Armaduras 2

PROBLEMAS RESUELTOS DE
ANALISIS DE ESTRUCTURAS POR EL METODO DE LOS NUDOS
Problema resuelto Pg. 246 Esttica BEDFORD

Problema 6.1 Esttica BEDFORD edic 4
Problema 6.1 BEER Johnston edic 6
Problema 6.1 Esttica Hibbeler edic 10
Problema c-34 esttica Hibbeler edic 10
Problema C-35 esttica Hibbeler edic 10
Problema 6.8 esttica Hibbeler edic 10
Problema resuelto Pag. 145 Esttica Meriam
Problema 4.1 Esttica Meriam edicin tres
Problema 4.1 Esttica Meriam edicin cinco
Erving Quintero Gil
Tecnlogo electromecnico - UTS
Ing. Electromecnico - UAN
Especialista en Ingeniera del gas - UIS
Bucaramanga Colombia
2011
Para cualquier inquietud o consulta escribir a:

quintere@hotmail.com
quintere@gmail.com
quintere2006@yahoo.com
Mtodo de las juntas o nudos (PROBLEMA RESUELTO PAG. 246 ESTATICA BEDFORD)
El mtodo de las juntas implica dibujar diagramas de cuerpo libre de las juntas de una armadura, una
por una, y usar las ecuaciones de equilibrio para determinar las fuerzas axiales en las barras. Por lo
general, antes debemos dibujar un diagrama de toda la armadura (es decir, tratar la armadura como un
solo cuerpo) y calcular las reacciones en sus soportes. Por ejemplo, la armadura WARREN de la figura
6.6(a) tiene barras de 2 metros de longitud y soporta cargas en B y D. En la figura 6.6(b) dibujamos su
diagrama de cuerpo libre. De las ecuaciones de equilibrio.
400 N
A
2m
2m
Fig. 6. 6(a) Armadura WARREN soportando dos cargas

400 N
800 N
3m
A
AX
1m
AY
1m
2m
400 N
E
1m
1m
2m
EY
TAB
800 N
TBD
TBD
TBC
TDC
D
TDE
TAB
TBC
TAC
TAC
TDE
TEC
TEC
AY
Fig. 6. 6(b) Diagrama de cuerpo libre de la armadura
MA = 0
- 400 (1) - 800 (1 +1+1) + EY (1+1+1+1) = 0
FX = 0
AX = 0
- 400 - 800 (3) + EY (4) = 0
FY = 0
- 400 - 2400 + 4 EY = 0
AY + EY 400 - 800 = 0
- 2800 + 4 EY = 0
4 EY = 2800
EY =
2800
= 700 N
4
EY = 700 N
ME = 0
- AY (1+1+1+1) + 400 (1+1+1) + 800 (1) = 0
- AY (4) + 400 (3) + 800 = 0

- 4 AY + 1200 + 800 = 0
4 AY = 2000
AY =
2000
= 500 N
4
AY = 500 N
NUDO A
El siguiente paso es elegir una junta y dibujar su diagrama de cuerpo libre. En la figura 6.7(a) aislamos
la junta A cortando las barras AB y AC. Los trminos TAB y TAC son las fuerzas axiales en las barras AB
y AC respectivamente. Aunque las direcciones de las flechas que representan las fuerzas axiales
desconocidas se pueden escoger arbitrariamente, observe que las hemos elegido de manera que una
barra estar a tensin, si obtenemos un valor positivo para la fuerza axial. Pensamos que escoger
consistentemente las direcciones de esta manera ayudara a evitar errores.
400 N
TAB
2
TAB
TAB
3
1
AY
TAC
AY
TAB
TAC
C
TAC
TAC
AY
Figura 6.7(a) Obtencin del diagrama de cuerpo libre de la junta A.
Las ecuaciones de equilibrio para la junta A son:
TAB TAC A Y
=
=
2
1
3
Hallar TAC
Hallar TAB
TAB TAC
=
2
1
TAB A Y
=
2
3
T
TAC = AB
2
AY = 500 N
TAB = 577,35 Newton
TAB 500
=
= 288,67
2
3
TAB = 2 (288,67 ) = 577,35 N
TAC =
577,35
= 288,67 N
2
TAC = 288,67 Newton (Tension)
TAB = 577,35 Newton(compresin)

NUDO B
Luego obtenemos un diagrama de la junta B cortando las barras AB, BC y BD (Fig. 6.8 a). De las
ecuaciones de equilibrio para la junta B.
400 N
400 N
TBD
400 N
TBD
TBD
TAB
TAB
800 N
TBD
D
0
60
TBC
TAB (Y)
TBC
TAB
TAC
TAC
TBC TBC (Y)

TAB
TBC (X)
TAB (X)
TBC
600
AY
Figura 6.8(a) Obtencin del diagrama de cuerpo libre de la junta B.
sen 60 =
TAB(Y )
TAB
TAB (Y) = TAB sen 60
TAB(Y ) = TAB
Para abreviar los clculos
sen 60 =
3
2
cos 60 =
1
2
3
TAB
TAB(Y ) =
cos 60 =
TAB = 577,35 Newton
3
(577,35) = 500 N
TAB(Y ) =
TAB (X) = TAB cos 60
TAB (Y) = 500 N
sen 60 =
TBC(Y )
TBC
cos 60 =
TBC (Y) = TBC sen 60
TBC(X )
TBC
TBC (X) = TBC cos 60
TBC(Y ) = TBC
3
TBC
TBC(Y ) =
TAB(X )
TAB
1
TBC(X ) = TBC
2
1
TBC(X ) = TBC
2
1
TAB(X ) = TAB
2
1
TAB(X ) = TAB
2
TAB = 577,35 Newton
TAB(X ) =
1
(577,35) = 288,67 N
2
TAB (X) = 288,67 N
3
TBC
TBC(Y ) =
FY = 0
100 = TBC (Y)
- 400 + TAB (Y) - TBC (Y) = 0
3
TBC
100 =
200
2
TBC =
= 115,47 N
100 =
3
3
TAB (Y) = 500 N

- 400 + 500 - TBC (Y) = 0
100 - TBC (Y) = 0
TBC = 115,47 N
100 = TBC (Y)
(compresin)
Se halla TBC (X)
FX = 0
- TBD + TAB (X) + TBC (X) = 0
1
TBC(X ) = TBC
2
TAB (X) = 288,67 N
TBC = 115,47 N
1
TBC(X ) = (115,47 ) = 57,73 N
2
TBC (X) = 57,73 Newton

- TBD + 288,67 + 57,73 = 0
TBC (X) = 57,73 Newton
- TBD + 346,4 = 0
TBD = 346,4 Newton
(compresin)
NUDO D
Luego obtenemos un diagrama de la junta D cortando las barras BD, DC y DE . De las ecuaciones de
equilibrio para la junta D.
800 N
800 N
800 N
TBD
TBD
TBD
600
TDE
TDC
TDC (Y)
TDE
TDE
TEC
TEC
EY
TDC(Y )
TDC
cos 60 =
TDC (Y) = TDC sen 60
TDC(Y ) = TDC
2
3
TDC
TDC (Y ) =
sen 60 =
TDE
TDE (Y)
TDC
TDE (X)
TDC (X)
TDC
sen 60 =
600
sen 60 =
3
2
cos 60 =
1
2
TDC(X )
TDC
TDC (X) = TDC cos 60
1
TDC(X ) = TDC
2
3
TDC
TDC(Y ) =
TDE(Y )
TDE
cos 60 =
TDE (Y) = TDE sen 60
TDE(X )
TDE
TDE (X) = TDE cos 60
TDE (Y ) = TDE
3
TDE
TDE(Y ) =
1
TDE (X ) = TDE
2
1
TDE (X ) = TDE
2
FX = 0
TBD - TDE (X) + TDC (X) = 0
TBD = 346,4 Newton
(compresin)
346,4
- TDE (X) + TDC (X) = 0
TDE (X) - TDC (X) = 346,4 ecuacin 1

Pero:
FY = 0
1
TDE (X ) = TDE
2
1
TDC(X ) = TDC
2
- 800 + TDE (Y) + TDC (Y) = 0

TDE (Y) + TDC (Y) = 800 ecuacin 2
Pero:
Reemplazando en la ecuacin 1
1
TDE
2
1
- TDC = 346,4 ecuacin 3
2
TDE(Y ) =
TDC(Y ) =
3
TDE
2
3
TDC
2
3
3
TDE +
2 TDC = 800 ecuacin 4

2
resolver ecuacin 3 y ecuacin 4
1
1
TDE - TDC = 346,4 multiplicar por
2
2
3
3
TDE +
2 TDC = 800
2
3
TDC = 346,4
-
3
3
TDE +
2 TDC = 800
2
3
TDE
2
[ 3]
[ 3 ]= 600
3
3
TDE +
2 TDE = 600 + 800 = 1400

2
3
TDE = 1400
2
3 TDE = 1400
TDE =
1400
= 808,29 N
3
TDE = 808,29 Newton (compresin)

Reemplazando en la ecuacin 4, se halla TDC
3
3
TDE +
2 TDC = 800 ecuacin 4

2
3
3
(808,29 ) +
2 TDC = 800
2
3
TDC = 800
700 +
2 TDC = 800 - 700 = 100
2 200
TDC = 100
= 115,47 N
=
3
3
TDC = 115,47 Newton (Tensin)
Problema 6.1 ESTATICA BEDFORD edic 4
Determine the axial forces in the members of the truss and indicate whether they are in tension (T) or
compression (C)
A
10 KN
10 KN
2m
2m
BX
MC = 0
BY (1) 10 (2) = 0
BY (1) = 10 (2)
BY = 20 KN
2m
1m
BX
C
BY
1m
10 KN
C
BY
CY
FX = 0
FY = 0
10 BX = 0
CY BY = 0
BX = 10 KN
CY = BY
1m
CY
Pero: BY = 20 KN
CY = 20 KN
NUDO B
FBA
BX
FY = 0
FX = 0
FBC
BY
FBC BX = 0
FBA BY = 0
FBA = BY
FBC = BX
pero: BY = 20 KN
pero: BX = 10 KN
FBA = 20 KN (tensin)
FBC = 10 KN (tensin)
NUDO A
A
10 KN
FBA
FBA
2
1
FAC
FAC
FBA 10 FAC
= =
2
1
5
10 KN
Hallamos FAC
10 FAC
=
1
5
( )
FAC = 10 5 = 22,36 KN
FAC = 22,36 KN (compresin)

La armadura mostrada soporta una carga de 10 kN en C.
a) Dibuje el diagrama de cuerpo libre de toda la armadura y determine las reacciones en sus
soportes
b) Determine las fuerzas axiales en las barras. Indique si se encuentran a tensin (T) o a
compresin (C) .
BY
BX
FCB
FAB
=0
FAB
=0
3m
MB = 0
AX
AX (3) - 10 (4) = 0
AX =
40
= 13,33KN
3
AX = 13,33 KN
A
FCA
FCA
AX (3) = 10 (4)
3 AX = 40
FCB
4m
C
10 KN
FY = 0
BY - 10 = 0
BY = 10 KN
MA = 0
BX (3) - 10 (4) = 0
BX (3) = 10 (4)
3 BX = 40
BX =
40
= 13,33KN
3
BX = 13,33 KN
10
NUDO C
FCB
3
10 KN
FCA
C
10 KN
5
4
FCB
FCA
FCB FCA 10
=
=
5
4
3
Hallar FCA
Hallar FCB
FCA 10
=
4
3
FCB 10
=
5
3
(5)10 = 16,66 KN
FCB =
3
FCA =
(4)10 = 13,33 KN
3
FCA = 13,33 kN (compresin)
FCB = 16,66 kN (Tensin)

NUDO A
FY = 0
AX = 13,33 KN
FAB = 0
FX = 0
AX - FCA = 0
AX = FCA
Pero: FCA = 13,33 kN
AX = FCA =13,33 kN
FAB
AX
=0
A
FCA
BY = 10 KN
BX = 13,33 KN
FCB = 16,66 kN (Tensin)

FCA = 13,33 kN (compresin)
FAB = 0
11

The members of the truss are all of lenght L. Determine the axial forces in the members and indicate
whether they are in tension (T) or compression (C)
F
D
F
FBD
FBA
FBC
FBA
FBC
A
AX = 0
L
FBD
FCD
FCD
FAC
FAC
CY
AY
L
NUDO D
F
F
FBD
FBD
FBD
FBD
D
FDC
600
FCD
FDC (Y)
FDC
MC = 0
AX = 0
AY (L) F (L/2) = 0
FDC (X)
L
AY
CY
FDC
L/2
AY (L) = F (L/2)
AY = F
MA = 0
CY (L) F ( L + L/2) = 0
CY (L) - F ( 3/2 L) = 0
CY (L) = F ( 3/2 L)
CY = F ( 3/2)
CY = 3/2 F
sen 60 =
cos 60 =
FDC(X )
FDC
FDC (X) = FDC cos 60
1
FDC(X ) = FDC
2
sen 60 =
3
2
cos 60 =
1
2
FDC(Y )
FDC
12
FDC (Y) = FDC sen 60
FDC(Y ) = FDC
3
FDC
FDC(Y ) =
FY = 0
- F + FDC (Y) = 0
F = FDC (Y)
Pero:
FDC (Y) = FDC sen 60
F = FDC sen 60
DESPEJANDO FDC
FDC =
1
(F) = 1,154 F
sen 60
FDC = 1,154 F (Compresion)
FX = 0
AX = 0
FX = 0
FY = 0
- FBD + FDC (X) = 0
AY + EY 400 - 800 = 0
FBD = FDC (X)

Pero:
FDC (X) = FDC cos 60
FBD = FDC cos 60
Pero: FDC = 1,154 F
F
FBD = (1,154 F) cos 60

FBD = 0,577 F (tensin)
NUDO B
FBA
FBC
FBC
FBC
FBA
FBA
FBD
FBC
A
AX = 0
FBD
FBA
FBD
FBD
L
AY
CY
13
sen 60 =
FBA(Y )
TAB
FBA (Y) = TBA sen 60
FBA(Y ) = FBA
3
FBA
FBA(Y ) =
sen 60 =
FBC(Y )
FBC
cos 60 =
FBA(X )
FBA
FBD
0
60
FBA (X) = FBA cos 60
1
FBA(X ) = FBA
2
1
FBA(X ) = FBA
2
FBA (Y)
600
FBC
FBA
FBC (Y)
FBC (X)
FBA (X)
FBC (Y) = TBC sen 60
FBC(Y ) = FBC
2
3
FBC
FBC(Y ) =
FX = 0
cos 60 =
FBC(x )
FBC
FBC (X) = FBC cos 60
1
FBC (X ) = FBC
2
FBD - FBC (X) - FBA (X) = 0
FBD - FBC(X ) - FBA (X ) = 0

FBC(X ) + FBA (X ) = FBD
sen 60 =
3
2
cos 60 =
1
2
PERO:
FBD = 0,577 F
FBC(X ) + FBA (X ) = 0,577 F

1
1
FBC + FBA = 0,577 F (ECUACIN 1)
2
2
FY = 0
FBC (Y) - FBA (Y) = 0
3
3
FBC
2
2 FBA = 0 (ECUACIN 2)
1
1
FBC + FBA = 0,577 F multiplicar por
2
2
[ 3]
14
3
3
FBC -
2
2 FBA = 0
3
3
FBC +
2 FBA = 3
2
3
3
FBC -
2 FBA = 0
2
( ) (0,577 F)
3
FBC = F
2
3 FBC = F
1
FBC =
F
3
FBC = 0,577 F (compresin)
3
3
FBC
2 FBA = 0 (ECUACIN 2)
2
3
3
(0,577 F )
2 FBA = 0
2
3
3
(0,577 F ) =
2 FBA
2
Cancelando terminos semejantes
(0,577 F) = FBA
FBD
FBA = 0,577 F (tensin)
FBD
FBA
FBC
FCD
NUDO A
FBA
FBA
L
FBA
L/2
AY
L/2
FCD
FAC
FAC
AY
FAC
AY
FBC
CY
FAC
15
FBA FAC
=
L
L2
FBA 2 FAC
=
L
L
AY = F
CY = 3/2 F
Cancelando trminos semejantes

FBA = 2 FAC
FDC = 1,154 F (Compresion)
Pero: FBA = 0,577 F
FBD = 0,577 F (tensin)
0,577 F = 2 FAC
FAC =
0,577
F
2
FBC = 0,577 F (compresin)
FAC = 0,288 F (Compresin)
FBA = 0,577 F (tensin)
Problema 6.13 bedford edic 4

La armadura recibe cargas en C y E. Si F = 3 KN, cuales son las fuerzas axiales BC y BE?
AX=0
AY
1m
A FAB
FCA
FAB
1m
FEB
D
FDB
FGD
FDE
FCB
1m
FCA
1m
FDB
FCB
FEC
C
3 kN
FEB
FGD
FDE
FEC
FGE
FGE
GY
6 kN
MG = 0
6 (1) + 3 (1 +1) - AY (1+1+1) = 0
16
6 (1) + 3 (2) - AY (3) = 0

6 + 6 3 AY = 0
6 + 6 = 3 AY
FX = 0
AX = 0
12 = 3 AY
AY =
12
= 4 KN
3
AY = 4 KN
MA = 0
- 3 (1) - 6 (1 +1) + GY (1+1+1) = 0
- 3 - 6 (2) + GY (3) = 0
- 3 - 12 + 3 GY = 0
- 15 + 3 GY = 0
3 GY = 15
GY =
15
= 5 KN
3
AX
AY
1m
1m
1m
GY = 5 KN
FGD
NUDO G
1m
FGD
FGD
G
G
FGE
GY
FGE
3 kN
FGE
FGE
GY
6 kN
FGD
GY = 5 KN
Las ecuaciones de equilibrio para la junta G son:
FGD FGE 5
=
=
1
1
2
Hallar FGD
Hallar FGE
FGE 5
=
1
1
FGE = 5 KN (Tensin)
FGD
=5
2
17
FGD = 2 (5)
FGD = 7,071 KN (compresin)
NUDO D
D
FDB
AX
AY
1m
1m
1m
D
FDB
FDB
FDE
FGD
FDE
FGD
1m
FDB
FGD
FDE
FGD
G
1
FGE
FDE
3 kN
FGE
GY
6 kN
Las ecuaciones de equilibrio para la junta D son:

Hallar FDB
FGD FDE FDB

=
=
1
1
2
5 = FDB
PERO: FGD = 7,071 KN
FDB = 5 KN (compresion)
F
F
= DE = DB
1
1
2
5 = FDE = FDB
7,071
Hallar FDE
5 = FDE
AX
AY
1m
FDE = 5 KN (TENSION)
1m
1m
FDB
FEB
D
FDB
FGD
FDE
FDE
NUDO E
1m
FEB
FEB
FGD
FDE
FEC
FEC
C
E
FGE
3 kN
FEC
FGE
FGE
GY
6 kN
6 kN
18
sen 45 =
FEB(Y )
FEB
FEB (Y) = FEB sen 45
FEB(Y ) = FEB
2
FEB
FEB(Y ) =
cos 45 =
FEB(X )
FEB
FEB (X) = FEB cos 45
FEB(X ) = FEB
2
FEB
FEB(X ) =
FY = 0
FEB(X)
FEB(Y)
FDE = 5 KN
FEB
450
FEC
FGE = 5 KN
6 kN
FDE - 6 + FEB(Y) = 0
PERO: FDE = 5 kN
5 - 6 + FEB(Y) = 0
- 1 + FEB(Y) = 0
FEB(Y) = 1 KN
FEB =
FEB(Y )
1
=
= 1,414 kN
sen45 sen 45
FEB = 1,414 KN (tension)

FEB (X) = FEB cos 45
FEB (X) = (1,414) cos 45
FEB (X) = 1 KN
FX = 0
FGE - FEC - FEB (X) = 0
PERO:
FGE = 5 kN
FEB (X) = 1 KN
FGE - FEC - FEB (X) = 0
5 - FEC - 1 = 0
4 - FEC = 0
FEC = 4 KN (tension)
19
NUDO C
FCB
AX=0
FCA
AY
1m
A
FCA
FEC
1m
FEB
FCA
D
FDB
FCB
FEC
3 kN
FEB
FGD
FDE
FEC
FGE
FCA(Y )
sen 45 =
FCA
FGD
FDE
FCB
1m
1m
FDB
3 kN
FGE
GY
6 kN
FCA (Y) = FCA sen 45
FCA (Y ) = FCA
2
FCA
FCA (Y ) =
FX = 0
cos 45 =
FCA(X )
FCA
FCA(X)
FCA (X) = FCA cos 45
FEC - FAC (X) = 0

FEC = FAC (X)
PERO:
FEC = 4 kN
FCA (X ) = FCA
2
FCA
FCA (X ) =
FCA(Y)
FCB
FCA
450
FEC = 4 KN
3 kN
FAC (X) = 4 kN
FCA (X) = FCA cos 45
FY = 0
FCA =
- FCB - 3 + FCA(Y) = 0
FCA (X )
4
=
= 5,656kN
cos 45
0,7071
FCA = 5,656 KN (tension)
FCA (Y ) =
FCA (Y ) =
2
FCA
2
2
5,656 = 4 KN
2
PERO:
FCA (Y) = 4 kN
- FCB - 3 + 4 = 0
- FCB + 1 = 0
FCB = 1 KN (compresin)
FCA (Y) = 4 kN
20
NUDO A
AX=0
AY
1m
AY = 4 KN
AX=0
1m
D
FDB
FGD
FDE
FCB
1m
FCA
1m
FDB
FEB
FCA
FAB
FAB
FAB
FEB
FCB
FEC
FEC
FCA
FGD
FDE
C
3 kN
FCA FAB A Y
=
=
1
1
2
FGE
FGE
GY
6 kN
FAB
1
FCA
PERO: AY = 4 KN
FAB A Y
=
1
1
AY = 4 KN
FAB = 4 KN (compresin)
Problema 6.14 bedford edic 4
If you don't want the members of the truss to be subjected to an axial load (tension or compression)
greater than 20 kn, what is the largest acceptable magnitude of the downward force F?
12 m
12 m
4m
13 m
3m
tg =
5
= 0,4166
12
5m
4m
= arc tg (0,4166)
= 22,610
3m
21
tg =
4
= 1,3333
3
+ = 900
= arc tg (1,3333)
+ + = 900
= 90 -
= 53,120
= 90 - 53,12
pero:
= 36,870
= 22,610
= 36,870
+ + = 900
NUDO A
36,87 + 22,61 + = 900
FAB(X)
=36,870
= 900 - 36,87 - 22,61

F
FAB(Y)
FAB
= 30,520
FAC(Y)
FAC
FAC(X)
sen 36,87 =
FAB(Y )
FAB
FAB (Y) = FAB sen 36,87
FAB(Y ) = (0,6 ) FAB
FAC(X )
FAC
FAC(X )
sen 30,52 =
FAC
sen =
FAC (X) = FAC sen 30,52
cos 36,87 =
FAB(X )
FAB
FAB (X) = FAB cos 36,87
FAB(X ) = (0,8) FAB
cos 30,52 =
FAC(Y )
FAC
FAC (Y) = FAC cos 30,52
FAC(Y ) = (0,8614 ) FAC
FAC(X ) = (0,507 ) FAC

FX = 0
FAC(X) - FAB (X) = 0
0,507 FAC - 0,8 FAB = 0 ECUACION 1
FY = 0
FAC (Y) - F - FAB (Y) = 0
22
0,8614 FAC - F - 0,6 FAB = 0 ECUACION 2

NUDO C
FCB
FAC(X)
FCB(X)
FAC
FAC(Y)
FCD
FCB (Y)
FCB
FAC
= 53,120
sen 53,12 =
FCD
FCB(Y )
FCB
cos 53,12 =
FCB (Y) = FCB sen 53,12
FCB(X )
FCB
FAC(X ) = (0,507 ) FAC

FAC(Y ) = (0,8614 ) FAC
FCB (X) = FCB cos 53,12
FCB(Y ) = (0,7998 ) FCB
FCB(X ) = (0,6 ) FCB
FX = 0
FCD - FAC(X) - FCB (X) = 0
FCD 0,507FAC - 0,6 FCB = 0 ECUACION 3
FY = 0
FCB (Y) - FAC (Y) = 0
0,7998 FCB - 0,8614 FAC = 0 ECUACION 4
NUDO D
DX
A
FCD
12 m
FX = 0
DX - FCD = 0 ECUACION 5
0,507 FAC - 0,8 FAB = 0 ECUACION 1
0,7998 FCB - 0,8614 FAC = 0 ECUACION 4
DX - FCD = 0 ECUACION 5
DESPEJAMOS F en la ecuacin 2
BY
FAC
B
BX
FCB
FDB
4m
FDB
DX
FAC
FCB
D FCD FCD
3m
0,8614 FAC - 0,6 FAB = F ECUACION 6
23
Resolver la ecuacin 1
0,507 FAC - 0,8 FAB = 0
0,507 FAC = 0,8 FAB
Despejando
FAC
0,8
FAC =
FAB = 1,577 FAB
0,507
FAC = 1,577 FAB
Reemplazar FAC en la ecuacin 6
0,8614 (1,577 FAB ) - 0,6 FAB = F
1,3592 FAB - 0,6 FAB = F
0,7592 FAB = F
Despejando
FAB
1
F = 1,317 F
0,7592
FAB = 1,317 F
FAB =
Reemplazar FAB en la ecuacin 6

0,8614 FAC - 0,6 (1,317 F) = F
0,8614 FAC - 0,79 F = F
0,8614 FAC = F + 0,79 F
0,8614 FAC = 1,79 F
1,79
F = 2,078 F
0,8614
FAC = 2,078 F
FAC =
Reemplazar FAC en la ecuacin 4

0,7998 FCB - 0,8614 FAC = 0 ECUACION 4
0,7998 FCB - 0,8614 (2,078 F) = 0
0,7998 FCB - 1,79 F = 0
0,7998 FCB = 1,79 F
FCB =
1,79
F = 2,238 F
0,7998
FCB = 2,238 F
FAB = 1,317 F
FAC = 2,078 F
FCB = 2,238 F
FCD = 2,395 F
FDB = 0
Reemplazar FAC y FCB en la ecuacin 3
24

FCD 0,507 (2,078 F ) - 0,6 (2,238 F) = 0
FCD 1,053 F
- 1,342 F = 0
FCD = 1,053 F
+ 1,342 F
FCD = 2,395 F
LA ESTRUCTURA MAS CRITICA ES FCD
2,395 F = 20
F=
20
= 8,35 KN
2,395
F = 8,35 KN
Problema 6.1 beer edic 6
Por el mtodo de los nudos, halla la fuerza en todas las barras de la armadura representada indicar en
cada caso si es traccin o compresin.
A
4m
1,92 N
1,92 N
BY
3m
la reaccin en B?
FY = 0
1,92 N
BY 1,92 - CY = 0
1,92 ( 3) - CY (4,5) = 0
5,76 - CY (4,5 ) = 0
CY (4,5 ) = 5,76
5,76
CY =
= 1,28 N
4,5
CY = 1,28 N
CY
4,5 m
MB = 0
4m
B
BY
3m
CY
BY 1,92 1,28 = 0
BY = 3,2 Newton
4,5 m
25
Nudo B
FAB
FAB
B
FBC
BY
BY
FBC
FAB FBC 3,2

=
=
5
3
4
Hallar FBC
FBC 3,2
=
3
4
(3) 3,2 = 9,6 = 2,4 N
FBC =
4
4
Hallar FAB
FAB 3,2
=
4
5
FAB =
BY = 3,2 N
(5) 3,2 = 16 = 4 N
FBc = 2,4 Newton (compresin)
4
4
FAB = 4 Newton(compresin)
FCA (Y)
Nudo C
FCA
C
8,5
CY
8,5
7,5
7,5
FCA (X)
FCA
FBC
C
CY
7,5
cos =
8,5
FCA (X) = cos (FCA)
FCA (X ) =
7,5
FCA
8,5
sen =
FX = 0
4
8,5
FBC FCA (X) = 0
FCA (Y) = sen (FCA)
FCA (Y ) =
4
FCA
8,5
FBC -
7,5
FCA = 0
8,5
7,5
FCA
8,5
7,5
2,4 =
FCA
8,5
(2,4) 8,5 = 20,4 = 2,72 Newton
FCA =
7,5
7,5
FCA = 2,72 Newton (traccin)
FBC =
26

A
0,75 m
0,75 m
AY
AX
0,4 m
FAC
FAB
tensin
FAB
FCB
1,4 m
0,4 m
tensin
1,4 m
2,8 KN
2,8 KN
compresin
FAC
C
FY= 0
FCB
C
CX
AY 2,8 = 0
MA = 0
AY = 2,8 KNewton
CX ( 1,4) - 2,8 (0,75) = 0
CX ( 1,4) = 2,8 (0,75)

1,4 CX = 2,1
2,1
CX =
= 1,5 N
1,4
CX = 1,5 KNewton
MC = 0
- AX ( 1,4) - 2,8 (0,75) = 0
-1,4 AX = 2,1
2,1
AX = = - 1,5 N
1,4
AX = - 1,5 KNewton (significa que la fuerza AX
esta direccionada hacia la izquierda)
0,75 m
AY
- AX ( 1,4) = 2,8 (0,75)
AX
A
B
1,4 m
2,8 N
MC = 0
0,4 m
AX ( 1,4) - 2,8 (0,75) = 0
AX ( 1,4) = 2,8 (0,75)

CX
1,4 AX = 2,1
2,1
AX =
= 1,5 N
1,4
27
AX = 1,5 KNewton
Nudo A
AY
AY
A
AX
AX
FAB
0,4
0,85
FAB (Y)
0,75
0,75
FAC
FAB
FAB
FAB (X)
FAC
0,75
cos =
0,85
FAB (X) = cos (FAB)
FAB (X ) =
0,85
0,4
AY
sen =
FAB
AX
FAC
0,75
FAB
0,85
0,4
0,85
FAB (Y) = sen (FAB)
FAB (Y ) =
FX = 0
- AX + FAB (X) = 0
0,75
- AX +
FAB = 0
0,85
0,75
AX =
FAB
0,85
FY= 0
AX
0,85
FAC
AX
0,75
0,85
(1,5)
FAB =
FAB
0,75
FAB = 1,7 KNewton (traccin)
FAB =
0,4
FAB
0,85
AY
AY FAC FAB (Y) = 0

0,4
A Y - FAC
FAB = 0
0,85
0,4
(1,7 ) = 0
2,8 - FAC
0,85
2,8 0,8 = FAC
FAC = 2 KNewton (Traccin)
Nudo C
FAC
sen =
FCB
CX
CX
FAC
FCB
1
1,25
cos =
0,75
1,25
FCB (Y) = sen (FCB)
FCB (X) = sen (FCB)
1
FCB (Y ) =
FCB
1,25
F
0,75
CB(X ) =
FCB
1,25
1,25
FCB
0,75
FCB (Y)
FCB (X)
28
FX = 0
0,75 m
AY
CX - FCB (X) = 0
AX
0,4 m
CX = FCB (X)
B
0,75
FCB
1,25
FAC
1,25
FCB
FCB =
CX
0,75
C
CX
CX = 1,5 KNewton
1,25
(1,5) = 2,5 KN
FCB =
0,75
FCB = 2,5 KNewton (compresin)
CX =
1,4 m
0,75
1m
2,8 N
FAC
FCB
CX

945 lb
FX = 0 BX = 0
MB = 0
CY ( 12 + 3,75) - 945 (12) = 0

9 pies
CY (15,75) - 945 (12) = 0

CY (15,75) = 945 (12)
15,75 CY = 11340
FBA
MC = 0
3,75 pies
FCA
945 lb
945 (3,75) - BY ( 12+ 3,75) = 0
945 (3,75) = BY ( 15,75)

3543,75 = 15,75 BY
3543,75
= 225 lb
15,75
BY = 225 lb.
BY =
12 pies
945 lb
11340
CY =
= 720 lb
15,75
CY = 720 lb
BX
FBC
FCA
FBA
FBC
CY
BY
9 pies
BX
BY
12 pies
CY
3,75 pies
29
NUDO B
sen =
9
15
cos =
12
15
FBA
FBA (X) = sen (FBA)
FBA (Y) = sen (FBA)
F
9
BA(X ) = FBA
15
F
12
BA(Y ) = FBA
15
FBA FBC B Y
=
=
15
12
9
FBA FBC 225
=
=
15
12
9
BY
FBA
BX
FBC
FBC
BX
BY
Hallar FBC
FBC 225
=
12
9
Hallar FBA
FBA 225
=
15
9
(
15) 225
FBA =
= 375 lb.
9
FBA = 375 lb. (compresin)
FBC =
(12) 225 = 300 lb.

9
FBC = 300 lb. (traccin)
Nudo C
FCA
FCA (X)
FBC
3,75
9,75
C
FCA
FBC
CY
CY
FCA (Y)
FCA
FCA
FBC
C
CY
FCA FBC C Y
=
=
9,75 3,75
9
FCA FBC
=
9,75 3,75
CY = 720 lb
Hallar FCA
(9,75)300 = 780 lb
FCA =
3,75
BY = 225 lb.
FBA = 375 lb. (compresin)
FCA = 780 lb. (compresin)
FCA = 780 lb. (compresin)
30

10,8 Kips
10,8 Kips
35 pies
22,5 pies
B
12 pies
D
FX = 0 AX = 0
MA = 0
D (22,5) - 10,8 (22,5) -10,8 (22,5 + 35) = 0
D (22,5) - 10,8 (22,5) -10,8 (57,5) = 0
10,8 Kips
A FAB
22,5 D - 243 - 621 = 0
FAB
FAD
FBC
FBC
FBD
AY
22,5 D = 864
864
= 38,4 Kips
22,5
D = 38,4 Kips
D=
D
D
MC = 0
10,8 Kips
AY (22,5 + 35) + 10,8 (35) D (35) = 0
10,8 Kips
AY (57,5) + 10,8 (35) (38,4) (35) = 0
AX
12 pies
AY
57,5 AY + 378 1344 = 0
35 pies
22,5 pies
10,8 Kips
57,5 AY = 966
966
AY =
= 16,8 Kips
57,5
AY = 16,8 Kips
Nudo A
A
A FAB
FAB
AY
FAD
AY
12
25,5
22,5
FAB
FAD
FAD
AY
FAD(Y)
12
25,5
22,5
FAD
FAD(X)
31
FAD FAB A Y
=
=
25,5 22,5
12
Hallar FAD
FAD 16,8
=
25,5
12
(
25,5)16,8
FAD =
= 35,7 Kips
12
AY = 16,8 Kips
FAD FAB 16,8
=
=
25,5 22,5
12
Hallar FAB
FAB 16,8
=
22,5
12
(22,5)16,8 = 31,5 Kips
FAB =
12
FAD = 35,7 Kips (compresin)
FAB = 35,7 Kips (tensin)

Nudo B
FAB
10,8 Kips
FAB
10,8 Kips
FBC
FBD
10,8 Kips
FAB
FBC
FBD
FBC
FBD
FX = 0
FY = 0
FBC FAB = 0
FBD 10,8 = 0
FAB = 35,7 Kips
FBD = 10,8 Kips (compresin)
FBC = FAB
FBC = 35,7 Kips (tensin)
Nudo C
10,8 Kips
10,8 Kips
FBC
FCD
37
35
FCD
FBC
12
10,8 Kips
FBC
FCD
FCD FBC 10,8

=
=
37
35
12
32
AX = 0 D = 38,4 Kips
AY = 16,8 Kips
Hallar FCD
FCD 10,8
=
37
12
(
37 )10,8
FCD =
= 33,3 Kips
12
FCD = 33,3 Kips (compresin)
FAB = 35,7 Kips (tensin)

FAD = 35,7 Kips (compresin)
FBC = 35,7 Kips (tensin)
FBD = 10,8 Kips (compresin)
FCD = 33,3 Kips (compresin)

Determine la fuerza en cada miembro de la armadura y establezca si los miembros estn en tensin o
en compresin. Considere P1 = 800 lb. y P2 = 400 lb.
AY
6 pies
8 pies
TCA
AX
TCA
TBC
TBA
tensin
tensin
TBA
P2 = 400 lb
CY
8 pies
TBC
P1 = 800 lb
MA = 0
- 400 (8) - 800 (6) + CY (6 + 8) = 0
- 400 (8) - 800 (6) + CY (14) = 0

- 3200 - 4800 + CY (14) = 0
FX = 0
- 8000 + CY (14) = 0
AX 400 = 0
CY (14) = 8000
AX = 400 lb.
CY =
8000
= 571,42 lb
14
CY = 571,42 lb
33
MC = 0
- AY (6 + 8) - 400 (8) + 800 (8) = 0
- AY (14) - 400 (8) + 800 (8) = 0

- 14 AY - 3200 = 0
14 AY = 3200
AY =
3200
= 228,57 lb
14
AY = 228,57 lb
NUDO B
TBC
TBA (X)
TBC
TBA
TBA
P2 = 400 lb
TBA (Y)
B
P2 = 400 lb
10
T
6 BA
TBC
8 2
P2 = 400 lb
TBC (Y)
TBC (X)
P1 = 800 lb
P1 = 800 lb
sen =
8 4
=
10 5
sen =
cos =
6 3
=
10 5
cos =
sen =
8
8 2
8
8 2
2
2
2
2
TBA(Y )
TBA(Y )= sen (TBA )
TBA
4
TBA(Y )= (TBA )
5
cos =
TBA(X )
TBA(X )= cos (TBA )
TBA
3
TBA(X )= (TBA )
5
P1 = 800 lb
sen =
TBC(Y )
TBC(Y )= sen (TBC )
TBC
2
(TBC )
TBC(Y )=
TBC(X )
TBC(X )= cos (TBC )
cos =
TBC
2
(TBC )
TBC(X )=
34
FX = 0
- 400 + TBC (X) - TBA (X) = 0
TBC (X) - TBA (X) = 400
2
(TBC ) - 3 TBA = 400 (Ecuacin 1)
2
5
FY = 0
- 800 + TBC (Y) + TBA (Y) = 0
TBC (Y) + TBA (Y) = 800
2
(TBC ) + 4 TBA = 800 (Ecuacin 2)
2
5
2
(TBC ) - 3 TBA = 400 ( -1)
2
5
2
(TBC ) + 4 TBA = 800
2
5
-
2
2
5
2
(TBC ) - 3 (285,71) = 400
2
5
2
(TBC ) + 3 TBA = - 400
2
5
2
(TBC ) + 4 TBA = 800
2
5
2
(TBC ) - 171,42 = 400
2
2
(TBC ) = 571,42
2
7
TBA = 400
5
(400)5
TBA =
7
2
TBC =
571,42
2
TBC = 808,12 lb. (Tensin)
TBA = 285,71 lb. (Tensin)

NUDO C
TCA
TBC
8 2
TBC
CY
CY
TCA
35
Las ecuaciones de equilibrio para el nudo C son:
TCA TBC C Y
=
=
8
8
8 2
Hallar TCA
TCA TBC
=
8
8 2
Pero:
TBC = 808,12 lb.
TCA 808,12
=
8
8 2
808,12
= 571,42 lb
2
TCA =
TCA = 571,42 lb (Compresin)

Determine la fuerza en cada miembro de la armadura y establezca si los miembros estn en tensin o
en compresin. Considere P1 = 500 lb. y P2 = 100 lb.
AY
6 pies
8 pies
TCA
AX
TCA
TBC
TBA
tensin
tensin
TBA
P2 = 100 lb
MA = 0
- 100 (8) - 500 (6) + CY (6 + 8) = 0
- 100 (8) - 500 (6) + CY (14) = 0

- 800 - 3000 + CY (14) = 0
CY
8 pies
TBC
P1 = 500 lb
FX = 0
AX 400 = 0
AX = 400 lb.
- 3800 + CY (14) = 0
CY (14) = 3800
36
CY =
3800
= 271,42 lb
14
CY = 271,42 lb
MC = 0
- AY (6 + 8) - 100 (8) + 500 (8) = 0
- AY (14) - 100 (8) + 500 (8) = 0

- AY (14) - 800 + 4000 = 0
- 14 AY + 3200 = 0
14 AY = 3200
AY =
3200
= 228,57 lb
14
AY = 228,57 lb
NUDO B
TBC
TBA (X)
TBC
TBA
TBA
P2 = 100 lb
TBA (Y)
B
P2 = 100 lb
10
T
6 BA
P2 = 400
100 lb
TBC
8 2
TBC (Y)
TBC (X)
P1 = 500 lb
P1 = 500 lb
sen =
cos =
8 4
=
10 5
6 3
=
10 5
TBA(Y )
TBA(Y )= sen (TBA )
sen =
TBA
P1 = 800
500 lb
sen =
cos =
8
8 2
8
8 2
2
2
2
2
4
TBA(Y )= (TBA )
5
cos =
TBA(X )
TBA(X )= cos (TBA )
TBA
37
3
TBA(X )= (TBA )
5
FX = 0
sen =
- 100 + TBC (X) - TBA (X) = 0

TBC (X) - TBA (X) = 100
2
2
5
FY = 0
- 500 + TBC (Y) + TBA (Y) = 0
TBC (Y) + TBA (Y) = 500
TBC(Y )
TBC(Y )= sen (TBC )
TBC
2
(TBC )
TBC(Y )=
cos =
TBC(X )
TBC(X )= cos (TBC )
TBC
2
(TBC )
TBC(X )=
2
(TBC ) + 4 TBA = 500 (Ecuacin 2)
5
2
2
(TBC ) - 3 TBA = 100 ( -1)
5
2
2
(TBC ) + 4 TBA = 500
5
2
-
2
(TBC ) + 3 TBA = - 100
2
5
2
(TBC ) + 4 TBA = 500
2
5
7
TBA = 400
5
(400)5
TBA =
7
2
5
2
2
(TBC ) - 3 (285,71) = 100
5
2
2
(TBC ) - 171,42 = 100
2
2
(TBC ) = 271,42
2
2
TBC =
271,42
2
38
NUDO C
TBC
TCA
CY
TBC
8 2
CY
TCA
Las ecuaciones de equilibrio para el nudo C son:
TCA TBC C Y
=
=
8
8
8 2
Hallar TCA
TCA TBC
=
8
8 2
Pero:
TBC = 383,84 lb.
TCA 383,84
=
8
8 2
TCA =
383,84
= 271,42 lb
2

La armadura, usada para soportar un balcn, esta sometida a la carga mostrada. Aproxime cada nudo
como un pasador y determine la fuerza en cada miembro. Establezca si los miembros estn en tensin o
en compresin. Considere P1 = 600 lb P2 = 400 lb.
P2 = 400 lb
P1 = 600 lb
B FBC
FAB
FAD
FBC
C CY
CX
FAB
FDC
FBD
4 pies
FBD
FAD
FDC
D FED
4 pies
E
FED
EX
EY = 0
4 pies
MC = 0
P1 (4 + 4) + P2 (4) EX (4) = 0
39
600 (4 + 4) + 400 (4) EX (4) = 0
4800 + 1600 4 EX = 0
B FBC
FAB
6400 4 EX = 0
FBC
C CY
CX
FAB
FAD
4 EX = 6400
EX =
P2 = 400 lb
P1 = 600 lb
600 (8) + 400 (4) 4 EX = 0
FDC
FBD
4 pies
FBD
6400
= 1600 lb
4
EX = 1600 lb
FDC
FAD
D FED
4 pies
FED
EX
EY = 0
4 pies
NUDO A
Las ecuaciones de equilibrio para el nudo A son:
P1 = 600 lb
FAB FAD 600

=
=
4
4
4 2
FAB
4
FAB
4 2
FAD
Hallar FAB
FAB = 600 lb
FAB = 600 lb (Tension)

NUDO E
E
FED
Hallar FAD
FAD
= 600
2
FAD =
( 2 ) 600 = 848,52 lb
FAD = 848,52 lb (compresin)
P2 = 400 lb
P1 = 600 lb
EX
EY = 0
B FBC
FAB
FAD
FX = 0
FED - EX = 0
FBC
C CY
CX
FAB
FDC
FBD
4 pies
FBD
FED = EX
FAD
PERO: EX = 1600 lb
FED = 1600 lb (compresin)
P1 = 600 lb
FAD
Cancelar trminos semejantes
F
FAB = AD = 600
2
FDC
D FED
4 pies
E
FED
EX
EY = 0
4 pies
FY = 0
40
EY = 0
NUDO B
P2 = 400 lb
P1 = 600 lb
P2 = 400 lb
FAB
B FBC
P2 = 400 lb
FAB
FAD
FBD
FBD
FBC
B FBC
FAB
FBC
C CY
CX
FAB
FDC
FBD
4 pies
FBD
FX = 0
FBC - FAB = 0
FDC
FAD
D FED
FBC = FAB
4 pies
FED
EX
EY = 0
4 pies
PERO: FAB = 600 lb (Tensin)

FBC = 600 lb (Tensin)
FY = 0
FBD - 400 = 0
FBD = 400 lb (compresin)
FY = 0
CY - 600 - 400 = 0
FX = 0
CX - EX = 0
CY - 1000 = 0
CX = EX
CY = 1000 lb.
PERO: EX = 1600 lb
CX = 1600 lb
B FBC
FAB
FAD
NUDO C
FBC
P2 = 400 lb
P1 = 600 lb
C CY
CX
FAB
FDC
FBD
FBC
FBC
4 pies
CY
FDC
CX
FDC (Y)
FBD
CY
FAD
FDC
FDC
D FED
CX
4 pies
E
FED
EX
EY = 0
4 pies
FY = 0
CY FDC(Y) = 0
41
CY = FDC(Y)
PERO: CY = 1000 lb.

FDC(Y) = 1000 lb
1
sen =
=
= 0,7071
4 2
2
sen =
FDC(Y )
FDC
FDC =
FDC(Y )
sen
FDC =
1000
= 1414,22 lb
0,7071
FDC = 1414,22 lb (tensin)
FDC
4 2
FDC (Y)
FDC (X)
FBD = 400 lb (compresin)

EX = 1600 lb
EY = 0
CX = 1600 lb
CY = 1000 lb.
FAB = 600 lb (Tensin)

42

La armadura, usada para soportar un balcn, esta sometida a la carga mostrada. Aproxime cada nudo
como un pasador y determine la fuerza en cada miembro. Establezca si los miembros estn en tensin o
en compresin. Considere P1 = 800 lb P2 = 0 lb.
FUERZA CERO
P1 = 800 lb
B FBC
FAB
FAD
C CY
FBC
CX
FAB
FDC
FBD = 0
4 pies
FBD = 0
FAD
FDC
D FED
4 pies
FED
EX
EY = 0
4 pies
MC = 0
P1 (4 + 4) EX (4) = 0
800 (4 + 4) EX (4) = 0
800 (8) 4 EX = 0
6400 4 EX = 0
4 EX = 6400
EX =
6400
= 1600 lb
4
P1 = 800 lb
EX = 1600 lb
NUDO A
FAD
FAB
P1 = 800 lb
4
FAB
4 2
B FBC
FAB
CX
FBD = 0
FDC
FBD = 0
P1 = 800 lb
FAD
FAD
FAD
Las ecuaciones de equilibrio para el nudo A son:
C CY
FAB
4 pies
4
FBC
FDC
D FED
4 pies
E
FED
EX
EY = 0
4 pies
FAB FAD 800

=
=
4
4
4 2
Cancelar trminos semejantes
43
F
FAB = AD = 800
2
Hallar FAD
FAD
= 800
2
FAD = 2 800 = 1131,37 lb
Hallar FAB
( )
FAB = 800 lb
NUDO E
FX = 0
FED - EX = 0
FED = EX
P1 = 800 lb
E
FED
EX
C CY
FBC
CX
FAB
FAD
EY = 0
PERO: EX = 1600 lb
B FBC
FAB
FBD = 0
4 pies
FDC
FBD = 0

FY = 0
EY = 0
FDC
FAD
D FED
4 pies
FED
EX
EY = 0
4 pies
NUDO B
FUERZA CERO
Si tres miembros forman un nudo de armadura en el cual dos de los miembros son colineales, el tercer
miembro es un miembro de fuerza cero siempre que ninguna fuerza exterior o reaccin de soporte este
aplicada al nudo.
FX = 0
FBC - FAB = 0
B FBC
FAB
FBC = FAB
Pero:
FBD
FUERZA CERO
P1 = 800 lb
B FBC
FAB
FAD
C CY
CX
FAB
FBD = 0
4 pies
FDC
FBD = 0

FAD
FY = 0
FBD = 0
FBC
FDC
D FED
4 pies
E
FED
EX
EY = 0
4 pies
44
FY = 0
FX = 0
CY - 800 = 0
CX - EX = 0
CX = EX
CY = 800 lb.
PERO: EX = 1600 lb
FDC
CX = 1600 lb
NUDO C
FDC
FY = 0
CY FDC(Y) = 0
CX
FDC
PERO: CY = 800 lb.
B FBC
FAB
1
= 0,7071
2
FDC
FBD = 0
FDC
4 pies
800
= 1131,38 lb
0,7071
E
FED
EX
EY = 0
4 pies
FBD = 0 lb
CX = 1600 lb
FBD = 0
D FED
FDC =
C CY
CX
FAD
FDC(Y )
sen
FBC
FAB
4 pies
4 2
FDC(Y )
sen =
FDC
EX = 1600 lb
FDC (X)
CY
P1 = 800 lb
FAD
FDC =
FDC (Y)
CX
FDC(Y) = 800 lb
sen =
FDC (Y)
C CY
FBC
CY = FDC(Y)
4 2
FBC
EY = 0

CY = 800 lb.
45
Problema c-34 esttica Hibbeler edic 10

Determine la fuerza en cada miembro de la armadura. Establezca si los miembros estn en tensin o en
compresin.
BY
FUERZA CERO
FCB
BX
FAB
FCB
3 pies
C
FDC
FCA
FCA
FDC
FAB
FDA A AX
FDA
2 pies
2 pies
300 lb
FDC
NUDO D
FDC
5
FDC 300 FDA

=
=
5
3
4
FDC
F
= 100 = DA
5
4
FDA
300 lb
3
4
FDA
300 lb
Hallar FDA
FDA
= 100
4
Hallar FCD
FDA = (4) 100 = 400 lb (compresin)
FDC = (5) 100 = 500 lb (Tensin)
FDC
= 100
5
FUERZA CERO
Si tres miembros forman un nudo de armadura en el cual dos de los miembros son colineales, el tercer
miembro es un miembro de fuerza cero siempre que ninguna fuerza exterior o reaccin de soporte este
aplicada al nudo.
FUERZA CERO
FCA = 0
FCB
FDC = FCB
Pero: FDC = 500 lb
C
FDC
FCA = 0
FCB = 500 lb (Tensin)
46
NUDO A
FCA = 0
BY
FAB = 0
FCA = 0
FDA A AX
FX = 0
FAB = 0
FCB
BX
FCB
AX
FDA
3 pies
C
FDC
FCA = 0
FDA - AX = 0
FAB = 0
FY = 0
FCB = 500 lb (Tensin)
FAB = 0
FDA = (4) 100 = 400 lb
FDC
FDA A AX
FDA
2 pies
2 pies
300 lb
(compresin)
FDC = (5) 100 = 500 lb

(Tensin)
Problema C-35 esttica Hibbeler edic 10
Determine la fuerza en los miembros AE y DC. Establezca si los miembros estn en tensin o en
E
compresin.
D
F
FAB
=0
FAE
FCD
3 pies
FAF = 0
A
AX = 0
AY
FAE
FCB = 0
FAB
FAB
B FCB = 0
4 pies
4 pies
FCD
C
CY
800 lb
FY = 0
AY 800 + CY = 0
Pero: CY = 400 lb
AY 800 + 400 = 0
AY 400 = 0
MA = 0
AY = 400 lb
- 800 (4 ) + CY (4 + 4) = 0
47
- 3200 + CY (8) = 0
CY (8) = 3200
CY =
3200
= 400 lb
8
CY = 400 lb
FCB = 0
FX = 0
AX = 0
FCD
C
CY
NUDO C
FY = 0
F
FAB
CY FCD = 0
Pero: CY = 400 lb
=0
FAE
FCD
3 pies
FAF = 0
CY = FCD
FAE
FCD = 400 lb (compresin) A = 0

X
FX = 0
FAB
CY
800 lb
FAE
NUDO A
FAF = 0
AX = 0
FCB = 0
4 pies
FCB = 0
FAB
4 pies
AY
FCD
FCB = 0
AY
FAE
FAB
FAB
FAB
=0
FAE
FCD
3 pies
FAF = 0
Pero: AY = 400 lb
A
FAE 400 FAB

=
=
5
3
4
AY
FAE A Y FAB
=
=
5
3
4
AX = 0
AY
FAE
FCB = 0
FAB
FAB
B FCB = 0
4 pies
4 pies
FCD
C
CY
800 lb
48
Hallar FAE
FAE 400
=
5
3
F AE =
Hallar FCD
FAB 400
=
4
3
400(5)
3
FAB = 533,33 lb (Tensin)
FAE = 666,66 lb (compresin)

Problema 6.8 esttica Hibbeler edic 10
Determine la fuerza en cada miembro de la armadura y establezca si los miembros estn a tensin o en
compresin. Considere P1 = 2 KN y P2 = 1,5 kN.
AY
A
AX
FBA
FBA
Y = 3,464
B
FCB
FBE
FDB
FBE
EX
ME = 0
- 2 (3) 1,5 (3 + 3) + AX (3,464) = 0
FDB
E
CY
FDE
FDE
YF1DB= 1,732
D
3m
FCD
FCB
300
FCD
3m
2 KN
- 6 1,5 (6) + 3,464 AX = 0
1,5 KN
- 6 9 + 3,464 AX = 0
- 15 + 3,464 AX = 0
3,464 AX = 15
AX =
15
= 4,33 kN
3,464
AX = 500 N
tg 30 =
Y
6
Y = 6 tg 30 = 6 (0,5773) = 3,464 m
Y
tg 30 = 1
3
Y1 = 3 tg 30 = 3 (0,5773) = 1,732 m
49
NUDO C
AY
FCB
300
AX
FCD
1,5 KN
B
FCB
FCB
FDB
1,5 KN
3,464
Y1 = 1,732
EX
3m
FCD
FCB
FDB
E
FDE
CY
FDE
300
FCD
FCD
2 KN
1,5 KN
Las ecuaciones de equilibrio para la junta C son:
FCB
F
1,5
=
= CD
3
3,464 1,732
Hallar FCD
F
1,5
= CD
3
1,732
Hallar FCB
FCB
1,5
=
3,464 1,732
FCB =
FCD =
1,5 (3,464 )
= 3 kN
1,732
FCD = 2,598 kN (compresin)
AY
A
AX
FCB = 3 kN (tensin)
NUDO D
1,5 (3)
= 2,598 kN
1,732
FDB
FDE
FCB
FDB
FDE
2 KN
FCD
2 KN
FY = 0
FX = 0
FDE - FCD = 0
FDB
FCD
FDB - 2 = 0
EX
CY
FCB
FDB
E
FDE
FDE
D
2 KN
30
FCD
FCD
1,5 KN
FDB = 2 kN (tensin)
FDE = FCD
50
Pero: FCD = 2,598 kN (compresin)

FDE = 2,598 kN (compresin)
NUDO B
AY
FBA
FBA
AX
FCB
FBE
FBA
FDB
FCB
FBE
FDB
FBE
FBA(X)
EX
FBA
FBA(Y)
CY
300
300
FBE(Y)
1
FBA(Y ) = FBA
2
FBE(Y )
sen 30 =
FBE
30
FCB
FCB(Y)
FCB(X)
FCD
FCD
1,5 KN
3
2
sen 60 =
1
2
FDB
cos 30 =
FBA(X )
FBA
FBA (X) = FBA cos 30
FBA(X ) = FBA
FBE(X )
FBE
cos 30 =
1
FBE(Y ) = FBE
2
FBE (X) = FBE cos 30
FCB(Y )
FCB
sen 30 =
FBE (Y) = FBE sen 30
sen 30 =
FDE
30
2 KN
FBE(X)
FBA (Y) = FBA sen 30
FDE
FBE
FBA(Y )
sen 30 =
FBA
FCB
FDB
cos 30 =
FCB(X )
FCB
FCB (X) = FCB cos 30
FCB(X ) = FCB
FBE(X ) = FBE
FCB (Y) = FCB sen 30
1
FCB(Y ) = FCB
2
51
FY = 0
FBA (Y) + FBE (Y) - FCB (Y) - FDB = 0
1
1
1
FBA + FBE - FCB - FDB = 0
2
2
2
Pero:
FDB = 2 kN (tensin)
FCB = 3 kN (tensin)
1
1
FBA + FBE
2
2
1
1
FBA + FBE
2
2
1
1
FBA + FBE
2
2
1
- (3) - 2 = 0
2
1
= (3) + 2
2
= 1,5 + 2 = 3,5
0,5 FBA + 0,5 FBE = 3,5 dividiendo por 0,5 (para simplificar)
FBA + FBE = 7 (Ecuacin 1)
FX = 0
- FBA (X) + FBE (X) + FCB (X) = 0
3
3
3
FBE +
FBA +
-
2 FCB = 0
2
2
- FBA + FBE + FCB = 0

Pero:
FCB = 3 kN (tensin)
- FBA + FBE + 3 = 0
- FBA + FBE = - 3 (- 1)
FBA - FBE = 3
(Ecuacin 2)
Resolver la ecuacin 1 y 2
FBA - FBE = 3
(Ecuacin 2)
52
2 FBA = 10
FBA =
10
= 5 kN
2
FBA = 5 kN (tensin)
AX = 500 N
FCB = 3 kN (tensin)
FCD = 2,598 kN (compresin)
FDE = 2,598 kN (compresin)
Pero: FBA = 5 kN (tensin)
FDB = 2 kN (tensin)
5 + FBE = 7
FBA = 5 kN (tensin)
FBE = 7 - 5
FBE = 2 kN (compresin)
FBE = 2 kN (compresin)
PROBLEMA RESUELTO ESTATICA MERIAM Edic 3.

Calcular, por el mtodo de los nudos, la fuerza en los miembros del entramado en voladizo
B
5m
FBD
FBD
5m
FAB
FBC
FAB
5m
FCD
FBC
FAC
FAC
5m
30 kN
FCE
5m
20 kN
TX
5m
600
600
TY
300
5m
600
EX
A
C
5m
30 kN
E
5m
EY
20 kN
53
ME = 0
- T (5) + 30 (5 + 5) + 20 (5) = 0
- 5 T + 30 (10) + 20 (5) = 0
- 5 T + 300 + 100 = 0
- 5 T + 400 = 0
5 T = 400
T=
400
= 80 N
5
T = 80 N
T
cos 30 = X
T
T
sen 30 = Y
T
TX = T cos 30
TY = T sen 30
Pero: T = 80 N
Pero: T = 80 N
TX = 80 (0,866)
TY = 80 (0,5)
TX = 69,28 N
TY = 40 N
FY = 0
FX = 0
TY + EY - 30 - 20 = 0
TX - EX = 0
TY + EY - 50 = 0
Pero: TX = 69,28 N
Pero: TY = 40 N
TX = EX
40 + EY - 50 = 0
EX = 69,28 N
EY - 10 = 0
EY = 10 KN
54
A continuacin, dibujamos los diagramas de slido libre que muestren las fuerzas actuantes en cada
nudo. La exactitud de los sentidos asignados a las fuerzas se comprueba al considerar cada nudo en el
orden asignado. No debe haber dudas acerca de la exactitud del sentido asignado a las fuerzas
actuantes en el nudo A. El equilibrio exige
NUDO A
FAB
FAB
30 FAC
=
=
5
4,33 2,5
FAB
Hallar FAB
FAC
30 kN
Se halla FAC
4,33
30 FAC
=
4,33 2,5
(30) 2,5 = 17,32 KN
FAC =
4,33
2,5
FAB
30
=
4,33
5
FAB =
FAC
30 kN
(30) 5 = 34,64 KN
FAC = 17,32 kN (compresion)
4,33
FAB = 34,64 kN (tensin)
FBD
NUDO B
B
FBC
FBD
FBC (Y)
FAB
FAB (Y)
FBC
FAB
600
FBC (X)
sen 60 =
FBC(Y )
FBC
FBC(Y) = FBC sen 60
FBC(Y ) = FBC
3
FBC
FBC(Y ) =
sen 60 =
FAB(Y )
FAB
FAB(Y) = FAB sen 60
600
FAB (X)
sen 60 =
cos 60 =
3
1
cos 60 =
2
2
FAB(X )
FAB
FAB(X) = FAB cos 60
1
FAB(x ) = FAB
2
1
FAB(x ) = FAB
2
cos 60 =
FBC(X )
FBC
FBC(X) = FBC cos 60
1
FBC(x ) = FBC
2
1
FBC(x ) = FBC
2
55
FAB(Y ) = FAB
3
FAB
FAB(Y ) =
FY = 0
FBC(Y) - FAB(Y) = 0
FBC(Y) = FAB(Y)
3
3
FBC =
2
2 FAB
FBC = FAB
PERO: FAB = 34,64 kN

FBC = 34,64 kN (compresin)
1
FAB(x ) = FAB
2
PERO: FAB = 34,64 kN
1
FAB(x ) = (34,64) = 17,32 KN
2
FAB(x) = 17,32 KN
FX = 0
- FAB(x) - FBC(x) + FBD = 0
3
FBC
FBC(x ) =
2
PERO: FBC = 34,64 kN
1
FBC(x ) = (34,64) = 17,32 KN
2
FBC(x) = 17,32 KN
PERO:
FAB(x) = 17,32 KN
FBC(x) = 17,32 KN
- FAB(x) - FBC(x) + FBD = 0
-17,32 17,32 + FBD = 0
- 34,64 + FBD = 0
FBD = 34,64 KN (tensin)
56
NUDO C
B
FCD
FBC
5m
FCE
5m
FAB
FBC
FAB
20 kN
FED
5m
FBD
FBD
FAC
FCD
FCD
FBC
FED
EX
FAC
FAC
5m
PERO:
FAC = 17,32 kN (compresion)
FBC(x) = 17,32 KN
FCE
FCE
5m
EY
20 kN
30 kN
FCD (X)
FBC (X)
3
FBC
FBC(Y ) =
2
3
(34,64) = 30 KN
FBC(Y ) =
2
FBC(Y) = 30 KN
FCD(X )
cos 60 =
FCD
FCD(X) = FCD cos 60
1
FCD(x ) = FCD
2
FX = 0
FCD(x) + FBC(x) + FAC FCE = 0
FBC
FCD
FBC (Y)
FCD(Y)
600
600
FAC
sen 60 =
FCE
FCD(Y )
FCD
FCD(Y) = FCD sen 60
20 kN
FCD(Y ) = FCD
3
FCD
FCD(Y ) =
PERO:
FAC = 17,32 kN (compresin)
FBC(x) = 17,32 KN
FCD(x) + 17,32 + 17,32 FCE = 0
57
FCD(x) + 34,64 FCE = 0
1
FCD - FCE = - 34,64 (Ecuacin 1)
2
3
FCD
FCD(Y ) =
2
FCD =
FCD(Y )
3
PERO: FCD(Y) = 50 KN
2
FCD =
50 = 57,73 KN
3
FCD = 57,73 kN (Tensin)
FY = 0
- FBC(Y) + FCD(Y) 20 = 0
PERO:
FBC(Y) = 30 KN
- 30 + FCD(Y) 20 = 0
- 50 + FCD(Y) = 0
FCD(Y) = 50 KN
Reemplazar en la ecuacin 1
1
FCD - FCE = - 34,64 (Ecuacin 1)
2
1
57,73 - FCE = - 34,64
2
28,86 FCE = - 34,64
FCE = - 34,64 - 28,86
FCE = - 63,5 (-1)
FCE = 63,5 KN (compresin)
NUDO E
B
FED
E
5m
FAB
FED
5m
FBD
FBD
EX
FCE
5m
FBC
FCD
EY
FAB
FCD
FBC
FED
FY = 0
EY - FED (Y) = 0
EX
5m
FED (Y) = EY
PERO:
FAC
FAC
30 kN
FCE
FCE
5m
E
EY
20 kN
EY = 10 KN
58
FED (Y) = 10 KN
FED (X)
FED(Y )
sen 60 =
FED
FED
FED (Y) = FED sen 60
FED (Y)
FED(Y )
10
=
= 11,54 kN
sen 60 0,866
FED =
600
T = 80 N
EX
FCE
FED = 11,54 KN (compresin)

EX = 69,28 N
EY
EY = 10 KN
FAB = 34,64 kN (tensin)
FAC = 17,32 kN (compresin)
FBD = 34,64 KN (tensin)
FCD = 57,73 kN (Tensin)
FCE = 63,5 KN (compresin)
FED = 11,54 KN (compresin)

Hallar la fuerza en cada miembro de la armadura cargada
B
600N
600N
1,25 m
1,25 m
A
A
AX
AY
B
3m
CY
FBC
CY (3) 600 (1,25) = 0
3 CY 750 = 0
3 CY = 750
CY =
3m
600N
FBA
MA = 0
FBA
AX
FCA
AY
FBC
FCA
C
CY
750
= 250 N
3
CY = 250 N
59
MC = 0
AY (3) 600 (1,25) = 0
FX = 0
3 AY 750 = 0
600 AX = 0
3 AY = 750
AY =
600 = AX
750
= 250 N
3
AX = 600 Newton
AY = 250 N
B
Nudo B
B
600N
FBA
FBC
600N
FBC
FBC
1,25
FBA
FBA
3,25
3
FBC
FBA
AX
FCA
FCA
CY
AY
600N
FBC FBA 600

=
=
3
3,25 1,25
FBC FBA
=
= 200
3,25 1,25
Hallar FBC
Hallar FAB
FBC
= 200
3,25
FBA
= 200
1,25
FBC = 200 (3,25)
FAB = 200 (1,25)
FBC = 650 Newton (compresin)
FAB = 250 Newton (traccin)

Nudo C
FBC
B
C
FCA
FBC
CY = 250 N
CY
1,25
FBC
3,25
3
FBC C Y FCA
=
=
3
3,25 1,25
600N
FBA
FCA
FBA
AX
FCA
AY
FBC
FCA
C
CY
60
650 C Y FCA
=
=
3
3,25 1,25
CY = 250 N AX = 600 Newton
Hallar FCA
AY = 250 N
650 FCA
=
3
3,25
(650) 3
FCA =
3,25
FAB = 250 Newton (traccin)

FCA = 600 Newton (traccin)
FCA = 600 Newton (traccin)
Problema 4.1 Esttica Meriam edicin cinco; Problema 4.2 Esttica Meriam edicin tres
Hallar la fuerza en cada miembro de la armadura simple equiltera
AY
AX A
1,732 m
2m
2m
CX (2) - 735,75 ( 1,732) = 0
W=mxg
m
w = 75 kg 9,81
= 735,75 Newton
2
seg
W = 735,75 Newton
CX (2) = 1274,31
CX =
735,75 N
CX
MA = 0
2m
1274,31
= 637,15 N
2
CX = 637,15 Newton
FX = 0
FY = 0
CX - AX = 0
AY 735,75 = 0
CX = AX
AY = 735,75 Newton
AX = 637,15 Newton
61
Nudo B
FBA
300
367,87 N
FBC
735,75 N
FBA 367,87
=
2
1
FBA
1,732
FBA = 2 X 367,87
735,75 N
1,732
1
367,87 N
FBA = 735,75 Newton
FBC
FBC 367,87
=
2
1
Nudo C
FBC FCA C X
=
=
1
1,732
2
FBC = 2 X 367,87
FBC = 735,75 Newton
FBC = 735,75 Newton (compresin)
735,75 FCA
=
2
1
735,75
FCA =
2
CX
FBC
FCA
300
CX
FCA
FBC
1,732
FCA = 367,87 Newton (tensin)

Hallar la fuerza en cada miembro de la armadura cargada. Explicar por que no hace falta saber las
longitudes de los miembros.
300
2,4 kN
2,4 kN
600
300
600
AX
AY
CY
62
Nudo B
2,4 kN
2,4 kN
FBA
300
2,4 kN
FBA
FBC
FBA (Y)
600
FBA
FBC
FBC (Y)
FBA (X)
FBA(Y )
sen 30 =
FBA
FBC
FBA(Y) = FBA sen 30
1
FBA(Y ) = FBA
2
1
FBA(Y ) = FBA
2
sen 60 =
FBC (X)
sen 30 =
1
2
sen 60 =
FBC(Y )
FBC
FBC(Y) = FBC sen 60
FBC(Y ) = FBC
2
3
FBC
FBC(Y ) =
FX = 0
3
2
cos 60 =
1
2
cos 30 =
cos 30 =
cos 60 =
FBC(X )
FBC
FBC(X) = FBC cos 60
1
FBc(x ) = FBC
2
1
FBc(x ) = FBC
2
3
2
FBA(X )
FBA
FBA(X) = FBA cos 30
FBA(x ) = FBA
3
FBA
FBA(x ) =
FBA(X) - FBC(X) = 0
3
1
2 FBA - 2 FBC = 0 (ECUACIN 1)
FY = 0
FBA(Y) + FBC(Y) - 2,4 = 0
Resolver las ecuaciones
( )
3
1
FBA - FBC = 0 3
2
2
3
1
FBC = 2,4
FBA +
2
2
3
1
FBC = 2,4 (ECUACIN 2)
FBA +
2
2
63
3
FBC = 0
-
3
1
FBC = 2,4
FBA +
2
2
3
FBA
2
3
1
FBA + FBA = 2,4
2
2
2 FBA = 2,4
FBA =
2,4
= 1,2 kN
2
FBA = 1,2 kN (compresin)
3
1
2 FBA - 2 FBC = 0 (ECUACIN 1)
3
1
FBA = FBC
2
2
3 FBA = FBC
FBA = 1,2 kN
3 (1,2 ) = FBC
FBC
Nudo C
cos 60 =
FCA(X )
FCA
FCA (X) = (cos 60) FCA

FX = 0
FBC
0
60
600
FCA
CY
FCA
FCA (X)
CY
600
FCA
FCA (Y)
FCA (X) - FBC = 0

(cos 60) FCA - FBC = 0
64
(cos 60) FCA = FBC
FBC 2,078
=
= 1,039 kN
cos 60
0,5
FCA =
FBA = 1,039 kN (traccin)

Determine the force in each member of the truss. Note the presence of any zero-force members.
5 kN
AY
Ax
FAB
MA = 0
3m
FAB
FBC
DX (1) - 5 (3) = 0
1m
DX - 15 = 0
FCA
FBC
FBC
FCA
FCD
DX = 15 KN
Dx
FCD
FBC
C
2m
FX = 0
DX AX = 0
5 kN
AY
DX = AX
Ax
b=3m
A
FBC
1m
=26,560
c= 5
FBC
a=2 2
D
Dx
2m
PERO: DX = 15 KN
AX = 15 KN
FY = 0
AY 5 = 0
65
ley de cosenos
AY = 5 KN
a2 = b2 + c2 2 b c sen
2
tg =
1
a 2 = (3)2 +
= arc tg (2)
= 63,430
( 5 )2 - 2 (3) ( 5 )sen 26,56
a2 = 9 + 5- 6
+ = 900
( 5 )(0,4471)
= 90 -
a 2 = 14 - 2,68
= 900 63,43
= 26,560
( 5)
a 2 = 14 - 6 a 2 = 8
a= 8 =2 2
FAB
NUDO B
FBC(X)
5 kN
FBC
FAB
5 kN
=450
FBC(Y)
FBC
FBC
ley de cosenos
c2 = a2 + b2 2 a b sen
( 5 )2 = (2 2 )2 + (3)2 - 2 (2 2 )(3) sen

5 = 8 + 9 - 12 ( 2 ) sen
= arc tg 0,7071
= 450
cos = cos 45 = 0,7071
sen = sen 45 = 0,7071
5 = 8 + 9 - 16,97 sen
5 = 17 - 16,97 sen
16,97 sen = 17 - 5 = 12
12
sen =
= 0,7071
16,97
FBC(X) = FBC cos 45

Pero:
FBC = 7,071 KN
FBC(X) = FBC cos 45
66
FBC(X) = FBC cos 45
FBC(X )
cos 45 =
FBC
FBC(X) = FBC cos 45
Pero:
FBC = 7,071 KN
FBC(X) = FBC cos 45
FY = 0
FBC(Y) 5 = 0
FBC(X) = (7,071) (0,7071)
FBC(Y) = 5 kN
FBC(X) = 5 kN
FBC(Y )
5
=
= 7,071 kN
sen 45 0,7071
FBC = 7,071 KN
FX = 0
FBC(X) FAB = 0
FBC =
FAB = FBC(X) FAB = 5 kN
NUDO C
5 kN
FCA
FCD
AY
FBC
C
Ax
3m
FAB
A
FBC
1m
FCA(X )
cos 26,56 =
FCA
FCA(X) = FCA cos 26,56
FAB
=450
FCA
FBC
FBC
FCA
FCD
Dx
FCD
FBC
C
2m
FCA(X) = 0,8944 FCA
FBC(X)
FY = 0
FCA(Y) FBC(Y) = 0
FCA(Y) = FBC(Y)
FBC(Y)
FBC
=450
FCD
0
Pero: FBC (Y) = 5 kN
=26,56
FCA
FCA(Y) = 5 kN
sen 26,56 =
FCA =
FCA(Y )
FCA
FCA(Y)
FCA(X)
FCA(Y )
5
=
= 11,18 kN
sen 26,56 0,4471
67
FCA = 11,18 kN (tensin)

FX = 0
- FBC(X) + FCD FCA(X) = 0
Reemplazando la ecuacin 1
FCD 0,8944 FCA = 5 (Ecuacin 1)
Pero: FBC(X) = 5 kN
Pero: FCA = 11,18 kN
- 5 + FCD FCA(X) = 0
FCD 0,8944 (11,18) = 5
FCD FCA(X) = 5
FCD 10 = 5
FCA(X) = 0,8944 FCA
FCD = 5 + 10 = 15 kN
FCD 0,8944 FCA = 5 (Ecuacin 1)
FCD = 15 Kn (compresin)
5 kN
AY
NUDO D
Ax
FAB
FX = 0
DX - FCD = 0
DX = FCD
3m
FBC
1m
Fy = 0
FBC
FBC
FCA
FCD
Dx
=450
FCA
Pero:
FCD = 15 Kn
FAB
FCD
FBC
C
2m
FBC = 0
68
Problema 4.4 Esttica Meriam edicin tres; Problema 4.6 Esttica Meriam edicin cinco;
Hallar la fuerza en cada miembro de la armadura cargada
E
3m
FED
FAE
D
FED
2 kN
FBD
FEB
FCD
FCD
FEB
MC = 0
FAE
- AY (6) + 2 (3) = 0
6 AY = 2 (3)
AY = 1 kN
FAB
AY
FAB
FBC
C
FBC
6m
CX
CY
FX = 0
MA = 0
CX 2 = 0
2 (3) - CY (6) = 0
FBD
CX = 2 kN
2 (3) = CY (6)
CY = 1 kN
Nudo A
FAE
4,24
FAE
CY
FAB
AY
FAB
C Y FAB FAE
=
=
4,24
3
3
Se halla FAB
CY = 1 kN
1 FAB
=
3
3
1 FAB FAE
=
=
4,24
3
3
FAB = 1 kN (tension)
Se halla FAE
1 FAE
=
3 4,24
FAE =
4,24
= 1,41kN
3
FAE = 1,413 Kn (compresin)
69
Nudo E
E
4,24
FED
FAE
FEB
FAE
FED
FEB
FEB FED FAE

=
=
4,24
3
3
FAE = 1,413 kN
FEB FED 1,413

=
=
3
3
4,24
Se halla FEB
Se halla FED
FEB
= 0,3332
3
FED
= 0,3332
3
FEB = 3 (0,3332) = 1 kN
(tensin)
FED = 3 (0,3332) = 1 kN
(compresin)
FEB FED
=
= 0,3332
3
3
Nudo B
FEB
FBC
FBD
4,24
B
FAB
FBD
FBC
3
FBD (Y)
FEB = 1 kn
FBD
FAB = 1 kN
FBD (X)
3
tg = = 1
3
= arc tg (1)
= 450
FY = 0
FEB - FBD(Y) = 0
FBD(Y )
sen =
FBD
FBD(Y )
sen 45 =
FBD
1 = FBD(Y)
FBD (sen 45) = FBD(Y)
1 = FBD (sen 45)
FBD(X )
cos =
FBD
FBD(X )
cos 45 =
FBD
FBD =
FEB = FBD(Y)
FEB = 3 (0,3332) = 1 kN
1
1
=
= 1,414 kN
sen 45 0,7071
FBD = 1,414 kN
70
FBD (X) = FBD (cos 45)
FX = 0
FBD = 1,414 kN
FBC - FBD (X) FAB = 0
FBD (X) = 1,414 (cos 45)
FBC = FBD (X) + FAB
Pero: FAB = 1 kN
Pero: FBD (X) = 1 kN
FBC = 1 + 1
FBD (X) = 1,414 (0,7071)
FBC = 2 kN
FBD (X) = 1 kN
Nudo C
FCD
CX
FCD
FCD - CY = 0
CX - FBC = 0
CX
FBC
CY
FY = 0
FX = 0
CY
FBC
FCD = CY
CX = FBC
CY = 1 kN
FBC = 2 kN
(traccin)
FCD = CY = 1 kN (traccin)
CX = FBC = 2 kN
Calculate the forces in members BE and BD of the loaded truss.
8 pulg.
8 pulg.
FBC
FBC
Cx
FEB
FEB
FAB
A
MC = 0
FAE
FAE
FBD
FAB
FED
CY
8 pulg.
FBD
FED
Dx
DY
1000 lb
1000 (8 + 8) - DX (8) = 0
1000 (16) - 8 DX = 0
16000 - 8 DX = 0
71
8 DX = 16000
DX =
16000
= 2000 lb.
8
FX = 0
CX - DX = 0
DX = 2000 lb.
C
CY
CX = DX
CY
PERO: DX = 2000 lb.
CX = 2000 lb.
Cx
Cx
Las ecuaciones de equilibrio para la fuerza C son:
CY CX
=
2
2
CY = CX
PERO: CX = 2000 lb.
CY = 2000 lb.
8 pulg.
NUDO A
8 pulg.
CY
2
C
Cx
FAB
FAB
FAB
FAE
8 2
8 pulg.
1000 lb
FAB
8
1000 lb
FAE
FAE
FAE
Las ecuaciones de equilibrio son:
FAB 1000 FAE

=
=
8
8
8 2
FAB
= 1000 = FAE
2
Dx
DY
1000 lb
Hallar FAE
1000 = FAE
FAE = 1000 lb. (Compresin)
72
Hallar FAB
FAB
= 1000
2
FAB = 1000
( 2)
FAB = 1414,21libras (tensin)

8 pulg.
NUDO E
8 pulg.
FBC
CY
FBC
FEB
Cx
FBD
FAB
FEB
FED
FAE
8 pulg.
FEB
FBD
FAB
FY = 0
FEB = 0
FAE
FAE
FED
FED
Dx
D
DY
1000 lb
FX = 0
FAE - FED = 0
FAE = FED
FBD(X)
PERO: FAE = 1000 lb.

FBD(Y)
FED = 1000 lb. (Compresin)

NUDO B
FAB(X)
8 2
8 2
FBD
FAB
8
FAB(Y)
FBC
FBC
FBC
FAB
FBD
FBD
FEB
=0
Las ecuaciones de equilibrio para la junta B son:
FAB FAB(Y ) FAB(X )

=
=
8
8
8 2
FAB
Hallar FAB(X)
FAB
= FAB(X )
2
1414,2
2
= FAB(X )
FAB(X) = 1000 lb.
FAB
= FAB(Y ) = FAB(X )
2
73
PERO: FAB = 1414,21libras

Hallar FAB(Y)
FAB
= FAB(Y )
2
1414,2
2
= FAB(Y )
FAB(Y) = 1000 lb.

FY = 0
FBD (Y) FAB (Y) = 0
FX = 0
FBC - FBD(X) - FAB(X) = 0
PERO: FAB(X) = 1000 lb.
FBC - FBD(X) = FAB(X)
FBC - FBD(X) = 1000 ECUACION 1
FBD (Y) = FAB (Y)
Pero: FAB (Y) = 1000 lb.

FBD (Y) = 1000 lb.
Las ecuaciones de equilibrio para la junta B son:
FBD FBD(Y ) FBD(X )

=
=
8
8
8 2
FBD
= FBD(Y ) = FBD(X )
2
Pero: FBD (Y) = 1000 lb.
FBD(Y ) = FBD(X )
FBD (X) = 1000 lb.
FBD
= FBD(Y )
2
Pero: FBD (Y) = 1000 lb.
( 2 ) FBD(Y )
FBD = ( 2 )1000
FBD =
Hallar FBC
FBC - FBD(X) = 1000 ECUACION 1
PERO:
FBD (X) = 1000 lb.
FBC - 1000 = 1000
FBC = 1000 + 1000
DX = 2000 lb.
FAB = 1414,21libras (tensin)
FAE = 1000 lb. (Compresin)
FED = 1000 lb. (Compresin)
FEB = 0
FBD = 1414,2 libras (compresin)
74
Problema 4.5 Esttica Meriam edicin tres;

Hallar la fuerza en cada miembro de la armadura cargada. Influye la carga de 6 kN en los resultados.
3
4
10 kN
4m
BX = 6 kN
6 kN
4m
3
5
10 kN
4
BY =8 kN
4m
4m
BX = 6 kN
AY
10 kN
BY =8 kN
4m
AX
FAB
FAE
4m F
AE
FCB
FCD
CY
FBE
BX = 6 KN
FED
Hallar BY
4m
BY
=2
4
- 8 (4) + CY (8) - 6 (8) = 0
FX = 0
- 4 + CY - 6 = 0
BX - AX = 0
= 6 KN
CY = 10 KN
BX = 3 (2) = 6 KN
FCD
- BY (4) + CY (4 + 4) - 6 (4 + 4) = 0
CY - 10 = 0
Hallar BX
BX
=2
3
FCB
FBD
FED
MA = 0
6 kN
4m
FAB
FBE
B X 10 B Y
= =
5
4
3
BY = 4 (2) = 6 KN
PERO: BX
BY = 8 KN
BX = AX
AX = 6 KN
75
MC = 0
- AY (4 + 4) + BY (4) = 0
PERO: BY = 8 KN
- AY (8) + 8 (4) = 0
- AY + 4 = 0
AY = 4 kN
AY
NUDO A
sen =
FAE(Y )
FAE
sen =
2 3
3
=
4
2
FAE(Y) = sen FAE
AX
AY
2
4
2m
FAE(X)
FAB
FAE
2 3
FAE(Y)
AX
FAB
1
FAE(X ) = FAE
2
FAB
FBE
4m F
AE
FAE
FAE
3
FAE(Y ) =
FAE
2
FAE(X )
cos =
FAE
2 1
cos = =
4 2
FAE(X) = cos FAE
2m
FX = 0
FAE(X) AX + FAB = 0
PERO: AX = 6 KN
FAE(Y) = sen FAE
FAE(Y ) =
3
FAE
2
FAE(Y )
FY = 0
AY FAE (Y) = 0
FAE(X) + FAB = AX
FAE =
FAE(X) + FAB = 6
PERO:
AY = 4 kN
1
FAE + FAB = 6 (ECUACION 1)
2
PERO: FAE (Y) = 4 Kn
FAE (Y) = AY
FAE =
2
3
(4) = 4,618
kN
FAE = 4,618 KN (tensin)
FAE (Y) = 4 kN
1
FAE + FAB = 6 (ECUACION 1)
2
PERO: FAE = 4,618 KN
76
1
FAE
2
1
FAB = 6 - (4,618) = 6 - 2,309 = 3,691 kN
2
FAB = 3,691 KN (tensin)
FAB = 6 -
BX = 6 kN
NUDO C
AY
6 kN
FCB
FCD
4m
AX
BY =8 kN
10 kN
FAB
FAE
FAB
FCB
FBD
FBE
4m F
AE
FCD
FED
4m
FCB
CY
FBD
FBE
FED
PERO:
CY = 10 kN
4m
CY
FY = 0
CY 6 - FCD (Y) = 0
6 kN
FCD
10 6 - FCD (Y) = 0
FCD(Y )
FCD
FCD (Y) = FCD sen 60
FCD(Y )
4
FCD =
=
= 4,618 kN
sen 60 0,866
sen 60 =
4 - FCD (Y) = 0
FCD (Y) = 4 KN
6 kN
FCB
FX = 0
FCB - FCD(X) = 0
600
FCD (Y)
FCB = FCD(X)
FCB = 2,309 kN (compresin)
FCD
FCD (X)
FCD = 4,618 KN (tensin)

CY = 10 KN
cos 60 =
FCD(x )
FCD
FCD (X) = FCD cos 60

PERO:
FCD (X) = 4,618 (0,5) = 2,309 kN
77
NUDO B
FX = 0
6 - FAB - FCB + FBE(X) FBD(X) = 0

PERO:
FAB = 3,691 KN
FCB = 2,309 kN
BX = 6 kN
6 - 3,691 - 2,309 + FBE(X) FBD(X) = 0
BY = 8 kN
FAB
FBE(X) FBD(X) = 0
FBE cos 60 - FBD cos 60 = 0
BX = 6 kN
BY =8 kN
10 kN
FAB
FCB
600
600
FBD
FBE
FCB
FBE (Y)
FBE
FBD
FBD (Y)
0,5 FBE 0,5 FBD = 0 (ECUACION 1)

FBE (X)
FBE(Y )
sen 60 =
FBE
FBE(Y) = FBE sen 60
FY = 0
FBE (Y) + FBD (Y) - 8 = 0
FBE (Y) + FBD (Y) = 8
FBE sen 60 + FBD sen 60 = 8
FBD(Y )
FBD
FBD(Y) = FBD sen 60
sen 60 =
FBE(x )
FBE
FBE(X) = FBE cos 60
cos 60 =
0,866 FBE + 0,866 FBD = 8 (ECUACION 2)
FBD (X)
FBD(x )
FBD
FBD(X) = FBD cos 60
cos 60 =
Resolver las ecuaciones 1 y 2
0,5 FBE 0,5 FBD = 0 (0,866)

0,866 FBE + 0,866 FBD = 8 (0,5)
BX = 6 kN
0,433 FBE 0,433 FBD = 0

0,433 FBE + 0,433 FBD = 4
0,866 FBE = 4
4
FBE =
4,618 KN
0,866
FBE = 4,618 kN (compresion)
NUDO E
AY
10 kN
A
AX
FAB
FAE
FAB
4m
FBD
FCB
FCD
CY
FBD
FBE
FED
6 kN
FCB
FBE
4m F
AE
FED
4m
FBE
FAE
BY =8 kN
FED
4m
FCD
78
FED
FAE
FAE (Y)
600
FAE (X)
FAE(Y )
FAE
FAE(Y) = FAE sen 60
FBE(Y )
FBE
FBE(Y) = FBE sen 60
FAE(x )
FAE
FAE(X) = FAE cos 60
FBE(x )
FBE
FBE(X) = FBE cos 60
sen 60 =
FBE
FBE (Y)
600
FBE (X)
FX = 0
cos 60 =
sen 60 =
cos 60 =
FED - FAE (X) FBE (X) = 0

FED - FAE cos 60 FBE cos 60 = 0
PERO:
FBE = 4,618 kN
FAE = 4,618 KN
FED = FAE cos 60 + FBE cos 60
FED = 4,618 (0,5) + 4,618 (0,5)
FED = 2,309 + 2,309 = 4,618 KN (Tension)
FED = 4,618 KN (Tension)
CY = 10 KN AY = 4 kN AX = 6 KN
FAE = 4,618 KN (tensin)
FAB = 3,691 KN (tensin)
FCB = 2,309 kN (compresion)

FBE = 4,618 kN (compresion)
FED = 4,618 KN (Tension)
Problema 4.7 Esttica Meriam edicin tres; Problema 4.12 Esttica Meriam edicin cinco
Calcular las fuerzas en los miembros CG y CF de la armadura representada
ME = 0
4 (2 + 2 + 2) + 2 (2 + 2) DX (3) = 0
4 (6) + 2 (4) DX (3) = 0
FX = 0
DX EX = 0
EX = DX
EX =10,666 KN
24 + 8 3 DX = 0
79
32 3 DX = 0
3 DX = 32
DX =
32
= 10,666 KN
3
NUDO A
FAB
FAB
FAG
2 KN
2m
2m
DX = 10,666 KN
FAG
B FBC FBC C FCD

FBG
FAG
6
6,7
FAB
FAB
FAG
4 KN
4 KN
4 KN
FGF
FAB FAG 4
=
=
6
6,7
3
FGC
FGF
FCD D
Dx
FCF
FCF
FGC
G
DY
2m
3m
Hallar FAB
CY
FAB FAG 4
=
=
6
6,7
3
FAG 4
=
6,7
3
(6,7 ) 4 = 8,94 KN
FAG =
3
FAB 4
=
3
6
(
4) 6
FAB =
= 8 KN
3
FAB = 8 KN (tensin)
Ex
Hallar FAG
FAG = 8,94 KN (compresion)
NUDO B
2 KN
FAB
2 KN
2m
2m
FBC
A
FAB
FAB
B FBC FBC C
FBG
DY
D
Dx
FBG
FAG
4 KN
2m
FAG
3m
G
F
FX = 0
FBC - FAB = 0
FBC = FAB
PERO: FAB = 8 KN (tensin)
FY = 0
FBG - 2 = 0
CY
Ex
FBG = 2 KN (compresin)
FBC = 8 KN (tensin)
80
NUDO G
2 KN
2m
2m
FBG
FGC
A
FAG
FAB
FAB
B FBC FBC C
4 KN
FGF
FAG
FGF
3
tg = = 0,5
6
= 26,56
FAG(X)
FAG(Y)
FGF(Y )
sen 26,56 =
FGF
FGF(Y) = FGF sen 26,56
sen 26,56 =
FGC(Y )
FGC
FGC
FAG
F
E
FGC(Y)
Ex
CY
26.560
26.56
26.560
FGF
FBG
FGF(Y)
FGF(X)
FGC(Y) = FGC sen 26,56
sen 26,56 =
FGF
3m
FGC(X)
= arc tg (0,5)
FGC
FGC
G
DY
Dx
FBG
FAG
G
2m
FAG(Y )
FAG
FAG(Y) = FAG sen 26,56

FX = 0
FGF(X )
FGF
= FGF cos 26,56
cos 26,56 =
FGF (X)
FGC(X )
FGC
= FGC cos 26,56
cos 26,56 =
FGC (X)
FGC (X) + FAG (X) - FGF (X) = 0

PERO:
FGC (X) = FGC cos 26,56
FGF (X) = FGF cos 26,56
FAG(X )
FAG
= FAG cos 26,56
cos 26,56 =
FAG (X)
FAG (X) = FAG cos 26,56

FAG (X) = FAG cos 26,56
FAG (X) = (8,94) cos 26,56
FGC (X) + FAG (X) - FGF (X) = 0
FGC cos 26,56 + (8,94) cos 26,56 - FGF cos 26,56 = 0
81
FGC + 8,94 - FGF = 0

FGC - FGF = - 8,94 (Ecuacin 1)
Resolver las ecuaciones
FY = 0
FGC - FGF = - 8,94 (-0,4471)

0,4471 FGC + 0,4471 FGF = 6
FGC (Y) + FGF (Y) - FAG (Y) - FBG = 0
-0,4471 FGC + 0,4471 FGF = 4

0,4471 FGC + 0,4471 FGF = 6
PERO:
FGC(Y) = FGC sen 26,56
FGF(Y) = FGF sen 26,56
FBG = 2 KN (compresin)
0,4471 FGF + 0,4471 FGF = 4 + 6
FAG(Y) = FAG sen 26,56

FAG (Y) = (8,94) sen 26,56
FAG (Y) = (8,94) (0,4471)
FAG (Y) = 4 KN
0,8942 FGF = 10
FGF =
10
= 11,18 KN
0,8942
FGF = 11,18 KN (compresion)
FGC (Y) + FGF (Y)

FGC (Y) + FGF (Y)
FGC (Y) + FGF (Y)
FGC (Y) + FGF (Y)
Reemplazar la ecuacin 1
FGC - FGF = - 8,94 (Ecuacin 1)
0,4471 FGC + 0,4471 FGF = 6

(Ecuacin 2)
Pero: FGF = 11,18 KN

FGC 11,18 = - 8,94
FGC = 11,18 - 8,94
FGC(Y)
26.560
FGC
FGC(X)
NUDO C
FBC
FCD
FBC
FGC = 2,24 KN (tensin)
FCD
FCF
PERO:
FBC = 8 KN
FGC = 2,24 KN
FGC(X )
FGC
= FGC cos 26,56
= (2,24) cos 26,56
FCF
2 KN
2m
2m
FGC
- FAG (Y) - FBG = 0

-4 -2=0
-6=0
=6
FAB
FAB
B FBC FBC C FCD

FBG
FAG
4 KN
2m
FAG
FGC
FGF
FGF
FCD D
Dx
FCF
FCF
FGC
DY
3m
cos 26,56 =
FGC (X)
FGC (X)
CY
Ex
82
FGC (X) = (2,24) 0,8944

FGC (X) = 2 KN
FX = 0
FCD - FBC - FGC (X) = 0
PERO:
FBC = 8 KN
FGC (X) = 2 KN
FCD - FBC - FGC (X) = 0
FCD - 8 - 2 = 0
FCD - 10 = 0
FCD = 10 kN (tensin)
sen 26,56 =
FGC (Y)
FGC (Y)
FGC (Y)
FGC (Y)
FGC(Y )
FGC
= FGC sen 26,56

= (2,24) sen 26,56
= (2,24) 0,4471
= 1 KN
FY = 0
FCF - FGC (Y) = 0
FCF = FGC (Y)
PERO:
FGC (Y) = 1 KN
FCF = 1 KN (compresin)
83

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PROBLEMAS RESUELTOS DE

ANALISIS DE ESTRUCTURAS POR EL METODO DE LOS NUDOS

Problema resuelto Pg. 246 Esttica BEDFORD

Para cualquier inquietud o consulta escribir a:

Fig. 6. 6(a) Armadura WARREN soportando dos cargas

Fig. 6. 6(b) Diagrama de cuerpo libre de la armadura

- 400 - 800 (3) + EY (4) = 0

- AY (4) + 400 (3) + 800 = 0

Figura 6.7(a) Obtencin del diagrama de cuerpo libre de la junta A.

Las ecuaciones de equilibrio para la junta A son:

TAB = 577,35 Newton

TAC = 288,67 Newton (Tension)

TAB = 577,35 Newton(compresin)

TBC TBC (Y)

Figura 6.8(a) Obtencin del diagrama de cuerpo libre de la junta B.

TAB (Y) = TAB sen 60

Para abreviar los clculos

TAB = 577,35 Newton

TAB (X) = TAB cos 60

TAB (Y) = 500 N

TBC (Y) = TBC sen 60

TBC (X) = TBC cos 60

TAB (X) = 288,67 N

100 = TBC (Y)

- 400 + TAB (Y) - TBC (Y) = 0

TAB (Y) = 500 N

100 = TBC (Y)

Se halla TBC (X)

TAB (X) = 288,67 N

TBC (X) = 57,73 Newton

TBC (X) = 57,73 Newton

TDC (Y) = TDC sen 60

Para abreviar los clculos

TDC (X) = TDC cos 60

TDE (Y) = TDE sen 60

TDE (X) = TDE cos 60

- TDE (X) + TDC (X) = 0

TDE (X) - TDC (X) = 346,4 ecuacin 1

- 800 + TDE (Y) + TDC (Y) = 0

2 TDC = 800 ecuacin 4

resolver ecuacin 3 y ecuacin 4

2 TDE = 600 + 800 = 1400

TDE = 808,29 Newton (compresin)

2 TDC = 800 ecuacin 4

2 TDC = 800 - 700 = 100

Problema 6.2 ESTATICA BEDFORD edic 4

FCA = 13,33 kN (compresin)

FCB = 16,66 kN (Tensin)

FCB = 16,66 kN (Tensin)

Problema 6.4 ESTATICA BEDFORD edic 5

FDC (X) = FDC cos 60

Para abreviar los clculos

FDC (Y) = FDC sen 60

FDC = 1,154 F (Compresion)

- FBD + FDC (X) = 0

FBD = FDC (X)

FBD = (1,154 F) cos 60

FBA (Y) = TBA sen 60

FBA (X) = FBA cos 60

FBC (Y) = TBC sen 60

FBC (X) = FBC cos 60

FBD - FBC (X) - FBA (X) = 0

FBD - FBC(X ) - FBA (X ) = 0