Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León

Facultad de Ingenieria Mecanica y Electrica

MATEMÁTICAS 3

“Problemas del Problemario”

Jesus Emmanuel Diaz Melendez 1916334

Grupo: 009 M5
Maestra: Yolanda Gutierrez
Hora: LMV M5
Ejercicio 1.1 (Grado y Orden)

Determinar el orden y el grado

1) 𝑑 3𝑦 𝑑𝑥 3 = 3𝑥 ( 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥) + 5y = 3er Orden 1er Grado

2) 𝑑 2𝑦/𝑑𝑥 2 + 13 ( 𝑑𝑦 /𝑑𝑥) 4 + 𝑥 2 = ( 𝑑𝑦 /𝑑𝑥) 3 = 2do Orden 1er Grado

3) 𝑑𝑦/ 𝑑𝑥 + 18 ( 𝑑 3𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 3 ) 3 = 8𝑥 + ( 𝑑 3𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 3 ) 5 = 3er Orden 5to Grado

4) √ 𝑑 3𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 3 − 5𝑥 = 8 ( 𝑑𝑦/𝑑𝑥) = (√ 𝑑 3𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 3 ) 2 − (5𝑥) 2 = (8 ( 𝑑𝑦 /𝑑𝑥)) 2

= 𝑑 3𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 3 − (5𝑥) 2 = (8 ( 𝑑𝑦/𝑑𝑥)) 2
= 3er Orden 1er Grado

5) 𝑑 2𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 2 = √𝑥 − 2 = 2do Orden 1er Grado

6) √ 𝑑 2𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 = √( 𝑑 3𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 3 ) 3 = (( 𝑑 2𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 2 + 3𝑥) 1/2 ) 10 = (( 𝑑 3𝑦/ 𝑑𝑥 3 ) 3/5 ) 10

= 𝑑 2𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 2 + 3𝑥) 5 = ( 𝑑 3𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 3 ) 6 = 3er Orden 6to Grado

7) √( 𝑑 2𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 2 ) 3 + 7𝑥 = [81 + 𝑑𝑦/ 𝑑𝑥] ¼ = ((( 𝑑 2𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 2 ) 3 + 7𝑥) 1/2 ) 4 = ((81 + 𝑑𝑦/ 𝑑𝑥) 1/4 )
4
= (( 𝑑 2𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 2 ) 3 + 7𝑥) 2 = 81 + 𝑑𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 = 𝑑 2𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 2 ) 6 + (7𝑥) 2 = 81 + 𝑑𝑦/ 𝑑x
= 2do Orden 6to Grado

8) 𝑑 3𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 3 = √𝑑𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 = ( 𝑑 3𝑦/ 𝑑𝑥 3 ) 2 = (√ 𝑑𝑦/ 𝑑𝑥) 2 = ( 𝑑 3𝑦/ 𝑑𝑥 3 ) 2 = (√ 𝑑𝑦 /𝑑𝑥) 2

= 3er Orden 2do Grado

9) ( 𝑑 5𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 5 ) 1/3 = 8 [1 + ( 𝑑 2𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 2 )] 5/2 = (( 𝑑 5𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 5 ) 1/3 ) 6

= 8((1 + ( 𝑑 2𝑦/ 𝑑𝑥 2 )) 5/2 ) 6 = ( 𝑑 5𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 5 ) 6/3 = 8 (1 + ( 𝑑 2𝑦/ 𝑑𝑥 2 )) 30/2
= 5to Orden 2do Grado

10) ( 𝑑 2𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 2 ) 3 = 5 − ( 𝑑𝑦/ 𝑑𝑥) 5 = 2do Orden 3er Grado

Ejercicio 1.2 (Comprobación de la solución)
Determine si la expresión dada es solución o no de la ecuación diferencial
dada:

1) 𝑦 = 𝑐 2 + 𝑐𝑥 −1 𝑦 + 𝑥𝑦 ′ = 𝑥 4 (𝑦 ′ ) 2

𝐷𝑥 (𝑐) = 0
𝑦 ′ = 0 + (−𝑐𝑥 −2 )
𝑦 ′ = −𝑐𝑥 −2

𝑦 + 𝑥𝑦 ′ = 𝑥 4 (𝑦 ′ ) 2
(𝑐 2 + 𝑐𝑥 −1 ) + 𝑥(−𝑐𝑥 −2 ) = 𝑥 4 (−𝑐𝑥 −2 ) 2
𝑐 2 + 𝑐𝑥 −1 − 𝑐𝑥 −1 = 𝑥 4 (𝑐 2𝑥 −4 )
𝑐 2 = 𝑐 2 Si es solución

2) 𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥(1 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦) = 𝑐 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑦 ( 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥) + 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦 = 𝑠𝑒𝑛x

𝐷𝑥 (𝑐) = 0
𝐷𝑥 (𝑢 ∙ 𝑣) = 𝑢𝑑𝑣 + 𝑣𝑑u

𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 + (1 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦)𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥(−𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑥) = 0

𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 − (1 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦)𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑥 = 0
𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 = (1 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦)𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑥

𝑑𝑦/ 𝑑𝑥 = (1 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦)𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑥/ 𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥𝑆𝑒𝑛x

𝑑𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 = (1 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦)/𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑥 𝑆𝑒𝑛y
𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑦 ( 𝑑𝑦/ 𝑑𝑥) + 𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑥𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑦 = 𝑆𝑒𝑛x
𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑦 ( (1 − 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑦)𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑥 /𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑦 ) + 𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑥𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑦 = 𝑆𝑒𝑛x
(1 − 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑦)𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑥 + 𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑥𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑦 = 𝑆𝑒𝑛x
(1 − 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑦)𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑥 + 𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑥𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑦 = 𝑆𝑒𝑛x
𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑥 = 𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑥 Si es solución

3) 𝑦 = 8𝑥 5 + 3𝑥 2 + 𝑐 ( 𝑑 2𝑦 𝑑𝑥 2 ) − 6 = 160𝑥 3
𝑑𝑦/ 𝑑𝑥 = 40𝑥 4 + 6𝑥
𝑑 2𝑦/ 𝑑𝑥 2 = 160𝑥 3 + 6

𝑑 2𝑦 𝑑𝑥 2 − 6 = 160𝑥 3
160𝑥 3 + 6 − 6 = 160𝑥 3

160𝑥 3 = 160𝑥 3 Si es solución

4) 𝑦 = 𝑐1𝑠𝑒𝑛3𝑥 + 𝑐2𝑐𝑜𝑠3𝑥 𝑑 2𝑦/ 𝑑𝑥 2 + 9𝑦 = 0
𝑑𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 = 3𝑐1𝑐𝑜𝑠3𝑥 − 3𝑐2𝑠𝑒𝑛3x
𝑑 2𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 2 = −9𝑐1𝑠𝑒𝑛3𝑥 − 9𝑐2𝑐𝑜𝑠3x
𝑑 2𝑦/ 𝑑𝑥 2 = −9 (𝑐1𝑠𝑒𝑛3𝑥 + 𝑐2𝑐𝑜𝑠3𝑥) =y
𝑑 2𝑦 𝑑𝑥 2 = −9y

−9𝑦 + 9𝑦 = 0
0 = 0 Si es solución

5) 𝐼𝑛𝑦 = 𝑐1𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 𝑦 ( 𝑑 2𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 2 ) − ( 𝑑𝑦/ 𝑑𝑥) 2 = 𝑦 2 𝐼ny

𝐷𝑥 (𝐼𝑛𝑢) = 1 𝑢 𝐷𝑥u
1/ 𝑦 ∙ 𝑑𝑦/𝑑𝑥 = 𝑐1𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 − 𝑐2𝑠𝑒𝑛x
𝑑𝑦/ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑦(𝑐1𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 − 𝑐2𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥)

𝑑 2𝑦/ 𝑑𝑥 2 = 𝑦(−𝑐1𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 − 𝑐2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥) + (𝑐1𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 − 𝑐2𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥) 𝑑𝑦/ 𝑑x

𝑑 2𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 2 = 𝑦(−𝑐1𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 − 𝑐2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥) + (𝑐1𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 − 𝑐2𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥)(𝑦(𝑐1𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 − 𝑐2𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥))
𝑑 2𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 2 = 𝑦(−𝑐1𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 − 𝑐2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥) + 𝑦(𝑐1𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 − 𝑐2𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥) 2
𝑦 ( 𝑑 2𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 2 ) − ( 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥) 2 = 𝑦 2 𝐼𝑛y

𝑦[𝑦(−𝑐1𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 − 𝑐2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥) + 𝑦(𝑐1𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 − 𝑐2𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥) 2 ] − [𝑦(𝑐1𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 − 𝑐2𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥)] 2 = 𝑦 2 𝐼𝑛y

𝑦 2 [(−𝑐1𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 − 𝑐2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥) + (𝑐1𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 − 𝑐2𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥) 2 ] − [𝑦 2 (𝑐1𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 − 𝑐2𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥) 2 ] = 𝑦 2 𝐼𝑛y
𝑦 2 (−𝑐1𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 − 𝑐2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥) + 𝑦 2 (𝑐1𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 − 𝑐2𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥) 2 − 𝑦 2 (𝑐1𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 − 𝑐2𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥) 2 = 𝑦 2 𝐼𝑛y
−𝑦 2 (𝑐1𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥) = 𝑦 2 𝐼𝑛y
−𝑦 2 𝐼𝑛𝑦 = 𝑦 2 𝐼𝑛𝑦 No es solución

Ejercicio 2.1 (Separación de variables)

Encuentre la solución de las siguientes ecuaciones diferenciales.

1) 5𝑥 4𝑑𝑥 + 20𝑦 19𝑑𝑦 = 0

∫ 5𝑥 4𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 20𝑦 19𝑑𝑦 = ∫ 0
5 ∫ 𝑥 4𝑑𝑥 + 20 ∫ 𝑦 19𝑑𝑦 = c
𝑢=𝑥 𝑣=y
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑣 = 𝑑y
5 ∫ 𝑢 4𝑑𝑢 + 20 ∫ 𝑣 19𝑑𝑣 = 𝑐
∫ 𝑢 𝑛𝑑𝑢 = 𝑢 𝑛+1 /𝑛 + 1 + c

5 ( 1/ 5 𝑥 5) + 20 ( 1 /20 𝑦 20) = c
𝑥 5 + 𝑦 20 = c
2) 2𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥)𝑑𝑥 + 3𝑒 3𝑦𝑑𝑦 = 2𝑥𝑑x
∫ 2𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥)𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 3𝑒 3𝑦𝑑𝑦 = ∫ 2𝑥𝑑x
2 ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥)𝑑𝑥 + 3 ∫ 𝑒 3𝑦𝑑𝑦 = 2 ∫ 𝑥𝑑x

𝑢 = 2𝑥 𝑣 = 3𝑦 𝑤=x
𝑑𝑢 = 2𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑣 = 3𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑤 = 𝑑x

𝑑𝑥 = 𝑑𝑢 /2 𝑑𝑦 = 𝑑𝑣 /3
2 ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑢) 𝑑𝑢/ 2 + 3 ∫ 𝑒 𝑣 𝑑𝑣 /3 = 2 ∫ 𝑤𝑑𝑤
∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑢)𝑑𝑢 + ∫ 𝑒 𝑣𝑑𝑣 = 2 ∫ 𝑤𝑑x
∫ 𝑢 𝑛𝑑𝑢 = 𝑢 𝑛+1 /𝑛 + 1 + c
∫ 𝑒 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = 𝑒 𝑢 + c
∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑢)𝑑𝑢 = −𝐶𝑜𝑠(𝑢) + c
−𝐶𝑜𝑠(2𝑥) + 𝑒 3𝑦 = 2 ( 1 /2 𝑥 2) + 𝐶
𝑒 3𝑦 = 𝑐 + 𝑥 2 + 𝐶𝑜𝑠(2𝑥)

3) 𝑑𝑟 /𝑑𝑠 = r
𝑑𝑟/ 𝑟 = 𝑑s
∫ 𝑑𝑟/ 𝑟 = ∫ 𝑑s
𝑢=𝑟 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑r
∫ 𝑑𝑢 𝑢 = ∫ 𝑑𝑠
∫ 𝑑𝑢/ 𝑢 = 𝐼𝑛|𝑢| + c
∫ 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑢 + c
𝐼𝑛|𝑟| = 𝑠 + c
𝑒 𝐼𝑛|𝑟| = 𝑒 𝑠+c
𝑟 = 𝑒 𝑠+c
𝑒 𝑐+𝑎 = 𝑒 𝑐 ∙ 𝑒 𝑎
𝑒𝑐=𝑐
𝑟 = 𝑐𝑒 a la s

4)𝑑𝑥 + 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑥𝑑𝑦 + 𝑦𝑑x

𝑑𝑥 + 𝑑𝑦(1 + 𝑥) = 𝑦𝑑x
𝑑𝑦(1 + 𝑥) = 𝑦𝑑𝑥 − 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦(1 + 𝑥) = 𝑑𝑥(𝑦 − 1)
[𝑑𝑦(1 + 𝑥) = 𝑑𝑥(𝑦 − 1)][ 1/ (1 + 𝑥)(𝑦 − 1) ]
𝑑𝑦(1 + 𝑥)/ (1 + 𝑥)(𝑦 − 1) = 𝑑𝑥(𝑦 − 1) /(1 + 𝑥)(𝑦 − 1)
𝑑𝑦 /(𝑦 − 1) = 𝑑𝑥/ (1 + 𝑥)
∫ 𝑑𝑦 /(𝑦 − 1) = ∫ 𝑑𝑥/ (1 + 𝑥)
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑣 = 𝑑x
∫ 𝑑𝑢 /𝑢 = ∫ 𝑑𝑣/ v
∫ 𝑑𝑢 /𝑢 = 𝐼𝑛|𝑢| + c
𝐼𝑛|𝑦 − 1| = 𝐼𝑛|1 + 𝑥| + c
𝑒 𝐼𝑛|𝑦−1| = 𝑒 𝐼𝑛|1+𝑥|+c
𝑒 𝑐+𝑎 = 𝑒 𝑐 ∙ 𝑒 𝑎
𝑒𝑐=c
𝑦 − 1 = 𝑐(1 + 𝑥)
𝑦 = 𝑐(1 + 𝑥) + 1

5) 𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑦)𝑑𝑥 + (𝑥 2 + 1) cos(𝑦) 𝑑𝑦 = 0
[𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑦)𝑑𝑥 + (𝑥 2 + 1) cos(𝑦) 𝑑𝑦 = 0][ 1/ (𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑦)(𝑥 2 + 1) ]
𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑦)𝑑𝑥 /(𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑦)(𝑥 2 + 1) + (𝑥 2 + 1) cos(𝑦) 𝑑𝑦/ (𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑦)(𝑥 2 + 1) = 0
𝑥𝑑𝑥 /(𝑥 2 + 1) + cos(𝑦) 𝑑𝑦/ 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑦 = 0
𝐶𝑜𝑡(𝑢) 𝐶𝑜𝑠(𝑢) /𝑆𝑒𝑛(𝑢)
𝑥𝑑𝑥/ (𝑥 2 + 1) + 𝐶𝑜𝑡(𝑦)𝑑𝑦 = 0
∫ 𝑥𝑑𝑥/ (𝑥 2 + 1) + ∫ 𝐶𝑜𝑡(𝑦)𝑑𝑦 = ∫ 0
𝑢=𝑥2+1 𝑣=𝑦
𝑑𝑢 = 2𝑥𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑣 = 𝑑y
𝑑𝑥 = 𝑑𝑢 /2x
∫ 𝑥 /𝑢 ∙ 𝑑𝑢 /2𝑥 + ∫ 𝐶𝑜𝑡(𝑣)𝑑𝑣 = 𝑐
1/ 2 ∫ 𝑑𝑢/ 𝑢 + ∫ 𝐶𝑜𝑡(𝑣)𝑑𝑣 = c
∫ 𝑑𝑢 𝑢 = 𝐼𝑛|𝑢| + 𝐶
∫ 𝐶𝑜𝑡(𝑢)𝑑𝑢 = 𝐼𝑛|𝑆𝑒𝑛(𝑢)| + c
1 /2 𝐼𝑛|𝑥 2 + 1| + 𝐼𝑛|𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑦| = c
𝐼𝑛|𝑎| + 𝐼𝑛|𝑏| = 𝐼𝑛|𝑎𝑏|
𝑟𝐼𝑛|𝑝| = 𝐼𝑛|𝑝| r
𝐼𝑛|𝑥 2 + 1| 1/2 + 𝐼𝑛|𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑦| = 𝑐
𝐼𝑛 |(√𝑥 2 + 1) (𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑦)| = c
𝑒 𝐼𝑛|(√𝑥 2+1)(𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑦)| = 𝑒 𝑐
𝑒𝑐=c
(√𝑥 2 + 1) (𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑦) = c
((√𝑥 2 + 1) (𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑦)) 2 = 𝑐 2
(𝑥 2 + 1)(𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑦) 2 = c

(𝑥 2 + 1)𝑆𝑒𝑛2𝑦 = c

6) (𝑥𝑦 + 2𝑥 + 𝑦 + 2)𝑑𝑥 + (𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 3)𝑑𝑦 = 0

(𝑥 + 1)(𝑦 + 2)𝑑𝑥 + (𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 3)𝑑𝑦 = 0
[(𝑥 + 1)(𝑦 + 2)𝑑𝑥 + (𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 3)𝑑𝑦 = 0][ 1/ (𝑦 + 2)(𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 3) ]
(𝑥 + 1)(𝑦 + 2)𝑑𝑥 /(𝑦 + 2)(𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 3) + (𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 3)𝑑𝑦/ (𝑦 + 2)(𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 3) = 0
(𝑥 + 1)𝑑𝑥 /(𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 3) + 𝑑𝑦/𝑦 + 2 = 0
∫ (𝑥 + 1)𝑑𝑥/ (𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 3) + ∫ 𝑑𝑦 /(𝑦 + 2) = ∫ 0
𝑢 = 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 3 𝑣=𝑦+2
𝑑𝑢 = 2𝑥 + 2𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑣 = 𝑑y
𝑑𝑥 = 𝑑𝑢 /2𝑥 + 2
∫ (𝑥 + 1)/ 𝑢 ∙ 𝑑𝑢/ 2𝑥 + 2 + ∫ 𝑑𝑣 /𝑣 = c
∫ (𝑥 + 1) /𝑢 ∙ 𝑑𝑢 /2(𝑥 + 1) + ∫ 𝑑𝑣/ 𝑣 = c
1 /2 ∫ 𝑑𝑢/ 𝑢 + ∫ 𝑑𝑣/ 𝑣 = c
∫ 𝑑𝑢/ 𝑢 = 𝐼𝑛|𝑢| + c
1 2 𝐼𝑛|𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 3| + 𝐼𝑛|𝑦 + 2| = c
𝐼𝑛|𝑎| + 𝐼𝑛|𝑏| = 𝐼𝑛|𝑎𝑏|
𝑟𝐼𝑛|𝑝| = 𝐼𝑛|𝑝| 𝑟
𝐼𝑛|𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 3| 1/2 + 𝐼𝑛|𝑦 + 2| = 𝑐
𝐼𝑛 |(√𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 3) (𝑦 + 2)| = c
𝑒 𝐼𝑛|(√𝑥 2+2𝑥+3)(𝑦+2)| = 𝑒 a la c
𝑒𝑐=c
(√𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 3) (𝑦 + 2) = c
((√𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 3) (𝑦 + 2)) 2 = c2

(𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 3)(𝑦 + 2) 2 = c

7) 𝑑𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 + 1/ 𝑦 4 + 1

(𝑦 4 + 1)𝑑𝑦 = (𝑥 + 1)𝑑x
∫(𝑦 4 + 1)𝑑𝑦 = ∫(𝑥 + 1)𝑑x
∫ 𝑦 4𝑑𝑦 + ∫ 𝑑𝑦 = ∫ 𝑥𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑑x
𝑢=𝑦 𝑣=𝑥
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑣 = 𝑑x
∫ 𝑢 4𝑑𝑢 + ∫ 𝑑𝑢 = ∫ 𝑣𝑑𝑣 + ∫ 𝑑x
∫ 𝑢 𝑛𝑑𝑢 = 𝑢 𝑛+1 /𝑛 + 1 + c
∫ 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = 𝑢 𝑛+1 /𝑛 + 1 + 𝐶
∫ 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑢 + 𝐶
1 /5 𝑦 5 + 𝑦 = 1 /2 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + C
(10) ( 1 /5 𝑦 5 + 𝑦 = 1/ 2 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 𝑐)
2𝑦 5 + 10𝑦 = 5𝑥 2 + 10𝑥 + 10c

2𝑦(𝑦 4 + 5) = 5𝑥(𝑥 + 2) + C

8) 𝑥𝑦 4𝑑𝑥 + (𝑦 2 + 2)𝑒 −3𝑥𝑑𝑦 = 0

[ 𝑥𝑦 4𝑑𝑥 + (𝑦 2 + 2)𝑒 −3𝑥𝑑𝑦 = 0] [ 1 (𝑦 4)(𝑒 −3𝑥) ]
𝑥𝑦 4𝑑𝑥 /(𝑦 4)(𝑒 −3𝑥) + (𝑦 2 + 2)𝑒 −3𝑥 𝑑𝑦/ (𝑦 4)(𝑒 −3𝑥) = 0
𝑥𝑑𝑥 /𝑒 −3𝑥 + (𝑦 2 + 2)𝑑𝑦 /𝑦 4 = 0
𝑥𝑒 3𝑥𝑑𝑥 + (𝑦 −4 )(𝑦 2 + 2)𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝑥𝑒 3𝑥𝑑𝑥 + (𝑦 −2 + 2𝑦 −4 )𝑑𝑦 = 0
∫ 𝑥𝑒 3𝑥𝑑𝑥 + ∫(𝑦 −2 + 2𝑦 −4 )𝑑𝑦 = ∫ 0
𝑥𝑒 3𝑥𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑦 −2𝑑𝑦 + ∫ 2𝑦 −4𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝑤=𝑦 𝑑𝑤 = 𝑑y
𝑢=𝑥 𝑑𝑣 = 𝑒 3𝑥
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥 𝑣 = 1 3 𝑒 3𝑥 + C
∫ 𝑢 𝑑𝑣 = 𝑢𝑣 − ∫ 𝑣 𝑑u
∫ 𝑢 𝑛𝑑𝑢 = 𝑢 𝑛+1 /𝑛 + 1 + C
1 /3 𝑥𝑒3𝑥 − ∫ 1/ 3 𝑒 3𝑥𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑤 −2𝑑𝑤 + 2 ∫ 𝑤 −4𝑑𝑤 = C
1 /3 𝑥𝑒3𝑥 − 1 /3 ∫ 𝑒 3𝑥𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑤 −2𝑑𝑤 + 2 ∫ 𝑤 −4𝑑𝑤 = C
𝑢 = 3𝑥 𝑑𝑢 = 3𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑑𝑢 /3
1/ 3 𝑥𝑒3𝑥 − 1 /3 ∫ 𝑒 𝑢 𝑑𝑢 /3 + 𝑦 −1/ −1 + 2𝑦 −3/ −3 = C
1 /3 𝑥𝑒3𝑥 − 1 /9 𝑒 3𝑥 − 1/ 𝑦 − 2/ 3𝑦 3 = 𝑐
(9) ( 1 /3 𝑥𝑒3𝑥 − 1 /9 𝑒 3𝑥 − 1 /𝑦 − 2 /3𝑦 3 = 𝑐)
9 /3 𝑥𝑒3𝑥 − 9 /9 𝑒 3𝑥 − 9 𝑦 − 18 /3𝑦 3 = 9C
3𝑥𝑒3𝑥 − 𝑒 3𝑥 − 9/ 𝑦 − 6/ 𝑦 3 = C
𝑒 3𝑥 (3𝑥 − 1) − 9/ 𝑦 − 6/ 𝑦 3 = C
(𝑦 3 ) (𝑒 3𝑥 (3𝑥 − 1) − 9/ 𝑦 − 6/ 𝑦 3 = 𝑐)
𝑦 3𝑒 3𝑥 (3𝑥 − 1) − 9𝑦 3/ 𝑦 − 6𝑦 3/ 𝑦 3 = 𝑐𝑦3

𝑦 3𝑒 3𝑥 (3𝑥 − 1) − 9𝑦 2 − 6 = 𝑐𝑦3

Ejercicio 2.2 (Ecuaciones Diferenciales Homogéneas)

Encuentre la solución de las siguientes ecuaciones diferenciales:

1) (6𝑥 2 − 7𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 − 14𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑦 = 0

(𝑡) 2 , (𝑡) 2
(𝑡)(𝑡)
(𝑡) 2 , (𝑡) 2 ,
(𝑡) 2
𝑦 = 𝑣𝑥
𝑑𝑦 = 𝑣𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑣
(6𝑥 2 − 7(𝑣𝑥) 2 )𝑑𝑥 − 14𝑥(𝑣𝑥)(𝑣𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑣) = 0
(6𝑥 2 − 7𝑣 2𝑥 2 )𝑑𝑥 − 14𝑣𝑥 2 (𝑣𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑣) = 0
6𝑥 2𝑑𝑥 − 7𝑣 2𝑥 2𝑑𝑥 − 14𝑣 2𝑥 2𝑑𝑥 − 14𝑣𝑥 3𝑑𝑣 = 0
6𝑥 2𝑑𝑥 − 21𝑣 2𝑥 2𝑑𝑥 − 14𝑣𝑥 3𝑑𝑣 = 0
3𝑥 2 (2 − 7𝑣 2 )𝑑𝑥 − 14𝑣𝑥 3𝑑𝑣 = 0
[3𝑥 2 (2 − 7𝑣 2 )𝑑𝑥 − 14𝑣𝑥 3𝑑𝑣 = 0][ 1/ (2 − 7𝑣 2)(𝑥 3) ]
3𝑥 2 (2 − 7𝑣 2 )𝑑𝑥/ (2 − 7𝑣 2)(𝑥 3) − 14𝑣𝑥 3𝑑𝑣/ (2 − 7𝑣 2)(𝑥 3) = 0
3𝑥 2𝑑𝑥 /𝑥 3 − 14𝑣𝑑𝑣/ 2 − 7𝑣 2 = 0
3𝑑𝑥/ 𝑥 − 14𝑣𝑑𝑣/ 2 − 7𝑣 2 = 0
∫ 3𝑑𝑥/ 𝑥 − ∫ (14𝑣 /2 − 7𝑣 2 )𝑑𝑣 = ∫ 0
𝑢=𝑥 𝑤 = 2 − 7𝑣 2
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑤 = −14𝑣𝑑𝑣

𝑑𝑣 = − 𝑑𝑤/ 14v
3 ∫ 𝑑𝑢 /𝑢 − ∫ 14𝑣/ 𝑤 (− 𝑑𝑤/ 14𝑣 ) = C
3 ∫ 𝑑𝑢 /𝑢 + ∫ 𝑑𝑤 /𝑤 = c
∫ 𝑑𝑢/ 𝑢 = 𝐼𝑛|𝑢| + c
3𝐼𝑛|𝑥| + 𝐼𝑛|2 − 7𝑣 2 | = c
𝐼𝑛|𝑎| + 𝐼𝑛|𝑏| = 𝐼𝑛|𝑎𝑏|
𝑟𝐼𝑛|𝑝| = 𝐼𝑛|𝑝| 𝑟
𝐼𝑛|𝑥| 3 + 𝐼𝑛|2 − 7𝑣 2 | = c
𝐼𝑛|(𝑥) 3 (2 − 7𝑣 2 )| = 𝑐
𝐼𝑛|(𝑥 3 )(2 − 7𝑣 2 )| = 𝑐
𝑒𝑐=𝑐
𝑒 𝐼𝑛|(𝑥 3 )(2−7𝑣 2 )| = 𝑒 𝑐
(𝑥 3 )(2 − 7𝑣 2 ) = 𝑐
2𝑥 3 − 7𝑣 2𝑥 3 = c
𝑦 = 𝑣𝑥
𝑣 = 𝑦/x
2𝑥 3 − 7 ( 𝑦/ 𝑥 ) 2 𝑥 3 = c
2𝑥 3 − 7𝑦 2𝑥 3/𝑥 2 = 𝑐
2𝑥 3 − 7𝑥𝑦2 = C

2𝑥 3 = 𝑐 + 7𝑥𝑦2

2) (2√𝑥𝑦 − 𝑦)𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥𝑑𝑦 = 0

√𝑡(𝑡) , 𝑡 , 𝑡
√𝑡 2 , 𝑡 , 𝑡
𝑡,𝑡,𝑡
𝑦 = 𝑣𝑥
𝑑𝑦 = 𝑣𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑v
(2√𝑥(𝑣𝑥) − 𝑣𝑥)𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥(𝑣𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑣) = 0
(2√𝑣𝑥2 − 𝑣𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑣𝑥𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥 2𝑑𝑣 = 0
√𝑎𝑏 = √𝑎 ∙ √𝑏
(2√𝑣 ∙ √𝑥 2 − 𝑣𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑣𝑥𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥 2𝑑𝑣 = 0
(2𝑥√𝑣 − 𝑣𝑥)𝑑𝑥 − 𝑣𝑥𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥 2𝑑𝑣 = 0
2𝑥√𝑣𝑑𝑥 − 𝑣𝑥𝑑𝑥 − 𝑣𝑥𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥 2𝑑𝑣 = 0
2𝑥√𝑣𝑑𝑥 − 2𝑣𝑥𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥 2𝑑𝑣 = 0
2𝑥(√𝑣 − 𝑣)𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥 2𝑑𝑣 = 0
[2𝑥(√𝑣 − 𝑣)𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥 2𝑑𝑣 = 0][ 1/ (√𝑣 − 𝑣)(𝑥 2) ]
2𝑥(√𝑣 − 𝑣)𝑑𝑥 /(√𝑣 − 𝑣)(𝑥 2) − 𝑥 2𝑑𝑣 /(√𝑣 − 𝑣)(𝑥 2) = 0
2𝑥𝑑𝑥/ 𝑥 2 − 𝑑𝑣/ (√𝑣 − 𝑣) = 0
2𝑑𝑥 /𝑥 − 𝑑𝑣 /√𝑣(1 − √𝑣) = 0
∫ 2𝑑𝑥/ 𝑥 − ∫ 𝑑𝑣 /√𝑣(1 − √𝑣) = ∫ 0
𝑢=𝑥 𝑤 = 1 − √𝑣
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑤 = − 𝑑𝑣 2√v
𝑑𝑣 = −2√𝑣𝑑𝑤
2 ∫ 𝑑𝑢 𝑢 − ∫ −2√𝑣𝑑𝑤/ √𝑣𝑤 = c
2 ∫ 𝑑𝑢/ 𝑢 + 2 ∫ 𝑑𝑤 /𝑤 = c
∫ 𝑑𝑢 𝑢 = 𝐼𝑛|𝑢| + 𝐶
2𝐼𝑛|𝑥| + 2𝐼𝑛|1 − √𝑣| = c
𝐼𝑛|𝑎| + 𝐼𝑛|𝑏| = 𝐼𝑛|𝑎𝑏|
𝑟𝐼𝑛|𝑝| = 𝐼𝑛|𝑝| 𝑟
𝐼𝑛|𝑥| 2 + 𝐼𝑛|1 − √𝑣| 2 = C
𝐼𝑛 |(𝑥) 2 (1 − √𝑣) 2 | = c
𝑒𝑐=𝑐
𝑒 𝐼𝑛|(𝑥) 2(1−√𝑣) 2 | = 𝑒 𝑐
(𝑥) 2 (1 − √𝑣) 2 = 𝑐
((𝑥)(1 − √𝑣)) 2 = 𝑐
√((𝑥)(1 − √𝑣)) 2 = √c
(𝑥)(1 − √𝑣) = 𝑐
𝑥 − 𝑥√𝑣 = 𝑐
𝑆𝑖 𝑦 = 𝑣x
𝑣 = 𝑦/x
𝑥 − 𝑥√ 𝑦 𝑥 = c
√ 𝑎/ 𝑏 = √𝑎 /√b
𝑥 − 𝑥√𝑦/ √𝑥 = 𝑐
𝑥 − 𝑥√𝑦/ √𝑥 ( √𝑥 /√𝑥 ) = c
𝑥 − 𝑥√𝑥√𝑦 /√𝑥 ∙ √𝑥 = c
√𝑎𝑏 = √𝑎 ∙ √b
𝑥 − 𝑥√𝑥𝑦 /(√𝑥) 2 = c
𝑥 − 𝑥√𝑥𝑦 𝑥 = c
𝑥 − √𝑥𝑦 = c
−√𝑥𝑦 = 𝑐 − x
(−1)(−√𝑥𝑦 = 𝑐 − 𝑥)

√𝑥𝑦 = 𝑐 + x
3) (𝑦 + √𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2) 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝑡, √(𝑡) 2, √(𝑡) 2, 𝑡
𝑡, 𝑡, 𝑡, t
𝑦 = 𝑣𝑥
𝑑𝑦 = 𝑣𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑v
(𝑣𝑥 + √𝑥 2 + (𝑣𝑥) 2) 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥(𝑣𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑣) = 0
(𝑣𝑥 + √𝑥 2 + 𝑣 2𝑥 2) 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑣𝑥𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥 2𝑑𝑣 = 0
𝑣𝑥 + √𝑥 2(1 + 𝑣 2)) 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑣𝑥𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥 2𝑑𝑣 = 0
𝑣𝑥𝑑𝑥 + √𝑥 2(1 + 𝑣 2)𝑑𝑥 − 𝑣𝑥𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥 2𝑑𝑣 = 0
√𝑥 2(1 + 𝑣 2)𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥 2𝑑𝑣 = 0
√𝑎𝑏 = √𝑎 ∙ √𝑏
√𝑥 2 ∙ √1 + 𝑣 2𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥 2𝑑𝑣 = 0
𝑥√1 + 𝑣 2𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥 2𝑑𝑣 = 0
[𝑥√1 + 𝑣 2𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥 2𝑑𝑣 = 0][ 1 /(√1 + 𝑣 2)(𝑥 2) ]
𝑥√1 + 𝑣 2𝑑𝑥/ (√1 + 𝑣 2)(𝑥 2) − 𝑥 2𝑑𝑣 /(√1 + 𝑣 2)(𝑥 2) = 0
𝑥𝑑𝑥/ 𝑥 2 − 𝑑𝑣 /√1 + 𝑣 2 = 0
𝑑𝑥/ 𝑥 − 𝑑𝑣/ √1 + 𝑣 2 = 0
∫ 𝑑𝑥 /𝑥 − ∫ 𝑑𝑣/ √1 + 𝑣 2 = ∫ 0
𝑢=𝑥 𝑎2=1 𝑤2=𝑣2
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥 𝑎 = 1 𝑤=𝑣 𝑑𝑤 = 𝑑v
∫ 𝑑𝑢 /𝑢 − ∫ 𝑑𝑤 /√𝑎 2 + 𝑤2 = c
∫ 𝑑𝑢/ 𝑢 = 𝐼𝑛|𝑢| + c
∫ 𝑑𝑢 /√𝑢 2 ± 𝑎 2 = 𝐼𝑛 |𝑢 + √𝑢 2 ± 𝑎 2| + c
𝐼𝑛|𝑥| − 𝐼𝑛 |𝑣 + √𝑣 2 + 1| = 𝑐
𝐼𝑛|𝑎| − 𝐼𝑛|𝑏| = 𝐼𝑛 |( 𝑎/ 𝑏 )|
𝐼𝑛 | 𝑥/ 𝑣 + √𝑣 2 + 1 | = 𝑐
𝑒𝑐=𝑐
𝑒 𝐼𝑛| 𝑥 𝑣+√𝑣 2+1 | = 𝑒c
𝑥/ 𝑣 + √𝑣 2 + 1 = 𝑐
𝑥 = 𝑐 (𝑣 + √𝑣 2 + 1)
𝑦 = 𝑣𝑥
𝑣 = 𝑦/x
𝑥 = 𝑐 ( 𝑦 /𝑥 + √( 𝑦/ 𝑥 ) 2 + 1)
𝑥 = 𝑐 ( 𝑦/𝑥 + √ 𝑦 2 /𝑥 2 + 𝑥 2/ 𝑥 2 )
𝑥 = 𝑐 ( 𝑦 𝑥 + √ 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2/ 𝑥 2 )
√ 𝑎 /𝑏 = √𝑎 /√𝑏
𝑥 = 𝑐 ( 𝑦 𝑥 + √𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 /√𝑥 2 )
𝑥 = 𝑐 ( 𝑦 𝑥 + √𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2/ 𝑥 )
𝑥 = 𝑐 ( 𝑦 + √𝑥 2 + 𝑦2 /𝑥 )
(𝑥)(𝑥 = 𝑐 ( 𝑦 + √𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 /𝑥 ))
𝑥 2 = 𝑐 (𝑦 + √𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2)

4) 𝑑𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 = 2𝑥𝑦/ 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2
(𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑦 = 2𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑥
x2𝑑𝑦 − 𝑦 2𝑑𝑦 − 2𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑥 = 0
(𝑡) 2 , (𝑡) 2 , (𝑡)(𝑡)
𝑡2,𝑡2,𝑡2
𝑥 = 𝑣𝑦
𝑑𝑥 = 𝑣𝑑𝑦 + 𝑦𝑑v
(𝑣𝑦) 2𝑑𝑦 − 𝑦 2𝑑𝑦 − 2(𝑣𝑦)𝑦(𝑣𝑑𝑦 + 𝑦𝑑𝑣) = 0
𝑣 2𝑦 2𝑑𝑦 − 𝑦 2𝑑𝑦 − 2𝑣𝑦 2 (𝑣𝑑𝑦 + 𝑦𝑑𝑣) = 0
𝑣 2𝑦 2𝑑𝑦 − 𝑦 2𝑑𝑦 − 2𝑣 2𝑦 2𝑑𝑦 − 2𝑣𝑦 3𝑑𝑣 = 0
−𝑦 2𝑑𝑦 − 𝑣 2𝑦 2𝑑𝑦 − 2𝑣𝑦 3𝑑𝑣 = 0
−𝑦 2 (1 + 𝑣 2 )𝑑𝑦 − 2𝑣𝑦 3𝑑𝑣 = 0
−𝑦 2 (1 + 𝑣 2 )𝑑𝑦 − 2𝑣𝑦 3𝑑𝑣 = 0][ 1/ (1 + 𝑣 2)(𝑦 3) ]
𝑦 2 (1 + 𝑣 2 )𝑑𝑦 /(1 + 𝑣 2)(𝑦 3) − 2𝑣𝑦 3𝑑𝑣/ (1 + 𝑣 2)(𝑦 3) = 0
𝑦 2𝑑𝑦/ 𝑦3 − 2𝑣𝑑𝑣/1 + 𝑣 2 = 0
− 𝑑𝑦/ 𝑦 − 2𝑣𝑑𝑣 /1 + 𝑣 2 = 0
∫ − 𝑑𝑦/ 𝑦 − ∫ 2𝑣𝑑𝑣 /1 + 𝑣 2 = ∫ 0
− ∫ 𝑑𝑦 /𝑦 − ∫ 2𝑣𝑑𝑣 /1 + 𝑣 2 = ∫ 0
𝑢=𝑦 𝑤=1+𝑣2
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑤 = 2𝑣𝑑v
− ∫ 𝑑𝑢/ 𝑢 − ∫ 𝑑𝑤/ 𝑤 = c
∫ 𝑑𝑢/ 𝑢 = 𝐼𝑛|𝑢| + 𝐶
−𝐼𝑛|𝑦| − 𝐼𝑛|1 + 𝑣 2 | = c
(−1)(−𝐼𝑛|𝑦| − 𝐼𝑛|1 + 𝑣 2 | = 𝑐)
𝐼𝑛|𝑦| + 𝐼𝑛|1 + 𝑣 2 | = c
𝐼𝑛|𝑎| + 𝐼𝑛|𝑏| = 𝐼𝑛|𝑎𝑏
| 𝐼𝑛|(𝑦)(1 + 𝑣 2 )| = c
𝑒𝑐=𝑐𝑒
𝐼𝑛|(𝑦)(1+𝑣 2)| = 𝑒c
(𝑦)(1 + 𝑣 2 ) = 𝑐
1 + 𝑣 2 = 𝑐/y
𝑆𝑖 𝑥 = 𝑣𝑦 𝑣 = 𝑥/y
1 + ( 𝑥 /𝑦 ) 2 = 𝑐/y
1 + 𝑥 2/ 𝑦 2 = 𝑐/y
𝑦 2/ 𝑦 2 + 𝑥 2/ 𝑦 2 = 𝑐/y
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 /𝑦 2 = 𝑐/y
(𝑦 2 ) ( 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 /𝑦 2 = 𝑐/ 𝑦 )
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 𝑐y

5) 𝑦(𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑦 − 2𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥(3𝑦 2 − 𝑥𝑦 − 𝑥 2 )𝑑𝑦 = 0

(𝑥 2𝑦 + 𝑥𝑦 2 − 2𝑦 3 )𝑑𝑥 + (3𝑥𝑦2 − 𝑥 2𝑦 − 𝑥 3 )𝑑𝑦 = 0
(𝑡) 2 (𝑡), (𝑡)(𝑡) 2 , (𝑡) 3
(𝑡)(𝑡) 2 ,
(𝑡) 2 (𝑡), (𝑡)
3𝑡3,𝑡3,𝑡3,𝑡3,𝑡3,𝑡3

𝑦 = 𝑣𝑥
𝑑𝑦 = 𝑣𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑v
(𝑥 2 (𝑣𝑥) + 𝑥(𝑣𝑥) 2 − 2(𝑣𝑥) 3 )𝑑𝑥 + (3𝑥(𝑣𝑥) 2 − 𝑥 2 (𝑣𝑥) − 𝑥 3 )(𝑣𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑣) = 0
(𝑣𝑥 3 + 𝑥(𝑣 2𝑥 2 ) − 2𝑣 3𝑥 3 )𝑑𝑥 + (3𝑥(𝑣 2𝑥 2 ) − 𝑣𝑥 3 − 𝑥 3 )(𝑣𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑣) = 0
(𝑣𝑥 3 + 𝑣 2𝑥 3 − 2𝑣 3𝑥 3 )𝑑𝑥 + (3𝑣 2𝑥 3 − 𝑣𝑥 3 − 𝑥 3 )(𝑣𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑑𝑣) = 0
𝑣𝑥 3𝑑𝑥 + 𝑣 2𝑥 3𝑑𝑥 − 2𝑣 3𝑥 3𝑑𝑥 + 3𝑣 3𝑥 3𝑑𝑥 + 3𝑣 2𝑥 4𝑑𝑣 − 𝑣 2𝑥 3𝑑𝑥 − 𝑣𝑥 4𝑑𝑣 − 𝑣𝑥 3𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥
4𝑑𝑣 = 0
𝑣 3𝑥 3𝑑𝑥 + 3𝑣 2𝑥 4𝑑𝑣 − 𝑣𝑥 4𝑑𝑣 − 𝑥 4𝑑𝑣 = 0
𝑣 3𝑥 3𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 4 (3𝑣 2 − 𝑣 − 1)𝑑𝑣 = 0
[𝑣 3𝑥 3𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 4 (3𝑣 2 − 𝑣 − 1)𝑑𝑣 = 0] [ 1 /(𝑣 3)(𝑥 4)
𝑣 3𝑥 3𝑑𝑥 /(𝑣 3)(𝑥 4) + 𝑥 4 (3𝑣 2 − 𝑣 − 1)𝑑𝑣 /(𝑣 3)(𝑥 4) = 0
𝑥 3𝑑𝑥/ 𝑥 4 + (3𝑣 2 − 𝑣 − 1)𝑑𝑣/ 𝑣 3 = 0
𝑑𝑥/ 𝑥 + (3𝑣 2 − 𝑣 − 1)𝑑𝑣/ 𝑣 3 = 0
∫ 𝑑𝑥 /𝑥 + ∫ ((3𝑣 2 − 𝑣 − 1) /𝑣 3 )𝑑𝑣 = ∫ 0
∫ 𝑑𝑥/ 𝑥 + ∫ (3𝑣 2/ 𝑣 3 )𝑑𝑣 + ∫ −𝑣/ 𝑣 3 𝑑𝑣 + ∫ −1/ 𝑣 3 𝑑𝑣 = 𝑐
∫ 𝑑𝑥/ 𝑥 + 3 ∫ 𝑑𝑣 /𝑣 − ∫ 𝑑𝑣/ 𝑣 2 − ∫ 𝑑𝑣/ 𝑣 3 = c
∫ 𝑑𝑥/ 𝑥 + 3 ∫ 𝑑𝑣/ 𝑣 − ∫ 𝑣 −2𝑑𝑣 − ∫ 𝑣 −3𝑑𝑣 = c
𝑢=𝑥 𝑤=𝑣
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑤 = 𝑑v
∫ 𝑑𝑢 /𝑢 + 3 ∫ 𝑑𝑤 /𝑤 − ∫ 𝑤 −2𝑑𝑤 − ∫ 𝑤 −3𝑑𝑤 = c
∫ 𝑑𝑢 /𝑢 = 𝐼𝑛|𝑢| + 𝐶
∫ 𝑢 𝑛𝑑𝑢 = 𝑢 𝑛+1/ 𝑛 + 1 + C
𝐼𝑛|𝑥| + 3𝐼𝑛|𝑣| − ( 𝑣 −1 /−1 ) − ( 𝑣 −2 /−2 ) = c
𝐼𝑛|𝑥| + 3𝐼𝑛|𝑣| + 1 /𝑣 + 1 /2𝑣 2 = c
𝐼𝑛|𝑎| + 𝐼𝑛|𝑏| = 𝐼𝑛|𝑎𝑏|
𝑟𝐼𝑛|𝑝| = 𝐼𝑛|𝑝| 𝑟
𝐼𝑛|𝑥| + 𝐼𝑛|𝑣| 3 + 1 /𝑣 + 1/ 2𝑣 2 = c
𝐼𝑛|𝑣 3𝑥| + 1/ 𝑣 + 1/2𝑣 2 = c
(2𝑣 2 ) (𝐼𝑛|𝑣 3𝑥| + 1/ 𝑣 + 1 /2𝑣 2 = 𝑐)
2𝑣 2 𝐼𝑛|𝑣 3𝑥| + 2𝑣 2 /𝑣 + 2𝑣 2 /2𝑣 2 = 2𝑣 2 c
2𝑣 2 𝐼𝑛|𝑣 3𝑥| + 2𝑣 + 1 = 𝑐𝑣 2
𝑆𝑖 𝑦 = 𝑣𝑥
𝑣 = 𝑦/x
2 ( 𝑦 /𝑥 ) 2 𝐼𝑛 |( 𝑦/ 𝑥 ) 3 𝑥| + 2 ( 𝑦 /𝑥 ) + 1 = 𝑐 ( 𝑦/ 𝑥 ) 2
2𝑦 2 /𝑥 2 𝐼𝑛 | 𝑥𝑦3/ 𝑥 3 | + 2𝑦/ 𝑥 + 1 = 𝑐𝑦 2 /𝑥 2
2𝑦 2 𝐼𝑛 | 𝑦 3 𝑥 2 |/ 𝑥 2 + 2𝑦/ 𝑥 + 1 = 𝑐𝑦 2/ 𝑥 2
(𝑥 2 ) ( 2𝑦 2 𝐼𝑛 | 𝑦 3 𝑥 2 |/ 𝑥 2 + 2𝑦/ 𝑥 + 1 = 𝑐𝑦 2 /𝑥 2 )

2𝑦 2 𝐼𝑛 | 𝑦 3 /𝑥 2 | + 2𝑥𝑦 + 𝑥 2 + 𝑐𝑦 2

Ejercicio 2.5 (Ecuaciones Diferenciales Exactas)

Encuentre la solución general de las siguientes ecuaciones diferenciales
1) (2𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦 + 3𝑥 2𝑦)𝑑𝑥 + (𝑥 3 − 𝑥 2 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑦 − 𝑦)𝑑𝑦 = 0

𝐷𝑥(𝑢) 𝑛 = 𝑛(𝑢) 𝑛−1𝑑u

𝜕𝑀 /𝜕𝑦 = 𝜕(2𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦 + 3𝑥 2𝑦) /𝜕𝑦 = −2𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑦 + 3𝑥 2 = 3𝑥 2 − 2𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑛y
𝐷𝑥(𝑢) 𝑛 = 𝑛(𝑢) 𝑛−1𝑑u
𝜕𝑁 /𝜕𝑥 = 𝜕(𝑥 3 − 𝑥 2 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑦 − 𝑦) /𝜕𝑥 = 3𝑥 2 − 2𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑛y
∫ 𝑀𝑑𝑥 = ∫(2𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦 + 3𝑥 2𝑦)𝑑x
∫ 2𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 3𝑥 2𝑦𝑑𝑥
2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦 ∫ 𝑥𝑑𝑥 + 3𝑦 ∫ 𝑥 2𝑑x
𝑢=𝑥
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑x
2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦 ∫ 𝑢𝑑𝑢 + 3𝑦 ∫ 𝑢 2𝑑u
∫ 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = 𝑢 𝑛+1 /𝑛 + 1 + c
∫ 𝑢 𝑛𝑑𝑢 = 𝑢 𝑛+1/ 𝑛 + 1 + c
2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦 ( 1/ 2 𝑥 2) + 3𝑦 ( 1 /3 𝑥 3) + 𝜙(𝑦)
𝑥 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦 + 𝑥 3𝑦 + 𝜙(𝑦) = M
∫ 𝑁𝑑𝑦 = ∫(𝑥 3 − 𝑥 2 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑦 − 𝑦)𝑑𝑦
∫ 𝑥 3𝑑𝑦 − ∫ 𝑥 2 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑦𝑑𝑦 − ∫ 𝑦𝑑y
𝑥 3 ∫ 𝑑𝑦 − 𝑥 2 ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑦𝑑𝑦 − ∫ 𝑦𝑑y
𝑣 = 𝑦 𝑑𝑣 = 𝑑y
𝑥 3 ∫ 𝑑𝑣 − 𝑥 2 ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑣𝑑𝑣 − ∫ 𝑣𝑑v
∫ 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑢 + C
∫ 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = 𝑢 𝑛+1/ 𝑛 + 1 + C
∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑢)𝑑𝑢 = −𝐶𝑜𝑠(𝑢) + C
𝑥 3 (𝑦) − 𝑥 2 (−𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦) − 1/ 2 𝑦 2 + 𝜙(𝑥)
𝑥 3𝑦 + 𝑥 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦 − 1/ 2 𝑦 2 + 𝜙(𝑥)
𝜙(𝑥) = 0
𝜙(𝑦) = − 1 /2 𝑦 2
∫ 𝑀𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦 + 𝑥 3𝑦 − 1 /2 𝑦2
∫ 𝑁𝑑𝑦 = 𝑥 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦 + 𝑥 3𝑦 − 1/ 2 𝑦 2

𝑥 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦 + 𝑥 3𝑦 − 1/ 2 𝑦 2 = c

2) (𝑥 + 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑦)𝑑𝑥 + (𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦 − 2𝑦)𝑑𝑦 = 0

𝐷𝑥 [𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑢] = 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑢𝐷𝑥u
𝜕𝑀 /𝜕𝑦 = 𝜕(𝑥 + 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑦) /𝜕𝑦 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠y
𝐷𝑥(𝑢) 𝑛 = 𝑛(𝑢) 𝑛−1𝑑𝑢
𝑎0=1

𝜕𝑁 /𝜕𝑥 = 𝜕(𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦 − 2𝑦) /𝜕𝑥 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠y

∫ 𝑀𝑑𝑥 = ∫(𝑥 + 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑦)𝑑𝑥
∫ 𝑥𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑦𝑑𝑥
∫ 𝑥𝑑𝑥 + 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑦 ∫ 𝑑x
𝑢=𝑥 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥
∫ 𝑢𝑑𝑢 + 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑦 ∫ 𝑑u
∫ 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑢 + 𝐶
∫ 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = 𝑢 𝑛+/ 𝑛 + 1 + C
1/ 2 𝑥 2 + 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑦(𝑥) + 𝜙(𝑦)
1 /2 𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑦 + 𝜙(𝑦)
∫ 𝑁𝑑𝑦 = ∫(𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦 − 2𝑦)𝑑𝑦
∫ 𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦𝑑𝑦 − ∫ 2𝑦𝑑𝑦
𝑥 ∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦𝑑𝑦 − 2 ∫ 𝑦𝑑y
𝑣 = 𝑦 𝑑𝑣 = 𝑑𝑦
𝑥 ∫ 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑣𝑑𝑣 − 2 ∫ 𝑣dv
∫ 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = 𝑢 𝑛+1/ 𝑛 + 1 + 𝐶
∫ Cos(u) du = Sen(u) + C
𝑥(𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑦) − 2 ( 1 /2 𝑦 2) + 𝜙(𝑥)
𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑦 − 𝑦 2 + 𝜙(𝑥) = N
𝜙(𝑥) = −𝑦 2 𝜙(𝑦) = 1 /2 𝑥 2
∫ 𝑀𝑑𝑥 = 1 2 𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑦 − 𝑦 2
∫ 𝑁𝑑𝑦 = 1 2 𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑦 − 𝑦 2

1/ 2 𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑦 − 𝑦 2 = c

3) 𝑑𝑦/ 𝑑𝑥 = 2 + 𝑦𝑒(𝑥𝑦) /2𝑦 − 𝑥𝑒(𝑥𝑦)

(2𝑦 − 𝑥𝑒(𝑥𝑦) )𝑑𝑦 = (2 + 𝑦𝑒(𝑥𝑦) )𝑑x
0 = (2 + 𝑦𝑒(𝑥𝑦) )𝑑𝑥 − (2𝑦 − 𝑥𝑒(𝑥𝑦) )𝑑𝑦
 (2 + 𝑦𝑒(𝑥𝑦) )𝑑𝑥 − (2𝑦 − 𝑥𝑒(𝑥𝑦) )𝑑𝑦 = 0
(2 + 𝑦𝑒(𝑥𝑦) )𝑑𝑥 + (−2𝑦 + 𝑥𝑒(𝑥𝑦) )𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝐷𝑥 (𝑢 ∙ 𝑣) = 𝑢𝑑𝑣 + 𝑣𝑑𝑢
𝐷𝑥 [𝑒 𝑢] = 𝑒 𝑢𝐷𝑥𝑢

𝜕𝑀 /𝜕𝑦 = 𝜕(2 + 𝑦𝑒(𝑥𝑦) ) /𝜕𝑦 = 𝑦𝑒(𝑥𝑦) 𝑥 + 𝑒 (𝑥𝑦) = 𝑥𝑦𝑒(𝑥𝑦) + 𝑒 (𝑥𝑦)

𝐷𝑥 (𝑢 ∙ 𝑣) = 𝑢𝑑𝑣 + 𝑣𝑑𝑢
𝐷𝑥 [𝑒 𝑢] = 𝑒 𝑢𝐷𝑥u
𝜕𝑁 /𝜕𝑥 = 𝜕(−2𝑦 + 𝑥𝑒(𝑥𝑦) ) /𝜕𝑥 = 𝑥𝑒(𝑥𝑦)𝑦 + 𝑒 (𝑥𝑦) = 𝑥𝑦𝑒(𝑥𝑦) + 𝑒 (𝑥𝑦)
∫ 𝑀𝑑𝑥 = ∫(2 + 𝑦𝑒(𝑥𝑦) )𝑑𝑥
∫ 2𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑦𝑒(𝑥𝑦)𝑑𝑥
2 ∫ 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑦𝑒(𝑥𝑦)𝑑𝑥
𝑢 = 𝑥y
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑦𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥 = 𝑑𝑢/y
2 ∫ 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑦𝑒(𝑢) ( 𝑑𝑢/ 𝑦 )
2 ∫ 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑒 (𝑢)𝑑u
𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 + 𝐶
∫ 𝑒 (𝑢)𝑑𝑢 = 𝑒 (𝑢) + 𝐶
2𝑥 + 𝑒 (𝑥𝑦) + 𝜙(𝑦)
∫ 𝑁𝑑𝑦 = ∫(−2𝑦 + 𝑥𝑒(𝑥𝑦) )𝑑𝑦
∫ −2𝑦𝑑𝑦 + ∫ 𝑥𝑒(𝑥𝑦)𝑑𝑦
−2 ∫ 𝑦𝑑𝑦 + ∫ 𝑥𝑒(𝑥𝑦)𝑑y
𝑤=𝑦 𝑣 = 𝑥𝑦
𝑑𝑤 = 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑣 = 𝑥𝑑y
𝑑𝑦 = 𝑑𝑣/x
−2 ∫ 𝑤𝑑𝑤 + ∫ 𝑥𝑒(𝑣) ( 𝑑𝑣/ 𝑥 )
∫ 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = 𝑢 𝑛+1 /𝑛 + 1 + 𝐶
∫ 𝑒 (𝑢)𝑑𝑢 = 𝑒 (𝑢) + C
−2 ( 1 /2 𝑦 2) + 𝑒 (𝑥𝑦) + 𝜙(𝑥)
−𝑦 2 + 𝑒 (𝑥𝑦) + 𝜙(𝑥) = N
𝜙(𝑥) = 2𝑥 𝜙(𝑦) = −𝑦 2
∫ 𝑀𝑑𝑥 = 2𝑥 + 𝑒 (𝑥𝑦) − 𝑦 2
∫ 𝑁𝑑𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 𝑒 (𝑥𝑦) − 𝑦 2

2𝑥 + 𝑒 (𝑥𝑦) − 𝑦 2 = c

4) 𝑑𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 = −3𝑦𝑥2/ 𝑥 3 − 2𝑦 4
(𝑥 3 − 2𝑦 4 )𝑑𝑦 = (−3𝑦𝑥2 )𝑑𝑥
(𝑥 3 − 2𝑦 4 )𝑑𝑦 = −(3𝑦𝑥2 )𝑑𝑥
(3𝑦𝑥2 )𝑑𝑥 + (𝑥 3 − 2𝑦 4 )𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝐷𝑥(𝑢) 𝑛 = 𝑛(𝑢) 𝑛−1𝑑𝑢
𝑎0=1
𝜕𝑀/ 𝜕𝑦 = 𝜕(3𝑦𝑥2 ) /𝜕𝑦 = 3𝑥 2

𝐷𝑥(𝑢) 𝑛 = 𝑛(𝑢) 𝑛−1𝑑u

𝜕𝑁 /𝜕𝑥 = 𝜕(𝑥 3 − 2𝑦 4 )/ 𝜕𝑥 = 3𝑥 2
∫ 𝑀𝑑𝑥 = ∫(3𝑦𝑥2 )𝑑𝑥
∫ 3𝑦𝑥2𝑑𝑥 3𝑦 ∫ 𝑥 2𝑑𝑥
𝑢 = 𝑥 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥
3𝑦 ∫ 𝑢 2𝑑u
∫ 𝑢 𝑛𝑑𝑢 = 𝑢 𝑛+1 /𝑛 + 1 + 𝐶
3𝑦 ( 1 3 𝑥 3) + 𝜙(𝑦)
𝑥 3𝑦 + 𝜙(𝑦) = M
∫ 𝑁𝑑𝑦 = ∫(𝑥 3 − 2𝑦 4 )𝑑y
∫ 𝑥 3𝑑𝑦 + ∫ 2𝑦 4𝑑𝑦
𝑥 3 ∫ 𝑑𝑦 + 2 ∫ 𝑦 4𝑑𝑦
𝑣=𝑦 𝑑𝑣 = 𝑑𝑦
𝑥 3 ∫ 𝑑𝑣 + 2 ∫ 𝑣 4𝑑v
∫ 𝑢 𝑛𝑑𝑢 = 𝑢 𝑛+1 /𝑛 + 1 + 𝐶
∫ 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑢 + C
𝑥 3𝑦 + 2 ( 1 5 𝑥 5) + 𝜙(𝑥)
𝑥 3𝑦 + 2 /5 𝑥 5 + 𝜙(𝑥)
𝜙(𝑥) = 0 𝜙(𝑦) = 2/ 5 𝑥 5
∫ 𝑀𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 3𝑦 + 2 5 𝑥 5
∫ 𝑁𝑑𝑦 = 𝑥 3𝑦 + 2 5 𝑥 5

𝑥 3𝑦 + 2 5 𝑥 5 = c

5) (2𝑥𝑦)𝑑𝑥 + (1 + 𝑥 2 )𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝐷𝑥(𝑢) 𝑛 = 𝑛(𝑢) 𝑛−1𝑑𝑢
𝑎0=1
𝜕𝑀/𝜕𝑦 = 𝜕(2𝑥𝑦) /𝜕𝑦 = 2x
𝐷𝑥(𝑢) 𝑛 = 𝑛(𝑢) 𝑛−1𝑑u
𝜕𝑁/ 𝜕𝑥 = 𝜕(1 + 𝑥 2 ) 𝜕𝑥 = 2x
∫ 𝑀𝑑𝑥 = ∫(2𝑥𝑦)𝑑𝑥
∫ 2𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑥 2𝑦 ∫ 𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝑢=𝑥 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥
2𝑦 ∫ 𝑢𝑑u

∫ 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = 𝑢 𝑛+1 /𝑛 + 1 + C
2𝑦 ( 1 /2 𝑥 2) + 𝜙(𝑦)
𝑥 2𝑦 + 𝜙(𝑦) = M
∫ 𝑁𝑑𝑦 = ∫(1 + 𝑥 2 )𝑑𝑦
∫ 1𝑑𝑦 + ∫ 𝑥 2𝑑𝑦
∫ 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑥 2 ∫ 𝑑y
∫ 𝑑𝑦 = 𝑦 + 𝐶
𝑦 + 𝑥 2𝑦 + 𝜙(𝑥)
𝜙(𝑥) = 0 𝜙(𝑦) = y
∫ 𝑀𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 2𝑦 + 𝑦
∫ 𝑁𝑑𝑦 = 𝑥 2𝑦 + y
𝑥 2𝑦 + 𝑦 = c

(𝑥 2 + 1)𝑦 = c

6) (𝑦𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 + 𝑥𝑦𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)𝑑𝑥 + (𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 + 1)𝑑𝑦 = 0

𝐷𝑥(𝑢) 𝑛 = 𝑛(𝑢) 𝑛−1𝑑𝑢
𝑎0=1
𝜕𝑀/ 𝜕𝑦 = 𝜕(𝑦𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 + 𝑥𝑦𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥) /𝜕𝑦 = 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 + 𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠x
𝐷𝑥 (𝑢 ∙ 𝑣) = 𝑢𝑑𝑣 + 𝑣𝑑𝑢
𝐷𝑥 (𝑐) = 0
𝜕𝑁/ 𝜕𝑥 = 𝜕(𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 + 1)/ 𝜕𝑥 = 𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 𝑠𝑒𝑛 = 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 + 𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠x
∫ 𝑀𝑑𝑥 = ∫(𝑦𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 + 𝑥𝑦𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)𝑑𝑥
∫ 𝑦𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑥𝑦𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝑦 ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦 ∫ 𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝑤=𝑥 𝑑𝑤 = 𝑑x
𝑢=𝑥 𝑑𝑣 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥 𝑣 = 𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑥 + C
𝑦 ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑑𝑢 + 𝑦 ∫ 𝑢𝑑v
∫ 𝑢𝑑𝑣 = 𝑢𝑣 − ∫ 𝑣 𝑑𝑢
∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑢)𝑑𝑢 = −𝐶𝑜𝑠(𝑢) + C
𝑦(−𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥) + 𝑦 (𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 − ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑥)
𝑢 = 𝑥 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑x
−𝑦𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 𝑦 (𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 − ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑑𝑢)
∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑢)𝑑𝑢 = −𝐶𝑜𝑠(𝑢) + 𝐶
−𝑦𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 𝑦(𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 − (−𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)) + 𝜙(𝑦)
−𝑦𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 𝑦(𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥) + 𝜙(𝑦)
−𝑦𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 𝑥𝑦𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 + 𝑦𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 𝜙(𝑦)
𝑥𝑦𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 + 𝜙(𝑦) = M
∫ 𝑁𝑑𝑦 = ∫(𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 + 1)𝑑𝑦
∫ 𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑦 + ∫ 1𝑑𝑦
𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 ∫ 𝑑𝑦 + ∫ 𝑑y
∫ 𝑑𝑦 = 𝑦 + 𝐶
𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥(𝑦) + 𝑦 + 𝜙(𝑥)
𝑥𝑦𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝜙(𝑥) =N
𝜙(𝑥) = 0
𝜙(𝑦) = y
∫ 𝑀𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥𝑦𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 + 𝑦
∫ 𝑁𝑑𝑦 = 𝑥𝑦𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 + y

𝑥𝑦𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 + 𝑦 = C

Ejercicio 2.7 (Ecuaciones Diferenciales Lineales)

Encuentre la solución de las siguientes ecuaciones diferenciales

1) 𝑑𝑦/ 𝑑𝑥 − 3𝑦 = 6
𝑃 = −3 𝑄 = 6
𝐹.𝐼. = 𝑒 ∫𝑃𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝐹.𝐼. = 𝑒 ∫ −3𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝐹.𝐼. = 𝑒 −3 ∫ 𝑑𝑥𝑑x
∫ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 + 𝐶
𝐹.𝐼. = 𝑒 −3(𝑥)𝑑𝑥
𝐹.𝐼. = 𝑒 −3𝑥𝑑x
𝑑𝑦/ 𝑑𝑥 − 3𝑦 = 6) (𝑒 −3𝑥𝑑𝑥)
𝑑𝑦(𝑒 −3𝑥𝑑𝑥)/ 𝑑𝑥 − 3𝑦(𝑒 −3𝑥𝑑𝑥) = 6(𝑒 −3𝑥𝑑𝑥)

𝑒 −3𝑥𝑑𝑦 − 3𝑦𝑒−3𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 6𝑒 −3𝑥𝑑x

𝐷𝑥 [𝑒 𝑢] = 𝑒 𝑢𝐷𝑥𝑢
𝐷𝑥 (𝑢 ∙ 𝑣) = 𝑢𝑑𝑣 + 𝑣𝑑𝑢
𝐷𝑥(𝑢) 𝑛 = 𝑛(𝑢) 𝑛−1𝑑u
𝑎0=1
𝑢 = 𝑒 −3𝑥
𝑑𝑢 = −3𝑒 −3𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝑣=𝑦
𝑑𝑣 = 𝑑𝑦
𝑒 −3𝑥𝑑𝑦 + 𝑦(−3𝑒 −3𝑥𝑑𝑥)
𝑒 −3𝑥𝑑𝑦−3𝑦𝑒−3𝑥𝑑x
𝐷𝑥 (𝑢 ∙ 𝑣) = 𝑢𝑑𝑣 + 𝑣𝑑𝑢
𝑑(𝑒 −3𝑥 ∙ 𝑦) = 𝑒 −3𝑥𝑑𝑦−3𝑦𝑒−3𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝑑(𝑦𝑒−3𝑥 ) = 𝑒 −3𝑥𝑑𝑦−3𝑦𝑒−3𝑥𝑑x
𝑑(𝑦𝑒−3𝑥 ) = 6𝑒 −3𝑥𝑑x

∫ 𝑑(𝑦𝑒−3𝑥 ) = ∫ 6𝑒 −3𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝑦𝑒−3𝑥 = 6 ∫ 𝑒 −3𝑥𝑑x
𝑢 = −3𝑥
𝑑𝑢 = −3𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥 = − 𝑑𝑢 /3
𝑦𝑒−3𝑥 = 6 ∫ 𝑒 𝑢 (− 𝑑𝑢 /3 )
𝑦𝑒−3𝑥 = −2 ∫ 𝑒 𝑢𝑑𝑢
∫ 𝑒 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = 𝑒 𝑢 + 𝐶
𝑦𝑒−3𝑥 = −2(𝑒 −3𝑥 ) + 𝑐
𝑦𝑒−3𝑥 = −2𝑒 −3𝑥 + c
𝑦 = −2𝑒 −3𝑥 + 𝑐/ 𝑒 −3𝑥
𝑦 = −2𝑒 −3𝑥 /𝑒 −3𝑥 + 𝑐/ 𝑒 −3𝑥
𝑦 = −2 + 𝑐𝑒 3𝑥

𝑦 + 2 = 𝑐𝑒 3x

2) 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦 = 𝑠𝑒𝑛x
𝑃 = 1 𝑄 = 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥
𝐹.𝐼. = 𝑒 ∫𝑃𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝐹.𝐼. = 𝑒 ∫ 1𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝐹.𝐼. = 𝑒 ∫ 𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑥
∫ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 + 𝐶 𝐹.𝐼. = 𝑒 𝑥𝑑x
( 𝑑𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦 = 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥) (𝑒 𝑥𝑑𝑥)
𝑑𝑦(𝑒 𝑥𝑑𝑥) /𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦(𝑒 𝑥𝑑𝑥) = 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥(𝑒 𝑥𝑑𝑥)
𝑒 𝑥𝑑𝑦 + 𝑦𝑒 𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥𝑑x
𝐷𝑥 [𝑒 𝑢] = 𝑒 𝑢𝐷𝑥𝑢
𝐷𝑥 (𝑢 ∙ 𝑣) = 𝑢𝑑𝑣 + 𝑣𝑑𝑢
𝐷𝑥(𝑢) 𝑛 = 𝑛(𝑢) 𝑛−1𝑑u
𝑎0=1
𝑢=𝑒𝑥
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑒 𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝑣=𝑦 𝑑𝑣 = 𝑑y
𝑒 𝑥𝑑𝑦 + 𝑦(𝑒 𝑥𝑑𝑥)
𝑒 𝑥𝑑𝑦 + 𝑦𝑒𝑥𝑑x
𝐷𝑥 (𝑢 ∙ 𝑣) = 𝑢𝑑𝑣 + 𝑣𝑑𝑢
𝑑(𝑒 𝑥 ∙ 𝑦) = 𝑒 𝑥𝑑𝑦 + 𝑦𝑒𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝑑(𝑦𝑒𝑥 ) = 𝑒 𝑥𝑑𝑦 + 𝑦𝑒𝑥𝑑x
𝑑(𝑦𝑒𝑥 ) = 𝑒 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥𝑑x

∫ 𝑑(𝑦𝑒𝑥 ) = ∫ 𝑒 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥𝑑x
∫ 𝑒 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥𝑑x
𝑢 = 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥
𝑑𝑣 = 𝑒 𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥𝑑𝑥 𝑣 = 𝑒 𝑥 + c
∫ 𝑢𝑑𝑣
∫ 𝑢𝑑𝑣 = 𝑢𝑣 − ∫ 𝑣 𝑑𝑢
 ∫ 𝑒 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥(𝑒 𝑥 ) − ∫ 𝑒 𝑥 (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥𝑑𝑥)
∫ 𝑒 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 − ∫ 𝑒 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥𝑑x
𝑤 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 𝑑𝑝 = 𝑒 𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑤 = −𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑥 𝑝 = 𝑒 𝑥 + c
∫ 𝑒 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 − ∫ 𝑤 𝑑p
∫ 𝑢𝑑𝑣 = 𝑢𝑣 − ∫ 𝑣 𝑑u
∫ 𝑒 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 − [cosx(𝑒 𝑥 ) − ∫ 𝑒 𝑥 (−𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑥)]
∫ 𝑒 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 − [𝑒 𝑥 cosx + ∫ 𝑒 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑥]
∫ 𝑒 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 − 𝑒 𝑥 cosx − ∫ 𝑒 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑥
∫ 𝑒 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑒 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 − 𝑒 𝑥 cosx + c
2 ∫ 𝑒 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 − 𝑒 𝑥 cosx + c
( 1 /2 ) (2 ∫ 𝑒 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 − 𝑒 𝑥 cosx + c)
∫ 𝑒 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 1 /2 𝑒 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 − 1/ 2 𝑒 𝑥 cosx + 1 /2 c
∫ 𝑒 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 1/ 2 𝑒 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 − 1/ 2 𝑒 𝑥 cosx + c

𝑦𝑒𝑥 = 1 2 𝑒 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 − 1 2 𝑒 𝑥 cosx + c

(2) (𝑦𝑒𝑥 = 1 /2 𝑒 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 − 1/ 2 𝑒 𝑥 cosx + 𝑐)
2𝑦𝑒𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 − 𝑒 𝑥 cosx + 2c
2𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥/ 𝑒 𝑥 − 𝑒 𝑥 cosx/ 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑐 /𝑒x
2𝑦 = 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 − cosx + c𝑒 −𝑥
2𝑦 + cosx = 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 + c𝑒 −x

2𝑦 + cosx = c𝑒 −𝑥 + 𝑠𝑒𝑛x

3) 𝑦 ′ − 2𝑥𝑦 = 𝑥
𝑑𝑦/ 𝑑𝑥 − 2𝑥𝑦 = x
𝑃 = −2𝑥 𝑄 = x
𝐹.𝐼. = 𝑒 ∫𝑃𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝐹.𝐼. = 𝑒 ∫ −2𝑥𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝐹.𝐼. = 𝑒 −2 ∫ 𝑥𝑑𝑥𝑑x
𝑢 = 𝑥 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑x
𝐹.𝐼. = 𝑒 −2 ∫ 𝑢𝑑𝑢𝑑x

∫ 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = 𝑢 𝑛+1/ 𝑛 + 1 + C
𝐹.𝐼. = 𝑒 −2( 1 2 𝑥 2 ) 𝑑𝑥
𝐹.𝐼. = 𝑒 −𝑥 2 𝑑x
( 𝑑𝑦/ 𝑑𝑥 − 2𝑥𝑦 = 𝑥) (𝑒 −𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥)
𝑑𝑦(𝑒 −𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥)/ 𝑑𝑥 − 2𝑥𝑦(𝑒 −𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥) = 𝑥(𝑒 −𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥)
𝑒 −𝑥 2 𝑑𝑦 − 2𝑥𝑦𝑒 −𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥𝑒 −𝑥 2 𝑑x
𝐷𝑥 [𝑒 𝑢] = 𝑒 𝑢𝐷𝑥u
𝐷𝑥 (𝑢 ∙ 𝑣) = 𝑢𝑑𝑣 + 𝑣𝑑𝑢
𝐷𝑥(𝑢) 𝑛 = 𝑛(𝑢) 𝑛−1𝑑u
𝑓=𝑒𝑤
𝑑𝑓 = 𝑒 𝑤𝐷𝑥𝑤 = −2𝑥𝑒−𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
𝑤 = −𝑥 2
𝑑𝑤 = −2𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝑢 = 𝑒 −𝑥 2
𝑑𝑢 = −2𝑥𝑒−𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
𝑣=𝑦
𝑑𝑣 = 𝑑𝑦
𝑒 −𝑥 2 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑦(−2𝑥𝑒−𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥)
𝑒 −𝑥 2 𝑑𝑦 − 2𝑥𝑦𝑒 −𝑥 2 𝑑x
𝐷𝑥 (𝑢 ∙ 𝑣) = 𝑢𝑑𝑣 + 𝑣𝑑𝑢
𝑑(𝑒 −𝑥 2 ∙ 𝑦) = 𝑒 −𝑥 2 𝑑𝑦 − 2𝑥𝑦𝑒 −𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
𝑑(𝑦𝑒 −𝑥 2 ) = 𝑒 −𝑥 2 𝑑𝑦 − 2𝑥𝑦𝑒 −𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
𝑑(𝑦𝑒 −𝑥 2 ) = 𝑥𝑒 −𝑥 2 𝑑x

∫ 𝑑(𝑦𝑒 −𝑥 2 ) = ∫ 𝑥𝑒 −𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
𝑦𝑒 −𝑥 2 = ∫ 𝑥𝑒 −𝑥 2 𝑑x
𝑢 = −𝑥 2
𝑑𝑢 = −2𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥 = − 𝑑𝑢/ 2x
𝑦𝑒 −𝑥 2 = ∫ 𝑥𝑒 𝑢 (− 𝑑𝑢/ 2𝑥 )
𝑦𝑒 −𝑥 2 = − 1 2 ∫ 𝑒 𝑢𝑑u
∫ 𝑒 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = 𝑒 𝑢 + 𝐶
𝑦𝑒 −𝑥 2 = − 1 /2 (𝑒 −𝑥 2 ) + 𝑐
𝑦𝑒 −𝑥 2 = − 1/ 2 𝑒 −𝑥 2 + C
(2) (𝑦𝑒 −𝑥 2 = − 1 /2 𝑒 −𝑥 2 + 𝑐)
2𝑦𝑒 −𝑥 2 = −𝑒 −𝑥 2 + 2c
2𝑦 = −𝑒 −𝑥 2 + 𝑐/ 𝑒 −𝑥 2
2𝑦 = − 𝑒 −𝑥 2/ 𝑒 −𝑥 2 + 𝑐 /𝑒 −𝑥 2
2𝑦 = −1 + 𝑐𝑒 𝑥 2

2𝑦 + 1 = 𝑐𝑒 𝑥 2

4) 𝑦 ′ − 7𝑦 = 𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥)
𝑑𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 − 7𝑦 = 𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥)
𝑃 = −7 𝑄 = 𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥)
𝐹.𝐼. = 𝑒 ∫𝑃𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝐹.𝐼. = 𝑒 ∫ −7𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝐹.𝐼. = 𝑒 −7 ∫ 𝑑𝑥𝑑x
∫ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 + 𝐶
𝐹.𝐼. = 𝑒 −7(𝑥)𝑑𝑥
 𝐹.𝐼. = 𝑒 −7𝑥𝑑x
( 𝑑𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 − 7𝑦 = 𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥)) (𝑒 −7𝑥𝑑𝑥)
𝑑𝑦(𝑒 −7𝑥𝑑𝑥)/ 𝑑𝑥 − 7𝑦(𝑒 −7𝑥𝑑𝑥) = 𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥)(𝑒 −7𝑥𝑑𝑥)
𝑒 −7𝑥𝑑𝑦 − 7𝑦𝑒 −7𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 −7𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥)𝑑x
𝐷𝑥 [𝑒 𝑢] = 𝑒 𝑢𝐷𝑥𝑢
𝐷𝑥 (𝑢 ∙ 𝑣) = 𝑢𝑑𝑣 + 𝑣𝑑𝑢
𝐷𝑥(𝑢) 𝑛 = 𝑛(𝑢) 𝑛−1𝑑u
𝑎0=1
𝑢 = 𝑒 −7𝑥
𝑑𝑢 = −7𝑒 −7𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝑣=𝑦
𝑑𝑣 = 𝑑y
𝑒 −7𝑥𝑑𝑦 + 𝑦(−7𝑒 −7𝑥𝑑𝑥)
𝑒 −7𝑥𝑑𝑦 − 7𝑦𝑒 −7𝑥𝑑x
𝐷𝑥 (𝑢 ∙ 𝑣) = 𝑢𝑑𝑣 + 𝑣𝑑𝑢
𝑑(𝑒 −7𝑥 ∙ 𝑦) = 𝑒 −7𝑥𝑑𝑦 − 7𝑦𝑒 −7𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝑑(𝑦𝑒 −7𝑥 ) = 𝑒 −7𝑥𝑑𝑦 − 7𝑦𝑒 −7𝑥𝑑x
𝑑(𝑦𝑒 −7𝑥 ) = 𝑒 −7𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥)𝑑x

∫ 𝑑(𝑦𝑒 −7𝑥 ) = ∫ 𝑒 −7𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥)𝑑x

∫ 𝑑(𝑦𝑒 −7𝑥 ) = 𝑦𝑒 −7x
∫ 𝑒 −7𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥)𝑑x
𝑢 = 𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥)
𝑑𝑣 = 𝑒 −7𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑢 = 2 cos(2𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
𝑣 = − 1 7 𝑒 −7𝑥 + C
∫ 𝑢𝑑v
∫ 𝑢𝑑𝑣 = 𝑢𝑣 − ∫ 𝑣 𝑑u
∫ 𝑒 −7𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = − 1/ 7 𝑒 −7𝑥 (𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥)) − ∫ − 1/ 7 𝑒 −7𝑥 (2 cos(2𝑥) 𝑑𝑥)
∫ 𝑒 −7𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = − 1 /7 𝑒 −7𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥) + 2 /7 ∫ 𝑒 −7𝑥 cos(2𝑥) 𝑑x
𝑢 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠(2𝑥)
𝑑𝑣 = 𝑒 −7𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑢 = −2 sen(2𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
𝑣 = − 1 /7 𝑒 −7𝑥 + c
∫ 𝑒 −7𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = − 1 /7 𝑒 −7𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥) + 2/ 7 (− 1/ 7 𝑒 −7𝑥 (𝑐𝑜𝑠(2𝑥)) − ∫ − 1/7 𝑒 −7𝑥 (−2 sen(2𝑥) 𝑑𝑥))
∫ 𝑒 −7𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = − 1 /7 𝑒 −7𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥) + 2/ 7 (− 1/ 7 𝑒 −7𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠(2𝑥) − 2/ 7 ∫ 𝑒 −7𝑥 sen(2𝑥) 𝑑𝑥)
∫ 𝑒 −7𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = − 1/ 7 𝑒 −7𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥) − 2 /49 𝑒 −7𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠(2𝑥) − 4 /49 ∫ 𝑒 −7𝑥 sen(2𝑥) 𝑑x
4 /49 ∫ 𝑒 −7𝑥 sen(2𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑒 −7𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = − 1/ 7 𝑒 −7𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥) − 2 /49 𝑒 −7𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠(2𝑥) + c
4/ 49 ∫ 𝑒 −7𝑥 sen(2𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 + 49 /49 ∫ 𝑒 −7𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = − 1/ 7 𝑒 −7𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥) − 2/ 49 𝑒 −7𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠(2𝑥) + 𝑐
53 /49 ∫ 𝑒 −7𝑥 sen(2𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 = − 1 /7 𝑒 −7𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥) − 2/ 49 𝑒 −7𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠(2𝑥) + c
( 49 /53) ( 53 /49 ∫ 𝑒 −7𝑥 sen(2𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 = − 1 /7 𝑒 −7𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥) − 2 /49 𝑒 −7𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠(2𝑥) + 𝑐)
∫ 𝑒 −7𝑥 sen(2𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 = ( 49/ 53) − 1 7 𝑒 −7𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥) − ( 49 /53) 2 49 𝑒 −7𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠(2𝑥) + 49𝑐 /53
∫ 𝑒 −7𝑥 sen(2𝑥) 𝑑x
− 7/ 53 𝑒 −7𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥) − 2 /53 𝑒 −7𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠(2𝑥) + C

𝑦𝑒 −7𝑥 = − 7 /53 𝑒 −7𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥) − 2 /53 𝑒 −7𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠(2𝑥) + C

(53) (𝑦𝑒 −7𝑥 = − 7/ 53 𝑒 −7𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥) − 2 /53 𝑒 −7𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠(2𝑥) + 𝑐)
53𝑦𝑒 −7𝑥 = −7𝑒 −7𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥) − 2𝑒 −7𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠(2𝑥) + 53c
53𝑦 = −7𝑒 −7𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥) − 2𝑒 −7𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠(2𝑥) + 𝑐/ 𝑒 −7C
53𝑦 = (−7𝑒 −7𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥)/ 𝑒 −7𝑥 )− 2𝑒 −7𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠(2𝑥)/ 𝑒 −7𝑥 +( 𝑐/ 𝑒 −7𝑥)

53𝑦 = −7𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥) − 2𝑐𝑜𝑠(2𝑥) + 𝑐𝑒 7x

53𝑦 + 7𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥) + 2𝑐𝑜𝑠(2𝑥) = 𝑐𝑒 7x

53𝑦 + 2𝑐𝑜𝑠(2𝑥) + 7𝑠𝑒𝑛(2𝑥) = 𝑐𝑒 7x

5) 𝑥 ( 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥) − 4𝑦 = 𝑥 6𝑒x
( 1 /𝑥 ) (𝑥 ( 𝑑𝑦 /𝑑𝑥) − 4𝑦 = 𝑥 6𝑒 𝑥)
𝑑𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 − 4𝑦/ 𝑥 = 𝑥 6𝑒 𝑥 /𝑥
𝑑𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 − 4𝑦 /𝑥 = 𝑥 5𝑒 𝑥
𝑑𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 − (4/ 𝑥 )𝑦 = 𝑥 5𝑒 𝑥
𝑃 = − 4 𝑥 𝑄 = 𝑥 5𝑒 x
𝐹.𝐼. = 𝑒 ∫𝑃𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝐹.𝐼. = 𝑒 ∫ − 4 𝑥 𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝐹.𝐼. = 𝑒 −4 ∫ 𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑑x
𝑢=𝑥
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥
𝐹.𝐼. = 𝑒 −4 ∫ 𝑑𝑢 /𝑢 𝑑x
∫ 𝑑𝑢 /𝑢 = 𝐼𝑛|𝑢| + 𝐶
𝐹.𝐼. = 𝑒 −4(𝐼𝑛|𝑥|)𝑑𝑥
𝐹.𝐼. = 𝑒 −4𝐼𝑛|𝑥|𝑑x
𝑟𝐼𝑛|𝑝| = 𝐼𝑛|𝑝| 𝑟
𝐹.𝐼. = 𝑒 𝐼𝑛|𝑥| −4 𝑑𝑥
𝐹.𝐼. = 𝑥 −4𝑑x
( 𝑑𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 − 4 𝑥 𝑦 = 𝑥 5𝑒 𝑥) (𝑥 −4𝑑𝑥)
𝑑𝑦(𝑥 −4𝑑𝑥) /𝑑𝑥 − 4/ 𝑥 𝑦(𝑥 −4𝑑𝑥) = 𝑥 5𝑒 𝑥 (𝑥 −4𝑑𝑥)
𝑥 −4𝑑𝑦 − 4𝑦𝑥 −5𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥𝑒 𝑥𝑑x
𝐷𝑥(𝑢) 𝑛 = 𝑛(𝑢) 𝑛−1𝑑𝑢
𝑢 = 𝑥 −4 𝑑𝑢 = −4𝑥 −5𝑑𝑥
𝑣=𝑦
𝑑𝑣 = dy
𝑥 −4𝑑𝑦 + 𝑦(−4𝑥 −5𝑑𝑥)
𝑥 −4𝑑𝑦 − 4𝑦𝑥 −5𝑑𝑥
𝐷𝑥 (𝑢 ∙ 𝑣) = 𝑢𝑑𝑣 + 𝑣𝑑𝑢
𝑑(𝑥 −4 ∙ 𝑦) = 𝑥 −4𝑑𝑦 − 4𝑦𝑥 −5𝑑𝑥
𝑑(𝑦𝑥 −4 ) = 𝑥 −4𝑑𝑦 − 4𝑦𝑥 −5𝑑x
𝑑(𝑦𝑥 −4 ) = 𝑥𝑒 𝑥𝑑x

∫ 𝑑(𝑦𝑥 −4 ) = ∫ 𝑥𝑒 𝑥𝑑x
∫ 𝑥𝑒 𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝑢=𝑥 𝑑𝑣 = 𝑒 𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥 𝑣=𝑒𝑥+𝑐
∫ 𝑢𝑑v
∫ 𝑢𝑑𝑣 = 𝑢𝑣 − ∫ 𝑣 𝑑𝑢
∫ 𝑥𝑒 𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥𝑒 𝑥 − ∫ 𝑒 𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝑢=𝑥 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥
∫ 𝑥𝑒 𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥𝑒 𝑥 − ∫ 𝑒 𝑢𝑑u
∫ 𝑒 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = 𝑒 𝑢 + 𝐶
∫ 𝑥𝑒 𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥𝑒 𝑥 − 𝑒 𝑥 + C
𝑦𝑥 −4 = 𝑥𝑒 𝑥 − 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑐
𝑦 = 𝑥𝑒 𝑥 − 𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑐/𝑥 −4
𝑦 = 𝑥𝑒 𝑥/ 𝑥 −4 − 𝑒 𝑥/ 𝑥 −4 + 𝑐 /𝑥 −4
𝑦 = 𝑥𝑒 𝑥 (𝑥 4 ) − 𝑒 𝑥 (𝑥 4 ) + 𝑐𝑥 4
𝑦 = 𝑥 5𝑒 𝑥 − 𝑥 4𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑐𝑥 4
𝑦 + 𝑥 4𝑒 𝑥 = 𝑥 5𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑐𝑥 4

𝑦 + 𝑥 4𝑒 𝑥 = 𝑥 4 (𝑥𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑐)

6) (𝑥 2 + 9) 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑦 = 0
( 1/ 𝑥 2 + 9 ) ((𝑥 2 + 9) 𝑑𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑦 = 0)
𝑑𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑦/𝑥 2 + 9 = 0
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 𝑥 2 + 9 𝑦 = 0
𝑃=𝑥𝑥2+9𝑄=0
𝐹.𝐼. = 𝑒 ∫𝑃𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝐹.𝐼. = 𝑒 ∫ 𝑥 2+9 𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝑢=𝑥2+9
𝑑𝑢 = 2𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥 = 𝑑𝑢 2𝑥
𝐹.𝐼. = 𝑒 ∫ 𝑥 𝑢 ( 𝑑𝑢 /2𝑥 ) 𝑑𝑥
𝐹.𝐼. = 𝑒 1 2 ∫ 𝑑𝑢/ 𝑢 𝑑x
∫ 𝑑𝑢 𝑢 = 𝐼𝑛|𝑢| + 𝐶
𝐹.𝐼. = 𝑒 1 2 𝐼𝑛|𝑥 2+9| 𝑑x
𝑟𝐼𝑛|𝑝| = 𝐼𝑛|𝑝| 𝑟
𝐹.𝐼. = 𝑒 𝐼𝑛|𝑥 2+9| 1/2 𝑑𝑥
𝐹.𝐼. = (𝑥 2 + 9) 1/2𝑑𝑥
𝐹.𝐼. = √𝑥 2 + 9 𝑑x
𝑑𝑦/ 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 /𝑥 2 + 9 𝑦 = 0) (√𝑥 2 + 9 𝑑𝑥)
𝑑𝑦(√𝑥 2 + 9 𝑑𝑥)/ 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥/ 𝑥 2 + 9 𝑦 (√𝑥 2 + 9 𝑑𝑥) = 0 (√𝑥 2 + 9 𝑑𝑥)
√𝑥 2 + 9𝑑𝑦 + 𝑥𝑦√𝑥 2 + 9/ 𝑥 2 + 9 𝑑𝑥 = 0
√𝑥 2 + 9𝑑𝑦 + 𝑥𝑦(𝑥 2 + 9) 1/2 /𝑥 2 + 9 𝑑𝑥 = 0
√𝑥 2 + 9𝑑𝑦 + 𝑥𝑦/ (𝑥 2 + 9) 1/2 𝑑𝑥 = 0
𝐷𝑥(𝑢) 𝑛 = 𝑛(𝑢) 𝑛−1𝑑𝑢
𝑎0=1
𝑓 = √𝑤 𝑑𝑓 = 1 /2√𝑤 𝑑𝑤 = 1/ 2√𝑥 2 + 9 (2𝑥𝑑𝑥) = 𝑥 /√𝑥 2 + 9 𝑑x
𝑤 = 𝑥 2 + 9 𝑑𝑤 = 2𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝑢 = √𝑥 2 + 9 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑥 √𝑥 2 + 9 𝑑𝑥
𝑣=𝑦 𝑑𝑣 = 𝑑𝑦
√𝑥 2 + 9𝑑𝑦 + 𝑦 ( 𝑥 /√𝑥 2 + 9 𝑑𝑥)
√𝑥 2 + 9𝑑𝑦 + 𝑥𝑦/ √𝑥 2 + 9 𝑑𝑥
𝐷𝑥 (𝑢 ∙ 𝑣) = 𝑢𝑑𝑣 + 𝑣𝑑u
𝑑 (√𝑥 2 + 9 ∙ 𝑦) = √𝑥 2 + 9𝑑𝑦 + 𝑥𝑦/ √𝑥 2 + 9 𝑑𝑥
𝑑 (𝑦√𝑥 2 + 9) = √𝑥 2 + 9𝑑𝑦 + 𝑥𝑦 /√𝑥 2 + 9 𝑑𝑥
𝑑 (𝑦√𝑥 2 + 9) = 0

∫ 𝑑 (𝑦√𝑥 2 + 9) = ∫ 0

𝑦√𝑥 2 + 9 = c

7) cos(𝑥) 𝑑𝑦/ 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 = 1

( 1/ cos𝑥 ) (cos(𝑥) 𝑑𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 = 1
𝑑𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 cos𝑥 = 1 cos𝑥
𝑑𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 +(𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 /cos𝑥 )𝑦 = 1/ cosx
𝑆𝑒𝑐(𝑢) = 1/cos(𝑢)
𝑇𝑎𝑛(𝑢) = 𝑆𝑒𝑛(𝑢)/ Cos(𝑢)
𝑑𝑦/ 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦tanx = 𝑠𝑒𝑐x
𝑃 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 𝑄 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐x
𝐹.𝐼. = 𝑒 ∫𝑃𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝐹.𝐼. = 𝑒 ∫ 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑥𝑑x
𝑢 = 𝑥 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥
𝐹.𝐼. = 𝑒 ∫ 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑢𝑑𝑢𝑑x
∫ 𝑇𝑎𝑛(𝑢)𝑑𝑢 = 𝐼𝑛|𝑆𝑒𝑐(𝑢)| + 𝐶
𝐹.𝐼. = 𝑒 𝐼𝑛|𝑆𝑒𝑐𝑥|𝑑𝑥
𝐹.𝐼. = 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥𝑑x
( 𝑑𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦tanx = 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥) (𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥𝑑𝑥)
𝑑𝑦(𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥𝑑𝑥) /𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦tanx(𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥𝑑𝑥) = 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥(𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥𝑑𝑥)
𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥𝑑𝑦 + 𝑦𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐2𝑥𝑑x
𝐷𝑥(𝑢) 𝑛 = 𝑛(𝑢) 𝑛−1𝑑𝑢
𝑎0=1
𝐷𝑥 [𝑆𝑒𝑐𝑢] = 𝑆𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑇𝑎𝑛𝑢𝐷𝑥𝑢
𝑢 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝑣=𝑦
𝑑𝑣 = 𝑑y
𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥𝑑𝑦 + 𝑦(𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑥)
𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥𝑑𝑦 + 𝑦𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥𝑑𝑦 + 𝑦𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥𝑑x
𝐷𝑥 (𝑢 ∙ 𝑣) = 𝑢𝑑𝑣 + 𝑣𝑑𝑢
𝑑(𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥 ∙ 𝑦) = 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥𝑑𝑦 + 𝑦𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝑑(𝑦𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥) = 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥𝑑𝑦 + 𝑦𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥𝑑x

(𝑦𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥) = 𝑠𝑒𝑐2𝑥𝑑x

∫ 𝑑(𝑦𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥) = ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐2𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝑦𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥 = ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐2𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝑢=𝑥
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥
𝑦𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥 = ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐2𝑢𝑑u
∫ 𝑆𝑒𝑐2 (𝑢)𝑑𝑢 = 𝑇𝑎𝑛(𝑢) + 𝐶
𝑦𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 + C
𝑦 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥 𝑦 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥 + 𝑐 𝑠𝑒𝑐x
𝑆𝑒𝑐(𝑢) = 1 /cos(𝑢)
𝑇𝑎𝑛(𝑢) = 𝑆𝑒𝑛(𝑢)/ Cos(𝑢)
𝑦 = 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)c

𝑦 = 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥 + (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥)c

Ejercicio 2.8 (Ecuaciones Diferenciales Reducibles a Lineales o de Bernoulli)

Resolver las siguientes ecuaciones diferenciales:

1) 𝑑𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑦 = 𝑥𝑦 2
𝑃=𝑥𝑄=x
𝑦 = 𝑣𝑒 − ∫𝑃𝑑𝑥
𝑦 = 𝑣𝑒 − ∫ 𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝑢 = 𝑥 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥
𝑦 = 𝑣𝑒 − ∫𝑢𝑑u
∫ 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = 𝑢 𝑛+1/ 𝑛 + 1 + 𝐶
𝑦 = 𝑣𝑒 − 1/ 2 𝑥 2
𝐷𝑥(𝑢) 𝑛 = 𝑛(𝑢) 𝑛−1𝑑𝑢
𝑎0=1
𝐷𝑥 (𝑢 ∙ 𝑣) = 𝑢𝑑𝑣 + 𝑣𝑑𝑢
𝐷𝑥 [𝑒 𝑢] = 𝑒 𝑢𝐷𝑥𝑢

𝑓=𝑒𝑤
𝑑𝑓 = 𝑒 𝑤𝐷𝑥𝑤 = 𝑒 − 1 /2 𝑥 2 (−𝑥𝑑𝑥) = −𝑥𝑒 − 1/ 2 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
𝑤 = − 1/ 2 𝑥 2
𝑑𝑤 = − 1 /2 (2𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = −𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝑢 = 𝑣 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑣 𝑣 = 𝑒 − 1 /2 𝑥 2
𝑑𝑣 = −𝑥𝑒 − 1/ 2 𝑥 2 𝑑x
𝑑𝑦 = 𝑣 (−𝑥𝑒 − 1/ 2 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥) + 𝑒 − 1 /2 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑣
𝑑𝑦 = −𝑣𝑥𝑒 − 1 /2 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑒 − 1/ 2 𝑥 2 𝑑v
𝑑𝑦 = 𝑒 − 1 /2 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑣 − 𝑣𝑥𝑒 − 1/ 2 𝑥 2 𝑑x
𝑑𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑦 = 𝑥𝑦 2
(𝑑𝑥) ( 𝑑𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥𝑦 = 𝑥𝑦 2
𝑑𝑦 + 𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥𝑦 2𝑑x
(𝑒 − 1 /2 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑣 − 𝑣𝑥𝑒 − 1 /2 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥) + 𝑥 (𝑣𝑒 − 1/2 𝑥 2 ) 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 (𝑣𝑒 − 1 /2 𝑥 2 ) 2 𝑑x
𝑒 − 1 /2 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑣 = 𝑣 2𝑥𝑒 −𝑥 2 𝑑x
[𝑒 − 1 /2 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑣 = 𝑣 2𝑥𝑒 −𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥] [ 1/ (𝑒 − 1 2 𝑥 2 ) (𝑣 2) ]
𝑒 − 1/ 2 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑣/(𝑒 − 1 2 𝑥 2 ) (𝑣 2) = 𝑣 2𝑥𝑒 −𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥/(𝑒 − 1 /2 𝑥 2 ) (𝑣 2)
𝑑𝑣 /𝑣 2 = 𝑥𝑒 −𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 /(𝑒 − 1 2 𝑥 2 )
𝑣 −2𝑑𝑣 = 𝑥𝑒 −𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 (𝑒 1 /2 𝑥 2 )
𝑣 −2𝑑𝑣 = 𝑥𝑒 − 1/ 2 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
∫ 𝑣 −2𝑑𝑣 = ∫ 𝑥𝑒 − 1 2 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
𝑢 = 𝑣 𝑤 = − 1/2 𝑥 2
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑣
𝑑𝑤 = −𝑥𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥 = − 𝑑𝑤 𝑥
∫ 𝑢 −2𝑑𝑢 = ∫ 𝑥𝑒 𝑤 (− 𝑑𝑤/ 𝑥 )
∫ 𝑢 −2𝑑𝑢 = − ∫ 𝑒 𝑤𝑑w
∫ 𝑢 𝑛𝑑𝑢 = 𝑢 𝑛+1/ 𝑛 + 1 + 𝐶
∫ 𝑒 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = 𝑒 𝑢 + 𝐶
𝑣 −1 /−1 = −𝑒 − 1 /2 𝑥 2 + 𝑐
− 1/ 𝑣 = −𝑒 − 1 /2 𝑥 2 + C
𝑆𝑖 𝑦 = 𝑣𝑒 − 1/ 2 𝑥 2
𝑣=𝑦𝑒−12𝑥2
𝑣 = 𝑦/𝑒 1 /2 𝑥 2
− 1/𝑦𝑒 1 2 𝑥 2 = −𝑒 − 1 /2 𝑥 2 + C
(−𝑦𝑒 1 /2 𝑥 2 )(− 1 /𝑦𝑒 1/ 2 𝑥 2 = −𝑒 − 1 /2 𝑥 2 + 𝑐)
(−𝑦𝑒 1 /2 𝑥 2 )/ 𝑦𝑒 1 /2 𝑥 2 = −𝑒 − 1/ 2 𝑥 2 (−𝑦𝑒 1 /2 𝑥 2 ) + 𝑐 (−𝑦𝑒 1/ 2 𝑥 2 )
1 = 𝑦 − 𝑐𝑦𝑒 1/2 𝑥 2
𝑦 + 𝑐𝑦𝑒 1 /2 𝑥 2 = 1
𝑦 (1 + 𝑐𝑒 1/ 2 𝑥 2 ) = 1

𝑦 (𝑐𝑒 1 /2 𝑥 2 + 1) =

2) 𝑑𝑥 + ( 2𝑥/ 𝑦 ) 𝑑𝑦 = 2𝑥 2𝑦 2𝑑y

( 1/𝑑𝑦) (𝑑𝑥 + ( 2𝑥 /𝑦 ) 𝑑𝑦 = 2𝑥 2𝑦 2𝑑𝑦)

𝑑𝑥/𝑑𝑦 + 2𝑥/ 𝑦 = 2𝑥 y2
𝑃 = 2 𝑦 𝑄 = 2𝑦 2
𝑥 = 𝑣𝑒 − ∫ 𝑃𝑑𝑦
𝑥 = 𝑣𝑒 − ∫ 2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
𝑢=𝑦
d𝑢 = 𝑑𝑦
𝑥 = 𝑣𝑒 −2 ∫ 𝑑𝑢/ 𝑢
∫ 𝑑𝑢/ 𝑢 = 𝐼𝑛|𝑢| + 𝐶
𝑥 = 𝑣𝑒 −2𝐼𝑛|𝑦|
𝑥 = 𝑣𝑦 −2
𝐷𝑥(𝑢) 𝑛 = 𝑛(𝑢) 𝑛−1𝑑𝑢
𝐷𝑥 (𝑢 ∙ 𝑣) = 𝑢𝑑𝑣 + 𝑣𝑑𝑢
𝑢 = 𝑣 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑣
𝑣 = 𝑦 −2 𝑑𝑣 = −2𝑦 −3𝑑y
𝑑𝑥 = 𝑣(−2𝑦 −3𝑑𝑦) + 𝑦 −2𝑑𝑣
𝑑𝑥 = −2𝑣𝑦 −3𝑑𝑦 + 𝑦 −2𝑑𝑣
𝑑𝑥 = 𝑦 −2𝑑𝑣 − 2𝑣𝑦 −3𝑑y
𝑑𝑥 + ( 2𝑥/ 𝑦 ) 𝑑𝑦 = 2𝑥 2𝑦 2𝑑y
(𝑦 −2𝑑𝑣 − 2𝑣𝑦 −3𝑑𝑦) + ( 2(𝑣𝑦 −2 ) 𝑦 ) 𝑑𝑦 = 2(𝑣𝑦 −2 ) 2𝑦 2𝑑𝑦
𝑦 −2𝑑𝑣 − 2𝑣𝑦 −3𝑑𝑦 + 2𝑣𝑦 −3𝑑𝑦 = 2(𝑣 2𝑦 −4 )𝑦 2𝑑𝑦
𝑦 −2𝑑𝑣 = 2𝑣 2𝑦 −2𝑑y
[𝑦 −2𝑑𝑣 = 2𝑣 2𝑦 −2𝑑𝑦][ 1 /(𝑦 −2)(𝑣 2) ]
𝑦 −2𝑑𝑣 /(𝑦 −2)(𝑣 2) = 2𝑣 2𝑦 −2𝑑𝑦/ (𝑦 −2)(𝑣 2)
∫𝑣 −2𝑑𝑣 = ∫ 2𝑑𝑦
∫ 𝑣 −2𝑑𝑣 = 2 ∫ 𝑑𝑦
𝑢=𝑣
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑣
∫ 𝑢 −2𝑑𝑢 = 2 ∫ 𝑑y
∫ 𝑑𝑦 = 𝑦 + 𝐶
∫ 𝑢 𝑛𝑑𝑢 = 𝑢 𝑛+1/ 𝑛 + 1 + 𝐶
𝑣 −1/−1 = 2𝑦 + 𝑐
(− 1/ 𝑣 )= 2𝑦 + C
𝑆𝑖 𝑥 = 𝑣𝑦 −2
𝑣 = 𝑥 𝑦 −2
𝑣 = 𝑥𝑦 2
− 1 /𝑥𝑦 2 = 2𝑦 + C
(−𝑥𝑦 2 ) (− 1/ 𝑥𝑦 2 = 2𝑦 + 𝑐)
− (−𝑥𝑦 2 )/𝑥𝑦 2 = 2𝑦(−𝑥𝑦 2 ) + 𝑐(−𝑥𝑦 2 )
1 = −2𝑥𝑦 3 − 𝑐𝑥𝑦 2 1 = −2𝑦 3𝑥 + 𝑐𝑥𝑦 2

1 + 2𝑦 3𝑥 = 𝑐𝑥𝑦 2

3) 𝑑𝑥 − 2𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑦 = 6𝑥 3𝑦 2𝑒 −2𝑦 2 𝑑y

( 1 /𝑑𝑦) (𝑑𝑥 − 2𝑥𝑦𝑑𝑦 = 6𝑥 3𝑦 2𝑒 −2𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦)

𝑃 = −2𝑦 𝑄 = 6𝑦 2𝑒 −2𝑦 2
𝑥 = 𝑣𝑒 − ∫ 𝑃𝑑𝑦
𝑥 = 𝑣𝑒 − ∫ −2𝑦𝑑𝑦
𝑥 = 𝑣𝑒 2 ∫ 𝑦𝑑𝑦
𝑢=𝑦
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑦
𝑥 = 𝑣𝑒 2 ∫ 𝑢𝑑u
∫ 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = 𝑢 𝑛+1 𝑛 + 1 + C
𝑥 = 𝑣𝑒 2( 1 /2 𝑦 2)
𝑥 = 𝑣𝑒 𝑦 2
𝐷𝑥(𝑢) 𝑛 = 𝑛(𝑢) 𝑛−1𝑑𝑢
𝐷𝑥 (𝑢 ∙ 𝑣) = 𝑢𝑑𝑣 + 𝑣𝑑u
𝑓=𝑒𝑤
𝑑𝑓 = 𝑒 𝑤𝐷𝑥𝑤 = 𝑒 𝑦 2 (2𝑦𝑑𝑦) = 2𝑦𝑒 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦
𝑤=𝑦2
𝑑𝑤 = 2𝑦𝑑y
𝑢=𝑣
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑣
𝑣=𝑒𝑦2
𝑑𝑣 = 2𝑦𝑒 𝑦 2 𝑑y
𝑑𝑥 = 𝑣(2𝑦𝑒 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦) + 𝑒 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑣
𝑑𝑥 = 2𝑣𝑦𝑒 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑒 𝑦 2 𝑑v
(2𝑣𝑦𝑒 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑒 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑣) − 2(𝑣𝑒 𝑦 2 )𝑦𝑑𝑦 = 6(𝑣𝑒 𝑦 2 ) 3 𝑦 2 𝑒 −2𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦
2𝑣𝑦𝑒 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑒 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑣 − 2𝑣𝑦𝑒 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦 = 6(𝑣 3𝑒 3𝑦 2 )𝑦 2𝑒 −2𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦
𝑒 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑣 = 6𝑣 3𝑦 2𝑒 𝑦 2 𝑑y
[𝑒 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑣 = 6𝑣 3𝑦 2𝑒 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦][ 1 /(𝑒 𝑦2 )(𝑣 3) ]
𝑒 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑣/ (𝑒 𝑦2 )(𝑣 3) = 6𝑣 3𝑦 2𝑒 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦 /(𝑒 𝑦2 )(𝑣 3)
𝑑𝑣 𝑣 3 = 6𝑦 2𝑑𝑦
𝑣 −3𝑑𝑣 = 6𝑦 2𝑑y
∫ 𝑣 −3𝑑𝑣 = ∫ 6𝑦 2𝑑𝑦
∫ 𝑣 −3𝑑𝑣 = 6 ∫ 𝑦 2𝑑𝑦
𝑢=𝑣
𝑤=𝑦
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑣
𝑑𝑤 = 𝑑𝑦 ∫ 𝑢 −3𝑑𝑢 = 6 ∫ 𝑤 2𝑑𝑤
∫ 𝑢 𝑛𝑑𝑢 = 𝑢 𝑛+1/ 𝑛 + 1 + C
𝑣 −2 −2 = 6 ( 1 3 𝑦 3) + C
− 1/ 2𝑣 2 = 2𝑦 3 + C
𝑆𝑖 𝑥 = 𝑣𝑒 𝑦 2
𝑣 = 𝑥 𝑒 𝑦2
𝑣 = 𝑥𝑒 −𝑦 2
− 1/2(𝑥𝑒 −𝑦2 ) 2 = 2𝑦 3 + C
1 /2𝑥 2𝑒 −2𝑦2 = 2𝑦 3 + C
𝑒 2𝑦 2/ 2𝑥 2 = 2𝑦 3 + C
(−2𝑥 2 ) (− 𝑒 2𝑦 2 /2𝑥 2 = 2𝑦 3 + 𝑐)
− 𝑒 2𝑦 2 (−2𝑥 2 )/ 2𝑥 2 = 2𝑦 3 (−2𝑥 2 ) + 𝑐(−2𝑥 2 )
𝑒 2𝑦 2 = −4𝑦 3𝑥 2 − 2𝑐𝑥 2
2𝑦 2 = −4𝑦 3𝑥 2 + 𝑐𝑥 2
𝑒 2𝑦 2 = 𝑐𝑥 2 − 4𝑦 3𝑥 2

𝑒 2𝑦 2 = (𝑐 − 4𝑦 3 )𝑥 2

4) (12𝑒 2𝑥𝑦 2 − 𝑦)𝑑𝑥 = 𝑑𝑦 𝑦 = 1 𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑥 = 0

( 1 /𝑑𝑥) ((12𝑒 2𝑥𝑦 2 − 𝑦)𝑑𝑥 = 𝑑𝑦)
12𝑒 2𝑥𝑦 2 − 𝑦 = 𝑑𝑦 /𝑑x
12𝑒 2𝑥𝑦 2 = 𝑑𝑦/ 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦
𝑑𝑦 /𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦 = 12𝑒 2𝑥𝑦 2
𝑃 = 1 𝑄 = 12𝑒 2x
𝑦 = 𝑣𝑒 − ∫𝑃𝑑𝑥
y= 𝑣𝑒 − ∫ 1𝑑𝑥
𝑦 = 𝑣𝑒 − ∫ 𝑑x
∫ 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 + 𝐶
y = 𝑣𝑒 −𝑥
𝐷𝑥(𝑢) 𝑛 = 𝑛(𝑢) 𝑛−1𝑑𝑢
𝐷𝑥 (𝑢 ∙ 𝑣) = 𝑢𝑑𝑣 + 𝑣𝑑𝑢
𝐷𝑥 [𝑒 𝑢] = 𝑒 𝑢𝐷𝑥u
𝑎0=1
𝑢=𝑣
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑣
𝑣 = 𝑒 −𝑥 𝑑𝑣 = −𝑒 −𝑥𝑑x
𝑑𝑦 = 𝑣(−𝑒 −𝑥𝑑𝑥) + 𝑒 −𝑥𝑑𝑣
𝑑𝑦 = −𝑣𝑒 −𝑥𝑑𝑥 + 𝑒 −𝑥𝑑v
𝑑𝑦 = 𝑒 −𝑥𝑑𝑣 − 𝑣𝑒 −𝑥 𝑑x
(12𝑒 2𝑥𝑦 2 − 𝑦)𝑑𝑥 = 𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑦 = (12𝑒 2𝑥𝑦 2 − 𝑦)𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 = 12𝑒 2𝑥𝑦 2𝑑𝑥 − 𝑦𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 + 𝑦𝑑𝑥 = 12𝑒 2𝑥𝑦 2𝑑x
(𝑒 −𝑥𝑑𝑣 − 𝑣𝑒 −𝑥𝑑𝑥) + 𝑣𝑒 −𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 12𝑒 2𝑥 (𝑣𝑒 −𝑥 ) 2𝑑𝑥
𝑒 −𝑥𝑑𝑣 − 𝑣𝑒 −𝑥𝑑𝑥 + 𝑣𝑒 −𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 12𝑒 2𝑥 (𝑣 2𝑒 −2𝑥 )𝑑𝑥
𝑒 −𝑥𝑑𝑣 = 12𝑣 2𝑑𝑥
[𝑒 −𝑥𝑑𝑣 = 12𝑣 2𝑑𝑥][ 1/ (𝑒 −𝑥)(𝑣 2) ]
𝑒 −𝑥𝑑𝑣/(𝑒 −𝑥)(𝑣 2) = 12𝑣 2𝑑𝑥/(𝑒 −𝑥)(𝑣 2)
𝑑𝑣 𝑣 2 = 12𝑑𝑥 /𝑒 −𝑥
𝑣 −2𝑑𝑣 = 12𝑒𝑥 𝑑x
∫ 𝑣 −2𝑑𝑣 = ∫ 12𝑒 𝑥𝑑𝑥
∫ 𝑣 −2𝑑𝑣 = 12 ∫ 𝑒𝑥 𝑑x
𝑢=𝑣𝑤=𝑥
𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑣
𝑑𝑤 = 𝑑x
∫ 𝑢 −2𝑑𝑢 = 12 ∫ 𝑒 𝑤𝑑w
∫ 𝑢 𝑛𝑑𝑢 = 𝑢 𝑛+1/ 𝑛 + 1 + 𝐶
∫ 𝑒 𝑢𝑑𝑢 = 𝑒 𝑢 + 𝐶
𝑣 −1/ −1 = 12𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑐
− 1/ 𝑣 = 12𝑒 𝑥 + C
𝑆𝑖 𝑦 = 𝑣𝑒 −𝑥
𝑣 = 𝑦/ 𝑒 −𝑥
𝑣 = 𝑦𝑒x

− 1/ 𝑦𝑒 𝑥 = 12𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑐
−𝑦 −1𝑒 −𝑥 = 12𝑒 𝑥 + C
(−1)(−𝑦 −1𝑒 −𝑥 = 12𝑒 𝑥 + 𝑐)
𝑦 −1𝑒 −𝑥 = −12𝑒 𝑥 − 𝑐
𝑦 −1𝑒 −𝑥 = −12𝑒 𝑥 + C

𝑦 −1𝑒 −𝑥 = 𝑐 − 12𝑒x