Documentos de Académico
Documentos de Profesional
Documentos de Cultura
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10 Kg/h
96%
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Humedad =30%
100-30%=70%
fracción sólida
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pH
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Los modelos matemáticos estáticos incluidos en software MCT han sido validados con
datos industriales y han servido de apoyo a Molycop S.A. para evaluar el comportamiento
bolas utilizadas en Molinos Convencionales y SAG.
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Ballbal_Direct (Balance de masa alrededor del Circuito Molienda con Molino Bolas)
Este simulador permite determinar:
Condiciones de Operación y Distribuciones Granulométricas para Alimentación,
Underflow y Overflow.
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Theoretical Framework:
Whenever actual grinding data are collected in a plant environment, they will invariability be affected by natural experimental and measurement errors, in
such a way that the basic mass balance equation around the hydrocyclones, for particles of size di:
fiCF CF = fiUU + fi O O ] ? ? ? . for i = 1,n
Will never be satisfied. In the above expression CF, U and O represent the mass flowrate of solids in the syclones feed, underflow and overflow streams,
respectively. Similary. fiCF , fiU and fiO represent the fraction of those total respective streams corresponding to particles of size di.
Φ = [wCF (fiCF - fjCF)2 + W U (fiU - FjU)2 + W O(fiO – fjO)2], for every particle size d,
Are minimized and the adjusted values so generated strictly satisfy the mass balance restrictions:
Where wCF . wO are user defined weighting factors included to represent the relative quality and reliability of the samples from each of the 3 streams and
the mass flowrates CF, U and O are calculated as:
CF = F (1+CL)
U = F (CL)
O =F
Where F is the dry Fresh Feedrate of solids to the grinding section and the Circulating Load (CL) is estimated by:
CL = { u sd Σ [(fiO - fiCF) / (fi CF - fiU)] + ufs (1/fsO – 1/fsCF) / (1/fsU)} / (usd + ufs)
Where fsCF . fsU and fsO are the wight fractions of total solids in the cyclones feed, underflow and overflow streams, respectively, and also usd are user
defined wighting factors included to represent the relative quality and reliability of the size distribution measurements vs. the percent solids
measurements in all 3 streams. In general, a high relative value of a weighting factor is indicative of a more reliable measurements pasticipating in the
same equations. A statically sound weighting factor may be calculated as 100/(% error)2 .
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Theoretical Framework:
The reference SAG mill model is described with further details in the About... worksheets of the SAGSim_Open or SAGSim:Recycle
files.
On the basis of Pilot or Industrial Scale Data, like those typically obtained from plant sampling or audit campaigns, the
SAGParam_Open rountine allows for the calculation of all the Model Parameters (α/s, β/s and d crit /s) that minimize the least-squares
Objetive Function:
n
L L L 2
Φ = Σ { w i [{fi - f )/f i)2 + u [(f i - f i ) /f i ] }
i=5
Where the f i ´s represent the experimental size distribution of the mill product (as% retained on screen “i”) and the f i ´s represent the
model response for each corresponding f i for a given set of model parameters. Similarly, the fi L´ s represent the experimental size
distribution of the mill internal load and the fi L´s represenr the corresponding model response. The Model Parameters (α/ s, β/ s and
d crit /s) that yield the minimun possible value of Φ are so considered to be representative of the particular ore under analysis.
Also un Equation 3, the w ´s and u ´s represent user defined Weighting Factors - for the mill product and mill internal load, respectively
- that quantify the ralative quality and refiabiulity of each particular mesh value with respect to the other screens data. Relatively high
values of such weighting factors indicate more reliable measurements. At the extreme, a weighting factor equal to zero means that this
particular measurement is not being included in the Objetive Function.
The minimization problem stated above may be readily solved with the aid of the Excel Subroutine Solver.
Most of the data required by the algorithm must be defined in each corresponding unprotected white background cell - inside the red
double - lined border - of the here attached Data_File worksheet. Gray background cells contain the results of the corresponding
formulas there defined and are protected to avoid any accidental editing.
The remaining information required to run program is entered in the Control_Panel worksheet, where the user is requested to
provide initial guesses of the grinding parameters listed above.
To run the programa, select the objetive function Call E27 in control_Panel and then, from the Tools Menu, select Solver...., then
Min and then By Changing any combination of Cella E10: E24 (see Useful Hints below). Clicking on the Solve button will execute the
desired calculations.
Important Notice: Solver... must be run every time any element of imput data gets to be modified. Otherwise, the current
outputs are not valid.
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Esta desventaja, muchas veces puede resultar una ventaja, para los
efectos del diseño de simuladores a medida.
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Librería
Plataforma de simulación
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Librería
Aplicaciones
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Aplicaciones
Dr. Jose Luis Salazar Navarrete - Consultor Intercade
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La conexión entre los bloques es muy simple y basta arrastrar la punta de flecha
de la señal y unirla con la operación.
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Conjunto de librerías desarrolladas por Liu y Spencer (2004) y que pueden ser
adquiridas desde MathWorks.
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SAG MILL Simulator (desing by J.L Salazar; Cubillos F. and Magne L 2004)
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