I.

- Determinar el dominio de las siguientes funciones vectoriales:

𝑙𝑛(4 + 𝑡) 𝑙𝑛(𝑡 − 2) 𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝑡
1. 𝑓(𝑡) = ( , , )
√𝑡 𝑡 √𝑡 − 1
𝑺𝑶𝑳𝑼𝑪𝑰𝑶𝑵 ∶
𝐷𝑜𝑚 (𝐴) ∩ 𝐷𝑜𝑚 (𝐵) ∩ 𝐷𝑜𝑚 (𝐶) = ¿ ?
𝑙𝑛(4 + 𝑡) → 4 + 𝑡 > 0
𝑙𝑛(4 + 𝑡) 𝑡 > −4, 𝑡 ∈ < −4, +∞ >
𝐴) →{ }
√𝑡 √𝑡 → 𝑡 ≠ 0 𝑦 𝑡 > 0
𝑫𝒐𝒎 𝑨 → 𝑡 ∈ < 0, +∞ >

𝑙𝑛(𝑡 − 2) 𝑡≠0
𝐴) →{𝑙𝑛(𝑡 − 2) → 𝑡 − 2 > 0, 𝑡 > 2}
𝑡 𝑫𝒐𝒎 𝑩 → 𝑡 ∈ < 2, +∞ >

𝐶𝑜𝑠 𝑡 √𝑡 − 1 ≠ 0 , 𝑡 − 1 > 0 , 𝑡 > 1

𝐴) → { 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡 𝑑𝑜𝑚 < −∞, +∞ > }
√𝑡 − 1 𝑫𝒐𝒎 𝑪 → 𝑡 ∈ < 1, +∞ >
𝐷𝑜𝑚 𝑓(𝑡) = 𝐷𝑜𝑚 (𝐴) ∩ 𝐷𝑜𝑚 (𝐵) ∩ 𝐷𝑜𝑚 (𝐶) = < 0, +∞ > ∩ < 2, +∞ > ∩ < 1, +∞ >
𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑢𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎 ∶ 𝐷𝑜𝑚 𝑓(𝑡) =< 2, +∞ >
II.- Determinar y describir gráficamente el rango(s) de cada una de las siguientes
funciones vectoriales:
1. 𝑔(𝑡) = ( 𝑡 2 𝑒 2𝑡 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡 , 𝑡 2 𝑒 2𝑡 𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑡 , 𝑡 2 𝑒 2𝑡 )
𝑺𝑶𝑳𝑼𝑪𝑰𝑶𝑵 ∶
𝑡 2 𝑒 2𝑡 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡 = 𝑥 → 𝑡 4 𝑒 4𝑡 𝐶𝑜𝑠 2 𝑡 = 𝑥 2
𝑡 2 𝑒 2𝑡 𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑡 = 𝑦 → 𝑡 4 𝑒 4𝑡 𝑆𝑒𝑛2 𝑡 = 𝑦 2
𝑡 2 𝑒 2𝑡 = 𝑧 → 𝑡 4 𝑒 4𝑡 = 𝑧 2
𝑡 4 𝑒 4𝑡 𝐶𝑜𝑠 2 𝑡 + 𝑡 4 𝑒 4𝑡 𝑆𝑒𝑛2 𝑡 + 𝑡 4 𝑒 4𝑡 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2
𝑡 4 𝑒 4𝑡 (𝑪𝒐𝒔𝟐 𝒕 + 𝑺𝒆𝒏𝟐 𝒕 + 1) = 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2
𝐶𝑜𝑠 2 𝑡 + 𝑆𝑒𝑛2 𝑡 = 1
𝑡 4 𝑒 4𝑡 (𝟏 + 1) = 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2
𝒕𝟒 𝒆𝟒𝒕 (2) = 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2
𝑡 4 𝑒 4𝑡 = 𝑧 2
2𝑧 2 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2
2𝑧 2 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2
0 = 𝑥2 + 𝑦2 − 𝑧2
III.- Evaluar los siguientes límites sin derivar:
𝜋
𝑡𝑔9 𝑡 − 1 5𝑡− 4 − 1
3. 𝑙𝑖𝑚
𝜋
⌊ 𝜋 , 𝜋 , 𝑙𝑛(𝑒 𝑡𝑔𝑡 ) ⌋
𝑡→
4 𝑡−4 𝑡−4

𝑺𝑶𝑳𝑼𝑪𝑰𝑶𝑵 ∶
IV.- Analizar la continuidad de las siguientes funciones en sus dominios:
𝜋𝑡
(√5𝑡 − 5)𝑆𝑒𝑛(𝑡 2 − 5𝑡)𝑆𝑒𝑐 (10) 5𝑡 − 25
, , 𝑡≠5
3. 𝐻(𝑡) = 𝑡−5 𝑆𝑒𝑛(√5𝑡 𝜋)
25 10
(− , − ) , 𝑡=5
{ 𝜋 𝜋 }
𝑺𝑶𝑳𝑼𝑪𝑰𝑶𝑵 ∶
𝐴)𝐸𝑥𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑎 𝑑𝑒 𝐿𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑠
𝜋𝑡
(√5𝑡 − 5)𝑆𝑒𝑛(𝑡 2 − 5𝑡)𝑆𝑒𝑐 (10)
𝒂 ) 𝑙𝑖𝑚
𝑡→5 𝑡−5
𝐶𝑎𝑚𝑏𝑖𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑡 − 5 = 𝑎 , 𝑑𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒 ¨𝑎¨ 𝑣𝑎 𝑎 0
𝜋𝑡
(√5𝑡 − 5)𝑆𝑒𝑛(𝑡 2 − 5𝑡)𝑆𝑒𝑐 (10)
𝑙𝑖𝑚
𝑎→0 𝑡−5
𝜋(𝑎 + 5)
(√5(𝑎 + 5) − 5)𝑆𝑒𝑛((𝑎 + 5)2 − 5(𝑎 + 5))𝑆𝑒𝑐 ( 10 )
𝑙𝑖𝑚
𝑎→0 𝑎
𝜋(𝑎 + 5)
(√5𝑎 + 25) − 5)𝑆𝑒𝑛(𝑎2 + 10𝑎 + 25 − 5𝑎 − 25))𝑆𝑒𝑐 ( 10 )
𝑙𝑖𝑚
𝑎→0 𝑎
𝜋(𝑎 + 5)
(√5𝑎 + 25) − 5)𝑆𝑒𝑛(𝑎2 + 5𝑎))𝑆𝑒𝑐 ( 10 )
𝑎 ) 𝑙𝑖𝑚
𝑎→0 𝑎
𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑜 𝑝𝑜𝑟 (𝑎 + 5) 𝑎𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑎 𝑦 (𝑎 + 5)𝑎𝑏𝑎𝑗𝑜
𝜋(𝑎 + 5)
(√5𝑎 + 25) − 5)𝑺𝒆𝒏(𝒂(𝒂 + 𝟓))𝑆𝑒𝑐 ( 10 ) (𝑎 + 5)
𝑙𝑖𝑚
𝑎→0 𝒂(𝒂 + 𝟓)
𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑥
𝐿𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡𝑒 𝑇𝑟𝑖𝑔𝑜𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑜 𝐹𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑙 ∶ 𝑙𝑖𝑚 =1
𝑡→0 𝑥

𝜋(𝑎 + 5)
𝑙𝑖𝑚(√5𝑎 + 25) − 5). 𝑆𝑒𝑐 ( ) (𝑎 + 5)
𝑎→0 10

𝜋((0) + 5)
𝑙𝑖𝑚(√5(0) + 25) − 5). 𝑆𝑒𝑐 ( ) ((0) + 5)
𝑎→0 10
5𝜋
𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑢𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎 ∶ 𝑙𝑖𝑚(5 − 5). 𝑆𝑒𝑐 ( ) (5) = 0
𝑎→0 10
 5𝑡 − 25
𝒃) 𝑙𝑖𝑚
𝑡→5 𝑆𝑒𝑛(√5𝑡 𝜋)

5 5.2√𝑡 5.2√5
𝐴𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑜 𝐻𝑜𝑠𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑙 ∶ 𝑙𝑖𝑚 = 𝑙𝑖𝑚 =
𝑡→5 √5 𝜋𝐶𝑜𝑠(√5𝑡 𝜋) 𝑡→5 √5 𝜋𝐶𝑜𝑠(√5𝑡 𝜋) √5 𝜋𝐶𝑜𝑠(√25 𝜋)
2 √𝑡
𝑪𝒐𝒔(𝟓𝝅) = −𝟏

10√𝟓 10 10
= =−
√𝟓 𝜋𝐶𝑜𝑠(5𝜋) 𝜋𝑪𝒐𝒔(𝟓𝝅) 𝜋
10
𝐵) 𝑓(5) = (0, − ) = 𝜖𝑥𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑛
𝜋

𝐶)𝑙𝑖𝑚 𝑓(𝑡) ≠ 𝑓(5)

𝑡→5

𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑢𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎 ∶ 𝐿𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑒𝑠 𝑁𝑂 𝑒𝑠 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑎.

 𝜋
𝑡𝑔9 𝑡 − 1 5𝑡− 4 − 1 𝑡𝑔𝑡 )
𝜋
4. 𝐻(𝑡) = 𝜋 , 𝜋 , 𝑙𝑛(𝑒 ,
𝑡−4 𝑡−4 4
{ (18 , 𝑙𝑛 5 , 1 ) , 𝑡 = 0}
𝑺𝑶𝑳𝑼𝑪𝑰𝑶𝑵 ∶
𝐴)𝐸𝑥𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑎 𝑑𝑒 𝐿𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑠
𝑡𝑔9 𝑡 − 1 9𝑡𝑔8 𝑡. 𝑆𝑒𝑐 2 𝑡
𝑎 ) 𝑙𝑖𝑚𝜋 𝜋 → 𝐴𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑜 𝐻𝑜𝑠𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑙𝑖𝑚𝜋
→ 𝑙𝑖𝑚𝜋
9.2 = 18
1
4 𝑡−4
𝑡→ 𝑡→ 𝑡→
4 4

𝜋 𝜋
𝑆𝑒𝑐 ( ) = √2, 𝑇𝑔 ( ) = 1
4 4

𝜋
5𝑡− 4 − 1 𝜋 𝜋
𝑏) 𝑙𝑖𝑚
𝜋 𝜋 → 𝐶𝑎𝑚𝑏𝑖𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑡 − = 𝑎 → 𝑎 + = 𝑡
𝑡→ 𝑡−4 4 4
4

5𝑎 − 1
𝑙𝑖𝑚 𝐻𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑙 → 𝑙𝑖𝑚 𝑙𝑛5 = 𝑙𝑛5
𝑎→0 𝑎 𝑎→0

𝑐) 𝑙𝑖𝑚
𝜋
𝑙𝑛(𝑒 𝑡𝑔𝑡 ) = 𝑙𝑛(𝑒) = 1
𝑡→
4

𝜋
𝐵) 𝑓 ( 4 ) = (18 , 𝑙𝑛 5 , 1 ) = 𝜖
𝜋
𝐶)𝑙𝑖𝑚𝜋 𝑓(𝑡) = 𝑓 ( 4 )
𝑡→
4

𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑢𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎 ∶ 𝐿𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑒𝑠 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑎 .

V.- Hallar la primera y segunda derivadas de las siguientes funciones:
𝑡−8 2𝑡 2
4. 𝑓(𝑡) = ( , , 𝑡2 )
𝑡+8 𝑡+1

𝑺𝑶𝑳𝑼𝑪𝑰𝑶𝑵 ∶

( (𝑡 + 8) − (𝑡 − 8)) 4𝑡(𝑡 + 1) − 2𝑡 2
𝑃𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑎 𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑑𝑎 𝑓´(𝑡) = ( , , 2𝑡 )
(𝑡 + 8)2 (𝑡 + 1)2

16 2𝑡 2 + 4𝑡
𝑓´(𝑡) = ( , , 2𝑡 )
(𝑡 + 8)2 (𝑡 + 1)2
16 32
𝑎) 2
; 2𝑑𝑎 𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑑𝑎 ∶ 16(𝑡 + 8)−2 = 16. (−2)(𝑡 + 8)−3 = −
(𝑡 + 8) (𝑡 + 8)3

2𝑡 2 + 4𝑡 (4𝑡 + 4)(𝑡 + 1)2 − 2(𝑡 + 1)(2𝑡 2 + 4𝑡 )

𝑏) ; 2𝑑𝑎 𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑑𝑎: ( )
(𝑡 + 1)2 (𝑡 + 1)4

(4𝑡 + 4)(𝑡 2 + 2𝑡 + 1) − 2(2𝑡 3 + 6𝑡 2 + 4𝑡 )

( )
(𝑡 + 1)4

(4𝑡 3 + 8𝑡 2 + 4𝑡 + 4𝑡 2 + 8𝑡 + 4) − 2(2𝑡 3 + 6𝑡 2 + 4𝑡 )
( )
(𝑡 + 1)4

(4𝑡 3 + 12𝑡 2 + 12𝑡 + 4) − (4𝑡 3 + 12𝑡 2 + 8𝑡 )

( )
(𝑡 + 1)4

4𝑡 3 + 12𝑡 2 + 12𝑡 + 4 − 4𝑡 3 − 12𝑡 2 − 8𝑡

( )
(𝑡 + 1)4
12𝑡 + 4 − 8𝑡 4𝑡 + 4 4(𝑡 + 1) 4
( 4
)→ 4
→ 4
→
(𝑡 + 1) (𝑡 + 1) (𝑡 + 1) (𝑡 + 1)3

𝑐) 2𝑡 ; 2𝑑𝑎 𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑑𝑎 ∶ 2
𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑢𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎 ∶
32 4
𝑆𝑒𝑔𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑎 𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑑𝑎 ∶ 𝑓´´(𝑡) = ( − 3
, , 2)
(𝑡 + 8) (𝑡 + 1)3
 𝑇𝑔(𝑆𝑒𝑛4𝑡 ) 𝑒 8𝑡 − 1
( , ) , 𝑡≠0
5. 𝐴𝑛𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑧𝑎𝑟 𝑠𝑖 𝑙𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝐺 (𝑡) = ( 𝑡 𝑡 )
( 4 ,8 ) , 𝑡=0
, 𝑎𝑑𝑚𝑖𝑡𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑑𝑎 𝑒𝑛 𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑢𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑡 = 0 𝑦 ℎ𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑜𝑟 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑑𝑎
𝑺𝑶𝑳𝑼𝑪𝑰𝑶𝑵 ∶
1 − 𝐸𝑛𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑠 𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑜 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑟 Continuidad ∶
𝐴)𝐸𝑥𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑎 𝑑𝑒 𝐿𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑠
𝑡𝑔(𝑆𝑒𝑛4𝑡 )
𝑎) 𝑙𝑖𝑚 → 𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑜 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑆𝑒𝑛4𝑡 𝑎𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑎 𝑦 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑆𝑒𝑛4𝑡 𝑎𝑏𝑎𝑗𝑜
𝑡→0 𝑡
𝑇𝑔(𝑆𝑒𝑛4𝑡 )𝑆𝑒𝑛4𝑡
𝑙𝑖𝑚
𝑡→0 𝑡 . 𝑆𝑒𝑛4𝑡
𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑥 𝑇𝑔𝑥
𝐿𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡𝑒𝑠 𝑇𝑟𝑖𝑔𝑜𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝐹𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠 ∶ 𝑙𝑖𝑚 =1 , 𝑙𝑖𝑚 =1
𝑡→0 𝑥 𝑡→0 𝑥

𝑻𝒈(𝑺𝒆𝒏𝟒𝒕 )𝑆𝑒𝑛4𝑡 𝑆𝑒𝑛4𝑡

𝑙𝑖𝑚 = 𝑙𝑖𝑚 → 𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑜 𝑝𝑜𝑟 4 𝑎𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑏𝑎 𝑦 4 𝑎𝑏𝑎𝑗𝑜
𝑡→0 𝑡 . 𝑺𝒆𝒏𝟒𝒕 𝑡→0 𝑡
𝑺𝒆𝒏𝟒𝒕. 4
𝑙𝑖𝑚 =4
𝑡→0 𝟒𝒕

𝑒 8𝑡 − 1 8𝑒 8𝑡
𝑏) 𝑙𝑖𝑚 → 𝐴𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑜 𝐻𝑜𝑠𝑝𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑙𝑖𝑚 =8
𝑡→0 𝑡 𝑡→0 1

𝐵) 𝑓(0) = ( 4 , 8 ) = 𝜖

𝐶)𝑙𝑖𝑚 𝑓(𝑡) = 𝑓(0)

𝑡→0

𝐴𝑛𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑧𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑠𝑎𝑏𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑒𝑠 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑎 , 𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑟 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑒𝑠 𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒
2. −𝐴𝑑𝑚𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑙𝑎 𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑑𝑎 𝑒𝑛 𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑢𝑛𝑡𝑜 0 , 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑠 𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑜 𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑙𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙
𝑇𝑔(𝑆𝑒𝑛4𝑡 ) 𝑒 8𝑡 − 1
𝐺 (𝑡) = ( , )
𝑡 𝑡
𝑇𝑔(𝑆𝑒𝑛4𝑡 ) 𝑇𝑔(𝑆𝑒𝑛4𝑡)´. 𝑡 − 𝑇𝑔(𝑆𝑒𝑛4𝑡). 𝑡´
𝑎) =
𝑡 𝑡2
4. 𝐶𝑜𝑠4𝑡. 𝑆𝑒𝑐 2 (𝑆𝑒𝑛4𝑡). 𝒕 − 𝑇𝑔(𝑆𝑒𝑛4𝑡)
𝒕𝟐
4. 𝐶𝑜𝑠4𝑡. 𝑆𝑒𝑐 2 (𝑆𝑒𝑛4𝑡) 𝑇𝑔(𝑆𝑒𝑛4𝑡)
−
𝑡 𝑡2
𝑒 8𝑡 − 1 (𝑒 8𝑡 − 1)´. 𝑡 − (𝑒 8𝑡 − 1). 𝑡´
𝑏) =
𝑡 𝑡2
(8𝑒 8𝑡 ). 𝒕 − (𝑒 8𝑡 − 1)
𝒕𝟐
(8𝑒 8𝑡 ) (𝑒 8𝑡 − 1)
−
𝑡 𝑡2
𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑢𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎 ∶
𝑃𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑎 𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑑𝑎 ∶ 𝐺´(𝑡)
4𝐶𝑜𝑠4𝑡𝑆𝑒𝑐 2 (𝑆𝑒𝑛4𝑡) 𝑇𝑔(𝑆𝑒𝑛4𝑡) (8𝑒 8𝑡 ) (𝑒 8𝑡 − 1)
=( − , − )
𝑡 𝑡2 𝑡 𝑡2
VI.- Calcular la longitud de arco de las siguientes curvas:
2. 𝑦: 𝑔(𝑡) = ( 𝑡 + √3𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑡 ,2𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡 , √3 𝑡 − 𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑡 ), 𝑑𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒 0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 4

𝑺𝑶𝑳𝑼𝑪𝑰𝑶𝑵 ∶

𝑃𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑎 𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑑𝑎 ∶ 𝑔´(𝑡) = (1 + √3𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡 , −2𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑡 , √3 − 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡 )

𝐴ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑎 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑠 ∶
𝑏
∫ ‖𝑔´(𝑡)‖ 𝑑𝑡
𝑎
4
∫ ‖𝑔´(𝑡)‖ 𝑑𝑡
0

4
2 2
∫ √(1 + √3𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡) + (−2𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑡)2 + (√3 − 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡) 𝑑𝑡
0

4
∫ √1 + 𝟐√𝟑𝑪𝒐𝒔𝒕 + 3𝐶𝑜𝑠 2 𝑡 + 4𝑆𝑒𝑛2 𝑡 + 3 − 𝟐√𝟑𝑪𝒐𝒔𝒕 + 𝐶𝑜𝑠 2 𝑡 𝑑𝑡
0
4
∫ √4𝐶𝑜𝑠 2 𝑡 + 4𝑆𝑒𝑛2 𝑡 + 3 + 1 𝑑𝑡
0
4
∫ √4(𝑪𝒐𝒔𝟐 𝒕 + 𝑺𝒆𝒏𝟐 𝒕) + 4 𝑑𝑡
0
4
∫ √4 + 4 𝑑𝑡
0
4
∫ √8 𝑑𝑡 = √8𝑡 → √8𝑡 − √8𝑡 =
0

𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑢𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎 ∶ √8. 4 − √8. 0 = 8√2𝑢

3. 𝑦: 𝑔(𝑡) = (5𝐶𝑜𝑠 3 𝑡 , 5𝑆𝑒𝑛3 𝑡)
𝑺𝑶𝑳𝑼𝑪𝑰𝑶𝑵 ∶
𝑃𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑎 𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑑𝑎 ∶ 𝑔´(𝑡) = (−15. 𝐶𝑜𝑠 2 𝑡. 𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑡 , 15, 𝑆𝑒𝑛2 𝑡. 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡)
𝐴ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑎 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑠 ∶
𝑏
∫ ‖𝑔´(𝑡)‖ 𝑑𝑔
𝑎
𝑏
∫ √(−15. 𝐶𝑜𝑠 2 𝑡. 𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑡)2 + (15, 𝑆𝑒𝑛2 𝑡. 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡)2 𝑑𝑡
𝑎
𝑏
∫ √225. 𝐶𝑜𝑠 4 𝑡. 𝑆𝑒𝑛2 𝑡 + 225. 𝑆𝑒𝑛4 𝑡. 𝐶𝑜𝑠 2 𝑑𝑡
𝑎
𝑏
∫ √225(𝐶𝑜𝑠 4 𝑡. 𝑆𝑒𝑛2 𝑡 + 𝑆𝑒𝑛4 𝑡. 𝐶𝑜𝑠 2 ) 𝑑𝑡
𝑎
𝑏
∫ √225(𝐶𝑜𝑠 2 𝑡. 𝑆𝑒𝑛2 𝑡(𝑪𝒐𝒔𝟐 𝒕 + 𝑺𝒆𝒏𝟐 𝒕) 𝑑𝑡
𝑎
𝑏
∫ √225(𝐶𝑜𝑠 2 𝑡. 𝑆𝑒𝑛2 𝑡 𝑑𝑡
𝑎
𝑏
∫ 15. 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡. 𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑑𝑡
𝑎

𝑢 = 𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑡 → 𝑑𝑢 = 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡. 𝑑𝑡
𝑏
𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡. 𝒖
15 ∫ 𝑑𝑢
𝑎 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡
𝑏
15 ∫ 𝑢 𝑑𝑢
𝑎

15. 𝑢2 15. 𝑆𝑒𝑛2 𝑡

→ 𝑅𝑒𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑧𝑜 𝑚𝑖 𝑢 = 𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑡 →
2 2
𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑢𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎 ∶
15. 𝑆𝑒𝑛2 𝑏 15. 𝑆𝑒𝑛2 𝑎
( − )𝑢
2 2
 𝐹𝑎𝑙𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑛 𝑑𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑠 , 𝑑𝑒 𝑑𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒 ℎ𝑎𝑠𝑡𝑎 𝑑𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒 𝑣𝑎 𝑚𝑖 𝑙𝑜𝑛𝑔𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑑 (𝑏) 𝑦 (𝑎)
VII.- Rectas y planos fundamentales, curvatura y torsión
2. − 𝐻𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑙𝑎 𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑜𝑠 𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑜𝑠 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠, 𝑙𝑎 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑎 𝑦 𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑠𝑖ó𝑛 𝑎 𝑙𝑎 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑣𝑎
𝑓(𝑡) = ( 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡 , 𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑡 , 𝑡 ), 𝑒𝑛 𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑢𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑡 = 𝜋
𝑺𝑶𝑳𝑼𝑪𝑰𝑶𝑵 ∶
𝑅𝑒𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑧𝑜 𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑢𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑡 = 𝜋 𝑒𝑛 𝑙𝑎 𝐹𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙: 𝑓(𝑡) = ( 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝜋 , 𝑆𝑒𝑛𝜋 , 𝜋 )
𝐶𝑜𝑠𝜋 = −1 , 𝑆𝑒𝑛𝜋 = 0 → 𝑓(𝑡) = (−1 , 0 , 𝜋 ) = ( 𝑥0 , 𝑦0 , 𝑧0 )
∗ 𝐿𝑢𝑒𝑔𝑜 𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑜 𝑙𝑎 𝐹𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑉𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙 ∶
𝑃𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑎 𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑑𝑎: (−𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑡 , 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡 , 1) → (−𝑆𝑒𝑛𝜋 , 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝜋 , 1) = ( 0, −1, 1)
𝑆𝑒𝑔𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑎 𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑑𝑎: (−𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡 , −𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑡 , 0) → (−𝐶𝑜𝑠𝜋 , −𝑆𝑒𝑛𝜋 , 0) = ( 1 , 0 , 0 )
𝑇𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑟𝑎 𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑑𝑎: (𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑡 , −𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡 , 0) → (𝑆𝑒𝑛𝜋 , −𝐶𝑜𝑠𝜋, 0) = ( 0 , 1 , 0 )
𝑨 ) 𝑃𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑜𝑠 𝐹𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠 ∶
𝑎)𝑃𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑜 𝑂𝑠𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑑𝑜𝑟 ∶

[𝑟´(𝑡) 𝑥 𝑟´´(𝑡)]
𝜋𝑂 = [(𝑥 , 𝑦 , 𝑧 ) − ( 𝑥0 , 𝑦0 , 𝑧0 )]. 𝐵𝑡𝑜 = 0 𝐵(𝑡) = ‖[𝑟´(𝑡) 𝑥 𝑟´´(𝑡)]‖

[( 0, −1, 1) 𝑥 ( 1 , 0 , 0 )]
𝐵(𝑡𝑜) =
‖[0, −1, 1) 𝑥 ( 1 , 0 , 0 ]‖

( 0, −1, 1) 𝑥 ( 1 , 0 , 0 ) = |0 −1 1
| = (0 , 1 , 1)
1 0 0
(0 , 1 , 1) (0 , 1 , 1)
𝐵(𝑡𝑜) = = 𝐵𝑇𝑜 =
‖(0 , 1 , 1)‖ √2
‖(0 , 1 , 1)‖ = √(0)2 + (1)2 + (1)2 = √2
(0 , 1 , 1)
𝜋𝑂 = [(𝑥 , 𝑦 , 𝑧 ) − (−1 , 0 , 𝜋 )]. =0
√2
𝜋𝑂 = [(𝑥 , 𝑦 , 𝑧 ) − (−1 , 0 , 𝜋 )]. (0 , 1 , 1) = 0
𝜋𝑂 = ( 𝑥 + 1 , 𝑦 , 𝑧 − 𝜋 ). (0 , 1 , 1) = 0
𝜋𝑂 = (𝑥 + 1)(0) + 𝑦(1) + (𝑧 − 𝜋)(1) = 0
𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑢𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎 ∶ 𝜋𝑂 = 𝑦 + 𝑧 − 𝜋 = 0
 𝑏)𝑃𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑜 𝑁𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙 ∶

|𝑟´(𝑡)|
𝜋𝑁 = [(𝑥 , 𝑦 , 𝑧 ) − ( 𝑥0 , 𝑦0 , 𝑧0 )]. 𝑇𝑡𝑜 = 0 𝑇(𝑡) = ‖ [𝑟´(𝑡)] ‖

( 0, −1, 1) ( 0, −1, 1)
𝑇(𝑡𝑜) = =
‖ ( 0, −1, 1) ‖ √2
‖(0 , 1 , 1)‖ = √(0)2 + (1)2 + (1)2 = √2
(0 , − 1 , 1)
𝜋𝑁 = [(𝑥 , 𝑦 , 𝑧 ) − (−1 , 0 , 𝜋 )]. =0
√2
𝜋𝑁 = [(𝑥 , 𝑦 , 𝑧 ) − (−1 , 0 , 𝜋 )]. (0 , −1 , 1) = 0
𝜋𝑁 = ( 𝑥 + 1 , 𝑦 , 𝑧 − 𝜋 ). (0 , −1 , 1) = 0
𝜋𝑁 = (𝑥 + 1 )(0) + 𝑦(−1) + (𝑧 − 𝜋 )(1) = 0
𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑢𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎 ∶ 𝜋𝑁 = −𝑦 + 𝑧 − 𝜋 = 0

𝑐) 𝑃𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑜 𝑅𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒 ∶

[𝑟´(𝑡) 𝑥 𝑟´´(𝑡)] 𝑥 𝑟´(𝑡)

𝜋𝑅 = [(𝑥 , 𝑦 , 𝑧 ) − ( 𝑥0 , 𝑦0 , 𝑧0 )]. 𝑅𝑡𝑜 = 0 𝑅(𝑡) = ‖[𝑟´(𝑡)
𝑥 𝑟´´(𝑡)] 𝑥 𝑟´(𝑡)‖

[( 0, −1, 1) 𝑥 ( 1 , 0 , 0 )] 𝑥 ( 1 , 0 , 0 )
𝑅(𝑡𝑜) =
‖[( 0, −1, 1) 𝑥 ( 1 , 0 , 0 )] 𝑥 ( 1 , 0 , 0 )‖

( 0, −1, 1) 𝑥 ( 1 , 0 , 0 ) = |0 −1 1
| = (0 , 1 , 1)
1 0 0
(0 , 1 , 1) 𝑥 ( 1 , 0 , 0 )
𝑅(𝑡𝑜) =
‖(0 , 1 , 1) 𝑥 ( 1 , 0 , 0 )‖

0 1 1
(0 , 1 , 1)𝑥 ( 1 , 0 , 0 ) = | | = (0 , 1 , −1 )
1 0 0
‖(0 , 1 , 1)‖ = √(0)2 + (1)2 + (1)2 = √2

(0 , 1 , −1 ) (0 , 1 , −1 )
𝑅(𝑡𝑜) = =
‖(0 , 1 , −1 )‖ √2
(0 , 1 , −1)
𝜋𝑅 = [(𝑥 , 𝑦 , 𝑧 ) − (−1 , 0 , 𝜋 )]. =0
√2
 𝜋𝑅 = [(𝑥 , 𝑦 , 𝑧 ) − (−1 , 0 , 𝜋 )]. (0 , 1 , −1 ) = 0
𝜋𝑅 = ( 𝑥 + 1 , 𝑦 , 𝑧 − 𝜋 ). (0 , 1 , −1 ) = 0
𝜋𝑅 = (𝑥 + 1 )(0) + 𝑦(1) + (𝑧 − 𝜋 )(−1) = 0
𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑢𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎 ∶ 𝜋𝑅 = 𝑦 − 𝑍 + 𝜋 = 0

𝑩) 𝐿𝑎 𝐶𝑢𝑟𝑣𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑎 ∶
‖𝑟´(𝑡) 𝑥 𝑟´´(𝑡)‖
𝐾(𝑡) =
‖𝑟´(𝑡)‖3
𝑃𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑎 𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑑𝑎: (−𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑡 , 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡 , 1) → (−𝑆𝑒𝑛𝜋 , 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝜋 , 1) = ( 0, −1, 1)
𝑆𝑒𝑔𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑎 𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑑𝑎: (−𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡 , −𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑡 , 0) → (−𝐶𝑜𝑠𝜋 , −𝑆𝑒𝑛𝜋 , 0) = ( 1 , 0 , 0 )

‖( 0, −1, 1) 𝑥 ( 1 , 0 , 0 )‖
𝐾(𝑡) =
‖( 0, −1, 1) ‖3

( 0, −1, 1) 𝑥 ( 1 , 0 , 0 ) = |0 −1 1
| = (0 , 1 , 1)
1 0 0
‖(0 , 1 , 1)‖
𝐾(𝑡) =
‖( 0, −1, 1) ‖3

‖(0 , 1 , 1)‖ = √(0)2 + (1)2 + (1)2 = √2

1
√2 22 1 3 1
𝐾(𝑡) = 3 = 3 = 22 . 2−2 = −
( √ 2) 2
22
1 3 1
𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑢𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎 ∶ 22 . 2−2 = − 𝑢
2
𝑪) 𝑇𝑜𝑟𝑠𝑖ó𝑛 ∶
[𝑟´(𝑡) 𝑥 𝑟´´(𝑡)]. 𝑟´´´(𝑡)
𝑇𝑜𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛(𝑡) =
‖𝑟´(𝑡) 𝑥 𝑟´´(𝑡)‖2

𝑃𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑎 𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑑𝑎: (−𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑡 , 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡 , 1) → (−𝑆𝑒𝑛𝜋 , 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝜋 , 1) = ( 0, −1, 1)

𝑆𝑒𝑔𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑎 𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑑𝑎: (−𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡 , −𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑡 , 0) → (−𝐶𝑜𝑠𝜋 , −𝑆𝑒𝑛𝜋 , 0) = ( 1 , 0 , 0 )
𝑇𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑟𝑎 𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑑𝑎: (𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑡 , −𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡 , 0) → (𝑆𝑒𝑛𝜋 , −𝐶𝑜𝑠𝜋, 0) = ( 0 , 1 , 0 )

[( 0, −1, 1) 𝑥 ( 1 , 0 , 0 )]. ( 0 , 1 , 0 )
𝑇𝑜𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛(𝑡) =
‖( 0, −1, 1) 𝑥 ( 1 , 0 , 0 )‖2

( 0, −1, 1) 𝑥 ( 1 , 0 , 0 ) = |0 −1 1
| = (0 , 1 , 1)
1 0 0
(0 , 1 , 1). ( 0 , 1 , 0 )
𝑇𝑜𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛(𝑡) =
‖(0 , 1 , 1)‖2

‖(0 , 1 , 1)‖ = √(0)2 + (1)2 + (1)2 = √2

(0 , 1 , 1). ( 0 , 1 , 0 )
𝑇𝑜𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛(𝑡) = 2
(√2)
0+1+0
𝑇𝑜𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛(𝑡) =
2
1
𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑢𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎 ∶ 𝑢
2
 𝑡
8 − 𝐷𝑎𝑑𝑎 𝑙𝑎 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑣𝑎  𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑎 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑙𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝐺(𝑡) = ( 𝑡𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡 , 𝑡𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑡 , 2𝜋),
1
𝐶𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑇 , 𝑁 , 𝐵 𝑒𝑛 𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑢𝑛𝑡𝑜 P0 (−𝜋 , 0 , 2) , 𝑠𝑖 0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 𝜋

1
𝑅𝑒𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑧𝑜 𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑢𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑃𝑜 (−𝜋 , 0 , ) 𝑒𝑛 𝑙𝑎 𝐹𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙: 𝐺(𝑡)
2
𝑡
= ( 𝑡𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡 , 𝑡𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑡 , )
2𝜋
𝑡𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡 = −𝜋 → 𝒕 = 𝝅
𝑡𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑡 = 0 → 𝒕 = 𝝅
𝑡 1
= →𝒕= 𝝅
2𝜋 2
𝒕= 𝝅

𝐶𝑜𝑠𝜋 = −1 , 𝑆𝑒𝑛𝜋 = 0

1 1
𝑃𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑎 𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑑𝑎: (𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡 − 𝑡. 𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑡 , 𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑡 + 𝑡. 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡 , ) = (−1, −𝜋, )
2𝜋 2𝜋
𝑆𝑒𝑔𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑎 𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑑𝑎: (−2𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑡 − 𝑡. 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡 ,2𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡 − 𝑡. 𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑡 ,0 ) = (1, −2, 0 )
[𝑟´(𝑡) 𝑥 𝑟´´(𝑡)]
𝐴) 𝐵(𝑡) =
‖[𝑟´(𝑡) 𝑥 𝑟´´(𝑡)]‖

1 1
( 𝜋 , 2𝜋 , 2 + 𝜋)
𝐵(𝑡) =
‖[𝑟´(𝑡) 𝑥 𝑟´´(𝑡)]‖

|𝑟´(𝑡)|
𝐵) 𝑇(𝑡) =
‖ [𝑟´(𝑡)] ‖
 [𝑟´(𝑡) 𝑥 𝑟´´(𝑡)] 𝑥 𝑟´(𝑡)
𝐶) 𝑅(𝑡) =
‖[𝑟´(𝑡) 𝑥 𝑟´´(𝑡)] 𝑥 𝑟´(𝑡)‖
5 − 𝑆𝑖 ∝∶ 𝑒𝑠 𝑢𝑛𝑎 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑣𝑎 𝑑𝑒𝑠𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑎 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑙𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑖ó𝑛:
4 3
𝐺(𝑡) = ( 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡 , 1 − 𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑡 , − 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡)
5 5

𝐶𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑇 , 𝑁 , 𝐵 𝑦 𝑙𝑎 𝑒𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑜𝑠 𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑜𝑠 𝐹𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑒𝑛 𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑢𝑛𝑡𝑜

P0 (0,2 ,0)
𝑺𝑶𝑳𝑼𝑪𝑰𝑶𝑵:
4 3
𝑇(𝑡) = 𝐺(𝑡)´ = (− 5 𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑡 , −𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡 , 5 𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑡)

4 3
𝑁(𝑡) = 𝐺(𝑡´) (5 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡 , 1 − 𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑡 , − 5 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡)

4 3𝜋
𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡 = 0 , 𝑡 =
5 2
3𝜋
1 − 𝑆𝑒𝑛𝑡 , 𝑡 =
2
3 3𝜋
− 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡 , 𝑡 =
5 2
⃗ = 𝑇
𝐵 ⃗ 𝑥𝑁
⃗
3𝜋 4 3
𝑇( ) = 𝐺(𝑡)´ = ( , 0 , − )
2 5 5
3𝜋
𝑁( ) = 𝐺(𝑡)´ = (0, −1 , 0)
2
4 3
3𝜋 ( , 0 , − ) 𝑋(0, −1 , 0)
𝐵 ( ) = ⃗𝑇 𝑥 ⃗𝑁
⃗ = 5 5
2 ⃗ 𝑥𝑁
‖𝑇 ⃗⃗ ‖

3𝜋 3 4
𝐵( ) = ⃗𝑇 𝑥 ⃗𝑁
⃗ = (− , 0 , − )
2 5 5
𝑎)𝑃𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑜 𝑂𝑠𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑑𝑜𝑟 ∶

[𝑟´(𝑡) 𝑥 𝑟´´(𝑡)]
𝜋𝑂 = [(𝑥 , 𝑦 , 𝑧 ) − ( 𝑥0 , 𝑦0 , 𝑧0 )]. 𝐵𝑡𝑜 = 0 𝐵(𝑡) = ‖[𝑟´(𝑡) 𝑥 𝑟´´(𝑡)]‖

3 4
𝐵(𝑡𝑜) = ( − , 0 , − )
5 5
3 4
𝜋𝑂 = [(𝑥 , 𝑦 , 𝑧 ) − (0 , 2 ,0 )]. (− , 0 , − ) = 0
5 5
3 4
𝜋𝑂 = (𝑥 , 𝑦 − 2 , 𝑧 ). (− , −0 , − ) = 0
5 5
 𝜋𝑂 = 𝑥(−3/5 ) + (𝑦 − 2)(0) + 𝑧(−4/5) = 0
3𝑥 4
𝜋𝑂 = − − 𝑧=0
5 5
𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑢𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎 ∶ 𝜋𝑂 = 3𝑥 + 4𝑧 = 0
𝑏) 𝑃𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑜 𝑅𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒 ∶

[𝑟´(𝑡) 𝑥 𝑟´´(𝑡)] 𝑥 𝑟´(𝑡)

𝜋𝑅 = [(𝑥 , 𝑦 , 𝑧 ) − ( 𝑥0 , 𝑦0 , 𝑧0 )]. 𝑁𝑡𝑜 = 0 𝑅(𝑡) = ‖[𝑟´(𝑡)
𝑥 𝑟´´(𝑡)] 𝑥 𝑟´(𝑡)‖

3𝜋
𝑁( ) = 𝐺(𝑡)´ = (0, −1 , 0)
2
𝜋𝑅 = [(𝑥 , 𝑦 , 𝑧 ) − (0 , 2 ,0 )]. (0, −1 , 0) = 0
𝜋𝑅 = (𝑥 , 𝑦 − 2 , 𝑧 ). (0, −1 , 0) = 0
𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑢𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎 ∶ 𝜋𝑅 = 𝑦 = 2
𝑐)𝑃𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑜 𝑁𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙 ∶

|𝑟´(𝑡)|
𝜋𝑁 = [(𝑥 , 𝑦 , 𝑧 ) − ( 𝑥0 , 𝑦0 , 𝑧0 )]. 𝑇𝑡𝑜 = 0 𝑇(𝑡) = ‖ [𝑟´(𝑡)] ‖

3𝜋 4 3
𝑇( ) = 𝐺(𝑡)´ = ( , 0 , − )
2 5 5
4 3
𝜋𝑁 (𝑡) = [(𝑥 , 𝑦 , 𝑧 ) − (0 , 2 ,0 )]. ( , 0 , − ) = 0
5 5
4 3
𝜋𝑁 = (𝑥 , 𝑦 − 2 , 𝑧 ). ( , 0 , − ) = 0
5 5
4𝑥 3
𝜋𝑁 = − 𝑧
5 5
𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑢𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑎 ∶ 𝜋𝑁 = 4𝑥 − 3𝑧 = 0