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DIRECCION MINERA
Línea: Este elemento geométrico se obtiene de hacer una sucesión de puntos, tiene
largo, pero carece de ancho y de profundidad, también se obtiene de unir dos
puntos. Hay líneas curvas, rectas, horizontales, etc. Sirve para unir, asociar,
soportar, rodear o cortar otros elementos visuales, así como para definir las aristas o
para dar forma a los planos.
Línea recta: Es uno de los elementos en particular más importantes, ya que la
podemos encontrar en todas las representaciones de superficies y objetos
tridimensionales, por definición una recta es la distancia más corta entre dos puntos
dados. Hay tres clases principales de rectas: horizontal o superior, frontal y lateral.
Plano: Se obtiene haciendo una sucesión de rectas paralelas entre sí, y la forma de
identificarla sobre otros elementos, es el contorno de la línea que lo envuelve, sólo
es posible verla cuando está perpendicular a la vista del observador. Tiene largo y
ancho, pero no profundidad.
APPLICATIONS
Descriptive geometry has different applications, being the basis for
disciplines such as architecture, engineering and topography. Let us
think, for example, of the plan of a house whose spaces obviously have
three dimensions.
Other examples could be the map of an infrastructure work that is about
to be built in the city, or the map of a museum.
Tribute is paid to the French Mathematician Gaspard Monge, who, in the
18th century, developed the technical drawing method that is still taught
as a compulsory subject in higher education studies in areas related to
measurement, design, and construction. . Monge had the challenge of
designing a star-shaped military fortress, which he solved using dihedral
projections, auxiliary projections, and revolutions, to determine the true
shape of the intersections, planes, and angles of the complex, instead of
working it mathematically. The criteria and foundations have not evolved
much since Monge's time; What has drastically changed is the
development of drawing tools, from squares and precision compasses to
digital tools provided by the computer with various CAD drawing
software such as: Autocad, Archicad, Rhinoceros, etc.
It should be noted that these digital media, although they are precise,
versatile, and efficient, do not show or teach the analytical and deductive
processes that go beyond the results obtained; For this reason, they
should be valued as a precision and visualization tool (viewpoints, 3D
orbit, shading modes, and renderings). It is very important that the
student take these aspects into account and therefore not underestimate
drawing with traditional instruments (pencil, set squares, and precision
compass), much less freehand drawing, since it requires applying a
process of analysis. tangible
4.-BIBLIOGRAFIA
Geometría Descriptiva - Germán Valencia García
Geometría Descriptiva – B. Leighton Wellman
Geometría Descriptiva I – Julio Cesar Diaz Zuñiga