UNIVERSIDAD TECNOLOGICA DE SANTANDER

ASIGNATURA:
Calculo Diferencial

PRESENTA:
José Jesús García Rojas

DOCENTE:
Juan Fernando Rueda Ariza

Bucaramanga. Santander Octubre, 21 de 2020

 CALCULO DIFERENCIAL: SEGUNDO CORTE

Limites numéricos:

x 2+ 2 x 2+ 2 9+2 11
▪ lim lim = = =¿IND
x →3 x−3 x →3 x−3 3−3 0
X 2 2,5 2,9 2,99 3 3,01 3,1 3,5 4
F(x) -6 -16,5 -104,1 -1094 ∌ 1106 116,1 28,5 18

x 2+ 2
lim =Noexiste
x →3 x−3

x+ 2 x+ 2 5+ 2 7 x+ 2
▪ lim lim = = =1,4 lim =1,4
x 2 20 x 20 25−20 5
2
x →5 x →5 x →5 x 2 20

2− x ²
▪ lim
x→ 4 x−4
2− x ² 2−4² −14
lim = = =¿ IND
x→ 4 x−4 4−4 0
X 3 3,5 3,9 3,99 4 4,01 4,1 4,5 5
F(X) 7 3 132,1 1392 ∌ -1408 -148,1 -36,5 -23

2− x ²
lim =No exixte
x→ 4 x−4

Limites factorización:
 x 2+ 2 x−24
▪ lim
x→ 4 2 x 2−10 x +8

x 2+ 2 x−24 4 2 +2 ( 4 )−24 0
lim 2
= 2
= =¿ IND
x→ 4 2 x −10 x +8 2 ( 4 ) −10 ( 4 ) +8 0

( X −4 )( X+ 6 ) X+ 6 X +6 4 +6 5
lim = lim = = =1,6
X→ 4 2 ( X−1 )( X −4 ) 2 ( X −1 ) X→ 4 2 ( X−1 ) 2 ( 4−1 ) 3

x 2+ 2 x−24
lim =1,6
x→ 4 2 x 2−10 x +8

x2 −4
▪ lim
x →2 x 2+ x−6

x2 −4 22−4 0
lim 2
= 2
= =¿ IND
x →2 x + x−6 2 + 2−6 0

lim ( X −2 ) ( X +2 ) lim ( X + 2 )
x→ 2 x→ 2 ( 2+2 ) 4
= = =0,8
( X+ 3 ) ( X−2 ) ( X+ 3 ) ( 2+3 ) 5

x2 −4
lim 2 =0,8
x →2 x + x−6

Limites conjugada:

▪ lim
√ x+ 11−4
x →5 x−5
 lim √ x+ 11−4 = √ 5+11−4 = √ 5−11−4 =¿ IND
x →5 x−5 5−5 0

( √ x+ 11−4 ) ( √ x+ 11+4 )
lim .
x →5 x−5 ( √ x+ 11+4 )
2 2
( √ x+ 11 ) −( 4 ) x+11−16 x−5
lim = =
x →5 ( x−5 ) ( √ x+ 11+4 ) ( x −5 ) ( √ x +11+ 4 ) ( x−5 ) ( √ x+11+ 4 )
1 1 1
lim = =
x →5 √ x+ 11+4 √5+11+4 8

lim √ x+ 11−4 = 1 =0,12

x →5 x−5 8

▪ lim ⁡
√ x−2
x →4 x 2−16

lim √ x −2 = √ 4−2 = 0 =¿
2 2 IND
0
x→ 4 x −16 ( 4 ) −16

2
√ x −2 √ x+2 ( √ x ) −( 2 )2 x−4
lim 2 . → lim 2 → lim 2
x→ 4 x −16 √ x+2 x→ 4 ( x −16 ) ( √ x +2 ) x → 4 ( x −16 ) ( √ x +2 )

x−4
lim ¿
x→ 4 ¿¿

lim ⁡ √ x−2 = 1
x →4 x 2−16 32

Limites división sintética

x 3 +2 x 2−x−2
▪ lim
x→−2 x 3 +2 x2 −9 x−18
 x 3 +2 x 2−x−2 −23+ 2 (−2 )2 −(−2 )−2 0
lim 3 2
= 2
= =¿ IND
x→−2 x +2 x −9 x−18 −2 + 2 (−2 ) −9 (−2 )−18 0
3

x 3 +2 x 2−x−2
lim →
x→−2 x 3 +2 x2 −9 x−18

( x +1 ) ( x 2+ x−2 ) ( x +1 ) ( x+2 ) ( x−1 ) lim ( x +1 )( x−1 )

lim lim ( x +1 ) ( x−1 ) x→−2
( x +2 ) ( x2 −9 ) lim = =¿
x→−2 ( x +2 ) ( x 2−9 ) x→−2
x→−2 x 2−9 ( x−3 ) ( x+ 3 )
(−2+ 1)(−2−1) −3
=
(−2−3)(−2+3) 5

x 3 +2 x 2−x−2 −3
lim 3 2
=
x→−2 x +2 x −9 x−18 5

x 2−4
▪ lim
x →2 x 3−x 2−4 x+ 4

x 2−4 22−4 0
lim 3 2
= 3 2
= =¿ IND
x →2 x −x −4 x+ 4 2 −2 −4 (2 )+ 4 0

2
x −4
lim →
x −x 2−4 x+ 4
3
x →2

X 2−4 ( X+ 2)( X−2) ( X + 2)

lim 2
→ lim 2
→ lim 2
X → 2 ( X −2)( X + X −2) X → 2 ( X −2)( X + X−2) X → 2 (X + X −2)

( X+ 2) 1 1 1
lim → lim = = =1
X → 2 ( X +2)( X −1) X →2 X−1 2−1 1

x 2−4
lim =1
x →2 x 3−x 2−4 x+ 4
Limites trigonométricos

senx cosx
▪ lim
x →0 sec 2 x

senx cosx sen 0 cos 0 0

lim = =
x →0 sec 2 x sec 2(0) 0
sen 2 x
senx cosx 2 sen 2 x sen 2 x
lim =lim =lim =lim =¿ ¿
x →0 sec 2 x x→ 0 sec 2 x x→ 0 2 sec 2 x x →0 1
2
cos 2 x
sen 2 x sen 2 x cos 2 x sen 0 cos 0 0
lim =lim = = =0
x →0 2 x→ 0 2 2 2
cos 2 x
senx cosx
lim =0
x →0 sec 2 x

senx−cosx
▪ limπ cos 2 x
x→
4

π π
sen −cos
senx−cosx 4 4 0
lim = = =¿ IND
π cos 2 x π 0
x→
4 cos 2
4 ()
senx−cosx senx−cosx −(cosx −senx )
lim =lim 2
=lim
x→
π cos 2 x x → cos x −senx ²
π
x→
π (cosx−senx )(cosx + senx)
4 4 4

−1 −1 −1
lim = lim = =¿ ¿
π cosx+ senx x→ π cosx +senx π π
x→
4 4 cos + sen
4 4

1 −1 −√2
¿− = =
√2 + √2 √2 2
2 2
 senx−cosx − √ 2
lim =
x→
π cos 2 x 2
4

Limites cambio de variable

1−2 cosx
lim
▪ π π −3 x
x→
3

lim
1−2 cosx
1−2cos ⁡ ( π3 ) = 0 =¿
0 IND
=
π π −3 x π
x→
3 π −3 ( )
3

π π π
lim
(
1−2cos y +
3 ) =lim
1−2 cosy . cos −seny . sen
3 3
=¿ ¿
y=0 π y=0 3π
π −3 ( y+ ) π −3 y−
3 3
1 √3
1−2 ( cosy . −seny . )
2 2 1−cosy +seny . √ 3
lim =lim =¿ ¿
y=0 −3 y y=0 −3 y
1−cosy seny . √ 3 0 √3 − 3
lim + =lim + =lim √
y=0 −3 y −3 y y=0 −3 −3 y=0 3
1−2 cosx − √ 3
lim =
x→
π π −3 x 3
3
 sen 6 x
lim
▪ x→ 2
π 3 co s x−sen ² x
3

sen 6 x 0
lim = =¿
3 co s x−sen ² x 0 IND
2
π
x→
3

π
lim
( 3)
sen 6 y +
=lim
sen ( 6+2 π )
=¿ ¿
π 2 2
y=0
π ( 2 y+ ) y=0 π π
3 co s ( y+ )−se n
2
3
3
( ( )) ( ( ))
3 cos y +
3
− sen y+
3
sen 6 y
lim =¿
π 2 2
y=0 π π π
(
3 cosy . cos −seny . sen
3 3 ) (
− seny . cos +sen . cosy
3 3 )
sen 6 y
lim 2 2
=¿
y=0 1 √ 3 1 √ 3
(
3 cosy−
2 2 ) (
seny − seny + cosy
2 2 )
sen 6 y
lim =¿
y=0 1 √ 3 3 1 √ 3 3
( 2 2 2
)(
3 co s y − seny . cosy + se n y − se n y + seny . cosy+ cos ² y ¿
4 2 4 4 2 4 )
sen 6 y
lim =¿
y=0 3 2 3 √3 9 2 1 2 √ 3 3
co s y− seny . cosy + se n y− se n y− seny . cosy− cos ² y
4 2 4 4 2 4
sen 6 y sen 6 y
lim 2
=lim =¿
y=0 2 se n y−2 √ 3 seny . cosy y=0 seny ( 2 seny−2 √ 3 cosy )

sen 6 y 1 6 1 6 1 −3
lim . lim = . = . =
y=0 seny y=0 2 seny −2 √ 3 cosy 1 2 sen 0−2 √3 cos 0 1 −2 √ 3 √3
sen 6 x −3
lim 2
=
x→
π 3 co s x−sen ² x √ 3
3

Limites infinitos

3 x 3 +2 x 2−3 x+5
▪ lim
x→ ∞ x3 −x2 +2 x+ 2

3 x 3 +2 x 2−3 x+5 ∞
lim = =¿ IND
x→ ∞ x3 −x2 +2 x+ 2 ∞
 3 x³ 2x ² 3 x 5 2 3 5
+ − 3+ 3 3+ − 2 +
3
3 x +2 x −3 x+5 2
x³ x³ x x x x x³
lim = lim =lim =¿ ¿
x3 −x2 +2 x+ 2 2
x→ ∞ x →∞ x³ x 2x 2 x→∞ 1 2 2
− + + 1− + 2 +
x ³ x3 x3 x ³ x x x³

2 3 5
3+ − +
∞ ∞ ² ∞³ 3
= =3
1 2 2 1
1− + 2 + 3
∞ ∞ ∞

3 x 3 +2 x 2−3 x+5
lim =3
x→ ∞ x3 −x2 +2 x+ 2

5 x 2 +3 x+ 2
▪ lim 2
x→ ∞ (5 x +2 x)²

5 x 2 +3 x+ 2 ∞
lim = =¿ IND
x→ ∞ (5 x 2 +2 x) ² ∞
5 x² 3 x 2 5 3 2
+ + + +
2
5 x +3 x+ 2 x ⁴ x ⁴ x4 x ² x3 x4
lim = lim =lim =¿
x→ ∞ (5 x 2 +2 x) ² X → ∞ (5 x2 +2 x)² 2
x→ ∞ 5 x +2 x
2

x⁴ x2 ( )
5 3 2 5 3 2 5 3 2
+ + + + + +
x ² x3 x4 x ² x ³ x4 ∞ ² ∞ ³ ∞4 0 0
lim 2
=lim 2
= 2
= 2
= =0
( 5 ) 25
x→ ∞
( 5xx²² + 2xx² ) x→ ∞
( 5+ 2x ) (5+ ∞2 )
5 x 2 +3 x+ 2
lim 2
=0
x→ ∞ (5 x +2 x) ²

√ x 16 + x 7−2
▪ lim 2
x→ ∞ ( 5+ x 4 + x 2−2 )

lim √ x 16 + x 7−2 =
∞
=¿
x→ ∞ 4
( 5+ x + x −2 ) 2 2
∞ IND
 √ x 16+ x 7−2
x16 x 7 2

lim
16

4
7
√ x + x −2 =lim
2
x→ ∞ ( 5+ x + x −2 )
2 4
x 8

2
x→ ∞ ( 5+ x + x −2 )
=lim
x16
+ 16 − 16
4
x
2
x → ∞ 5+ x + x −2
x
2
=¿
√
x4 x4 ( )
1 2 1 2 1 2
lim
x→ ∞ 4
5 x x
x √
11

2
1+
− 16
x
2
2
= lim
x →∞ 5
1+ 11 − 16
x x
1 2 2
=
5
∞
1
√
1+ 11 − 16
∞
2 2
=¿ √
(
+ + −
x4 x4 x4 x4 x4 )
+1+ 2 − 4
x x ∞4 (
+1+ 2 − 4
∞ ∞ ) ( )
¿ √1 = 1 =1
(1)² 1

lim √ x 16 + x 7−2 =1
2
x→ ∞ ( 5+ x 4 + x 2−2 )

Derivadas

2 √ x + √3 x
▪ y=
√2 x
1 1
3 3 2 3 −1
2 √ x +√ x 2 √x √ x 2x x 6
y= 2 y= 2 + 2 y= 1 + 1 y=2+ x
√x √x √ x x2 x 3
−7 −7
−1 1
y ' =0+ ( −1
6
x 6
) y'=
−1
6
x 6
y'=
6
. 7
x6
y'=
−1 '
6 7
6 √x
y=
−1
6 x √6 x

▪ y=x ² tan √ x
1
y=x 2 tan √ x y ' =2 x . tan √ x+ x2 . se c 2 √ x .
2√x
2
sen √ x 2 1 1 ' 2 x sen √ x x2
y ' =2 x
cos √ x
+x .
cos √ x 2 √ x (
y=
cos √ x
+ )
2 √ x co s 2 √ x
2 x sen √ x x √x 4 x . cos √ x sen √ x + x √ x
y'= + 2
y'=
cos √ x 2 co s √ x 2 co s 2 √ x
 2 sen 2 √ x . x + x √ x
y'=
2 co s 2 √ x

Derivadas: regla de la cadena

6
▪ y=( x3 +3 x 2−2 )
6 5 5
y=( x3 +3 x 2−2 ) y '=6 ( x3 +3 x 2−2 ) . ( 3 x 2 +6 x ) y '= ( 10 x 2 +36 x )( x3 +3 x 2−52 )

3
5 x −2 x ²
▪ y= ( 2 x3 −1 )
3 2 3 2 2
5 x −2 x 2 5 x −2 x 2 ( 5−4 x ) ( 2 x −1 ) −( 5 x−2 x ) ( 6 x )
y= ( 3
2 x −1 ) y ' =3 ( 3
2 x −1 ).
( 2 x3 −1 )
2

2
( 5 x −2 x 2 ) ( 10 x 3−3−8 x 4 + 4 x−30 x3 +12 x 4 )
y ' =3 2
. 2
( 2 x3 −1 ) ( 2 x3 −1 )
2 2
' (−20 x3 + 4 x 4 + 4 x−3 ) ( 5 x−2 x 2 ) ' −60 x3 +12 x 4 +12 x−9 ( 5 x−2 x )
2
y =3 2
. 2
y= 2
. 2
( 2 x 3−1 ) ( 2 x 3−1 ) ( 2 x 3−1 ) ( 2 x3 −1 )
' −60 x3 +12 x 4 +12 x−9(5 x−2 x 2)²
y= 4
( 2 x 3 −1 )

Derivadas: orden superior

10
▪ y= 5
→ y ' '' =?
x
 10 0 . x 5−10 . 5 x 4 ' −50 x 4 ' −50
y= y'= 2
y = 10 y = 6
x5 ( x5 ) x x
'' 0. x 6−(−50 ) . 6 x 5 '' 50 . 6 x 5 ' ' 300 x 5 ' ' 300
y = y = y = 12 y = 7
(x 6 )2 x 12 x x

0 . x7 −300 .7 x 6 ' ' ' −300 . 7 x6 '' ' 2100 x 6 ' ' ' 2100
y' ''= 7 2
y = 14
y = 14
y = 8
(x ) x x x
10 2100
y= 5
→ y' ''= 8
x x

▪ y=20 e−2 x → y '' =?

−200 x 4
y'=
5 5 5 5
−2 x ' −2 x −2 x 4 ' −2 x 4
y=20 e y =0 . e +20 . e .−10 x y =20 . e .−10 x 5

e2 x
5 5 5 5

'' −800 x 3 . e2 x +200 x 4 . e2 x . 10 x 4 '' −800 x 3 . e 2 x +2000 x 4 .e 2 x

y = 5 2
y = 5 2
(e2 x ) (e2 x )
5

'' e2 x (−800 x 3+ 2000 x 4 ) −800 x 3 +2000 x 4

y = 5 y' '= 5

(e 2 x )2 e2 x

−2 x
5
−800 x 3+ 2000 x 4
''
y=20 e →y = 5

e2 x