32.

1 -c {F(O) = J- e - “ F ( t ) d t = f ( s )
0

En general f(s) existe cuando 8 > a donde a es cierta constante. .C es llamado el operador de la transformada de
LClPltIW.

S i 4 {F(t)) = f(s), entonces F(t) = 4-l {f(8)} es la transformada inuersa de Laplace de f(s).<-‘es llamado
el operador de la transformado inversa de Laplace.

La transformada inversa de Laplace de f(s) puede encontrarse directamente por los métodos de la teoria de las va-
riables complejas. El resultado es

donde c ha de escogerse de tal manera que todos los puntos singulares de f(s) caigan a la izquierda de la linea
Re{s} = o en el plano complejo s.

161
162 TRANSFORMADAS DE LAPLACE

fbl F(t)

32.3 aflb) + bf&) aF,(t) + bF,W

32.4 f W4 a F(at)

fb - 4 eat F ( t )

F(t-a) t>a
32.6 V(t--a) = o t<a

32.7 8 f(s) - F(O) F’(t)

32.8 62 f (6) - 8 F(O) - F’(O) F”(t)

32.9 .g’f(r) - P-lF(0) - sn4’F’(O) - *. . - Fc”-1) (0) F(“)(t)

32.ia f’cd -t F(t)

32.11 f”(4 t2 F(t)

B2.12 f’“‘W (-1)“t” F(t)

t
12.13 f o F(u) du
8 s0

12.14 f(8)
t F(u) du” = t~(t - 4”-1 F(u) du
-G- so ( n - l ) !

t
f(s) B(S) F(u) G(t - u) du
s0
 T R A N S F O R M A D A S D E LAPLACE 163

f(8) F(t)

Os f w du
I

T
1
e-m F(u) du F(t) = F(t + 2’)
1 - emrTso

&Jye -12’~~ F(u) du

&f(l/d t-12 s m ~“‘2J,(B\/Ut)

0
F(u) du

I
t
fb + 11.9
82 +1 s0 Jo (Z\/u(t_u) ) F(u) du

1-
u-212 e-2í4u f(u) du
s
%O

f(ln
slns

P(6) = polinomio de grado inferior a n,

Q(6) = (6 - 1x,)(8 - cY3 * ’ ’ (6 -Ud

donde q, q, . . . , (1,, son todas distintas.
164 TRANSFORMADAS DE LAPLACE

fc4 F(t)

32.25 -s 1 1

32.26 1
t
8i

32.27 r,1 n = 1,2,3 ,... tn-1

(n- O!=l

32.28 1 tn-1
n>O
P Un)

32.29 1 4
S-U

32.30 (8 Ia,. n = 1,2,3, . ., (n-

tu-1 ,at O!=l

tn-1 ,at
32.31 n>O
(*‘a,n
r(n)

32.32 1 sen at
82 + a* a

32.33 8
CO8 at
s2 + a2

32.34 ebt sen at

(8 - bi* + a* a

32.35 s - b
ebt cos at
(8 - b)* + a*

32.36 1 senh at
s2 - a2 a

32.37 8 cosh at
s2 - a*

32.38 bt* t+t senhat

(8 - - a2 a
 TRANSFORMADAS DE LAPLACE 165

f(e) F(t)
1
8-b
32.39 ebt cosh at
(8 - b)* - u*

1 ,bt - ,at
32.40 (s - a)(s - b) a#b b-a

32.41
I 8
(8 - a)(s - b)
a#b
I
bebt - a@t
b-a

1 senat - at co8 at
32.42
(82 + a*)* 2aJ

* t sen at
32.43
(82 + a*)* 2a

82 senat + rtcosat
32.44
(82 + a2)2 2a

ti
32.45 coa at - *at sen at
(82 + a*)*

n2 - a*
32.46
I (82 + a*)* t cos at

at cosh at - senhat
32.47
2aJ

8 t senhat
32.48
(82 - ay 20

32.49
82 senhat + at cosh at
( 12 - a*)* 20

z
32.50 coeh at + +at senh at
(82 - a*)”

32.51
I ~3% + a*
(82 - a*)* t cosh at

32.52
1 (3 - t+W) sen at - 3at cos at
8a5

t sen at - ats cos at

32.53
(82 f aqs I 8as
l

32.54
(82 +(12 d)5 I 8aJ
(1 + a*ts) sen at - at cos at

ti 3t sen at + ats eos at

32.55
(82 + a2)* 8a
166 TRANSFORMADAS DE LAPLACE

f(8) F(t)

84 (3 - aW) sen at + Sat CO6 at

B2.56 8a
(82 + a*p

85 (8 - &t*) cos at - 7at sen at

B2.57 (82 + a*y 8

382 - a* ?2 senat
12.58 (82+ a2p 2a

3 - 3a*8
32.59
(82 + ay
*t* CO6 a t

o4 - 6a28* + a4
32.60 +t” coa at
(62 + dq4
I

d - a4 t as e n at
32.61
(6* + tI*)’ 24a

1 (3 + &t*) senh at - 3at cosh at

32.61
(6* - U*)> 8d

8 at* cosh at - t senh at

32.63
(6* - a*)* 8aa

at cosh at + (tc*tz - 1) senh at

32.64
8a8

z 3 t senh a t + .t* cosh a t

32.66
(6* - U*)’ 8a

d (3 + a*t*) senh at + Sat cosh at

32.64
(6* - a*)’ 8a

(8 + dLt*) cosh at + ‘7at senh tzt

32.61
8

32.61
382 + a* t* senh ut
(82 - .*y 2a

66+3d6
32.6%
(89 - u2)’ &t* cosh at
- -
d + 6d6= + tZ4
32.7( itacosh a t
(62 - ~34

ti + a b 19 senhat
32.71
(82 - d)4 24 a

1 fiat
32.7: CO6 - + *-aah</*
P + as 2
 T R AN S F O R M AD AS D E LAPLACE 167

I f(s) I F(t)

1 fiat
32.74 3 e- & + 24’2 cos-
I ( 2 >

1
32.75
83 - aS
l

8
32.76
83 - aJ
I

32.77 - 82 - 1 \r3 at
s3 - aa 3 eot + 2t?-af’2 cos-
( 2 >

32.78
&( sen at cosh at - cos at senh at)
sen at senhat
32.79
2a2

32.80
82
ti + 4a4 ka( senat cosh at + cos at senh at)

83
32.81
84 + 4d eos at cosh at
I

32.82 &(senhat - senat)

32.83 gz(cosh at - cos at)

I

32.84 &(scnhot + se nat)

32.85
8s
# cosh at + cos at)
Sr - a*
e-bt - e-at
32.86
&\Is+b 2(b - a) \l;;is

1
32.87
8&TF-c

32.88 e” fer &ii

&(gl- a) Ib

1
32.89 ~9: ‘-b ebzt Ccer (bfi)
ca+b \/;;I >
168 TRANSFORMADAS DE LAPLACE

32.90

32.91 Io W

32.92 (m-s)= n>-l

a” J, (at)
d2-T-z

32.93 (8 - 6=,” n > -1

an I, (at)
\/82-az
32.94 eb:a- \/a’+o’)
JoCa-)
dFT2

e-bm J, (am ) t>b

32.95
lrzT2 0 t<b

32.96 1 t JI (4
(82 + a2)3/* a

32.97 8
(s* + a2)s’* t Jo (4

32.98 62
(82 + a*)3/2 J,(d) - atJ,(at)

32.99 1 tI, 04
- ,2)2,2
(82 a

32.100 s
(82 - aZ)S/Z t L3 (4

32.101 (#2 $)w2

Zo(at) + atll(at)

32.102 - =
6(e’1 -
-
1) s(l-e-1
e-a) F(t) = ti, n 5 t < 1~ + 1 , A = 0, 1,2, . . .

Véase además 32.165.

32.103 1 e-’ rt1

-=
#(eS -r) s(1 -Te-*) W) = ,ZI vk
d o n d e [t] = má x i mo e nt e ro 5 t

- -
32.104 -eS =
s(e* - 17) 8(1 1- r e e-*
- * ) F(t) = V”, n 5 t < 12 + 1, n = 0,1,2, . . .

Véase además 32.167.

 TRANSFORMADAS DE LAPLACE 169

32.106

WP
t
32.107
a
J,cm)
(3

,-&4t
32.108

a
32.109 - ,-0 ’/4 t
2G

32.110 fer (a/Zfi)

0

*-06
32.111 fcer (a/2\/t)
a

pldi
32.112 eb(bt+o) fcer (bfi + -$)
&(di+ b)

32.113

@-bt - a -d
32.114
t

In [(P + a*)/a*]
32.115 Ic (at)
2lt

In [ta+ a)/a]
32.116 le (at)
a

32.117 (Y + l n 8) In t
*
y = constante de Euler = 0,5772156

2 kos at - cos btl

32.118
t 0

32.119 In* t

y = constante de Euler = 0,5772156

32.120 In a
- - (In t + y)
8
y = constante de Euler = 0.5772156

In*
- a
32.121
8
(In t + y)* - *“2

y = constmte de Euler = 0.5772156.

170 TRANSFORMADAS DE LAPLACE

I f(s) I F(t)
r’(n+l)-r(n+l)Ins
gnt1 12 > - 1

tan-l (afs)
32.124
8
I
,-At
32.125
dz

32.126 es2’40a fcer (sl2a) 2a -zp

-e
ti

es*‘4a* fcer (s/2a)

32.127
8
fer (at)
I

e” fcer&
32.128
fi

1
32.129 e- le(as)
I t + a

32.131 senaa{;- Is( + c o s a s Ic

32.132 cosas{~- Zs(ar)} -‘senas Ic

tan-1 (t/a)
s

32.133 sentlU{i- Is( + COSa IC t* + u2

$1” --g-
( >
8

32.134
I

32.135 0 Y(t) = función nula

32.136 1 a(t) = función delta

32.137 e-0, 6(t - a)

32.138 e-os
II u(t -4

Véase además 32.163.

 TRANSFORMADAS DE LAPLACE 171

fb) F(t)

senh 8% n?rx nut

3 2 .1 3 9 8 senh sa s e n - CO8 7
a

senhsx
3 2 .1 4 0
s cosh aa
I

cosh m
32.141
s senh MI

cosh 8%
32.142
8 cosh sa

senh 8%
3 2 .1 4 3
8* senh sa
I I

senh sz
3 2 .1 4 4
82 cosh sa

cosh 32
3 2 .1 4 5 eosy(l - ,,,y)
82 senh sa

cosh sz
3 2 .1 4 6
132 cosh 3a

cosh 8% #tz+x2-a2) - ‘6aZ 5 (-1)” (2n - l)nx (2% - l)d

3 2 .1 4 7
s3 cosh ea ?? n=l -cosZa
(2n-1)3 cos- 2a

senh z\/s
3 2 .1 4 8
I senh afi I

cosh xfi (2n - 1)az

32.149 ;‘*jl (-1)~1 (zn _ 1) e-(2rr-l>‘n*t/4a*
cosh a\/8 cos --si-

senh x\/s
3 2 .1 5 0
I fi cosh afa l

cosh xfi nnx

32.151 cosy
\Ts senh afi

?tPX
3 2 .1 5 2 sen7
-

32.153

32.154 senh q& $ +?$ 5 q(1 - e-“%‘t/o’) nax

sena
82 senh afi ?t=,

cosh zfi
.3 2 . 1 5 5 -(2n-lWt/4o’ cosik.pE

I
82 cosh a6 l
L
172 TRANSFORMADAS DE LAPLACE

f(8)

m c-~:~J~’ Jo(x,xla)
1-2x
12.156
+X=1 b, J~(htl
donde X1, As, . . . son las raíces positivas de Jo(k) = 0

Jo (,\ys) )(x*-a9 + t i- 2a2 5

e-h* J, (h,zla)
32.157
82 Jo (iafi ) ll=1 x:J, 04
donde X1, X2, . . . son las raíces positivas de Jo(A) = 0

Función de onda triangular

32.158 --&anh y
0
::. 6a
20 40
Fig. 32-l

Función de onda cuadrada

3 2 .1 5 9 ;tanll 0
f
Fig. 32-2

Función de onda senoidal rectificada

3 2 .1 6 0 &&sco~ 0
y
lEl¿=k
0 Po 2a
Fig. 32-3

Función de onda senoidal semi-rectificada

W)
I

32.161

‘Ot
a 2a 2a 40

Fig. 32-4

Función de onda en diente de sierra

3 2 .1 6 2

Fig. 32-5
 TRANSFORMADAS DE LAPLACE 173

f(s) F(t)
Función unitaria de Heaviside T((t -u)

e-as
3 2 .1 6 3
s

Véase además 32.138.

Fig. 32-6

Función de pulsaciones

32.164

ot.
Fig. 32-7

Función escalonada

1
32.165
s(1 -e-y
Véase además 32.102.
(1 Ja 4a
F’ig. 32-8

F(t) = &, n 5 t < 72 + 1, n = 0, 1,2, .

F(t)
4i 4
3- l
1 2 .1 6 6 2 1

1 I

Fig. 32-9

F(t) = r”, n~t<n+l,n=0,1,2 ,...

1 - e-a
1 2 .1 6 7
~(1 - r e - * )
Véase además 32.104. 0' t
1 2 3
Fig. 32-10

aa(1 + e - q
;2.168
uw + 7?

Fig. 32-11