MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY:

THE HUMAN BODY

Inglés Científico Técnico

Grado en Fisioterapia
Prof. Dra. Sandra Marrero Morales
mmarrero@dfm.ulpgc.es
Departamento de Filología Moderna
Inglés Científico-técnico I (Grado en Fisioterapia) Dra. Sandra Marrero Morales
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THE HUMAN BODY

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Inglés Científico-técnico I (Grado en Fisioterapia) Dra. Sandra Marrero Morales
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Muscular System Picture

Anterior (Front) View
This muscular system picture shows all the major muscle groups on the human body
from the frontal view.

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Inglés Científico-técnico I (Grado en Fisioterapia) Dra. Sandra Marrero Morales
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1. Galea Aponeurotica
2. Epicranius
3. Orbicularis Oculi
4. Nasalis
5. Levator Labii Superioris
6. Zygomaticus major & minor
7. Orbicularis Oris
8. Risorius
9. Depressor Anguli Oris
10. Depressor Labii Inferioris
11. Mentalis
12. Omohyoid
13. Sternohyoid
14. Sternal Head of Sternocleidomastoid
15. Scalene
16. Trapezius
17. Deltoid
18. Pectoralis Major
19. Serratus Anterior
20. Rectus Abdominis
21. External Abdominal Oblique
22. Biceps Brachii
23. Brachialis
24. Pronator Teres
25. Brachioradialis
26. Flexor Carpi Radialis
27. Extensor Carpi Radialis
28. Tensor Fasciae Latae
29. Iliopsoas
30. Pectineus
31. Sartorius
32. Adductor Longus
33. Gracilis
34. Rectus Femoris
35. Vastus Intermedius
36. Vastus Lateralis
37. Vastus Medialis
38. Gastrocnemius
39. Peroneus Longus
40. Tibialis Anterior
41. Soleus
42. Peroneus Brevis
43. Extensor Digitorum Longus

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Inglés Científico-técnico I (Grado en Fisioterapia) Dra. Sandra Marrero Morales
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Muscular System Diagram

Posterior (Back) View
This muscular system diagram shows the major muscle groups from the back or
posterior view.

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Inglés Científico-técnico I (Grado en Fisioterapia) Dra. Sandra Marrero Morales
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1. Occipitalis
2. Semispinalis Capitis
3. Splenius Capitis
4. Sternocleidomastoid
5. Trapezius
6. Deltiod
7. Teres Minor
8. Teres Major
9. Triceps Brachii
10. Latissimus Dorsi
11. Brachioradialis
12. Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
13. Anconeus
14. Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
15. Extensor Digitorum
16. Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
17 Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
18. Erector Spinae
19. Internal & External Oblique
20. Gluteus Medius & Gluteus Minimus (underneath Gluteus Medius)
21. Gluteus Maximus
22. Vastus Lateralis
23. Gracilis
24. Adductor Magnus
25. Biceps Femoris
26. Semitendinosus
27. Semimembranosus
28. Gastocnemius
29. Soleus
30. Peroneus Longus
31. Flexor Digitorum Longus
32. Extensor Digitorum Longus

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Inglés Científico-técnico I (Grado en Fisioterapia) Dra. Sandra Marrero Morales
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Human Body - The Muscular System

The main job of the muscular system is to provide
movement for the body. The human body contains more
than 650 individual muscles which are attached to the
skeleton.

There are two types of muscles in the system and they are
the "involuntary" muscles, and the "voluntary" muscles.
The muscles which we can control by ourselves are called
the voluntary muscles. The muscles we can't choose to
control are the involuntary muscles. The heart is an
example of involuntary muscle.

Muscles allow us to move. Not just big movements like

lifting or moving, but any movement at all! Muscles allow you to open your mouth,
speak, shake hands and move your food through your digestive system. They make the
movements for smiling, blinking and breathing.

Muscles cannot push, they can only pull (or "contract'). In order to move your fingers in
both directions, back and forth, back and forth, muscles work in pairs. Look at the
above picture. To make your hand lift, one muscle (the "biceps") pulls; to lower the

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Inglés Científico-técnico I (Grado en Fisioterapia) Dra. Sandra Marrero Morales
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hand, the opposite muscle (the "triceps") pulls. This is how all movement in the body is
created.

Muscles are made up of many smaller parts that all work together to create movement.
The cells slide next to each other like a sliding door opening when they contract, and do
the opposite when they extend. The cells of your muscles use energy from the food you
eat to do this.

All muscles do a particular job, from the tiny eye muscles that move up to 100,000
times a day, to the largest muscle, the "gluteus maximus" in your buttocks which helps
you stand, sit, walk, run and jump. Because there are so many different muscles, it's no
surprise that they make up about 40% of your weight.

Your muscles move you!

Meet your muscles. This activity lets you know about kinds of muscles, how you use
them, and what happens to them in space.

Muscle Types
Voluntary and involuntary are the two types of muscles in your body.

You have direct control over voluntary muscle.

You cannot make involuntary muscle contract and move through

conscious control; its movement is automatic.

Let's take a closer look at each type of muscle.

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Inglés Científico-técnico I (Grado en Fisioterapia) Dra. Sandra Marrero Morales
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Voluntary Muscle

Voluntary means chosen or optional, so you decide when to use these muscles.

Postural, or anti-gravity, muscles are a type of voluntary muscle. Postural

muscles include:

 muscles that hold up your spine,

 your leg muscles, and
 your hip muscles.

These muscles are loaded with weight in the Earth's gravity, allowing you
to walk, run, and stand up straight.

Skeletal muscle is voluntary muscle. You control the movement of your

bones.

Skeletal muscle is typically attached to bones by tendons, a string-like

tissue.

Skeletal muscle contracts to move the bone with the muscle.

Involuntary Muscle

Involuntary means uncontrolled or automatic, so you have no direct

control over your involuntary muscles.

These muscles work with or without gravity.

Cardiac and smooth muscle are the involuntary muscles.

Cardiac muscle is related to the heart.

This muscle keeps blood pumping through the body.

Smooth muscle is found in the iris of the eye and in your intestines,
among other places.

Smooth muscle moves food through the organs of your digestive system
without gravity being necessary.

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Inglés Científico-técnico I (Grado en Fisioterapia) Dra. Sandra Marrero Morales
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Introduction to Diagram of Internal Organs

Human body is entirely known as organism. Human body consists of various organ
systems, each of which comprises of number of organs whose functions complement
each other. Each organ system performs a particular task. These organ systems interact
to produce coordinated, active, healthy and intelligent human body. All human being
have same organ system with the exception of reproductive system.

Human body consists of billions of cells which are organized into tissues. Each tissue
consists of similar types of cell. One or more types of tissue work together inside an
organ, such as bone or a lung. Internal organs are linked together to form a system that
has one or more major roles.

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Inglés Científico-técnico I (Grado en Fisioterapia) Dra. Sandra Marrero Morales
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Internal Organs Systems of a Human Body – I

 The skeletal systems provides framework and support to the body, protects
internal organs and provides attachment points for muscles

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Inglés Científico-técnico I (Grado en Fisioterapia) Dra. Sandra Marrero Morales
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 The muscular system moves and supports the body with the skeletal musculature
and the heart muscles. It consists of 620 skeletal muscles attached to bones

 The respiratory system supplies the body with oxygen. It consists of nose, throat
the upper airways and trachea and lungs the lower airways

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Inglés Científico-técnico I (Grado en Fisioterapia) Dra. Sandra Marrero Morales
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 The cardiovascular systems also known as circulatory system which transports

material around the body. It consists of heart, network of blood vessels, and
blood.

 The digestive systems supplies food to the body organs. It consists of mouth,
esophagus, stomach and intestine.

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Inglés Científico-técnico I (Grado en Fisioterapia) Dra. Sandra Marrero Morales
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Internal Organs Systems of a Human Body - II

 The endocrine system regulates many body processes. It consists of glands that
make up hormones

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Inglés Científico-técnico I (Grado en Fisioterapia) Dra. Sandra Marrero Morales
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 The nervous system controls the body's activities. It consists of brain, spinal
cord and network of nerves.

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Inglés Científico-técnico I (Grado en Fisioterapia) Dra. Sandra Marrero Morales
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 The excretory system removes waste from the body. It consists of urinary tract
and kidneys.

 The reproductive system enables us to produce children. Male and female

systems are different

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Inglés Científico-técnico I (Grado en Fisioterapia) Dra. Sandra Marrero Morales
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CLICK ON THE FOLLOWING LINKS TO INCREASE

YOUR KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE HUMAN BODY.
http://www.visiblebody.com/?gclid=CIG-wbb_8qwCFVBTfAodvz0lNA
http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/humanbody/
http://edtech.kennesaw.edu/web/humanbo.html
http://www.medtropolis.com/vbody.asp
http://warriors.warren.k12.il.us/dburke/bodyindex.htm
http://dsc.discovery.com/tv/human-body/human-body.html
http://www.lingolex.com/body.htm
http://www.innerbody.com/htm/body.html
http://science.nationalgeographic.com/science/health-and-human-body/human-body/
http://www.ama-assn.org/ama/pub/physician-resources/patient-education-
materials/atlas-of-human-body.page

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