Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
Cavitantes
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1
Perfil de Presión y Velocidad
1. Cuando el fluido pasa a través de una restricción, la velocidad del
fluido se incrementa
2. Ley de Bernouli: Si la velocidad se incrementa, la presión decrecerá.
Perfil de Velocidad
Perfil de Presión
Figura 23-1
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Presión de Fluido contra la Presión de Vapor
Flujo
P1
Presión de P2
Fluido,
psia Pv
Pvc
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Cavitación: Formación de Burbujas y su Implosión
Flujo Liquido Fluido Cavitante
Vena Contracta
Cavitación
Pv
P1 Pvc P2
Distancia
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Daño Cavitante
Daño Cavitante
Daño Cavitante
Figura 23-4
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Daño Cavitante
Figura 23-5
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Flashing - P2 < Pv
Vena Contracta
Cavitación
Pv
Flashing
P1 Pvc P2
Distancia
Figura 23-6
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Daño Flashing
Figura 23-7
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Daño Cavitante Indice del Sistema: Ar
P1 - P2
Ar =
P1 - Pv Ar approaching 0.99: Increasing Potential for Cav
Ar = 0.99: Max Potential for Cav
Ar = or > 1.00: Flashing
P1
P1-P2
Pressure,
psia P1-Pv
P2
Pv
Pvc
P1 Pvc P2
Distance
ksa&ar
Figura 8.
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Influencias en el Daño Cavitante
Tiempo de Exposicion
Figuae 23-9.
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Estrategia: Válvula de Baja Recuperación
Válvula Baja Recuperación
P1
Pvc > Pv
Presión,
psia P2
Pv
Válvula Alta Recuperación
Pvc Pvc < Pv
Figura 23-10
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Estrategia: Caída de Presión en Pasos
Puerto Trim Sencillo
P1
Trim Pasos Múltiples
Presión,
psia
P2
Pv
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Estrategia: Materiales Resistentes al Daño
Daño Cavitante
Presión, P1
psia
P2 Materiales Estándar de Construcción
Pv
Pvc
Sin Daño Cavitante
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Materiales Resistentes al Daño
Dureza del
Material
440C 59Rc
316/Colmonoy 6 58Rc
316/Alloy 6 42Rc
Tipo Trim Tam. P Limit (Psi) Kc Tipo Trim Tam. P Limit (Psi) Kc
Figura 23-14
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Valores de Kc
Materiales de Construccion
Prueba y Error
Figura 23-15.
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16
Utilidad de Kc y Ar
Aplicación de Ar y Kc
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Estrategia: Caja Orificios Maquinados
Figura 23-17
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Estrategia: Aislación
Figura 23-18
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19
Estrategia: Caja con Orificios Maquinados Cavitrol
Figura 23-19
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Cavitrol Trim 1- Paso
P1
Tapón
Presión, P
2
psia
Caja
Pv
Orif. Cavitrol
Un Paso
Paso 1
Entrada Distancia Salida
Valv. Valv.
Anillo de
Asiento
Trim Tam. Kc = 1.0 Kc = Km
Cavitrol III 1" - 2" <600 psid 600 - 1 440 psid
1 Paso 3" - 6" <500 psid 500 - 1 440 psid
8" - 12" <400 psid 400 - 1 440 psid
Figura 23-20
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Cavitrol Trim 2- Pasos
P1
Extensión de Presión,
Caja psia
Orif. Cavitrol
Dos Pasos P
2
Pv
Flujo
Ent. Paso 1 Paso 2 Sal.
Valv. Distancia Valv.
Figura 23-21
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Cavitrol Trim 3- Pasos
P1
Caja Tres
Pasos
Presión,
psia
Vista A
A P
2
Pv
Figura 23-22
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Especial: Cav IV - Combinación Flujo Radial/Axial
Flujo
Orificios Maquinados
Cajas Flujo Radial
Figura 23-23
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Especial: DST Trim
Figura 23-24
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Especial: 461 (Alta Resistencia)
Flujo
Figura 23-25
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Valves “SS” Especialidades
La caja Superior y Tapón
Da un Flujo Abajo con
Beneficio en Protección
Flashing y De Cavitación y
Cambio de Fase Control de Erosión.
Ocurre Dentro el
Hueco. Daño es
Controlado por
Trim Endurecido
Flujo
Tapón Bajo y
Caja Dando un
Flujo-Alto: Brinda
Estabilidad en
el Tapón
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Solución Rotatoria : Atenuador para V-Ball
Figura 23-27
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Punto: Necesidad de Alto Sello V
Anillo Vista A
Reten
Anillo de
Respaldo Tapón
Anillo Anti-
Deformación
Resorte Carga
Sello PTFE
Pared de
la Caja
VIsta B
Caja
Tapón
Anillo
Asto. Lapeado para
ANSI Clase V
De Sello
Figura 23-28
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Caja Cavitrol Caracterizada
2-Paso Protector
Cavitrol
Figura 23-29
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Solución Alterna: Aspiración
Figura 23-30
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Ejercicios
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Pantalla de Firstvue
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FIN
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