INTEC

Métodos Matemáticos
para Ingenieros
Ejercicios Unidad II
Transformada de Laplace

1. Use la definición de transformada de Laplace para obtener la transfor-

mada de f (t) si:
(a) f (t) = cosh 2t
(b) f (t) = t2
(c) f (t) = 3 + t
(d) f (t) = tet
2. Obtenga la transformada de Laplace de las siguientes funciones, estable-
ciendo la región de convergencia.
(a) f (t) = 5 − 3t
(b) f (t) = 3 − 2t + 4 cos 2t
(c) f (t) = sinh 2t
(d) f (t) = 4te−2t
(e) f (t) = t2e−4t
(f) f (t) = 2 cos 3t + 5 sin 3t
(g) f (t) = t2 sin 3t
(h) f (t) = t2e−2t + e−t cos 2t + 3
(i) f (t) = 7t3 − 2 sin 3t
(j) f (t) = cosh 3t

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 (k) f (t) = 5e−2t + 3 − 2 cos 2t
(l) f (t) = 2e−3t sin 2t
(m) f (t) = 6t3 − 3t2 + 4t − 2
(n) f (t) = t cos 2t
(o) f (t) = t2 − 3 cos 4t
3. Halle L−1{F (s)} donde
(a) F (s) = 1/(s + 3)(s + 7)
(b) F (s) = (s + 5)/(s + 1)(s − 3)
(c) F (s) = (s − 1)/s2(s + 3)
(d) F (s) = (2s + 6)/(s2 + 4)
(e) F (s) = 1/s2(s + 16)
(f) F (s) = (s + 8)/(s2 + 4s + 5)
(g) F (s) = (s + 1)/s2(s2 + 4s + 8)
(h) F (s) = 4s/(s − 1)(s + 1)2
(i) F (s) = (s + 7)/(s2 + 2s + 5)
(j) F (s) = (3s2 − 7s + 5)/(s − 1)(s − 2)(s − 3)
(k) F (s) = (5s − 7)/(s + 3)(s2 + 2)
(l) F (s) = s/(s − 1)(s2 + 2s + 2)
(m) F (s) = (s − 1)/(s2 + 2s + 5)
(n) F (s) = (s − 1)/(s − 1)(s − 3)(s − 4)
(o) F (s) = 3s/(s − 1)(s2 − 4)
(p) F (s) = 36/s(s2 + 1)(s2 + 9)
(q) F (s) = (2s2 + 4s + 9)/(s + 2)(s2 + 3s + 3)

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 (r) F (s) = 1/(s + 1)(s + 2)(s2 + 2s + 10)
4. Resuelva para t ≥ 0, aplicando la transformada de Laplace, los siguientes
problemas en valores iniciales.
(a)
x0(t) + 3x(t) = e−2t


x(0) = 2.

(b)
3x0(t) − 4x(t) = sin 2t


x(0) = 1/3.

(c)
x00(t) + 2x0(t) + 5x(t) = 1


x(0) = 0, x0(0) = 0.

(d)
x00(t) + 2x0(t) + x(t) = 4 cos 2t


x(0) = 0, x0(0) = 2.

(e)
x00(t) + 2x0(t) + x(t) = 5e−t sin t


x(0) = 1, x0(0) = 0.

(f)
x00(t) + 4x0(t) + 4x(t) = t2 + e−2t


x(0) = 1/2, x0(0) = 0.

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 (g)
x000(t) − 2x00(t) − x0 + 2x(t) = 2 + t


x(0) = 0, x0(0) = 1, x00(0) = 0.

(h)
x000(t) + x00(t) + x0 + x(t) = cos 3t


x(0) = 0, x0(0) = 1, x00(0) = 1.

5. Resuelva para t ≥ 0, aplicando la transformada de Laplace, los siguientes
problemas en valores iniciales para sistemas de ecuaciones diferenciales.
(a)
 0
 2x − 2y 0 − 9y = e−2t
2x0 + 4y 0 + 4x − 37y = 0
x(0) = 0, y(0) = 1/4.


(b)
 0
 x + 2y 0 + x − y = 5 sin t
2x0 + 3y 0 + x − y = et
x(0) = 0, y(0) = 0.


(c)
 0
 x + y 0 + 2x + y = e−3t
y 0 + 5x + 3y = 5e−2t
x(0) = −1, y(0) = 4.


(d)
 0
 3x + 3y 0 − 2x = et
x0 + 2y 0 − y = 1
x(0) = 1, y(0) = 1.


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(e)
 0
 3x + y 0 − 2x = 3 sin t + 5 cos t
2x0 + y 0 + y = sin t + cos t
x(0) = 0, y(0) = −1.


(f)
 0
 x + y0 + y = t
x0 + 4y 0 + x = 1
x(0) = 1, y(0) = 0.


(g)
 0
 2x + 3y 0 + 7x = 14t + 7
5x0 − 3y 0 + 4x + 6y = 14t − 14
x(0) = 0, y(0) = 0.


(h)
 00
 x − y + 2x = 0
y 00 − x + 2y = 0
x(0) = 4, y(0) = 2, x0(0) = 0, y 0(0) = 0.


(i)
 00
 5x + 12y 00 + 6x = 0
5x00 + 16y 00 + 6y = 0
x(0) = 7/4, y(0) = 1, x0(0) = 0, y 0(0) = 0.
