MATEMTICAS 4 ESO TIMONMATE

EJERCICIOS RESUELTOS DE POTENCIAS Y RADICALES

1/6
POTENCIAS Y RADICALES

Notas tericas

- Operaciones con potencias:

I.
m
m n m n
n
a
a : a a
a

= =
II.
( )
n
m mn
a a

=
III. ( )
p
p p
a b a b =
IV.
( )
m
p q p m q m
a b a b

=
V.
0
a 1 =
VI.
1
a a =
VII.
1
1
a
a

=
VIII.
b
b
1
a
a

=
IX.
1
a 1 b
a
b a
b

1

= =

( )

X.
n n
n
a 1 b
b a a
b

1 1

= =



( ) ( )
1

( )


- Operaciones con radicales:

XI.
1
2
a a =
XII.
m
m n
n
a a =
XIII.
( )
1
p 1
n
n p p m
mn m
a a a
1

= =

( )

XIV.
p
m
p
q q m n
n
a a a a = =
nq
mq np
a

= =
nq
mq np
a a

- Racionalizar:

Racionalizar es quitar del denominador las races. Se pueden presentar
dos casos:

a) En el denominador hay slo una raz. en este caso, la raz se elimina
multiplicando el numerador y el denominador el mismo nmero de
veces que el radical de la raz.

Potencias y radicales resueltos TIMONMATE


2/6
b) En el denominador hay una raz y otro trmino que la suma o la resta.
En este caso, las raz o races se eliminan multiplicando el numerador
y el denominador por el conjugado del denominador.


- La jerarqua que hay que seguir a la hora de operar con radicales :















Ejercicios resueltos

Opera con las siguientes potencias y races

1.
( ) ( )
2 3
4 2 8 6 8 2 3 6 2
1
2 2 2 2 2 2 16
4
4


= = = = =
2.
( )
( 3) 2 3 6 3 6 3 3 3
3
2
3
1
7 7 7 7 7
7
7 7 7

= = = = =

3.
( )
5 ( 2) 2 3 2 2 5 2 5 2 2 3 7
7
1
3 3 3 3 3 3
3
: 3 3 3 3

= = = = = =

4.
2 3 2
3 2 3
4 12 15
9 8 3

=

( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( )
2 3
2
2 2
4 6 3 2 2 10 5 2
3 2 6 6 3 6 9
2 3 3
2 2 3 3 5
2 2 3 3 5 2 3 5
3 2 3 2 3
3 2 3


= = =



4 4 2
2 3 5

=

5.
4 3 2 3
3 2 3
8 15 18 12
20 27 3

=

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( )
4 2 3
3
3 2 2
3 2
2 3 3
2 3 5 2 3 2 3
2 5 3 3

=


Simplificar
Operar dentro del parntesis
Clculo de potencias y races
Multiplicaciones y divisiones de izquierda a derecha
Sumas y restas en el orden que aparecen
TIMONMATE Potencias y radicales resueltos


3/6
12 3 3 2 4 6 3
6 3 6 3
2 3 5 2 3 2 3
2 5 3 3

= =

8 4 3
6 3 3
2 3 5
2 3 5

=

2
2 3 12 =

6.
( )
1
3
1 4 3
2
2
0
2
27 81 3 2
3
1 4 27
36 2
3 3 16

( )
=
1

( )
( )
1
3 4 4 3
6
3
2 3 6
2 2 2
4
3
3 3 3 2
3
2
1
2 3 3
3 2 3 1
3 2

= =



7.
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( )
6
3 5
5 2
4
4
3
27 32 8 25
72 50

=

( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( )
3 5 5 6
3 5 3 4
4
4 3
2 3 2
3 2 2 5
3 2 5 2


=
l

l
l

9 25 15 24
8 12 24 12 34 48
3 2 2 5 3
3 2 5 2 2 5


= =




8.
3 1 3 5 1 2 15 2 15 2 17
10 17
2 5 10 10 10 10 10 5 0
1 3
2 1
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2


= = = = = =

9.
5 5 3 3 5 4 3 3 20 9 20 9
3 3 4 4 12 12 12 12 12
5 3 3 4
19 : 19 19 19 19 1 19 19 9 :


= = = = = =

11
11 12
12
19 19 = =

10.
5
2
5
1
3
5 5
5 5
5 5

5
5 ( 3) 5 3 8
3
5 5 5
5

= = =

11.

=
1 1
3
5 2
25
3
125
2 2 2
2 2
1
5
2
3
2
1
2
3
2
2

1
5
2
1
2
1
2
1 1
2
2
2

= = =

12.
1 1
2
3 2
1
1
3
1
3 2
3
2
1 1
2
2 2 2
2 2
2
2

= =

13.
( )
( )
3
3
3 9 4
12 12 12
12
4 4
4
3
8 4
2 3 2
3
3 3 3 3
2 3 2 16
2 3 2 3
27
18
= = = =

=



14.
( )
4 3 3 4 4 4
4
4 8
2 2 4 3 3
2
3
4
4
2 5 2 5 2 5 5
2
2 3
2 3 2 3
80 :
2
1
3
8

= = = =

=
Potencias y radicales resueltos TIMONMATE


4/6
2
=
2
4
3 4
2
75
5
3 9
=

15.
3
3
15 15 5
5 5 15 3
3
15
1 1 1 1 1

3 3 3 3
1
243 27
1
1

= = = =

1


( )
( )
=

( )


16.
( )
2
2 4 3 6 9 6 6 3 6 3 6 6 3
6
3
2 16 2 16 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 6 2 2 1 = = = = = = =

17.
( )
2
2 4 3 6 9 6 6 3 6 3 6 6 3
6
3
2 16 2 16 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 6 2 2 1 = = = = = = =

18.
( )
4
6 2 3 4 24 3 4 4 24 24
3 4
2 2 2 64 2

= = = =

19.
2 2 2
4 4
2 2 2
3 2 1 3 2 1 3 2 1 9
2 2 2 2 2
3 2
2 2 8 2

=

= = =

20.
( ) ( )
( )
2
6
2 4 3
6
4
4 6 2 3 4
2
4 2
12
2 1
3
3 3
3
3 3 3
3
3
3

= = =

21.
( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( )
3 5
4 2
15
4 2 12 10 22 2
4 2
5 3
3
4
2 5 3 15 15
15
2 2 2 30
12
3 3
3 3 3 3 3 3
3 3 3
3
3 3
3
3

= = = = =

=
15
8
1
3
=

22.
( )

=
l

l
l
2
4 4 25 5 4
15
9 5
3 3
3 3
( ) ( )
1
4
1 1
4
4 25
1 1 1 5 4 5
25 4 4
4
5 4 4 4
15 1 1
1
15
5 9 1
9
5
3 3
3 3 3 3
3 3
3 3


l l
l l

l l

l l
= =
l
1
l

l

l
( )
l
l
5
4
3
5
3
3
=

23.
( )
( )
2
9 3
4
4
2 2
2

=
( )
2
6 2 5
1
3
5 1 10 3 7 9
9 3 3
6 7 6 3 2 6 6
1 1 1 1
4
2 2 2 2 1
4
2 2
2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2 2 2
2 2 2
2

= = = = = = = =
1
1

( )
( )

TIMONMATE Potencias y radicales resueltos


5/6
24.
( )
( ) ( )
1
4
1 1
4
2 20
4 5
2
4
4 2 20 5 4
15
3 5
15 2
1
1
3
2
5
5 5
5 25
5 5
5 5
1
5 5
5 5
1 1





( ) ( )
= =
l
1
l

=
l

l
l
l

l
( )
l
l


25.
2
3
3
3
3
2
3
2
3
2
3 2
3
2 2
a b
a b
2a
2a
b a
b a
4ab
a b
2a
b a
2 ab 4ab

l
1
1
l


l
( )

( )
l
= = =
2
3
3
2
12
12
3
12 12
6 3 5 3
2
a b
4a
2a
b a
1 4a 1 4
b
2b a b 2b a b 2b a
4ab

l
1
l

l
( )
l
= = = =


26.
2 2 2
1
2 2 2 5 7
1
8 2 2 2 5 2 7 2 10 2
2
50 98
2
= = =

27.
2 2
1 3 1 3 5
3 2
1 3
3 1 3 5 3 3 2 3 3
2 4
2 75
2 4 2 4

= = =
1 15 21
3 2 3 3 3
2 4 4
= =

28.
( ) ( )
( )
( )
( )
21 2
3
6
21
6
3 3
6
6
3 3
xy xy xy
xy
xy
9xy
x y 4xy
1
3 xy 3 xy xy
2 xy 2 xy
x y
= = =
1 3
3 xy xy xy xy
2 2
= =

29.
2
2
4
4
8 2 2 2
4
81y 1
256x y x 2
3
x 2 y 25 x y x 3 5 y
3
y
3 x

= =
16x y x y 15x y 2x y = =



Racionaliza
30.
3
1
2 5
=

3 3 3 3
3 3 3
1 5 5 25 25
2 5 10 2 5 5 5
= =



Potencias y radicales resueltos TIMONMATE


6/6
31.
( )
( )
( )
4
1
4 4
16 5
4 4 5
4 16 15 3 5 5 5 5 5 5
5 4 4 4 4 4
4 4 5 5
4 5
4 5
x
x
1 x x x x x x x x
= = =
x x x x
1
=
x x
x x
x
x
1

1

( )

= = = =

( )

32.
( )
( )
( )
5 1 1
1 25 2+25 27
5 5 6 5 3
5
3 6 6 6 6 5 27 3 3
3 6 6 6
6 5 5 5 5 5
6 6 5 6
6
3
5 5
5
x x
x x
x x x x x x x x
x x x x x x
x x
x
x
x
1

= = = = = = =

( )
=

33.
( )
( ) ( )
( )
( )
( ) ( )
2
2
2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 1
3 1 2
3 1 3 1
3 1
2
3 1

= = =

34.
2 3
2 3

( )
( ) ( )
( )
( )
2 2
2
2 2
2 3 2 3
2 3 2 3
2 3
2 3 2 3 2 3
2 3


= = =




35.
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
2
2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 2
3 2
2
4 3 4 3 2
4 3 2
2 3 2 2 3 2
2 3
3
2
2


= = =

7 2 6
5

=










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