Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
TUTORA:
MYRIAN SOFÍA GUZMÁN
PRESENTADO POR:
EMILSE GUERRERO
CÓDIGO:
GRUPO:
358041_4
Bibliografía
ANAEROBICA Espesamiento |
- Volumen menor del reactor. - CAPEX elevado. Tratamiento de aguas
- Reducción de biomasa. - Proceso lento. residuales - Ingeniería
- Reducción de patógenos. - Control exhaustivo de los ambiental. (s.f):
- Menor consumo energético. parámetros críticos. Recuperado de:
- Recuperación energética https://blog.condorchem.
(CH4). com/tag/espesamiento/
- Eliminación de olores.
- OPEX bajos.
AEROBICA Espesamiento |
- Fácil control y explotación. - Bajo resultado con frio. Tratamiento de aguas
- CAPEX bajo. - OPEX elevado por consumo residuales - Ingeniería
- Riesgos operativos bajos. energético alto. ambiental. (s.f):
- Lodos biológicamente - Resultados bajos en las Recuperado de:
inofensivos y estables. unidades de secado. https://blog.condorchem.
- Residuo final aplicable a - Volumen mayor del reactor. com/tag/espesamiento/
terrenos naturales.
- Reducción de sólidos
volátiles
- Reducción casi total de
olores.
COMPOSTAJE Espesamiento |
- CAPEX y OPEX razonables - CAPEX y OPEX elevado en Tratamiento de aguas
en procesos poco sistemas modernos de residuales - Ingeniería
intensivos. compostaje (túneles y ambiental. (s.f):
- Alta reducción del volumen canales). Recuperado de:
inicial de lodo. - Necesidad de grandes https://blog.condorchem.
- Alta reducción de humedad superficies principalmente com/tag/espesamiento/
(60% a 70%). en tecnologías poco
- Descomposición y intensivas (compostaje en
estabilización de la materia pilas).
orgánica. - No hay recuperación
- Reducción elevada de peso energética.
en el producto final. - Gestión problemática de las
- Lodos higienizados: aguas generadas en el
eliminación de patógenos y proceso.
parásitos e inhibición de - Producción de polvos y
semillas. aerosoles en algunos tipos
- Reducción significativa de de compostaje.
olores. - En instalaciones al aire libre
- Producto final óptimo para el proceso de compostaje
uso como fertilizante o en invierno se ralentiza.
enmienda orgánica. - Generación de olores que
requiere control de
parámetros críticos.
MICQUIONACILIZABIEST
Given that water bodies are normally the final disposal destination for wastewater, it
becomes vital to minimize the contaminating impact on these, it is here that wastewater
treatment plants come into play, which require an interaction in the biological, physical
and chemical mechanisms between unit processes, hydrodynamic phenomena and the
adaptability of the microbial consortium to changing environmental conditions (Hong,
2003; Bdour A, 2009).
However, many times the right type of process or technology to carry out these
processes in terms of energy and sustainability is not selected (Kalbar, 2012). However,
the appropriate technology for the treatment of municipal wastewater must be
established based on economic resources, the degree of economic development of the
study area, the quality of raw and treated wastewater, the availability of land and the
facility or adaptability to meet future expansion and optimization requirements
(Rodríguez, 2009).
Water treatments are characterized by taking into account the effluent terms and
disposal methods. This translates into factors such as the timing of the election, trust
and costs. After this election, it is of great importance the choice of the treatment of
sludge generated in this process for which it is necessary to know the type of such
treatment and the quality of the treatment treated, these characteristics are those of
identifying the need for system and proper application. The physical, chemical and
biological treatments will reduce the impact generated at the same time, at the same
time, the added value that allows the improvement of the quality of life of the
communities. It is important to treat and provide the sludge from the wastewater
treatment, also taking into account in the middle of this stabilization system. It can
achieve the death of pathogenic organisms, thus giving better hygiene in order to
achieve an improvement in the properties of the wastewater treatment cycle for later or
final use.
Emilse Guerrrero
Sludge management despite having many forms of final disposal, each of them either
for use in agriculture, forestry, landfills and incineration; they are considered highly
dangerous by all the compounds that they present as heavy metals and that when
exposed to the environment affect human life to the detriment of their health.
According to the reading of the document, some very relevant aspects regarding sludge
management can be raised, such as; Identify the means of treatment from the aerobic
and anaerobic proposals where a series of mechanisms are used to reduce sludge
generation in the treatment processes and it is proposed that one of the most effective
alternatives that can be used is through the method of disintegration, due to the fact that
it improves the speed of hydrolysis of particulate matter which is the limiting step of the
degradation of solids, being a very useful technique for pre-treatments that improve
biodegradability and can be combined with a disintegration biological that is where
aerobic thermophilic bacteria are applied improving hydrolysis in the treatment.
These procedures that aim to reduce the amount of sludge generated in the wastewater
treatment of the PTAR are mechanisms that achieve great environmental and human
health benefits, but the costs remain limiting in their implementations.
The management and disposal of sludge should be given greater relevance and look for
technologies that allow their reuse without putting the environment at risk, taking into
account that in many countries it would be a great contribution to the fertilization of soils
and the improvement of agricultural production with fully organic fertilizers.
Mauricio Javier Montes
It is important to treat and dispose of the sludge resulting from the treatment of
wastewater, taking into account that through this there is stabilization to achieve a
controlled degradation of organic substances and odor elimination, also by carrying out
its proper treatment we can reduce the volume and weight, it can achieve the death of
pathogenic organisms, thus giving better hygiene in order to achieve an improvement to
the mud properties of the wastewater treatment plants for later use or final disposal.
Wastewater treatments have their own characteristics according to the type of
tributaries, effluent requirements and disposal methods, which seeks the implementation
of an effective treatment that manages to protect natural resources, living beings and
ensure proper waste management generated by man, other important factors at the time
of the election are reliability and costs, this implies obtaining the necessary efficiency
within the treatment and knowing the costs that this generates. The main advantage of
working with dry sludge is that they reduce the required area and reduce odors, Sludge
production in a treatment plant can also bring certain benefits depending on the
treatment or destination given to them.
CONCLUSIONES
Los lodos pueden ser aprovechados como fuente de energía durante la etapa de
digestión anaerobia en la cual se produce biogás como subproducto del proceso.
El biogás puede ser alimentado a una máquina de cogeneración para generar
energía eléctrica y calorífica.
Al manejo y disposición de los lodos se les debe dar una mayor relevancia y
buscar tecnologías que permitan la reutilización de los mismos sin que esto
ponga en riesgo el medio ambiente, teniendo en cuenta que en muchos países
sería un gran aporte a la fertilización de los suelos y la mejora de la producción
agrícola con fertilizantes totalmente orgánicos.
Los lodos digeridos se pueden usar en la agricultura como mejoradores del suelo
y o para reemplazar fertilizantes. Productos químicos.
REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS
Colomer Mendoza, F.J.; Gallardo Izquierdo, A.; Robles Martínez, F.; Bovea, Ma.
D.; Herrera Prats, L. Opciones de valorización de lodos de distintas estaciones
depuradoras de aguas residuales Ingeniería, vol. 14, núm. 3, septiembre-
diciembre, 2010, pp. 177-190 Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán Mérida, México.
Recuperado el 25 de Noviembre de 2017, de
http://www.redalyc.org/pdf/467/46715742006.pdf