Analysis for Causes of MV Cable

Sheath Issues in CEME1

To Power China Huadong Engineering Corporation Limited

We Zhejiang Wanma Co., Ltd. provide the 18/30KV Aluminum power cable to

CEME1 Solor PV Project. Regarding the concerns about the shrinkage of the sheath

and broken in position of cable bending. Our company attaches great importance to

and cooperates in sending on-site cable samples for inspection to third-party

laboratory (INGCER S.A.). The laboratory issued a qualified report of the cable after

executing the specified tests. After reviewing the laboratory report, we analyzed the

main reasons as follows：

1、During the cable laying process, the cable sheath will rotate more or less, which

means that the sheath will have a forward displacement at the original extrusion point

position. As shown in the following pictures：

Análisis de las causas del cable MV

Problemas con la vaina en CEME1
Para impulsar China Huadong Engineering Corporation Limited
Nosotros, Zhejiang Wanma Co., Ltd., proporcionamos el cable de alimentación de aluminio de 18/30 kV al
proyecto fotovoltaico CEME1 Solor. En cuanto a las preocupaciones sobre la contracción de la funda y la rotura
en la posición de flexión del cable. Nuestra empresa concede gran importancia y coopera en el envío de
muestras de cables in situ para su inspección a un laboratorio externo (INGCER S.A.). El laboratorio emitió un
informe cualificado del cable tras realizar las pruebas especificadas. Después de revisar el informe de
laboratorio, analizamos las razones principales de la siguiente manera:
1. Durante el proceso de tendido del cable, la funda del cable girará más o menos, lo que significa que la funda
tendrá un desplazamiento hacia adelante en la posición original del punto de extrusión. Como se muestra en las
siguientes imágenes:

Address:No. 896 Heting Street, Qingshan Lake Street, Lin’an, Zhejiang Province
Tel: 086-571-63755280
 Pulling the sleeve onto the sheath Poner la manga en la funda.

El cable se tira sobre la rueda

guía, pero el cable girará y
girará continuamente,
provocando que la funda se
afloje.
The cable is pulled on the guide wheel, but the cable will continuously rotate and

turn over, causing the sheath to loosen.

After the cable laying is completed, the sheath will shrink or recoil due to the

previous extrusion adhesion and plastic rebound. When the cable is stationary and

Una vez completado el tendido del cable, la funda se encogerá o retrocederá debido a la adhesión de la
Address:No. 896 yHeting
extrusión previa Street,
al rebote Qingshan
del plástico. LakeelStreet,
Cuando cable Lin’an, ZhejiangyProvince
está estacionario
Tel: 086-571-63755280
 Después de un período de tiempo, la adherencia y el
rebote plástico de la funda alcanzan un cierto punto de
equilibrio y el rebote se fijará básicamente en esta
posición sin ningún cambio. Pero cuando el cable sufre
un movimiento de flexión significativo, o después de
retirar una sección de cable o funda, su equilibrio de
adhesión estática original se altera, y la adherencia y
el rebote plástico de la funda encontrarán un nuevo
after a periodpunto
of time, the adhesion
de equilibrio, and
punto en el cualplastic
la fundarebound
también of the sheath reach a certain
encoger.
equilibrium point and the rebound will be basically fixed at this position without any

changes. But when the cable undergoes significant bending movement, or after

removing a section of cable or sheath, its original static adhesion balance is disrupted,

and the adhesion and plastic rebound of the sheath will find a new balance point, at

which pointesthe
2. El cable sheath
un cable will sin
unipolar also shrink.según los requisitos técnicos del diseño, lo que significa que la
armadura
funda exterior y el núcleo aislado del cable no tienen fuerza de amortiguación por fricción. La capa de aislamiento
y el conductor están conectados mediante extrusión por compresión, su adhesión es grande, mientras que la
funda exterior se extruye mediante extrusión de tubo y su adhesión es relativamente pequeña. Después de ser
almacenado en sitio cuando el cable está expuesto a la luz solar, la capa exterior del cable se calienta y se
2、The
expandecable is unarmored
mientras single
que la fuerza de core
apriete con cable
la capaper design
aislante of technical
disminuye, además elrequirements, that
aflojamiento de la
adherencia de la funda causado por el tendido la reduce, dando como resultado la funda. contracción.
means the outer sheath and insulated core of the cable have no friction buffering force.

The insulation layer and conductor are connected by squeezing extrusion, its adhesion

is large, while the outer sheath is extruded by tube extrusion, and its adhesion is

relatively small. After being stored on site when the cable is exposed to sunlight, the

outer layer of the cable is heated and expands while the tightening force with the

insulation layer decreases, in addition the loosening of the sheath adhesion caused by

laying reduces it, resulting in sheath shrinkage.

3、After making the terminal connector, the outer cable experienced retraction:

The fixing method after connection is the main cause of cable shrinkage, as shown in

the following pictures：

Address:No. 896 Heting Street, Qingshan Lake Street, Lin’an, Zhejiang Province
Tel: 086-571-63755280
The two cable clamps in the above picture are not tightened, and when exposed to

light and heat, the outer sheath will slowly move down with its own weight. At the

same time, the conductor is connected to the insulation layer in an extruded manner,

resulting in the consequences shown in the following picture。

Address:No. 896 Heting Street, Qingshan Lake Street, Lin’an, Zhejiang Province
Tel: 086-571-63755280
It is worth noting that the parts highlighted in green in the above figure need to have

the same material as the fixed hoop lining to prevent external damage caused by

different materials.

Treatment Methods

Due to the inevitable rotation of the cable during installation and laying, the sheath

is stretched, and the length of the cable is slightly longer than that of a single core

unarmored cable.

Therefore, our suggestion is to remove the protective sheath for 12 hours before

connecting the accessories during installation. 48 hours after installing the termination,

check if there is any shrinkage in the cable sheath of the cold shrink tube. If there is

shrinkage, use 3M 2228 # (Scotch ® Rubber Mastic Tape 2228) is wrapped and

repaired to prevent moisture and dust, and has good electrical protection performance.

The performance indicators of 3M2228 # wrapping tape are shown in the table below,

and an example of winding repair is shown in the figure below

Scotch® Rubber Mastic Tape 2228

Address:No. 896 Heting Street, Qingshan Lake Street, Lin’an, Zhejiang Province
Tel: 086-571-63755280
 Tape 2228 Sample repairing

Regarding the damage of the outer sheath at cable bending

Compared to PVC sheaths, low smoke halogen-free sheaths (LSOH) have lower

softness which is reflected in the lower standard requirements for elongation at break.

Therefore during laying of this cable, if it touches sharp shaped objects or bends

excessively, the sheath is prone to cracking. Based on on-site feedback, the possible

causes of sheath cracking include：

1、Rubbing stones and other objects in soil and sand

2、Excessive bending

3、When bending, there is a hard object obstructing it, so pull it over hard

Regarding the repair plan for cable sheath, please refer to Attachment 1 for details

Our company promises to repair the damaged or bulging areas according to the

recommended treatment plan, and to treat the copper strip flat. We promise that this

repair will not affect the normal operation of the product.

Zhejiang Wanma Co., Ltd.

Address:No. 896 Heting Street, Qingshan Lake Street, Lin’an, Zhejiang Province
Tel: 086-571-63755280
ANNEX1
Repair plan for cable outer sheath
Cable repair process, plan A：

If the cable breaking point is small, only heat repair is needed for the breaking point.

Preheat the cable wound firstly with air heater

Address:No. 896 Heting Street, Qingshan Lake Street, Lin’an, Zhejiang Province
Tel: 086-571-63755280
Stick another piece of cable sheath to the wound

Heat the cover sheath to blend with the cable sheath

Address:No. 896 Heting Street, Qingshan Lake Street, Lin’an, Zhejiang Province
Tel: 086-571-63755280
 After final cooling, polish the cable sheath

Cable repair process, plan two：

If repairing accessories with a large cable breaking, first wrap a layer of waterproof self-adhesive
tape around the breaking point.

Address:No. 896 Heting Street, Qingshan Lake Street, Lin’an, Zhejiang Province
Tel: 086-571-63755280
Wrap a layer of insulation tape outside the waterproof self-adhesive tape

If the breaking point is close to the end, a protective sleeve can be repairing it.

Address:No. 896 Heting Street, Qingshan Lake Street, Lin’an, Zhejiang Province
Tel: 086-571-63755280
Address:No. 896 Heting Street, Qingshan Lake Street, Lin’an, Zhejiang Province
Tel: 086-571-63755280
 Heat the protective sleeve to shrink it

If the breaking point is far from the end, a king of patch can be used for repair

Address:No. 896 Heting Street, Qingshan Lake Street, Lin’an, Zhejiang Province
Tel: 086-571-63755280
 Wrap the patch around the cable breaking and zip it up

Address:No. 896 Heting Street, Qingshan Lake Street, Lin’an, Zhejiang Province
Tel: 086-571-63755280
Heat the patch to shrink it.

Address:No. 896 Heting Street, Qingshan Lake Street, Lin’an, Zhejiang Province
Tel: 086-571-63755280