II.

SECTOR EXTERNO

Cuadro A.16 Reservas internacionales netas del BCB, 1990 - 2012

(En millones de $us)

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997

Reservas internacionales netas 132.3 200.3 233.4 370.9 502.4 650.2 950.8 1,066.0

Reservas brutas 375.7 393.0 410.4 494.3 659.0 789.7 1,107.1 1,189.6
Oro 37.9 39.5 39.5 39.7 39.7 39.6 39.6 39.6
Divisas 269.3 247.4 287.1 377.8 557.5 694.8 1,017.9 1,103.7
DEG 0.7 0.1 0.1 14.0 24.7 40.0 38.5 36.2
Otros 67.8 106.0 83.6 62.8 37.1 15.3 11.1 10.0

Obligaciones 243.4 192.7 176.9 123.4 156.6 139.4 156.2 123.5

Variación absoluta RIN 68.0 33.1 137.5 131.5 147.9 300.6 115.2
Variación % RIN 51.4 16.5 58.9 35.5 29.4 46.2 12.1
Fuente: Banco Central de Bolivia
Elaboración: Ministerio de Economía y Finanzas Públicas, Unidad de Análisis y Estudios Fiscales
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

1,063.4 1,113.6 1,084.8 1,077.4 853.8 975.8 1,123.3 1,714.2 3,177.7 5,319.2 7,722.0

1,192.8 1,222.7 1,159.7 1,129.2 896.9 1,096.1 1,271.7 1,798.4 3,192.6 5,318.5 7,722.2
256.9 260.0 244.8 259.6 316.4 379.4 399.4 470.6 577.6 764.3 794.5
888.5 915.3 869.3 825.3 521.2 663.3 817.3 1,276.7 2,561.2 4,497.7 6,871.4
37.7 37.4 35.6 34.3 37.3 40.3 41.3 38.4 40.5 42.5 42.6
10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 22.0 13.1 13.7 12.7 13.3 14.0 13.7

129.4 109.0 74.9 51.8 43.1 120.3 148.4 84.2 14.9 -0.7 0.2

-2.6 50.2 -28.8 -7.4 -223.6 122.0 147.5 590.9 1,463.5 2,141.6 2,402.8
-0.2 4.7 -2.6 -0.7 -20.8 14.3 15.1 52.6 85.4 67.4 45.2
2009 2010 2011 2012

8,580.1 9,729.7 12,018.5 13,926.7

8,580.5 9,730.2 12,019.0 13,926.6

997.6 1,596.2 2,109.1 2,267.3
7,311.3 7,866.2 9,643.9 11,391.4
257.7 254.1 252.5 254.3
13.9 13.7 13.6 13.6

0.4 0.5 0.5 -0.1

858.1 1,149.6 2,288.9 1,908.2

11.1 13.4 23.5 15.9
II. SECTOR EXTERNO

Cuadro A.17 Tipo de cambio nominal, 1990 - 2012

(En Bs. por unidad de $us y en porcentaje)

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997

Tipo de cambio promedio del período

Venta 3.17 3.59 3.91 4.27 4.63 4.81 5.08 5.26

Compra 3.16 3.58 3.90 4.26 4.62 4.80 5.07 5.25
Spread cambiario 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01

Depreciación (apreciación)(1) 17.9% 13.0% 8.9% 9.3% 8.3% 3.9% 5.8% 3.5%

Tipo de cambio a fin de período

Venta 3.40 3.75 4.10 4.48 4.70 4.94 5.19 5.37

Compra 3.39 3.74 4.09 4.47 4.69 4.93 5.18 5.36
Spread cambiario 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01

Depreciación (apreciación) (1) 14.1% 10.3% 9.3% 9.3% 4.9% 5.1% 5.1% 3.5%
(1) Variación porcentual del tipo de cambio de venta
Fuente: Banco Central de Bolivia
Elaboración: Ministerio de Economía y Finanzas Públicas, Unidad de Análisis y Estudios Fiscales
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

5.52 5.82 6.19 6.62 7.18 7.67 7.95 8.09 8.06 7.89 7.29 7.07
5.51 5.80 6.17 6.60 7.16 7.65 7.93 8.05 7.96 7.79 7.19 6.97
0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10

4.9% 5.6% 6.3% 6.8% 8.5% 6.8% 3.6% 1.8% -0.3% -2.0% -7.7% -3.0%

5.65 6.00 6.40 6.83 7.50 7.84 8.06 8.08 8.03 7.67 7.07 7.07
5.64 5.98 6.38 6.81 7.48 7.82 8.04 8.00 7.93 7.57 6.97 6.97
0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.08 0.10 0.10 0.10

5.2% 6.2% 6.7% 6.7% 9.8% 4.5% 2.8% 0.2% -0.6% -4.5% -7.8% 0.0%
2010 2011 2012

7.07 6.99 6.96

6.97 6.89 6.86
0.10 0.10 0.10

0.0% -1.1% -0.4%

7.04 6.96 6.96

6.94 6.86 6.86
0.10 0.10 0.10

-0.4% -1.1% 0.0%

II. SECTOR EXTERNO

Cuadro A.18 Tipo de cambio oficial, paralelo y mercado de divisas, 1997 - 2012
(En Bs. por unidad de $us y en millones de $us)

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Tipo de Cambio(1) (En Bs. por unidad de $us)

Oficial bolsín
Venta 5.26 5.52 5.82 6.19 6.62 7.18 7.67 7.95 8.09
Compra 5.25 5.51 5.80 6.17 6.60 7.16 7.65 7.93 8.05
Paralelo
Venta 5.27 5.53 5.83 6.20 6.63 7.19 7.68 7.96 8.08
Compra 5.25 5.51 5.80 6.17 6.60 7.16 7.65 7.93 8.04

Oferta y demanda de divisas (En millones de $us)

Monto ofertado 3,735 3,735 3,765 3,810 3,795 3,765 3,660 3,780 3,795
Monto demandado 911 487 407 499 883 1,145 785 391 89
Monto adjudicado 756 373 309 343 560 649 484 293 75

Monto demandado / monto ofertado 24% 13% 11% 13% 23% 30% 21% 10% 2%
(1) Considera el tipo de cambio promedio anual
Fuente: Banco Central de Bolivia
Elaboración: Ministerio de Economía y Finanzas Públicas, Unidad de Análisis y Estudios Fiscales
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

8.06 7.89 7.29 7.07 7.07 6.99 6.96

7.96 7.79 7.19 6.97 6.97 6.89 6.86

8.03 7.86 7.27 7.08 7.07 6.97 6.96

7.95 7.78 7.17 6.99 7.02 6.90 6.91

3,750 3,765 5,885 12,450 12,550 12,600 17,550

0 3 797 948 761 94 841
0 3 779 947 761 94 831

0% 0% 14% 8% 6% 1% 5%
II. SECTOR EXTERNO

Cuadro A.19 Índice de tipo de cambio real y efectivo, 1991 - 2012

(Agosto 2003 = 100)

País 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

Multilateral 94.7 92.7 96.2 103.3 101.0 99.4 93.6 96.7 94.8

Argentina 154.3 179.4 192.6 193.3 183.4 178.6 173.7 176.2 178.2
Brasil 103.5 93.6 110.5 144.9 150.4 149.6 141.9 134.4 101.0
Canadá 93.5 85.9 83.9 76.7 74.9 74.2 69.5 66.0 74.0
Chile 89.3 97.4 95.7 109.2 109.2 108.9 108.0 105.9 99.7
China 78.1 79.5 93.5 78.2 81.6 85.2 83.1 82.9 84.5
Colombia 72.2 77.9 84.5 110.5 103.7 120.6 107.0 105.5 97.9
Corea del Sur 92.7 92.5 95.4 99.8 99.4 93.1 47.9 70.7 78.0
Dinamarca 87.4 82.9 77.8 85.5 89.3 82.9 71.5 78.3 71.8
Ecuador 58.1 63.5 75.0 81.9 72.9 71.7 74.5 69.8 39.0
El Salvador 51.5 53.8 63.8 66.5 69.1 72.2 71.4 75.0 76.4
Estados Unidos 72.3 73.7 75.7 75.1 71.9 72.3 71.3 73.0 77.2
Japón 87.9 88.3 99.6 108.6 97.9 85.0 74.9 86.9 98.5
Malasia 97.1 105.2 105.1 111.0 107.7 108.9 70.6 76.7 80.9
México 72.8 79.5 86.1 52.0 51.4 62.2 67.7 66.4 79.6
Panamá 99.5 100.2 101.1 99.0 93.2 92.8 89.6 91.5 95.7
Paraguay 120.6 119.1 124.2 138.8 139.2 137.5 126.6 121.5 112.5
Perú 90.7 82.8 87.2 96.3 93.6 90.5 88.9 82.1 78.9
Reino Unido 93.5 76.7 76.9 80.1 76.3 83.3 80.0 82.3 83.2
Suecia 123.4 97.6 86.1 94.9 101.5 95.3 81.9 79.8 78.7
Suiza 87.7 83.6 84.2 92.2 100.1 83.7 75.3 80.2 72.4
Uruguay 95.3 107.2 129.0 141.7 141.2 139.4 135.1 137.3 137.1
Venezuela 56.3 57.0 62.5 64.2 55.0 66.2 83.5 97.6 105.0
Zona del Euro 89.1 85.5 82.4 91.1 94.1 86.0 73.4 79.9 71.9
(p) Preliminar
Fuente: Banco Central de Bolivia
Elaboración: Ministerio de Economía y Finanzas Públicas, Unidad de Análisis y Estudios Fiscales
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

96.2 99.1 91.7 105.0 112.0 110.6 112.5 106.9 85.8 93.7 91.5

182.4 180.7 84.7 101.9 104.8 109.6 112.5 101.2 82.4 80.6 78.8
102.1 98.2 77.4 103.8 119.7 136.9 145.7 155.4 104.6 145.7 149.3
75.8 76.0 85.3 107.0 115.5 115.6 111.5 114.9 77.5 91.5 91.1
99.4 93.4 94.5 116.8 125.3 133.3 125.0 122.5 85.2 105.5 108.7
88.5 93.4 99.7 103.4 104.1 102.8 103.5 100.2 90.3 91.9 91.7
91.9 102.7 93.9 103.3 124.2 129.3 130.7 130.5 104.9 117.5 119.4
74.8 78.2 96.3 99.6 116.2 116.1 121.7 107.1 68.7 76.2 75.3
70.0 72.1 94.1 114.1 123.2 103.6 111.6 108.5 88.0 91.8 80.9
62.2 80.5 94.3 100.6 100.8 98.5 96.0 84.0 76.5 79.6 76.0
82.2 88.2 97.2 100.2 103.8 102.5 101.9 90.9 79.8 79.5 74.4
82.3 88.4 97.0 99.4 100.9 98.9 96.0 85.0 72.6 68.1
89.9 82.2 97.2 108.1 111.0 91.2 85.6 78.0 80.8 77.3 81.4
84.5 90.4 98.5 100.2 100.5 99.2 103.7 96.6 80.1 82.0 86.4
88.9 102.8 103.2 99.1 103.1 105.6 102.4 89.9 62.8 68.7 70.0
99.4 105.1 114.8 99.0 98.8 96.8 93.7 84.8 75.4 76.6 74.2
119.0 102.8 83.2 106.3 107.4 112.1 140.9 138.3 119.5 127.6 127.4
84.1 90.9 97.0 101.4 108.9 100.2 103.0 97.2 82.4 89.5 86.8
80.0 83.0 100.6 113.7 122.8 105.5 117.3 104.3 65.0 74.1 68.1
73.4 71.2 94.2 117.8 125.4 100.1 111.9 105.7 72.7 80.3 80.6
74.1 76.9 100.3 113.9 123.9 101.7 104.8 98.6 87.5 90.3 92.4
137.9 128.0 93.8 96.5 113.2 125.4 122.7 128.5 103.0 136.1 131.8
113.9 124.0 94.9 106.4 103.8 100.5 111.4 116.0 127.4 161.4 156.7
70.4 72.0 93.9 116.0 126.1 105.6 113.8 111.6 89.6 92.9 81.5
2011(p) 2012(p)

85.6 84.1

73.7 68.8
131.0 121.3
84.1 84.4
94.7 100.1
92.6 92.1
113.4 122.4
71.1 75.2
74.6 73.4
74.1 74.2
69.5 67.6
64.8 63.4
79.1 67.5
79.0 80.5
59.6 64.5
73.0 74.0
129.5 136.1
87.0 90.6
65.6 67.9
74.2 75.3
84.4 83.0
132.4 142.0
113.2 130.2
75.1 75.1
II. SECTOR EXTERNO

Cuadro A.20 Exportaciones según principales productos a nivel de actividad económica, 1990 - 2012
(En millones de $us)

Actividad económica / Producto 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997

Total exportaciones 955.7 895.3 773.8 808.9 1,124.2 1,181.2 1,295.3 1,272.1

Exportaciones 922.7 850.6 741.1 785.8 1,089.8 1,137.6 1,214.5 1,253.9

Agricultura, ganadería, caza, silvicultura y pesca 126.1 89.5 47.1 52.5 106.3 123.3 155.5 175.9
Castaña 13.0 9.5 11.2 15.2 15.8 18.7 28.6 31.1
Café sin Tostar 14.1 7.1 6.3 3.7 15.0 16.7 16.5 26.0
Cacao en Grano 1.9 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.4
Semillas y Habas de Soya 14.9 25.0 15.8 18.2 43.2 46.7 64.8 61.6
Frijoles 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.1 2.3 8.7
Quinua 0.0 0.6 0.6 0.7 1.4 1.6 1.9 2.2
Otros productos 82.0 46.9 13.1 14.2 30.3 37.2 41.2 46.0

Extracción de hidrocarburos 226.7 239.7 126.3 96.4 98.2 140.5 133.0 98.1
Gas natural 226.7 234.4 124.7 90.6 91.6 92.4 94.5 69.9
Combustibles 0.0 5.3 1.6 5.8 6.6 48.1 38.5 28.2

Extracción de minerales 266.2 243.5 274.6 193.9 185.1 243.9 237.4 279.2
Mineral de estaño 23.3 19.5 20.5 8.8 7.8 8.2 12.6 11.0
Mineral de zinc 146.8 140.3 172.5 119.5 105.3 151.3 151.7 200.0
Wolfram 4.6 7.6 5.8 1.6 2.4 4.8 3.5 2.7
Mineral de antimonio 11.1 5.5 1.4 1.0 4.9 4.8 2.7 1.6
Mineral de plomo 15.1 10.8 11.1 9.8 12.0 12.5 11.8 11.0
Mineral de oro 18.5 17.0 20.0 4.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Mineral de plata 26.1 23.0 38.8 43.1 48.0 57.4 52.2 48.0
Otros productos 20.8 19.7 4.6 5.5 4.6 4.7 2.9 5.0

Industria manufacturera 303.6 277.3 292.8 442.4 699.8 629.5 688.3 700.5
Cacao 1.8 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.5
Azúcar 31.6 30.7 25.4 15.7 45.5 16.8 27.9 22.1
Bebidas 2.7 4.1 3.3 4.0 5.3 7.3 9.3 6.9
Café elaborado 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0
Soya y productos de soya 25.3 42.4 41.1 56.0 75.3 95.3 135.8 180.9
Girasol y productos de girasol 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.5 3.5 8.8
Productos alimenticios 12.2 5.0 1.1 6.9 13.9 15.0 16.7 20.8
Productos del tabaco 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.5 1.7 3.2 3.8 3.6
Algodón e hilados de algodón 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.6 1.4 0.6 1.4 1.5
Productos textiles 2.1 2.5 10.1 10.8 14.7 9.9 12.8 14.4
Cueros y manufacturas de cuero 27.0 14.1 11.7 14.0 11.9 12.3 12.2 14.6
Prendas de vestir, adobo y teñido de pieles 6.6 8.5 3.2 4.2 6.2 9.3 17.4 16.8
Calzados 1.4 0.7 0.6 2.1 1.2 1.1 1.5 2.4
Maderas y manufacturas de madera 44.2 48.5 49.9 53.4 86.4 75.6 81.7 86.7
Papel y productos de papel 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.8 0.7 1.4 0.3 0.4
Productos de la refinación del petróleo 0.0 0.0 7.3 6.4 8.6 12.0 8.3 8.9
 Sustancias y productos químicos 5.6 4.5 1.7 1.2 2.3 1.6 0.7 0.2
Estaño metálico 83.7 80.3 77.6 75.1 83.4 81.4 70.9 70.6
Antimonio metálico y óxidos de antimonio 1.6 5.0 8.0 6.4 8.1 7.5 6.9 7.3
Barras de plomo 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.1
Oro metálico 46.8 22.2 1.9 71.6 119.1 130.8 119.6 110.5
Plata metálica 7.4 5.3 5.4 12.9 14.7 13.5 11.8 11.3
Otros metales manufacturados 1.0 0.4 0.6 1.0 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.4
Fabricación de muebles de madera 0.0 0.0 0.5 1.1 2.4 3.0 3.3 4.7
Fabricación de muebles con otro material 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Joyería 0.0 0.0 0.8 39.3 139.5 78.5 39.8 20.0
Joyería con oro importado 0.0 0.0 26.9 31.5 24.3 11.6 49.5 54.3
Desechos y amalgamas de metal precioso 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.3
Otros productos 2.0 1.8 13.8 25.1 32.1 39.0 52.2 31.6

Suministro de electricidad, gas y agua 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1
Energía eléctrica 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1

Reexportación 32.7 44.4 31.8 22.2 33.2 42.1 79.2 16.5

Efectos personales 0.2 0.3 0.9 0.9 1.2 1.5 1.7 1.8
(p) Preliminar
Fuente: Instituto Nacional de Estadística
Elaboración: Ministerio de Economía y Finanzas Públicas, Unidad de Análisis y Estudios Fiscales
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

1,324.7 1,405.4 1,475.0 1,352.9 1,374.9 1,676.6 2,265.2 2,948.1 4,231.9 4,889.7 7,058.0 5,486.4

1,108.1 1,042.2 1,246.3 1,226.2 1,319.9 1,589.8 2,194.6 2,867.4 4,088.3 4,821.8 6,932.9 5,399.6

123.6 122.8 112.5 53.5 61.2 94.2 131.6 171.6 159.5 188.5 274.4 288.4
30.9 30.9 34.1 27.7 27.4 37.9 53.4 75.0 70.2 76.9 88.0 72.8
15.0 13.8 10.3 5.8 6.2 6.3 9.3 11.3 13.9 13.8 13.9 14.6
0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.6 1.2
47.3 40.1 46.5 1.6 5.8 25.5 23.2 33.4 15.2 17.3 39.7 51.0
4.6 7.8 3.8 6.0 7.1 5.9 8.1 9.3 9.9 20.7 42.3 34.3
1.9 2.7 1.8 2.4 2.3 3.1 4.4 5.6 8.9 13.1 23.0 43.2
23.7 27.2 15.6 9.5 12.0 15.1 32.7 36.4 40.9 66.9 71.3

86.2 63.0 157.9 286.7 331.5 485.4 815.4 1,400.2 2,011.2 2,240.0 3,483.4 2,107.3
55.5 35.5 121.4 239.3 266.2 389.6 619.7 1,086.5 1,667.8 1,971.2 3,159.1 1,967.6
30.7 27.5 36.4 47.3 65.2 95.8 195.7 313.7 343.5 268.8 324.3 139.7

243.1 227.6 260.1 189.3 199.9 229.2 297.7 350.5 793.6 1,062.5 1,520.8 1,498.5
7.8 5.3 10.3 5.2 9.3 15.3 30.7 23.9 28.0 39.4 55.3 31.5
157.8 154.3 170.6 118.9 112.1 124.2 151.7 200.8 548.4 696.5 740.8 689.6
2.4 1.4 1.9 4.0 1.6 2.1 2.6 7.6 16.4 22.0 22.8 17.8
1.2 0.5 0.6 0.3 1.7 2.6 2.6 8.9 12.8 5.5 5.7 3.6
8.9 4.7 4.5 3.8 4.4 4.3 9.2 10.4 14.1 60.6 169.0 138.1
0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.6 0.3
58.8 55.8 65.1 49.5 63.7 71.8 89.1 88.5 163.6 216.3 506.7 596.8
6.1 5.6 6.9 7.6 7.1 8.8 11.8 10.4 10.2 21.5 19.9 20.8

655.1 628.8 715.8 696.7 727.3 781.1 949.9 945.1 1,123.9 1,330.9 1,654.3 1,505.4
0.5 0.6 0.6 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.6 0.8
23.6 9.2 7.2 10.0 15.8 23.7 31.0 18.7 18.5 32.5 49.7 76.8
9.5 9.6 6.3 7.3 6.3 11.5 14.6 15.4 24.7 31.1 40.1 46.4
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.5
184.4 182.7 252.7 273.4 312.8 344.3 402.4 346.6 355.7 399.1 471.5 530.9
8.7 15.0 14.6 28.5 22.4 14.0 20.6 24.6 44.9 76.5 141.8 111.4
31.8 32.8 37.5 28.8 22.8 22.1 29.1 21.9 32.7 41.1 37.4 42.1
3.0 2.6 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.6 1.4
1.4 1.1 1.0 1.6 1.3 1.4 0.7 0.9 1.5 1.1 1.4 2.1
23.3 29.7 29.5 25.5 17.3 28.9 28.0 32.6 34.3 42.2 110.3 37.4
11.3 12.2 22.5 22.7 23.4 21.2 23.5 21.6 32.3 36.9 32.1 17.9
9.4 11.7 16.5 15.0 13.6 22.5 39.8 35.1 33.4 26.7 27.2 32.1
0.6 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.2 0.3 0.7 1.6 2.2 3.4 2.6 2.0
67.4 50.9 57.7 40.9 41.1 42.5 55.9 67.4 87.3 99.4 96.7 79.8
2.9 1.1 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.9 1.0 0.7 0.3 0.5 0.3
10.5 12.1 20.9 16.9 14.9 19.9 35.5 43.0 48.7 50.8 65.4 27.9
 0.4 0.5 0.8 0.6 1.6 1.1 2.0 3.4 5.3 7.1 13.1 13.3
58.2 64.1 66.2 50.9 48.9 59.3 116.4 101.9 117.3 178.8 235.4 205.4
5.3 3.2 1.1 1.5 1.5 3.9 6.0 9.8 14.0 15.7 18.1 12.0
0.2 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.8 0.8 1.6 0.7
112.7 89.1 87.8 92.2 89.6 71.8 33.6 77.7 125.9 122.4 141.6 116.2
14.4 12.3 8.9 4.4 4.8 4.1 2.1 4.1 8.6 10.2 19.0 13.8
1.1 1.0 0.9 1.8 2.6 1.1 1.8 2.9 9.0 10.3 9.3 4.8
8.8 21.6 17.5 10.0 10.6 12.6 12.2 10.7 12.3 27.3 14.8 14.2
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 2.2 2.0 3.0 4.3 3.1 1.0 1.0 0.6
3.4 15.4 31.8 28.0 41.5 41.5 44.5 49.3 51.2 53.4 23.7 2.1
44.8 32.0 13.7 11.4 15.9 11.7 17.3 14.6 22.0 16.4 36.3 54.9
0.1 0.3 0.3 1.3 0.8 1.2 1.6 2.4 1.1 0.3 9.3 7.6
17.5 17.8 16.7 20.4 12.6 16.4 24.7 31.6 35.1 44.5 52.2 49.1

0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

214.7 360.6 226.1 123.7 52.4 84.2 68.1 78.1 141.3 64.3 120.7 84.3
1.9 2.5 2.6 3.0 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.3 3.6 4.4 2.5
2010 2011(p) 2012(p)

7,052.1 9,183.4 11,967.8

6,966.1 9,114.0 11,793.7

280.1 338.2 524.9

103.7 148.4 145.6
15.3 26.2 18.6
2.4 2.0 1.4
19.4 11.8 155.6
35.4 27.5 40.1
46.6 63.4 79.8
57.2 58.9 83.8

2,984.4 4,112.4 5,871.0

2,797.8 3,884.9 5,478.5
186.6 227.6 392.4

1,861.0 2,420.1 2,074.3

60.6 68.5 56.8
892.5 944.2 738.9
21.3 19.9 22.0
10.3 6.5 9.4
156.8 241.0 157.7
1.1 7.2 26.1
686.2 1,083.9 986.4
32.1 49.0 76.9

1,840.5 2,243.3 3,323.6

1.6 0.8 1.1
45.3 0.9 23.6
54.7 34.1 48.9
0.7 0.0 0.1
545.0 659.5 824.4
118.0 76.3 99.2
58.8 59.1 74.6
1.3 0.4 0.1
2.0 1.9 1.5
54.8 31.6 55.2
35.0 52.6 50.5
36.1 27.4 27.9
2.2 2.8 2.3
96.1 73.8 61.9
0.5 1.5 0.8
30.4 36.2 39.0
 23.3 24.0 72.7
293.1 394.0 298.5
31.6 50.3 55.2
0.2 0.0 0.2
94.1 88.1 90.0
113.4 291.8 210.3
11.7 25.8 40.6
20.8 11.4 7.3
0.3 0.4 0.2
17.6 23.1 22.2
25.7 20.5 36.7
47.3 189.2 1,096.2
78.3 65.7 82.5

0.0 0.0 0.0

0.0 0.0 0.0

83.7 67.4 172.0

2.4 2.1 2.1
II. SECTOR EXTERNO

Cuadro A.21 Importaciones según uso o destino económico, 1990 - 2012

(En millones de $us)

Grupo económico / Uso o

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999
destino económico

Importaciones 702.7 993.7 1,130.5 1,176.9 1,196.3 1,433.6 1,656.6 1,925.7 2,450.9 2,098.1

Bienes de consumo 151.1 210.2 205.0 224.1 282.5 282.4 339.6 389.0 506.1 412.5
Bienes de consumo no durader 62.6 95.9 89.1 109.7 133.9 137.9 173.2 184.4 213.2 224.2
Bienes de consumo duradero 88.6 114.3 115.9 114.5 148.5 144.4 166.4 204.6 292.9 188.3

Materias primas y productos in 288.1 389.1 455.8 478.1 512.1 604.0 615.6 737.6 892.3 742.7
Combustibles, lubricantes y pr 3.6 7.9 26.0 51.7 57.4 67.0 52.2 137.2 99.1 72.6
Materias primas y productos int 10.9 21.9 13.1 18.1 15.9 27.4 32.1 45.1 43.2 42.9
Materias primas y productos int 229.5 305.1 333.6 321.9 350.7 416.3 445.3 470.3 639.5 491.2
Materiales de construcción 25.1 34.8 52.3 51.2 48.9 42.8 48.7 53.2 72.7 101.7
Partes y accesorios de equipo d 19.0 19.5 30.9 35.3 39.2 50.6 37.3 31.9 37.8 34.3

Bienes de capital 253.6 365.9 438.5 455.6 387.5 535.0 659.3 754.9 1,006.9 918.8
Bienes de capital para la agricu 16.3 24.8 18.7 13.3 18.5 17.4 19.3 16.3 15.9 17.2
Bienes de capital para la indust 173.4 260.2 301.5 273.9 224.1 313.8 368.9 474.0 528.2 540.1
Equipo de transporte 63.9 80.9 118.3 168.5 144.9 203.7 271.0 264.6 462.9 361.5

Diversos 9.4 28.5 30.7 18.8 14.2 12.2 42.2 44.2 45.6 24.0
Efectos personales 0.5 0.1 0.6 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
(p) Preliminar
Fuente: Instituto Nacional de Estadística
Elaboración: Ministerio de Economía y Finanzas Públicas, Unidad de Análisis y Estudios Fiscales
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011(p) 2012(p)

2,020.3 1,708.3 1,832.0 1,692.1 1,920.4 2,440.1 2,925.8 3,588.0 5,100.2 4,577.4 5,603.9 7,672.7 8,281.0

470.8 409.5 373.7 359.2 402.8 524.2 490.2 836.7 1,118.7 928.0 1,200.6 1,713.6 1,752.2
296.9 286.7 239.9 226.5 249.9 297.2 336.5 417.9 554.0 516.9 680.3 853.1 967.4
173.9 122.8 133.9 132.6 152.9 227.0 153.7 418.8 564.7 411.0 520.4 860.5 784.8

931.6 870.0 926.1 862.2 997.4 1,281.4 1,466.7 1,769.9 2,599.0 2,305.0 2,802.5 3,745.8 4,127.1
117.4 115.0 81.4 114.6 122.5 239.5 272.3 280.4 555.4 470.2 649.2 1,025.4 1,233.1
52.9 60.0 54.2 69.1 95.7 113.7 108.6 146.7 210.9 218.3 241.1 300.3 309.4
624.1 574.6 549.9 551.1 617.1 729.1 830.4 1,024.1 1,393.5 1,204.2 1,451.5 1,800.0 1,920.1
84.5 64.4 185.5 79.4 106.4 122.0 166.8 205.6 309.0 295.5 316.0 450.5 455.2
52.6 56.0 55.1 48.0 55.7 77.1 88.7 130.3 116.9 144.7 169.7 209.3

606.6 418.4 524.4 457.6 503.5 611.3 945.6 952.4 1,315.1 1,273.9 1,544.7 2,184.3 2,329.6
12.9 14.4 19.4 25.4 50.3 39.0 39.0 65.8 97.3 77.3 106.5 162.7 208.8
414.4 361.1 405.8 322.7 346.7 441.8 588.7 653.9 902.1 852.5 1,083.6 1,503.8 1,599.7
179.2 42.9 99.2 109.5 106.6 130.5 317.9 232.8 315.7 344.1 354.7 517.7 521.2

11.3 10.3 7.7 11.5 15.5 22.0 19.4 24.1 61.8 64.3 49.2 20.9 64.1
0.0 0.0 0.0 1.6 1.2 1.3 4.0 4.8 5.5 6.1 6.8 8.1 7.9
II. SECTOR EXTERNO

Cuadro A.22 Balanza comercial, 1990 - 2012

(En millones de $us)

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

Balanza comercial 253.0 -98.5 -356.7 -368.0 -72.1 -252.4 -361.3 -653.6 -1,126.2

Exportaciones (1) 955.7 895.3 773.8 808.9 1,124.2 1,181.2 1,295.3 1,272.1 1,324.7
Exportaciones 922.7 850.6 741.1 785.8 1,089.8 1,137.6 1,214.5 1,253.9 1,108.1
Importaciones 702.7 993.7 1,130.5 1,176.9 1,196.3 1,433.6 1,656.6 1,925.7 2,450.9
(p) Preliminar
(1) Incluye reexportación y
efectos
Fuente: personales
Instituto Nacional de Estadística
Elaboración: Ministerio de Economía y Finanzas Públicas, Unidad de Análisis y Estudios Fiscales
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

-692.7 -545.3 -355.4 -457.1 -15.5 344.8 508.0 1,306.1 1,301.8 1,957.8 909.0 1,448.3

1,405.4 1,475.0 1,352.9 1,374.9 1,676.6 2,265.2 2,948.1 4,231.9 4,889.7 7,058.0 5,486.4 7,052.1
1,042.2 1,246.3 1,226.2 1,319.9 1,589.8 2,194.6 2,867.4 4,088.3 4,821.8 6,932.9 5,399.6 6,966.1
2,098.1 2,020.3 1,708.3 1,832.0 1,692.1 1,920.4 2,440.1 2,925.8 3,588.0 5,100.2 4,577.4 5,603.9
2011(p) 2012(p)

1,510.8 3,686.7

9,183.4 11,967.8
9,114.0 11,793.7
7,672.7 8,281.0
II. SECTOR EXTERNO

Cuadro A.23 Balanza de Pagos, 1990 - 2012

(En millones de $us)

Cuenta 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996

Cuenta corriente 98.4 -216.8 -409.2 -408.3 -71.2 -299.7 -364.1

Balanza comercial de bienes 158.0 -192.9 -452.7 -423.9 -161.9 -343.9 -404.3
Exportaciones FOB 845.2 776.6 637.6 709.7 985.1 1,041.5 1,132.0
Importaciones CIF ajustado -687.2 -969.5 -1,090.3 -1,133.6 -1,147.0 -1,385.4 -1,536.3
Servicios factoriales -239.8 -224.2 -212.1 -223.4 -196.7 -228.1 -220.5
Intereses netos -222.5 -211.2 -193.0 -203.3 -176.3 -202.9 -149.7
Intereses recibidos 17.0 22.3 15.3 12.1 16.7 24.7 73.2
Intereses debidos -239.5 -233.5 -208.3 -215.4 -193.0 -227.6 -222.9
Otra renta de la inversión (neta) -17.3 -13.0 -19.0 -20.1 -20.4 -25.2 -70.8
Renta del trabajo (neta) --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Servicios no factoriales 5.2 8.5 9.0 11.4 20.1 25.6 10.4
Transf. unilaterales netas 175.0 191.8 246.6 227.6 267.3 246.7 250.3

Cuenta capital 144.9 172.4 413.8 405.1 393.7 534.3 651.8

Inversión extranjera directa 65.9 93.7 120.1 121.6 128.0 372.3 471.9
Inversión de cartera --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Endeudamiento público de mediano y largo plazo 196.5 208.7 277.8 199.7 225.6 290.5 196.4
Desembolsos 335.2 299.9 384.7 319.2 364.5 430.4 345.3
Amortizaciones -138.7 -91.2 -106.9 -119.5 -138.9 -139.9 -148.9
Endeudamiento público de corto plazo (neto) --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Endeudamiento privado neto -117.5 -130.0 15.9 83.8 40.1 -128.5 -69.3
Bancos comerciales - RIN --- --- --- --- --- --- 12.4
Transferencias de capital --- --- --- --- --- --- 40.4

Errores y omisiones -276.8 -79.1 -144.2 -98.9 -372.2 -278.8 0.0

Balanza de pagos -33.5 -123.5 -139.6 -102.1 -49.7 -44.2 287.7

Financiamiento 33.5 123.5 139.6 102.1 49.7 44.2 -287.7

Financiamiento excepcional 147.2 191.5 172.7 239.5 133.7 192.1 12.9

Alivio HIPC --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Cambio reservas netas BCB [(-) = positivo] -113.7 -68.0 -33.1 -137.4 -84.0 -147.9 -300.6
(p) Preliminar
Fuente: Banco Central de Bolivia
Elaboración: Ministerio de Economía y Finanzas Públicas, Unidad de Análisis y Estudios Fiscales
 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

-553.1 -666.9 -488.5 -446.5 -274.0 -349.9 84.9 304.7 525.7 1,216.1 1,460.3 1,992.7

-684.3 -879.0 -704.0 -583.6 -422.9 -476.2 -18.1 269.2 360.3 958.8 872.6 1,445.2
1,166.5 1,104.0 1,051.1 1,246.1 1,284.8 1,298.7 1,597.8 2,146.0 2,791.1 3,874.5 4,458.3 6,526.5
-1,850.8 -1,983.0 -1,755.1 -1,829.7 -1,707.7 -1,774.9 -1,615.9 -1,876.9 -2,430.8 -2,915.7 -3,585.7 -5,081.4
-196.2 -162.2 -196.2 -225.5 -211.2 -204.7 -301.8 -384.7 -376.4 -397.2 -489.4 -536.4
-152.1 -74.2 -70.2 -92.5 -58.5 -47.5 -95.3 -120.5 -134.7 -34.8 124.0 111.2
57.1 127.2 130.8 110.1 90.1 70.4 37.3 40.8 84.7 199.0 331.9 305.9
-209.2 -201.4 -201.0 -202.6 -148.6 -117.9 -132.6 -161.3 -219.4 -233.8 -208.0 -194.7
-44.1 -107.1 -144.0 -153.0 -174.6 -180.4 -230.7 -289.1 -267.7 -388.5 -640.9 -677.7
--- 19.1 18.0 20.0 21.9 23.2 24.2 24.9 26.1 26.1 27.5 30.1
35.7 33.9 25.8 -24.1 -36.0 -40.5 -69.0 -70.8 -42.3 -167.7 -189.0 -200.2
291.7 340.4 385.9 386.8 396.1 371.4 473.7 491.1 584.0 822.3 1,284.1

914.7 1,268.5 924.9 462.0 439.7 699.7 174.3 436.3 203.8 303.1 471.8 378.3

598.9 1,023.4 1,008.0 733.9 703.3 674.1 194.9 82.6 -290.8 277.8 362.3 507.6
--- -74.5 -61.3 55.4 -23.0 -19.3 -68.2 -35.4 -153.4 25.1 -29.9 -208.1
205.1 104.3 113.5 110.5 202.7 304.1 391.8 274.7 171.4 -1,566.3 -1,069.0 238.9
370.8 320.2 280.5 290.5 376.5 527.4 612.7 497.2 433.6 256.9 322.3 412.5
-165.7 -215.9 -167.0 -180.0 -173.8 -223.3 -220.9 -222.5 -262.2 -1,823.3 -1,391.3 -173.7
--- -23.8 -6.7 -7.3 -13.1 8.9 -17.6 -40.7 -6.6 23.6 2.6 -7.8
22.7 229.1 -128.6 -430.5 -430.2 -268.1 -333.5 147.0 474.4 -270.2 25.7 -162.0
62.7 --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
25.3 9.9 --- --- --- --- 7.0 8.0 8.7 1,813.2 1,180.2 9.7

-258.9 -476.4 -409.9 -54.0 -203.0 -642.5 -181.9 -615.1 -225.8 -3.7 20.2 3.1

102.7 125.2 26.5 -38.5 -37.3 -292.7 77.3 125.9 503.6 1,515.5 1,952.3 2,374.0

-102.7 -125.2 -26.5 38.5 37.3 292.7 -77.3 -125.9 -503.6 -1,515.5 -1,952.3 -2,374.0

--- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
--- 2.6 15.8 15.2 8.9 17.3 15.5 12.5 --- --- --- ---
-102.7 -127.7 -42.3 23.3 28.4 275.4 -92.9 -138.5 -503.6 -1,515.5 -1,952.3 -2,374.0
 2009 2010 (p) 2011 (p) 2012 (p)

703.0 765.6 329.5 2,001.1

372.6 811.6 683.8 2,837.8

4,917.5 6,401.9 8,348.0 11,107.0
-4,544.9 -5,590.2 -7,664.2 -8,269.2
-673.8 -864.1 -1,160.8 -1,629.3
64.4 -19.8 -40.4 7.0
194.7 85.6 102.0 125.2
-130.3 -105.4 -142.4 -118.2
-765.9 -863.3 -1,147.6 -1,649.0
27.7 19.0 27.3 12.6
-209.0 -263.4 -368.8 -473.2
1,213.2 1,081.4 1,175.3 1,265.8

-28.7 916.9 976.6 534.3

425.7 671.8 858.9 1,060.0

-153.6 90.1 186.4 -360.3
137.5 277.9 596.5 688.3
380.7 538.3 777.0 1,134.7
-243.1 -260.4 -180.5 -446.4
23.0 -14.4 -59.7 -37.5
-571.7 -101.3 -611.5 -821.9
--- --- --- ---
110.5 -7.2 5.9 5.7

-349.1 -759.5 853.9 -823.8

325.2 923.0 2,160.0 1,711.6

-325.2 -923.0 -2,160.0 -1,711.6

--- --- --- ---

--- --- --- ---
-325.2 -923.0 -2,160.0 -1,711.6
II. SECTOR EXTERNO

Cuadro A.24 Deuda pública externa de mediano y largo plazo por acreedor, 1996 - 2012
(En millones de $us)

Acreedor 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Total deuda pública externa 4,643.2 4,531.5 4,659.3 4,573.4 4,460.2 4,496.8 4,399.6 5,142.1

Multilateral 3,002.1 3,010.7 3,023.6 3,073.4 3,077.3 3,261.1 3,637.2 4,318.5

CAF 282.1 245.7 198.2 208.7 255.4 420.7 577.4 740.6
BID 1,435.3 1,446.8 1,381.2 1,396.8 1,392.8 1,373.7 1,450.2 1,626.5
Banco Mundial 892.0 956.3 1,067.6 1,105.9 1,096.4 1,146.8 1,323.5 1,571.2
FIDA 36.4 36.7 38.8 38.1 36.7 34.6 36.3 41.2
FND 5.7 5.4 5.7 8.1 8.9 10.3 12.7 16.5
FONPLATA 58.2 57.4 55.2 53.6 49.9 47.2 22.8 27.1
OPEP 12.8 12.1 10.8 13.7 15.7 19.7 18.8 18.0
FMI 277.4 248.1 264.2 246.7 220.2 207.0 194.6 276.5
BIAPE 2.3 2.1 1.9 1.7 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.9

Bilateral 1,621.0 1,503.1 1,607.3 1,483.8 1,371.8 1,227.3 756.9 820.7

Venezuela 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Brasil 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 21.9 33.5 56.2 73.5
Rep. Popular de China 21.5 24.9 24.6 24.1 23.3 21.4 19.5 16.3
Alemania 426.9 394.2 410.3 356.2 325.4 306.2 6.9 9.5
Rep. Corea 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4
España 122.4 122.1 142.3 139.4 142.3 137.8 134.9 130.9
Francia 63.4 59.6 61.0 45.2 40.7 37.9 16.1 17.2
Italia 65.8 67.2 67.8 69.1 67.0 63.8 3.2 3.8
Japón 526.4 468.7 528.5 587.3 523.4 464.1 513.5 567.6
Otros(1) 372.6 344.4 350.9 240.6 227.7 162.8 6.7 1.4

Privados 20.1 17.8 28.5 16.3 11.2 8.4 5.6 2.8

(p) Preliminar
(1) 2009, 2010 y 2012 corresponde al saldo con Argentina
Fuente: Banco Central de Bolivia
Elaboración: Ministerio de Economía y Finanzas Públicas, Unidad de Análisis y Estudios Fiscales
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012(p)

5,045.2 4,941.6 3,248.1 2,208.5 2,443.7 2,601.6 2,892.2 3,491.9 4,195.8

4,661.9 4,520.0 2,834.5 1,709.3 1,819.9 1,993.3 2,287.9 2,620.8 3,040.9

836.9 871.3 843.6 856.1 947.0 1,020.0 1,168.5 1,316.6 1,511.0
1,658.2 1,622.8 1,621.2 459.3 460.9 519.4 629.4 764.2 936.0
1,748.6 1,666.6 233.4 261.2 280.1 315.2 355.1 393.9 443.0
43.5 40.8 43.1 44.9 44.9 46.5 45.9 46.7 48.0
18.1 24.5 32.3 36.7 36.6 37.2 37.0 40.5 40.0
32.9 32.8 29.1 29.9 28.3 32.7 30.1 36.2 37.3
17.0 16.8 17.3 21.1 22.2 22.1 21.8 22.8 25.5
306.0 243.8 14.5 --- --- --- --- --- ---
0.7 0.6 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---

382.9 421.5 413.6 499.3 623.8 608.3 604.4 871.1 654.9

0.0 0.0 32.6 84.3 229.5 304.4 311.1 416.9 159.8
87.4 121.5 133.4 126.7 114.0 101.4 95.0 172.0 93.0
14.0 29.4 38.6 75.4 79.5 79.5 82.2 170.8 291.4
39.1 34.0 45.8 51.3 56.5 58.4 54.7 54.1 55.5
1.0 5.4 10.3 17.8 17.2 20.4 20.9 20.1 21.3
142.8 139.3 129.2 119.7 106.5 19.3 16.4 16.2 15.7
17.2 13.3 12.8 12.5 10.6 9.1 10.0 8.8 7.9
9.8 9.8 10.9 11.6 9.9 8.9 7.1 5.9 5.0
71.6 63.0 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
--- --- --- --- --- 7.0 7.0 6.3 5.4

0.4 0.2 --- --- --- --- --- --- 500.0