OBLIGACIÓN AUTORIZACIÓN PROHIBICIÓN

  or

PRESENTE PASADO

I have to leave early.

(Tengo que irme pronto) I had to leave early.
OBLIGACIÓN
I must leave early. (Tuve que irme pronto)
(Debo irme pronto)

We don’t have to pay. We didn’t have to pay.

AUSENCIA DE
(No tenemos que pagar / No hace falta (No tuvimos que pagar / No hizo
OBLIGACIÓN
que paguemos) falta pagar)

We could watch TV.

We can watch TV.
We were allowed to watch TV.
AUTORIZACIÓN We’re allowed to watch TV.
(Podíamos / Nos permitían ver la
(Podemos / Nos permiten ver la tele)
tele)

They can’t use the phone.
They aren’t allowed to use the phone.
PROHIBICIÓN They mustn’t use the phone.
(No pueden / No se les permite / No
deben usar el teléfono)
They couldn’t use the phone.
They weren’t allowed to use the
phone.
(No podían / No se les permitía / No
debían usar el teléfono)

¡Ojo al dato! HAVE TO vs. MUST

Have to es obligación, pero

don’t have to no es HAVE TO MUST
prohibición, sino ausencia de Acción Usos:
Obligación
obligación. importante
externa Solo en presente y
para el
Significa que algo no es al hablante futuro. No es
hablante o
obligatorio o necesario. habitual en
impuesta por
preguntas.
él mismo.

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 OBLIGACIÓN, AUTORIZACIÓN Y PROHIBICIÓN

1. Escoge la forma más adecuada:

1. The concert is free. You don’t have to / mustn’t pay.
2. In Britain you have to / must drive on the left.
3. You don’t have to / mustn’t leave the door open. The dog will get out.
4. I have to / must get to work before 8.30. My boss is very strict.
5. You mustn’t / don’t have to smoke here!

2. Coloca la expresión pertinente en cada frase:

had to go / had to show / had to wait / must get
must help / mustn’t be / mustn’t play / mustn’t sign

1. ‘Hi, Mark. Where’s your dad?’ ‘Oh, he ___________ to work because there was an emergency’.
2. She has a big problem. We _____________ her.
3. You ______________ a document before reading it carefully.
4. The meeting is at 9.00. You ______________ late.
5. He didn’t know how to use the camera. I ______________ him.
6. You _______________ some exercise if you want to keep fit.
7. You _______________ with knives. It’s dangerous.
8. We _______________ half an hour for a taxi yesterday.

1. 1. don’t have to, 2. have to, 3. mustn’t, 4. have to, 5. mustn’t.

2. 1. had to go, 2. must help, 3. mustn’t sign, 4. mustn’t be, 5. had to show, 6. must get, 7. mustn’t play, 8. had to
wait.

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