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Documentos de Profesional
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Formulas
Formulas
A
z
y
A
y
z
u
x
+
A
x
z
A
z
x
u
y
+
A
y
x
A
x
y
u
z
Aplicaci on sobre productos
() = +
(A) = A+ A
(A) = A+ A
(A B) = ( A) B( B) A
(A B) = A( B) + (B )AB( A) (A )B
(A B) = A ( B) + (A )B+B ( A) + (B )A
Operadores de segundo orden
() =
2
=
2
x
2
+
2
y
2
+
2
z
2
(Laplaciano)
() = 0
( A) = 0
( A) = ( A)
2
A
Identidades de Green
1
a
identidad: () = +
2
2
a
identidad: ( ) =
2
2
x
2
+ y
2
= =r sen
x
2
+ y
2
+ z
2
=
2
+ z
2
= r
y = sen =r sen sen arctg
y
x
== arctg
x
2
+ y
2
z
= arctg
z
=
z = z = r cos z = z =r cos arctg
y
x
= =
Vector de posici on:
r = xu
x
+ y u
y
+ zu
z
r = u
+ zu
z
r = ru
r
Factores de escala:
h
i
=
r
q
i
h
x
= 1 h
y
= 1 h
z
= 1
h
= 1 h
= h
z
= 1
h
r
= 1 h
= r h
= r sen
Diferencial de longitud:
dr = h
1
dq
1
u
1
+ h
2
dq
2
u
2
+ h
3
dq
3
u
3
dr = dxu
x
+ dy u
y
+ dzu
z
dr = d u
+ du
+ dzu
z
dr = dru
r
+ r d u
+ r sen du
Diferencial de volumen:
d = h
1
h
2
h
3
dq
1
dq
2
dq
3
d = dxdy dz
d = d ddz
d = r
2
sen dr d d
Delta de Dirac:
(r r
) =
(q
1
q
1
)(q
2
q
2
)(q
3
q
3
)
h
1
h
2
h
3
(r r
) = (x x
)(y y
)(z z
)
(r r
) =
(
)(
)(z z
(r r
) =
(r r
)(
)(
)
r
2
sen
Vectores unitarios:
u
i
=
1
h
i
r
q
i
u
x
=cos u
senu
= sen cos u
r
+ cos cos u
senu
u
y
=sen u
+ cos u
=sen sen u
r
+ cos senu
+ cos u
u
z
= u
z
= cos u
r
senu
cos u
x
+ senu
y
=u
=sen u
r
+ cos u
senu
x
+ cos u
y
=u
= u
u
z
=u
z
=cos u
r
senu
sen cos u
x
+ sen senu
y
+ cos u
z
=senu
+ cos u
z
= u
r
cos cos u
x
+ cos senu
y
sen u
z
=cos u
sen u
z
= u
senu
x
+ cos u
y
= u
=u
Gradiente:
=
1
h
1
q
1
u
1
+
1
h
2
q
2
u
2
+
1
h
3
q
3
u
3
=
x
u
x
+
y
u
y
+
z
u
z
=
+
1
+
z
u
z
=
r
u
r
+
1
r
+
1
r sen
Rotacional:
A =
1
h
1
h
2
h
3
h
1
u
1
h
2
u
2
h
3
u
3
q
1
q
2
q
3
h
1
A
1
h
2
A
2
h
3
A
3
A =
A
z
y
A
y
z
u
x
+
A
x
z
A
z
x
u
y
+
A
y
x
A
x
y
u
z
A =
A
z
z
A
z
+
1
(A
u
z
A =
1
r sen
(sen A
u
r
+
1
r
1
sen
A
r
(rA
)
r
+
1
r
(rA
)
r
A
r
Divergencia:
A =
1
h
1
h
2
h
3
(A
1
h
2
h
3
)
q
1
+
(h
1
A
2
h
3
)
q
2
+
(h
1
h
2
A
3
)
q
3
A =
A
x
x
+
A
y
y
+
A
z
z
A =
1
(A
+
1
+
A
z
z
A =
1
r
2
(r
2
A
r
)
r
+
1
r sen
(sen A
+
1
r sen
A
Laplaciano:
2
=
1
h
1
h
2
h
3
q
1
h
2
h
3
h
1
q
1
+
q
2
h
1
h
3
h
2
q
2
+
q
3
h
1
h
2
h
3
q
3
2
=
2
x
2
+
2
y
2
+
2
z
2
2
=
1
+
1
2
+
2
z
2
2
=
1
r
2
r
2
+
1
r
2
sen
sen
+
1
r
2
sen
2