
2 r
2
j
2
.
(o) =
__
1
_
_
r
_
2r
2
2
_
2
+
_

_
2r
2
2
_
2
+ 1d
=
__
1
_
r
2
+
2
+
(
2r
2
2
)
2r
2
2
d
=
__
1
_
2
2 (r
2
+ j
2
)
d
=
_
2t
0
_
1
0
_
2
_
2 r
2
r dr d0 =
_
2 [0]
2t
0
_
_
2 r
2
_
1/2
_
1
0
= 2
_
2
_
_
2 1
_
= 2
_
2
_
2
_
.
la esfera r
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= 2 cortado por
el cilindro r
2
+ j
2
= 1.
. =
_
2 r
2
j
2
;
0
r
. =
r
_
2 r
2
j
2
,
0
. =
j
_
2 r
2
j
2
.
(o) =
__
1
_
_
r
_
2r
2
2
_
2
+
_

_
2r
2
2
_
2
+ 1d
=
__
1
_
r
2
+
2
+
(
2r
2
2
)
2r
2
2
d =
__
1
_
2
2 (r
2
+ j
2
)
d
=
_
2t
0
_
1
0
_
2
_
2 r
2
r dr d0 =
_
2 [0]
2t
0
_
_
2 r
2
_
1/2
_
1
0
= 2
_
2
_
_
2 1
_
= 2
_
2
_
2
_
.
la esfera r
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= 2 cortado por
el cilindro r
2
+ j
2
= 1.
. =
_
2 r
2
j
2
;
0
r
. =
r
_
2 r
2
j
2
,
0
. =
j
_
2 r
2
j
2
.
(o) =
__
1
_
_
r
_
2r
2
2
_
2
+
_

_
2r
2
2
_
2
+ 1d
=
__
1
_
r
2
+
2
+
(
2r
2
2
)
2r
2
2
d =
__
1
_
2
2 (r
2
+ j
2
)
d
=
_
2t
0
_
1
0
_
2
_
2 r
2
r dr d0
=
_
2 [0]
2t
0
_
_
2 r
2
_
1/2
_
1
0
= 2
_
2
_
_
2 1
_
= 2
_
2
_
2
_
.
la esfera r
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= 2 cortado por
el cilindro r
2
+ j
2
= 1.
. =
_
2 r
2
j
2
;
0
r
. =
r
_
2 r
2
j
2
,
0
. =
j
_
2 r
2
j
2
.
(o) =
__
1
_
_
r
_
2r
2
2
_
2
+
_

_
2r
2
2
_
2
+ 1d
=
__
1
_
r
2
+
2
+
(
2r
2
2
)
2r
2
2
d =
__
1
_
2
2 (r
2
+ j
2
)
d
=
_
2t
0
_
1
0
_
2
_
2 r
2
r dr d0 =
_
2 [0]
2t
0
_
_
2 r
2
_
1/2
_
1
0
= 2
_
2
_
_
2 1
_
= 2
_
2
_
2
_
.
la esfera r
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= 2 cortado por
el cilindro r
2
+ j
2
= 1.
. =
_
2 r
2
j
2
;
0
r
. =
r
_
2 r
2
j
2
,
0
. =
j
_
2 r
2
j
2
.
(o) =
__
1
_
_
r
_
2r
2
2
_
2
+
_

_
2r
2
2
_
2
+ 1d
=
__
1
_
r
2
+
2
+
(
2r
2
2
)
2r
2
2
d =
__
1
_
2
2 (r
2
+ j
2
)
d
=
_
2t
0
_
1
0
_
2
_
2 r
2
r dr d0 =
_
2 [0]
2t
0
_
_
2 r
2
_
1/2
_
1
0
= 2
_
2
_
_
2 1
_
= 2
_
2
_
2
_
.
la esfera r
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= 2 cortado por
el cilindro r
2
+ j
2
= 1.
. =
_
2 r
2
j
2
;
0
r
. =
r
_
2 r
2
j
2
,
0
. =
j
_
2 r
2
j
2
.
(o) =
__
1
_
_
r
_
2r
2
2
_
2
+
_

_
2r
2
2
_
2
+ 1d
=
__
1
_
r
2
+
2
+
(
2r
2
2
)
2r
2
2
d =
__
1
_
2
2 (r
2
+ j
2
)
d
=
_
2t
0
_
1
0
_
2
_
2 r
2
r dr d0 =
_
2 [0]
2t
0
_
_
2 r
2
_
1/2
_
1
0
= 2
_
2
_
_
2 1
_
= 2
_
2
_
2
_
.
Ejemplo. Hallese el rea del paraboloide . = r
2
+ j
2
seccionado por el plano
. = 1.
(o) =
__
1
_
1 + (2r)
2
+ (2j)
2
d =
__
1
_
1 + 4 (r
2
+ j
2
)d
=
_
2t
0
_
1
0
_
1 + 4r
2
r dr d0 =

6
_
5
_
5 1
_
.
Ejemplo. Halle el rea de la parte de la supercie . =
2
3
_
r
3/2
+ j
3/2
_
que
est sobre el rectngulo [0, 3] [0, 3].
(o) =
_
3
0
_
3
0
_
1 + r + jdj dr =
_
3
0
_
2
3
(1 + r + j)
3/2
_
3
0
dr
=
2
3
_
3
0
_
(4 + r)
3/2
(1 + r)
3/2
_
dr
=
2
3

2
5
_
(4 + r)
5/2
(1 + r)
5/2
_
3
0
=
4
15
_
7
5/2
4
5/2
4
5/2
+ 1
_
=
4
15
_
7
5/2
63
_
.
2
+ j
2
. = 1.
(o) =
__
1
_
1 + (2r)
2
+ (2j)
2
d
=
__
1
_
1 + 4 (r
2
+ j
2
)d
=
_
2t
0
_
1
0
_
1 + 4r
2
r dr d0 =

6
_
5
_
5 1
_
.
2
3
_
r
3/2
+ j
3/2
_
que
(o) =
_
3
0
_
3
0
_
1 + r + jdj dr =
_
3
0
_
2
3
(1 + r + j)
3/2
_
3
0
dr
=
2
3
_
3
0
_
(4 + r)
3/2
(1 + r)
3/2
_
dr
=
2
3

2
5
_
(4 + r)
5/2
(1 + r)
5/2
_
3
0
=
4
15
_
7
5/2
4
5/2
4
5/2
+ 1
_
=
4
15
_
7
5/2
63
_
.
2
+ j
2
. = 1.
(o) =
__
1
_
1 + (2r)
2
+ (2j)
2
d =
__
1
_
1 + 4 (r
2
+ j
2
)d
=
_
2t
0
_
1
0
_
1 + 4r
2
r dr d0 =

6
_
5
_
5 1
_
.
2
3
_
r
3/2
+ j
3/2
_
que
(o) =
_
3
0
_
3
0
_
1 + r + jdj dr =
_
3
0
_
2
3
(1 + r + j)
3/2
_
3
0
dr
=
2
3
_
3
0
_
(4 + r)
3/2
(1 + r)
3/2
_
dr
=
2
3

2
5
_
(4 + r)
5/2
(1 + r)
5/2
_
3
0
=
4
15
_
7
5/2
4
5/2
4
5/2
+ 1
_
=
4
15
_
7
5/2
63
_
.
2
+ j
2
. = 1.
(o) =
__
1
_
1 + (2r)
2
+ (2j)
2
d =
__
1
_
1 + 4 (r
2
+ j
2
)d
=
_
2t
0
_
1
0
_
1 + 4r
2
r dr d0
=

6
_
5
_
5 1
_
.
2
3
_
r
3/2
+ j
3/2
_
que
(o) =
_
3
0
_
3
0
_
1 + r + jdj dr =
_
3
0
_
2
3
(1 + r + j)
3/2
_
3
0
dr
=
2
3
_
3
0
_
(4 + r)
3/2
(1 + r)
3/2
_
dr
=
2
3

2
5
_
(4 + r)
5/2
(1 + r)
5/2
_
3
0
=
4
15
_
7
5/2
4
5/2
4
5/2
+ 1
_
=
4
15
_
7
5/2
63
_
.
2
+ j
2
. = 1.
(o) =
__
1
_
1 + (2r)
2
+ (2j)
2
d =
__
1
_
1 + 4 (r
2
+ j
2
)d
=
_
2t
0
_
1
0
_
1 + 4r
2
r dr d0 =

6
_
5
_
5 1
_
.
2
3
_
r
3/2
+ j
3/2
_
que
(o) =
_
3
0
_
3
0
_
1 + r + jdj dr =
_
3
0
_
2
3
(1 + r + j)
3/2
_
3
0
dr
=
2
3
_
3
0
_
(4 + r)
3/2
(1 + r)
3/2
_
dr
=
2
3

2
5
_
(4 + r)
5/2
(1 + r)
5/2
_
3
0
=
4
15
_
7
5/2
4
5/2
4
5/2
+ 1
_
=
4
15
_
7
5/2
63
_
.
2
+ j
2
. = 1.
(o) =
__
1
_
1 + (2r)
2
+ (2j)
2
d =
__
1
_
1 + 4 (r
2
+ j
2
)d
=
_
2t
0
_
1
0
_
1 + 4r
2
r dr d0 =

6
_
5
_
5 1
_
.
2
3
_
r
3/2
+ j
3/2
_
que
(o) =
_
3
0
_
3
0
_
1 + r + jdj dr =
_
3
0
_
2
3
(1 + r + j)
3/2
_
3
0
dr
=
2
3
_
3
0
_
(4 + r)
3/2
(1 + r)
3/2
_
dr
=
2
3

2
5
_
(4 + r)
5/2
(1 + r)
5/2
_
3
0
=
4
15
_
7
5/2
4
5/2
4
5/2
+ 1
_
=
4
15
_
7
5/2
63
_
.
2
+ j
2
. = 1.
(o) =
__
1
_
1 + (2r)
2
+ (2j)
2
d =
__
1
_
1 + 4 (r
2
+ j
2
)d
=
_
2t
0
_
1
0
_
1 + 4r
2
r dr d0 =

6
_
5
_
5 1
_
.
2
3
_
r
3/2
+ j
3/2
_
que
(o) =
_
3
0
_
3
0
_
1 + r + jdj dr
=
_
3
0
_
2
3
(1 + r + j)
3/2
_
3
0
dr
=
2
3
_
3
0
_
(4 + r)
3/2
(1 + r)
3/2
_
dr
=
2
3

2
5
_
(4 + r)
5/2
(1 + r)
5/2
_
3
0
=
4
15
_
7
5/2
4
5/2
4
5/2
+ 1
_
=
4
15
_
7
5/2
63
_
.
2
+ j
2
. = 1.
(o) =
__
1
_
1 + (2r)
2
+ (2j)
2
d =
__
1
_
1 + 4 (r
2
+ j
2
)d
=
_
2t
0
_
1
0
_
1 + 4r
2
r dr d0 =

6
_
5
_
5 1
_
.
2
3
_
r
3/2
+ j
3/2
_
que
(o) =
_
3
0
_
3
0
_
1 + r + jdj dr =
_
3
0
_
2
3
(1 + r + j)
3/2
_
3
0
dr
=
2
3
_
3
0
_
(4 + r)
3/2
(1 + r)
3/2
_
dr
=
2
3

2
5
_
(4 + r)
5/2
(1 + r)
5/2
_
3
0
=
4
15
_
7
5/2
4
5/2
4
5/2
+ 1
_
=
4
15
_
7
5/2
63
_
.
2
+ j
2
. = 1.
(o) =
__
1
_
1 + (2r)
2
+ (2j)
2
d =
__
1
_
1 + 4 (r
2
+ j
2
)d
=
_
2t
0
_
1
0
_
1 + 4r
2
r dr d0 =

6
_
5
_
5 1
_
.
2
3
_
r
3/2
+ j
3/2
_
que
(o) =
_
3
0
_
3
0
_
1 + r + jdj dr =
_
3
0
_
2
3
(1 + r + j)
3/2
_
3
0
dr
=
2
3
_
3
0
_
(4 + r)
3/2
(1 + r)
3/2
_
dr
=
2
3

2
5
_
(4 + r)
5/2
(1 + r)
5/2
_
3
0
=
4
15
_
7
5/2
4
5/2
4
5/2
+ 1
_
=
4
15
_
7
5/2
63
_
.
2
+ j
2
. = 1.
(o) =
__
1
_
1 + (2r)
2
+ (2j)
2
d =
__
1
_
1 + 4 (r
2
+ j
2
)d
=
_
2t
0
_
1
0
_
1 + 4r
2
r dr d0 =

6
_
5
_
5 1
_
.
2
3
_
r
3/2
+ j
3/2
_
que
(o) =
_
3
0
_
3
0
_
1 + r + jdj dr =
_
3
0
_
2
3
(1 + r + j)
3/2
_
3
0
dr
=
2
3
_
3
0
_
(4 + r)
3/2
(1 + r)
3/2
_
dr
=
2
3

2
5
_
(4 + r)
5/2
(1 + r)
5/2
_
3
0
=
4
15
_
7
5/2
4
5/2
4
5/2
+ 1
_
=
4
15
_
7
5/2
63
_
.
2
+ j
2
. = 1.
(o) =
__
1
_
1 + (2r)
2
+ (2j)
2
d =
__
1
_
1 + 4 (r
2
+ j
2
)d
=
_
2t
0
_
1
0
_
1 + 4r
2
r dr d0 =

6
_
5
_
5 1
_
.
2
3
_
r
3/2
+ j
3/2
_
que
(o) =
_
3
0
_
3
0
_
1 + r + jdj dr =
_
3
0
_
2
3
(1 + r + j)
3/2
_
3
0
dr
=
2
3
_
3
0
_
(4 + r)
3/2
(1 + r)
3/2
_
dr
=
2
3

2
5
_
(4 + r)
5/2
(1 + r)
5/2
_
3
0
=
4
15
_
7
5/2
4
5/2
4
5/2
+ 1
_
=
4
15
_
7
5/2
63
_
.
2
+ j
2
. = 1.
(o) =
__
1
_
1 + (2r)
2
+ (2j)
2
d =
__
1
_
1 + 4 (r
2
+ j
2
)d
=
_
2t
0
_
1
0
_
1 + 4r
2
r dr d0 =

6
_
5
_
5 1
_
.
2
3
_
r
3/2
+ j
3/2
_
que
(o) =
_
3
0
_
3
0
_
1 + r + jdj dr =
_
3
0
_
2
3
(1 + r + j)
3/2
_
3
0
dr
=
2
3
_
3
0
_
(4 + r)
3/2
(1 + r)
3/2
_
dr
=
2
3

2
5
_
(4 + r)
5/2
(1 + r)
5/2
_
3
0
=
4
15
_
7
5/2
4
5/2
4
5/2
+ 1
_
=
4
15
_
7
5/2
63
_
.
Ejemplo. Encuentre el rea de la supercie de una esfera de radio a que est
entre los planos . = t
1
y . = t
2
.
Ejemplo. Encuentre el rea de la supercie de una esfera de radio a que est
entre los planos . = t
1
y . = t
2
.
Como r
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= a
2
, entonces
. =
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
;
0
r
. =
r
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
, 0
. =
j
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
T =
_
_
r
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
_
2
+
_
j
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
_
2
+ 1
=
_
r
2
+ j
2
+ (a
2
r
2
j
2
)
a
2
r
2
j
2
=
_
a
2
a
2
r
2
j
2
=
a
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
=
a
_
a
2
r
2
.
(o) =
_
2t
0
_
:
2
:
1
a
_
a
2
r
2
r dr d0 =
_
2a
_
a
2
r
2
_
:
2
:
1
= 2a
_
_
a
2
r
2
1
_
a
2
r
2
2
_
= 2a (t
1
t
2
) = 2a/.
Observe que esta rea corresponde a la de un cilindro circular recto de radio a
y altura / = t
1
t
2
.
Como r
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= a
2
, entonces
. =
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
; 0
r
. =
r
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
,
0
. =
j
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
T =
_
_
r
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
_
2
+
_
j
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
_
2
+ 1
=
_
r
2
+ j
2
+ (a
2
r
2
j
2
)
a
2
r
2
j
2
=
_
a
2
a
2
r
2
j
2
=
a
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
=
a
_
a
2
r
2
.
(o) =
_
2t
0
_
:
2
:
1
a
_
a
2
r
2
r dr d0 =
_
2a
_
a
2
r
2
_
:
2
:
1
= 2a
_
_
a
2
r
2
1
_
a
2
r
2
2
_
= 2a (t
1
t
2
) = 2a/.
y altura / = t
1
t
2
.
Como r
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= a
2
, entonces
. =
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
; 0
r
. =
r
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
, 0
. =
j
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
T =
_
_
r
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
_
2
+
_
j
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
_
2
+ 1
=
_
r
2
+ j
2
+ (a
2
r
2
j
2
)
a
2
r
2
j
2
=
_
a
2
a
2
r
2
j
2
=
a
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
=
a
_
a
2
r
2
.
(o) =
_
2t
0
_
:
2
:
1
a
_
a
2
r
2
r dr d0 =
_
2a
_
a
2
r
2
_
:
2
:
1
= 2a
_
_
a
2
r
2
1
_
a
2
r
2
2
_
= 2a (t
1
t
2
) = 2a/.
y altura / = t
1
t
2
.
Como r
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= a
2
, entonces
. =
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
; 0
r
. =
r
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
, 0
. =
j
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
T =
_
_
r
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
_
2
+
_
j
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
_
2
+ 1
=
_
r
2
+ j
2
+ (a
2
r
2
j
2
)
a
2
r
2
j
2
=
_
a
2
a
2
r
2
j
2
=
a
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
=
a
_
a
2
r
2
.
(o) =
_
2t
0
_
:
2
:
1
a
_
a
2
r
2
r dr d0 =
_
2a
_
a
2
r
2
_
:
2
:
1
= 2a
_
_
a
2
r
2
1
_
a
2
r
2
2
_
= 2a (t
1
t
2
) = 2a/.
y altura / = t
1
t
2
.
Como r
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= a
2
, entonces
. =
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
; 0
r
. =
r
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
, 0
. =
j
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
T =
_
_
r
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
_
2
+
_
j
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
_
2
+ 1
=
_
r
2
+ j
2
+ (a
2
r
2
j
2
)
a
2
r
2
j
2
=
_
a
2
a
2
r
2
j
2
=
a
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
=
a
_
a
2
r
2
.
(o) =
_
2t
0
_
:
2
:
1
a
_
a
2
r
2
r dr d0 =
_
2a
_
a
2
r
2
_
:
2
:
1
= 2a
_
_
a
2
r
2
1
_
a
2
r
2
2
_
= 2a (t
1
t
2
) = 2a/.
y altura / = t
1
t
2
.
Como r
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= a
2
, entonces
. =
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
; 0
r
. =
r
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
, 0
. =
j
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
T =
_
_
r
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
_
2
+
_
j
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
_
2
+ 1
=
_
r
2
+ j
2
+ (a
2
r
2
j
2
)
a
2
r
2
j
2
=
_
a
2
a
2
r
2
j
2
=
a
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
=
a
_
a
2
r
2
.
(o) =
_
2t
0
_
:
2
:
1
a
_
a
2
r
2
r dr d0 =
_
2a
_
a
2
r
2
_
:
2
:
1
= 2a
_
_
a
2
r
2
1
_
a
2
r
2
2
_
= 2a (t
1
t
2
) = 2a/.
y altura / = t
1
t
2
.
Como r
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= a
2
, entonces
. =
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
; 0
r
. =
r
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
, 0
. =
j
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
T =
_
_
r
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
_
2
+
_
j
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
_
2
+ 1
=
_
r
2
+ j
2
+ (a
2
r
2
j
2
)
a
2
r
2
j
2
=
_
a
2
a
2
r
2
j
2
=
a
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
=
a
_
a
2
r
2
.
(o) =
_
2t
0
_
:
2
:
1
a
_
a
2
r
2
r dr d0 =
_
2a
_
a
2
r
2
_
:
2
:
1
= 2a
_
_
a
2
r
2
1
_
a
2
r
2
2
_
= 2a (t
1
t
2
) = 2a/.
y altura / = t
1
t
2
.
Como r
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= a
2
, entonces
. =
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
; 0
r
. =
r
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
, 0
. =
j
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
T =
_
_
r
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
_
2
+
_
j
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
_
2
+ 1
=
_
r
2
+ j
2
+ (a
2
r
2
j
2
)
a
2
r
2
j
2
=
_
a
2
a
2
r
2
j
2
=
a
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
=
a
_
a
2
r
2
.
(o) =
_
2t
0
_
:
2
:
1
a
_
a
2
r
2
r dr d0 =
_
2a
_
a
2
r
2
_
:
2
:
1
= 2a
_
_
a
2
r
2
1
_
a
2
r
2
2
_
= 2a (t
1
t
2
) = 2a/.
y altura / = t
1
t
2
.
Como r
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= a
2
, entonces
. =
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
; 0
r
. =
r
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
, 0
. =
j
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
T =
_
_
r
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
_
2
+
_
j
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
_
2
+ 1
=
_
r
2
+ j
2
+ (a
2
r
2
j
2
)
a
2
r
2
j
2
=
_
a
2
a
2
r
2
j
2
=
a
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
=
a
_
a
2
r
2
.
(o) =
_
2t
0
_
:
2
:
1
a
_
a
2
r
2
r dr d0
=
_
2a
_
a
2
r
2
_
:
2
:
1
= 2a
_
_
a
2
r
2
1
_
a
2
r
2
2
_
= 2a (t
1
t
2
) = 2a/.
y altura / = t
1
t
2
.
Como r
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= a
2
, entonces
. =
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
; 0
r
. =
r
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
, 0
. =
j
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
T =
_
_
r
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
_
2
+
_
j
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
_
2
+ 1
=
_
r
2
+ j
2
+ (a
2
r
2
j
2
)
a
2
r
2
j
2
=
_
a
2
a
2
r
2
j
2
=
a
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
=
a
_
a
2
r
2
.
(o) =
_
2t
0
_
:
2
:
1
a
_
a
2
r
2
r dr d0 =
_
2a
_
a
2
r
2
_
:
2
:
1
= 2a
_
_
a
2
r
2
1
_
a
2
r
2
2
_
= 2a (t
1
t
2
) = 2a/.
y altura / = t
1
t
2
.
Como r
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= a
2
, entonces
. =
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
; 0
r
. =
r
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
, 0
. =
j
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
T =
_
_
r
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
_
2
+
_
j
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
_
2
+ 1
=
_
r
2
+ j
2
+ (a
2
r
2
j
2
)
a
2
r
2
j
2
=
_
a
2
a
2
r
2
j
2
=
a
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
=
a
_
a
2
r
2
.
(o) =
_
2t
0
_
:
2
:
1
a
_
a
2
r
2
r dr d0 =
_
2a
_
a
2
r
2
_
:
2
:
1
= 2a
_
_
a
2
r
2
1
_
a
2
r
2
2
_
= 2a (t
1
t
2
) = 2a/.
y altura / = t
1
t
2
.
Como r
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= a
2
, entonces
. =
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
; 0
r
. =
r
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
, 0
. =
j
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
T =
_
_
r
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
_
2
+
_
j
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
_
2
+ 1
=
_
r
2
+ j
2
+ (a
2
r
2
j
2
)
a
2
r
2
j
2
=
_
a
2
a
2
r
2
j
2
=
a
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
=
a
_
a
2
r
2
.
(o) =
_
2t
0
_
:
2
:
1
a
_
a
2
r
2
r dr d0 =
_
2a
_
a
2
r
2
_
:
2
:
1
= 2a
_
_
a
2
r
2
1
_
a
2
r
2
2
_
= 2a (t
1
t
2
)
= 2a/.
y altura / = t
1
t
2
.
Como r
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= a
2
, entonces
. =
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
; 0
r
. =
r
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
, 0
. =
j
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
T =
_
_
r
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
_
2
+
_
j
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
_
2
+ 1
=
_
r
2
+ j
2
+ (a
2
r
2
j
2
)
a
2
r
2
j
2
=
_
a
2
a
2
r
2
j
2
=
a
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
=
a
_
a
2
r
2
.
(o) =
_
2t
0
_
:
2
:
1
a
_
a
2
r
2
r dr d0 =
_
2a
_
a
2
r
2
_
:
2
:
1
= 2a
_
_
a
2
r
2
1
_
a
2
r
2
2
_
= 2a (t
1
t
2
) = 2a/.
y altura / = t
1
t
2
.
Como r
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= a
2
, entonces
. =
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
; 0
r
. =
r
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
, 0
. =
j
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
T =
_
_
r
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
_
2
+
_
j
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
_
2
+ 1
=
_
r
2
+ j
2
+ (a
2
r
2
j
2
)
a
2
r
2
j
2
=
_
a
2
a
2
r
2
j
2
=
a
_
a
2
r
2
j
2
=
a
_
a
2
r
2
.
(o) =
_
2t
0
_
:
2
:
1
a
_
a
2
r
2
r dr d0 =
_
2a
_
a
2
r
2
_
:
2
:
1
= 2a
_
_
a
2
r
2
1
_
a
2
r
2
2
_
= 2a (t
1
t
2
) = 2a/.
y altura / = t
1
t
2
.
Ejemplo. Encuentre el rea de la parte de la esfera r
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= 4. que
queda arriba del paraboloide . = r
2
+ j
2
.
_
r
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= 4.
. = r
2
+ j
2
==
_
r
2
+ j
2
+ (. 2)
2
= 4
. = r
2
== r
2
+
_
r
2
2
_
2
= 4
== r
2
+ r
4
4r
2
+ 4 = 4
== r
2
_
r
2
3
_
= 0 ==r =
_
3
Por otra parte, como r
2
+ j
2
+ (. 2)
2
= 4 entonces
0.
0r
=
r
. 2
y
0.
0j
=
j
. 2
;
adems
(. 2)
2
= 4 r
2
j
2
= 4 r
2
.
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= 4. que
2
+ j
2
.
_
r
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= 4.
. = r
2
+ j
2
==
_
r
2
+ j
2
+ (. 2)
2
= 4
. = r
2
== r
2
+
_
r
2
2
_
2
= 4
== r
2
+ r
4
4r
2
+ 4 = 4
== r
2
_
r
2
3
_
= 0 ==r =
_
3
2
+ j
2
+ (. 2)
2
= 4 entonces
0.
0r
=
r
. 2
y
0.
0j
=
j
. 2
;
adems
(. 2)
2
= 4 r
2
j
2
= 4 r
2
.
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= 4. que
2
+ j
2
.
_
r
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= 4.
. = r
2
+ j
2
==
_
r
2
+ j
2
+ (. 2)
2
= 4
. = r
2
== r
2
+
_
r
2
2
_
2
= 4
== r
2
+ r
4
4r
2
+ 4 = 4
== r
2
_
r
2
3
_
= 0 ==r =
_
3
2
+ j
2
+ (. 2)
2
= 4 entonces
0.
0r
=
r
. 2
y
0.
0j
=
j
. 2
;
adems
(. 2)
2
= 4 r
2
j
2
= 4 r
2
.
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= 4. que
2
+ j
2
.
_
r
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= 4.
. = r
2
+ j
2
==
_
r
2
+ j
2
+ (. 2)
2
= 4
. = r
2
== r
2
+
_
r
2
2
_
2
= 4
== r
2
+ r
4
4r
2
+ 4 = 4
== r
2
_
r
2
3
_
= 0 ==r =
_
3
2
+ j
2
+ (. 2)
2
= 4 entonces
0.
0r
=
r
. 2
y
0.
0j
=
j
. 2
;
adems
(. 2)
2
= 4 r
2
j
2
= 4 r
2
.
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= 4. que
2
+ j
2
.
_
r
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= 4.
. = r
2
+ j
2
==
_
r
2
+ j
2
+ (. 2)
2
= 4
. = r
2
== r
2
+
_
r
2
2
_
2
= 4
== r
2
+ r
4
4r
2
+ 4 = 4
== r
2
_
r
2
3
_
= 0 ==r =
_
3
2
+ j
2
+ (. 2)
2
= 4 entonces
0.
0r
=
r
. 2
y
0.
0j
=
j
. 2
;
adems
(. 2)
2
= 4 r
2
j
2
= 4 r
2
.
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= 4. que
2
+ j
2
.
_
r
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= 4.
. = r
2
+ j
2
==
_
r
2
+ j
2
+ (. 2)
2
= 4
. = r
2
== r
2
+
_
r
2
2
_
2
= 4
== r
2
+ r
4
4r
2
+ 4 = 4
== r
2
_
r
2
3
_
= 0 ==r =
_
3
2
+ j
2
+ (. 2)
2
= 4 entonces
0.
0r
=
r
. 2
y
0.
0j
=
j
. 2
;
adems
(. 2)
2
= 4 r
2
j
2
= 4 r
2
.
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= 4. que
2
+ j
2
.
_
r
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= 4.
. = r
2
+ j
2
==
_
r
2
+ j
2
+ (. 2)
2
= 4
. = r
2
== r
2
+
_
r
2
2
_
2
= 4
== r
2
+ r
4
4r
2
+ 4 = 4
== r
2
_
r
2
3
_
= 0
==r =
_
3
2
+ j
2
+ (. 2)
2
= 4 entonces
0.
0r
=
r
. 2
y
0.
0j
=
j
. 2
;
adems
(. 2)
2
= 4 r
2
j
2
= 4 r
2
.
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= 4. que
2
+ j
2
.
_
r
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= 4.
. = r
2
+ j
2
==
_
r
2
+ j
2
+ (. 2)
2
= 4
. = r
2
== r
2
+
_
r
2
2
_
2
= 4
== r
2
+ r
4
4r
2
+ 4 = 4
== r
2
_
r
2
3
_
= 0 ==r =
_
3
2
+ j
2
+ (. 2)
2
= 4 entonces
0.
0r
=
r
. 2
y
0.
0j
=
j
. 2
;
adems
(. 2)
2
= 4 r
2
j
2
= 4 r
2
.
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= 4. que
2
+ j
2
.
_
r
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= 4.
. = r
2
+ j
2
==
_
r
2
+ j
2
+ (. 2)
2
= 4
. = r
2
== r
2
+
_
r
2
2
_
2
= 4
== r
2
+ r
4
4r
2
+ 4 = 4
== r
2
_
r
2
3
_
= 0 ==r =
_
3
2
+ j
2
+ (. 2)
2
= 4 entonces
0.
0r
=
r
. 2
y
0.
0j
=
j
. 2
;
adems
(. 2)
2
= 4 r
2
j
2
= 4 r
2
.
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= 4. que
2
+ j
2
.
_
r
2
+ j
2
+ .
2
= 4.
. = r
2
+ j
2
==
_
r
2
+ j
2
+ (. 2)
2
= 4
. = r
2
== r
2
+
_
r
2
2
_
2
= 4
== r
2
+ r
4
4r
2
+ 4 = 4
== r
2
_
r
2
3
_
= 0 ==r =
_
3
2
+ j
2
+ (. 2)
2
= 4 entonces
0.
0r
=
r
. 2
y
0.
0j
=
j
. 2
;
adems
(. 2)
2
= 4 r
2
j
2
= 4 r
2
.
De este manera se tiene que
d: =
_
1 +
_
0.
0r
_
2
+
_
0.
0j
_
2
d
=
_
1 +
_
r
. 2
_
2
+
_
j
. 2
_
2
d
=
_
1 +
r
2
(. 2)
2
+
j
2
(. 2)
2
d =
_
(4 r
2
j
2
) + r
2
+ j
2
4 r
2
j
2
d
=
_
4
4 r
2
d =
2
_
4 r
2
d.
Luego el rea de supercie es:
(o) =
_
2t
0
_
p
3
0
2
_
4 r
2
r dr d0 = 2
_
2
_
4 r
2
_
1/2
_
p
3
0
= 4.
d: =
_
1 +
_
0.
0r
_
2
+
_
0.
0j
_
2
d =
_
1 +
_
r
. 2
_
2
+
_
j
. 2
_
2
d
=
_
1 +
r
2
(. 2)
2
+
j
2
(. 2)
2
d =
_
(4 r
2
j
2
) + r
2
+ j
2
4 r
2
j
2
d
=
_
4
4 r
2
d =
2
_
4 r
2
d.
(o) =
_
2t
0
_
p
3
0
2
_
4 r
2
r dr d0 = 2
_
2
_
4 r
2
_
1/2
_
p
3
0
= 4.
d: =
_
1 +
_
0.
0r
_
2
+
_
0.
0j
_
2
d =
_
1 +
_
r
. 2
_
2
+
_
j
. 2
_
2
d
=
_
1 +
r
2
(. 2)
2
+
j
2
(. 2)
2
d
=
_
(4 r
2
j
2
) + r
2
+ j
2
4 r
2
j
2
d
=
_
4
4 r
2
d =
2
_
4 r
2
d.
(o) =
_
2t
0
_
p
3
0
2
_
4 r
2
r dr d0 = 2
_
2
_
4 r
2
_
1/2
_
p
3
0
= 4.
d: =
_
1 +
_
0.
0r
_
2
+
_
0.
0j
_
2
d =
_
1 +
_
r
. 2
_
2
+
_
j
. 2
_
2
d
=
_
1 +
r
2
(. 2)
2
+
j
2
(. 2)
2
d =
_
(4 r
2
j
2
) + r
2
+ j
2
4 r
2
j
2
d
=
_
4
4 r
2
d =
2
_
4 r
2
d.
(o) =
_
2t
0
_
p
3
0
2
_
4 r
2
r dr d0 = 2
_
2
_
4 r
2
_
1/2
_
p
3
0
= 4.
d: =
_
1 +
_
0.
0r
_
2
+
_
0.
0j
_
2
d =
_
1 +
_
r
. 2
_
2
+
_
j
. 2
_
2
d
=
_
1 +
r
2
(. 2)
2
+
j
2
(. 2)
2
d =
_
(4 r
2
j
2
) + r
2
+ j
2
4 r
2
j
2
d
=
_
4
4 r
2
d
=
2
_
4 r
2
d.
(o) =
_
2t
0
_
p
3
0
2
_
4 r
2
r dr d0 = 2
_
2
_
4 r
2
_
1/2
_
p
3
0
= 4.
d: =
_
1 +
_
0.
0r
_
2
+
_
0.
0j
_
2
d =
_
1 +
_
r
. 2
_
2
+
_
j
. 2
_
2
d
=
_
1 +
r
2
(. 2)
2
+
j
2
(. 2)
2
d =
_
(4 r
2
j
2
) + r
2
+ j
2
4 r
2
j
2
d
=
_
4
4 r
2
d =
2
_
4 r
2
d.
(o) =
_
2t
0
_
p
3
0
2
_
4 r
2
r dr d0 = 2
_
2
_
4 r
2
_
1/2
_
p
3
0
= 4.
d: =
_
1 +
_
0.
0r
_
2
+
_
0.
0j
_
2
d =
_
1 +
_
r
. 2
_
2
+
_
j
. 2
_
2
d
=
_
1 +
r
2
(. 2)
2
+
j
2
(. 2)
2
d =
_
(4 r
2
j
2
) + r
2
+ j
2
4 r
2
j
2
d
=
_
4
4 r
2
d =
2
_
4 r
2
d.
(o) =
_
2t
0
_
p
3
0
2
_
4 r
2
r dr d0 = 2
_
2
_
4 r
2
_
1/2
_
p
3
0
= 4.
d: =
_
1 +
_
0.
0r
_
2
+
_
0.
0j
_
2
d =
_
1 +
_
r
. 2
_
2
+
_
j
. 2
_
2
d
=
_
1 +
r
2
(. 2)
2
+
j
2
(. 2)
2
d =
_
(4 r
2
j
2
) + r
2
+ j
2
4 r
2
j
2
d
=
_
4
4 r
2
d =
2
_
4 r
2
d.
(o) =
_
2t
0
_
p
3
0
2
_
4 r
2
r dr d0
= 2
_
2
_
4 r
2
_
1/2
_
p
3
0
= 4.
d: =
_
1 +
_
0.
0r
_
2
+
_
0.
0j
_
2
d =
_
1 +
_
r
. 2
_
2
+
_
j
. 2
_
2
d
=
_
1 +
r
2
(. 2)
2
+
j
2
(. 2)
2
d =
_
(4 r
2
j
2
) + r
2
+ j
2
4 r
2
j
2
d
=
_
4
4 r
2
d =
2
_
4 r
2
d.
(o) =
_
2t
0
_
p
3
0
2
_
4 r
2
r dr d0 = 2
_
2
_
4 r
2
_
1/2
_
p
3
0
= 4.
d: =
_
1 +
_
0.
0r
_
2
+
_
0.
0j
_
2
d =
_
1 +
_
r
. 2
_
2
+
_
j
. 2
_
2
d
=
_
1 +
r
2
(. 2)
2
+
j
2
(. 2)
2
d =
_
(4 r
2
j
2
) + r
2
+ j
2
4 r
2
j
2
d
=
_
4
4 r
2
d =
2
_
4 r
2
d.
(o) =
_
2t
0
_
p
3
0
2
_
4 r
2
r dr d0 = 2
_
2
_
4 r
2
_
1/2
_
p
3
0
= 4.
Ejemplo. Encuentre el volumen del slido acotado por abajo por el plano
. = 1 j y arriba por el paraboloide . = 1 r
2
j
2
.
_
. = 1 r
2
j
2
. = 1 j
== 1 r
2
j
2
= 1 j
== r
2
+ j
2
= j
== r
2
= r sen0 ==r = sen0.
Luego, utilizando simetra se obtiene
\ =
_
t
0
_
sen 0
0
_
1:
2
1: sen 0
r d. dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
sen 0
0
__
1 r
2
_
(1 r sen0)
r dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
sen 0
0
_
r sen0 r
2
r dr d0 =
_
t
0
_
r
3
3
sen0
r
4
4
_
sen 0
0
d0
=
1
12
_
t
0
sen
4
0 d0 =
1
12
_
3
8
0
1
4
sen20 +
1
32
sen40
_
t
0
=
1
12
_
3
8
_
=

32
.
2
j
2
.
_
. = 1 r
2
j
2
. = 1 j
== 1 r
2
j
2
= 1 j
== r
2
+ j
2
= j
== r
2
\ =
_
t
0
_
sen 0
0
_
1:
2
1: sen 0
r d. dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
sen 0
0
__
1 r
2
_
(1 r sen0)
r dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
sen 0
0
_
r sen0 r
2
r dr d0 =
_
t
0
_
r
3
3
sen0
r
4
4
_
sen 0
0
d0
=
1
12
_
t
0
sen
4
0 d0 =
1
12
_
3
8
0
1
4
sen20 +
1
32
sen40
_
t
0
=
1
12
_
3
8
_
=

32
.
2
j
2
.
_
. = 1 r
2
j
2
. = 1 j
== 1 r
2
j
2
= 1 j
== r
2
+ j
2
= j
== r
2
\ =
_
t
0
_
sen 0
0
_
1:
2
1: sen 0
r d. dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
sen 0
0
__
1 r
2
_
(1 r sen0)
r dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
sen 0
0
_
r sen0 r
2
r dr d0 =
_
t
0
_
r
3
3
sen0
r
4
4
_
sen 0
0
d0
=
1
12
_
t
0
sen
4
0 d0 =
1
12
_
3
8
0
1
4
sen20 +
1
32
sen40
_
t
0
=
1
12
_
3
8
_
=

32
.
2
j
2
.
_
. = 1 r
2
j
2
. = 1 j
== 1 r
2
j
2
= 1 j
== r
2
+ j
2
= j
== r
2
\ =
_
t
0
_
sen 0
0
_
1:
2
1: sen 0
r d. dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
sen 0
0
__
1 r
2
_
(1 r sen0)
r dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
sen 0
0
_
r sen0 r
2
r dr d0 =
_
t
0
_
r
3
3
sen0
r
4
4
_
sen 0
0
d0
=
1
12
_
t
0
sen
4
0 d0 =
1
12
_
3
8
0
1
4
sen20 +
1
32
sen40
_
t
0
=
1
12
_
3
8
_
=

32
.
2
j
2
.
_
. = 1 r
2
j
2
. = 1 j
== 1 r
2
j
2
= 1 j
== r
2
+ j
2
= j
== r
2
= r sen0
==r = sen0.
\ =
_
t
0
_
sen 0
0
_
1:
2
1: sen 0
r d. dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
sen 0
0
__
1 r
2
_
(1 r sen0)
r dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
sen 0
0
_
r sen0 r
2
r dr d0 =
_
t
0
_
r
3
3
sen0
r
4
4
_
sen 0
0
d0
=
1
12
_
t
0
sen
4
0 d0 =
1
12
_
3
8
0
1
4
sen20 +
1
32
sen40
_
t
0
=
1
12
_
3
8
_
=

32
.
2
j
2
.
_
. = 1 r
2
j
2
. = 1 j
== 1 r
2
j
2
= 1 j
== r
2
+ j
2
= j
== r
2
\ =
_
t
0
_
sen 0
0
_
1:
2
1: sen 0
r d. dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
sen 0
0
__
1 r
2
_
(1 r sen0)
r dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
sen 0
0
_
r sen0 r
2
r dr d0 =
_
t
0
_
r
3
3
sen0
r
4
4
_
sen 0
0
d0
=
1
12
_
t
0
sen
4
0 d0 =
1
12
_
3
8
0
1
4
sen20 +
1
32
sen40
_
t
0
=
1
12
_
3
8
_
=

32
.
2
j
2
.
_
. = 1 r
2
j
2
. = 1 j
== 1 r
2
j
2
= 1 j
== r
2
+ j
2
= j
== r
2
\ =
_
t
0
_
sen 0
0
_
1:
2
1: sen 0
r d. dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
sen 0
0
__
1 r
2
_
(1 r sen0)
r dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
sen 0
0
_
r sen0 r
2
r dr d0 =
_
t
0
_
r
3
3
sen0
r
4
4
_
sen 0
0
d0
=
1
12
_
t
0
sen
4
0 d0 =
1
12
_
3
8
0
1
4
sen20 +
1
32
sen40
_
t
0
=
1
12
_
3
8
_
=

32
.
2
j
2
.
_
. = 1 r
2
j
2
. = 1 j
== 1 r
2
j
2
= 1 j
== r
2
+ j
2
= j
== r
2
\ =
_
t
0
_
sen 0
0
_
1:
2
1: sen 0
r d. dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
sen 0
0
__
1 r
2
_
(1 r sen0)
r dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
sen 0
0
_
r sen0 r
2
r dr d0 =
_
t
0
_
r
3
3
sen0
r
4
4
_
sen 0
0
d0
=
1
12
_
t
0
sen
4
0 d0 =
1
12
_
3
8
0
1
4
sen20 +
1
32
sen40
_
t
0
=
1
12
_
3
8
_
=

32
.
2
j
2
.
_
. = 1 r
2
j
2
. = 1 j
== 1 r
2
j
2
= 1 j
== r
2
+ j
2
= j
== r
2
\ =
_
t
0
_
sen 0
0
_
1:
2
1: sen 0
r d. dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
sen 0
0
__
1 r
2
_
(1 r sen0)
r dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
sen 0
0
_
r sen0 r
2
r dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
r
3
3
sen0
r
4
4
_
sen 0
0
d0
=
1
12
_
t
0
sen
4
0 d0 =
1
12
_
3
8
0
1
4
sen20 +
1
32
sen40
_
t
0
=
1
12
_
3
8
_
=

32
.
2
j
2
.
_
. = 1 r
2
j
2
. = 1 j
== 1 r
2
j
2
= 1 j
== r
2
+ j
2
= j
== r
2
\ =
_
t
0
_
sen 0
0
_
1:
2
1: sen 0
r d. dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
sen 0
0
__
1 r
2
_
(1 r sen0)
r dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
sen 0
0
_
r sen0 r
2
r dr d0 =
_
t
0
_
r
3
3
sen0
r
4
4
_
sen 0
0
d0
=
1
12
_
t
0
sen
4
0 d0 =
1
12
_
3
8
0
1
4
sen20 +
1
32
sen40
_
t
0
=
1
12
_
3
8
_
=

32
.
2
j
2
.
_
. = 1 r
2
j
2
. = 1 j
== 1 r
2
j
2
= 1 j
== r
2
+ j
2
= j
== r
2
\ =
_
t
0
_
sen 0
0
_
1:
2
1: sen 0
r d. dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
sen 0
0
__
1 r
2
_
(1 r sen0)
r dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
sen 0
0
_
r sen0 r
2
r dr d0 =
_
t
0
_
r
3
3
sen0
r
4
4
_
sen 0
0
d0
=
1
12
_
t
0
sen
4
0 d0
=
1
12
_
3
8
0
1
4
sen20 +
1
32
sen40
_
t
0
=
1
12
_
3
8
_
=

32
.
2
j
2
.
_
. = 1 r
2
j
2
. = 1 j
== 1 r
2
j
2
= 1 j
== r
2
+ j
2
= j
== r
2
\ =
_
t
0
_
sen 0
0
_
1:
2
1: sen 0
r d. dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
sen 0
0
__
1 r
2
_
(1 r sen0)
r dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
sen 0
0
_
r sen0 r
2
r dr d0 =
_
t
0
_
r
3
3
sen0
r
4
4
_
sen 0
0
d0
=
1
12
_
t
0
sen
4
0 d0 =
1
12
_
3
8
0
1
4
sen20 +
1
32
sen40
_
t
0
=
1
12
_
3
8
_
=

32
.
2
j
2
.
_
. = 1 r
2
j
2
. = 1 j
== 1 r
2
j
2
= 1 j
== r
2
+ j
2
= j
== r
2
\ =
_
t
0
_
sen 0
0
_
1:
2
1: sen 0
r d. dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
sen 0
0
__
1 r
2
_
(1 r sen0)
r dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
sen 0
0
_
r sen0 r
2
r dr d0 =
_
t
0
_
r
3
3
sen0
r
4
4
_
sen 0
0
d0
=
1
12
_
t
0
sen
4
0 d0 =
1
12
_
3
8
0
1
4
sen20 +
1
32
sen40
_
t
0
=
1
12
_
3
8
_
=

32
.
2
j
2
.
_
. = 1 r
2
j
2
. = 1 j
== 1 r
2
j
2
= 1 j
== r
2
+ j
2
= j
== r
2
\ =
_
t
0
_
sen 0
0
_
1:
2
1: sen 0
r d. dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
sen 0
0
__
1 r
2
_
(1 r sen0)
r dr d0
=
_
t
0
_
sen 0
0
_
r sen0 r
2
r dr d0 =
_
t
0
_
r
3
3
sen0
r
4
4
_
sen 0
0
d0
=
1
12
_
t
0
sen
4
0 d0 =
1
12
_
3
8
0
1
4
sen20 +
1
32
sen40
_
t
0
=
1
12
_
3
8
_
=

32
.

Integrales Triples

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Formatos disponibles

Integrales Triples

Cargado por

Copyright:

Formatos disponibles

Integrales triples

senccos 0 sencsen0 cos c

senccos 0 sencsen0 cos c

senccos 0 sencsen0 cos c

senccos 0 sencsen0 cos c

cos c cos 0 cos c sen0 senc

cos c cos 0 cos c sen0 senc

cos c cos 0 cos c sen0 senc

cos c cos 0 cos c sen0 senc

cos c cos 0 cos c sen0 senc

cos c cos 0 cos c sen0 senc

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