Primer problema de cálculo matricial. Problema base para ensamblaje.

1. DATOS: Se resuelve el problema en kN y m

4 8
Barra 1. A1  6 10 L1  5 E1  2 10 α1  60 deg
4 8
Barra 2. A2  6 10 L2  5 E2  2 10 α2  60 deg
4 8
Barra 3. A3  6 10 L3  5 E3  2 10 α3  180 deg

2. CÁLCULO MATRICES DE RIGIDEZ EN COORDENADAS LOCALES

Barra 1.  A1  E1 A1  E1 
0 0
 L1 L1   24000 0 24000 0 

 0 0
K1L  
0 0 0 0 0 0
K1L     24000 0 24000 0 
 A1  E1 A1  E1
0
0  0 
 L1 L1   0 0 0
 0 0 0 0 

Barra 2.  A2  E2 A2  E2 
0 0
 L2 L2   24000 0 24000 0 

 0 0
K2L  
0 0 0 0 0 0
K2L     24000 0 24000 0 
 A2  E2 A2  E2
0
0  0 
 L2 L2   0 0 0
 0 0 0 0 

Barra 3.  A3 E3 A3 E3 

0 0
 L3 L3   24000 0 24000 0 

 0 0
K3L  
0 0 0 0 0 0
K3L     24000 0
 A3 E3 A3 E3
0
0 24000
0  0 
 L3 L3   0 0 0
 0 0 0 0 

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3. MATRICES DE TRANSFORMACIÓN DE COORDENADAS

 cos α1 sin α1 0 0   0.5 0.866 0 0 

 sin α  
  1 cos α1 0 0
  0.866 0.5 0 0 
L1  L1 
 0 0 cos α1 sin α1   0 0 0.5 0.866 
   0 
 0 0 sin α1 cos α1   0 0.866 0.5 

 cos α2 sin α2 0 0   0.5 0.866 0 0 

 sin α cos α  
  2  2 0 0
  0.866 0.5 0 0 
L2  L2 
 0 0 cos α2 sin α2   0 0 0.5 0.866 
   0 
 0 0 sin α2 cos α2   0 0.866 0.5 

 cos α3 sin α3 0 0   1 0 0 

0
 sin α cos α 
  3  3 0 0
 1 0 0 
L3  
0
L3 
 0 0 cos α3 sin α3  0 0 1 0 
  0 
 0 0 sin α3 cos α3   0 0 1 

4. MATRICES ELEMENTALES EN COORDENADAS GLOBALES

T
K1G  L1 K1L L1

 0.25 0.433 0.25 0.433 

0.75 0.433 0.75  E1 A1
K1G  
0.433

 0.25 0.433 0.25 0.433  L1
 0.433 0.75 0.433 0.75 
 
T
K2G  L2 K2L L2

 0.25 0.433 0.25 0.433 

0.433 0.75 0.433 0.75  E2 A2
K2G   
 0.25 0.433 0.25 0.433  L2
 0.433 0.75 0.433 0.75 
 

T
K3G  L3 K3L L3

 1 0 1 0 

0  E3 A3
K3G  
0 0 0

 1 0 1 0  L3
0 
 0 0 0

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 5. MATRIZ GLOBAL DE LA ESTRUCTURA
i  1  6
j  1  6

KG1G
i j  
 if i  5 if j  5 K1G 0 0
i j  
KG2G
i j  
 if i  3 0 if j  3 0 K2G
i 2 j  2  Ensamblaje de la matriz de rigidez

KG3G  if ( i  7 0 if ( j  7 0 0 ) )

i j

KG3G  K3G KG3G  K3G KG3G  K3G KG3G  K3G

5 5 1 1 1 1 3 3 1 5 3 1 5 1 3 1

KG  KG1G  KG2G  KG3G

 1.25 0.433 0.25 0.433  1 0

 0.433 0.75 0.433 0.75 0 0 
 
0.25 0.433 0.25 0.433  E1 A1
KG  
0.5 0

 0.433 0.75 0 1.5 0.433 0.75  L1
 1 0 0.25 0.433 1.25 0.433

 
 0 0 0.433 0.75 0.433 0.75 

6. ECUACIÓN PRINCIPAL

Vector de cargas = Matriz de rigidez global x Vector de desplazamientos

 H1   1.25 0.433 0.25 0.433 1


 
0
0 
 0.433 0.75 0.433 0.75 0   
 V1  0
 10    0 
 0.25 0.433 0.5 0 0.25 0.433 E1 A1  h2 
  =
 20   0.433 0.75 0 1.5 0.433 0.75  L1 v 
 0   1 0 0.25 0.433 1.25 0.433
  2
   h3 
V   0 0.75 0.433 0.75 
 3 0 0.433  
0 

7. MATRIZ DE RIGIDEZ EFECTIVA

 0.5 0 0.25 
E1 A1
KLL  submatrix KG 3 5 3 5  KLL   0 1.5 0.433  
  L1
 0.25 0.433 1.25 

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 8. SOLUCIÓN DE DESPLAZAMIENTOS

 h2   10   h 2   25.387 
    
 v 2   KLL   20 
1
 v 2    16.443  
L1
E1 A1
h   0   h   10.774 
 3  3

9. OBTENCIÓN DE LAS REACCIONES

KRL  stack submatrix KG 1 2 3 5  submatrix KG 6 6 3 5  

 0.25 0.433 1  E  A  H1   h2   H1   10 

      
KRL   0.433 0.75 0   V1    1.34 
1 1
 V1   KRL  v 2 
  L1
 0.433 0.75 0.433  V  h   V   18.66 
 3  3  3

10. OBTENCIÓN DE ESFUERZOS

0   1.547 
 
0
T 
P1  
0 
P1  K1L L1 
 h2   1.547 
v   0 
 2  

 h2   21.547 
 
T  v2 
P2   
0
P2  K2L L2 
 h3   21.547 
   0 
0   

 h3   10.774 
 
T0 
P3   
0
P3  K3L L3 
0   10.774 
   0 
0   

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