“Métodos para la estimación de

sedimentos”
 Europakarte

A N D
R A
JU T L
LA
F
PS
AL
Densidad de la Populacion Suiza
• populacion densa
• Uso del suelo: conflicto entre la natura y la actividad humana
 Hace pocos anos: elaboracion de mapas de riesgo

estimacion del arrastre de fondo=

una herramienta importante para la elaboracion de mapas de riesgo y la
planificacion del ordenamiento territorial tanto como para la planificacion y
construccion de medidas de proteccion

2 metodos para la estimation del aporte de sedimentos en cuencas alpinas

Como determinar
el aporte de los
sedimentos?
Estimación del Transporte de Sedimentos a través de
Depósitos
Estimation of sediment transport by sediment retention
reservoirs
…por una red de“medicion“…
Por la calculacion a travez de formulas…

?
Dos metodologias para
la estimacion ….
Metodologia
„Lehmann“ „Gertsch“

project PH D Thesis 1993 PH D Thesis 2009

development 80 torrents, 1987-1992 58 events , 1987-2005

Estimated Sediment transport Debris flows

Process

Estimated bed Bed load balances Bed load balances

load Total Bed load charge Total Bed load charge

Return period Return period

100 years >100 years
Metodologia „Lehmann“
A Handbook with description of the method is available…
 Erosion + Transport

Accumulation ?
Sediment yield? Scenarios?

Retention Basin planned

 Preparations

Procedure to assess Collect data

sediment yield in Study and interpret data

mountain streams First evaluation of mountain stream

Collection and processing of

discharge information

Field Work
Check results of prepartion work against

Procedimiento de la field conditions

Assign mountain stream to a category:

Estimación del Aporte - no debris flow stream

- debris flow stream with deposits
- debris flow stream without deposits

de Sedimentos en Record parameters applicable to

category

Torrentes
Analysis

Calculation of sediment yield at the cone

for the corresponding category

Plausibility check and sensitivity

analysis
Assessment in the field…
 Deslizamiento Flujo de Lodo

Transporte en
Barranca
Fuente
de erosion?

Cual de los
Falla
procesos es
de la Escarpa
Transporte relevante ?
en el Rió

Alta relevancia Relevancia probable Relevancia posible

Calculo con formula…

gross

Transportkapazität
Bannwald

klein
Pendiente…
 ?

? Dimensiones?
Aporte lateral:
• Deslizamientos
 espesor

longuitud
Ejemplos para la estimacion de los volumenes…
Propuestas para cada tipo de fuente

de sedimentos …
 Assessment of sediment yield in
mountain streams
Estimación del Aporte de Sedimentos en Torrentes
Procedure:
Determination of sediment balance for each
channel section

Procedimiento:
Determinación de la Erosión y de la
Acumulación para cada sección del Torrente

Level of operation:
– Handbook
– Theory book
– Computer program for calculation

Herramientas para el Procedimiento:

– Manual
– Libro Especializado
– Programa de Computación

...por tramos...
Estimation of sediment transport in small mountain streams
Resultado de la Estimación del Transporte de
Sedimentos en el Torrente “Guppenruns”

Sediment transport during a 100-year flood in the Guppenruns

Volume

Transport capacity
Cross section Nr. Sediment yield
Sediment potential
Deposits
 Scenarios with a short and long rainfall input with
a river bed widening
Q = 83 m3/s Q = 57 m3/s
25000 940

Sefinenlütschi
Sefinenlütschin
920

20000 900

Mdg.
Mdg. Trümmelbach
Trümmelbach change of bed level
Bornige
Bornige Brücke
Brücke 880
Feststofffracht (m3)

15000 860

840

10000 820
Mattebach
Mattebach

untere
untere --- obere
obere 800

Lange Ganglinie Stechelbergbrücke

Stechelbergbrücke

5000 780

760

0 740
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
32
34
36
38
40
42
44

48
50
52
7256
7456
7656
7856
7996
8156
8356
8556
8756
8956 / 2
4
6
8

45a
46a
Nr. der Querprofile
Metodologia „Gertsch“
 Digital data, and field data
Composition of data

Delineation of channel parts and

adjoining slope parts
Possible with GIS

Extraction of input parameters

Scenario definition qualitative, descriptive

Assessment of hillslope processes

Assessment of channel processes
Bed load balances in all channel parts in
dependance from scenario
With the aid of developped
assessment matrixes for
hillslopes and channel
automated programme

Total bed load at fan apex

Combined impact of all influence factors
 Combined impact of all
influence factors is
essential for bed load
mobilisation
 Every channel part is
influenced by a unique and
individual combination of
influence-factors
 Combined impact =
complex

 During the combined impact, the different influence-factors can:

 cumulate each other


 compete against each other

 eleminate each other
I
 Influence-factor do not have the same weight in each situation
Influence factors – system element-level
 Understanding system element
studying channel part
 „local disposition“

Channel part to be assessed

perspective
Local disposition

 Bed load supply

Edisriederbach, Sachseln Leimbach, Frutigen Milibach, Meiringen

rock limited unlimited

Local disposition
 Channel gradient

Torrent de Saxé, Fully Rio de Tennasses, Château-d‘Oex

steep
erosion flat
deposition

Influence factors – interaction-level
 Interaction between system elements

studying channel parts upstream
 „conditions upstream“

Channel part to be assessed

perspective
Local disposition

 Runoff supply / catchment area above

Les Creusats, Orsières
Influence factors – flip-over-level
 flip-over-effects in the system

looking for critical constallations or processes
 „negative factors“

 special conditions or
processes
 release of extreme debris
flows
 extreme erosion rates
from release point untill
fan apex

flip-over-effect
 erosion rates
> 30 m3/m
Channel part to be assessed

perspective
Release of debris flows in bastion-moraines Rotlauibach, Guttannen (Foto: Flotron AG)
Confluence of several channels at the same location
Rotlauibach, Guttannen (Foto: Flotron AG)
Assessment criteria Decision-making support Assessment and quantification

Local disposition
Assessment line

Transport process

Quantification

Repressing and
increasing factors for
erosion

influence-factor-
combination
4m3/m * 400m = 1‘600m3
40m3/m * 200m = 8‘000m3
0m3/m * 800m = 0m3

90m3/m * 130m = 11‘700m3

Total = 21‘000 m3

Simulacion
Evento 2004
(oleaje)
4m3/m * 400m = 1‘600m3
10m3/m * 200m = 2‘000m3
0m3/m * 800m = 0m3

17m3/m * 130m = 2‘210m3

Total = 6‘000 m3

Scenario
Flujo de
escombros
2m3/m * 400m = 800m3
2m3/m * 200m = 400m3
0m3/m * 800m = 0m3

4m3/m * 130m = 520m3

Total = 1‘720 m3

Scenario
Bed load
transport
without release
of debris flow
Comparacion final
Methode Lehmann Methode Gertsch

Estimated Sediment transport Debris flows

Process

Estimated bed Bed load balances Bed load balances

load Total Bed load charge Total Bed load charge
Return period
Return period Return period
100 years >100 years
Necessary
time for
3 days 2 days
application for
a unit of
5km2-
catchment
Scale < 50 km2 < 10 km2
Channel
> 2%
gradient > 10%
Gracias por su atencion!!!!!