PROBLEMA VIGA CIRCULAR

Se tiene una viga circular de diámetro 𝐷 = 30 𝑐𝑚, cuya disposición de aceros se muestra en la
siguiente figura. Calcular la resistencia a la flexión, sabiendo que se tienen los datos siguientes:

𝐴𝑆 = 2 ∅ 3/4 y 3 ∅ 7/8 , 𝑓′𝐶 = 210 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 , 𝑓𝑦 = 4200 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2

𝐷 = 30 𝑐𝑚 , ℎ′ = 6.73 , ℎ1 = 18.86 , ℎ2 = 25

SOLUCION

𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑠 ∅ 3/4" → 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑑𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 2.85 𝑐𝑚2

𝑏𝑎𝑟𝑟𝑖𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑠 ∅ 7/8" → 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑑𝑒 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑐𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 3.88 𝑐𝑚2

𝑅−𝑎 𝑅−𝑎
cos 𝜃 =
𝑅
→ 𝜃 = cos−1 ( 𝑅
)

AREA DE ZONA DE COMPRESION:

𝜃 2 𝜃
𝐴𝑐 = 𝑅 − (𝑅 − 𝑎) (𝑅 sin )
2 2
𝜃 2 𝑎 𝜃
𝐴𝑐 = 𝑅 − 𝑅 2 (1 − ) sin
2 𝑅 2

𝜃 𝑅−𝑎 𝜃
𝐴𝑐 = [ − ( ) sin ] 𝑅 2
2 𝑅 2
𝜃 𝜃 𝜃
𝐴𝑐 = [ − sin cos ] 𝑅 2
2 2 2
𝜃 sin 𝜃 2
𝐴𝑐 = [ − ]𝑅
2 2
 𝑅2
𝐴𝑐 = [𝜃 − sin 𝜃 ]
2
CALCULO DE DEFORMACIONES

𝜖′𝑠 𝑐 − 6.73 6.73 6.73

= → 𝜖′𝑠 = 𝜖𝑢 (1 − ) → 𝜖′𝑠 = 0.003 (1 − )
𝜖𝑢 𝑐 𝑐 𝑐

𝜖𝑠1 18.86 − 𝑐 18.86 18.86

= → 𝜖𝑠 = 𝜖𝑢 ( − 1) → 𝜖𝑠 = 0.003 ( − 1)
𝜖𝑢 𝑐 𝑐 𝑐

𝜖𝑠1 25 − 𝑐 25 25
= → 𝜖𝑠 = 𝜖𝑢 ( − 1) → 𝜖𝑠 = 0.003 ( − 1)
𝜖𝑢 𝑐 𝑐 𝑐

𝑓𝑦 4200
𝜖𝑦 = = = 0.0021
𝐸𝑠 2 × 106

PRIMER TANTEO

Para 𝑐 = 14 𝑐𝑚 → 𝑎 = 0.85𝑐 = 11.9 𝑐𝑚

Calculando area de compresion

15 − 11.09
𝜃 = cos−1 ( ) = 1.31 𝑟𝑎𝑑 = 74.89°
15

152
𝐴𝑐 = [1.31 − sin 74.89] = 38.76 𝑐𝑚2
2
6.73
𝜖′𝑠 = 0.003 (1 − ) = 0.00156 < 𝜖𝑦 = 0.0021
14
18.86
𝜖𝑠1 = 0.003 ( − 1) = 0.00104 < 𝜖𝑦 = 0.0021
14
25
𝜖𝑠2 = 0.003 ( − 1) = 0.00236 > 𝜖𝑦 = 0.0021
14

Calculo de esfuerzos:

𝑓′𝑠 = 𝜖′𝑠 𝐸𝑠 = 0.00156 × 2 × 106 = 3120 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2

𝑓𝑠1 = 𝜖𝑠1 𝐸𝑠 = 0.00104 × 2 × 106 = 2080 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2

𝑓𝑠2 = 𝑓𝑦 = 4200 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2

Fuerzas:

𝑐′𝑠 = 𝐴′𝑠 𝑓′𝑠 = 2 × 2.85 × 3120 = 17784

𝑐1 = 38.76 × 0.85 × 210 = 6919

𝑇1 = 𝐴𝑠1 𝑓𝑠 = 2 × 3.88 × 1800 = 13968

 𝑇2 = 𝐴𝑠2 𝑓𝑠 = 3.88 × 4200 = 19296

𝑐 = 𝑐′𝑠 + 𝑐1 = 24703

𝑇 = 𝑇1 + 𝑇2 = 33264

𝑅 = 𝑇 − 𝐶 = 33264 − 24703 = 8561 𝑘𝑔

SEGUNDO TANTEO

Para 𝑐 = 15 𝑐𝑚 → 𝑎 = 0.85𝑐 = 12.75 𝑐𝑚

Calculando 𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑑𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛

15 − 12.75
𝜃 = cos−1 ( ) = 1.42 𝑟𝑎𝑑 = 81.37°
15

152
𝐴𝑐 = [1.42 − sin 81.37] = 48.52 𝑐𝑚2
2
6.73
𝜖′𝑠 = 0.003 (1 − ) = 0.00165 > 𝜖𝑦 = 0.0021
15
18.86
𝜖𝑠1 = 0.003 ( − 1) = 0.00077 < 𝜖𝑦 = 0.0021
15
25
𝜖𝑠2 = 0.003 ( − 1) = 0.00200 < 𝜖𝑦 = 0.0021
15

Calculo de esfuerzos:

𝑓′𝑠 = 𝜖′𝑠 𝐸𝑠 = 0.00165 × 2 × 106 = 3300 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2

𝑓𝑠1 = 𝜖𝑠1 𝐸𝑠 = 0.00077 × 2 × 106 = 1540𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2

𝑓𝑠2 = 𝜖𝑠2 𝐸𝑠 = 0.00200 × 2 × 106 = 4000 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2

Fuerzas:

𝑐′𝑠 = 𝐴′𝑠 𝑓′𝑠 = 2 × 2.85 × 3300 = 18810

𝑐1 = 48.52 × 0.85 × 210 = 8661

𝑇1 = 𝐴𝑠1 𝑓𝑠1 = 2 × 3.88 × 1540 = 11950

𝑇2 = 𝐴𝑠2 𝑓𝑠2 = 3.88 × 4000 = 15520

𝑐 = 𝑐′𝑠 + 𝑐1 = 27471

𝑇 = 𝑇1 + 𝑇2 = 27470

𝑅 = 𝑇 − 𝐶 = 27470 − 27471 = −1𝑘𝑔

Se tiene un resultado casi exacto 𝑅 = 𝑇 − 𝐶 = −1 ≅ 0 𝑘𝑔, por lo tanto, proseguiremos con el
calculo de resistencia.

RESISTENCIA DE LA SECCION

𝑐′𝑠 = 18810 𝑘𝑔

𝑐1 = 8661 𝑘𝑔

𝑇 = 27470 𝑘𝑔

𝑐 ′ 𝑠 × 𝑏𝑟𝑎𝑧𝑜 = 18810 × (ℎ2 − ℎ′ ) = 18810 × (25 − 6.73) = 18810 × 18.27 = 343659

𝑎
𝑐1 × 𝑏𝑟𝑎𝑧𝑜 = 8661 × (ℎ2 − ) = 8661 × (25 − 6.38) = 8661 × 18.62 = 161268
2

𝑀′𝑢 = 504927 𝑘𝑔 − 𝑐𝑚

𝑀𝑢 = 𝜙𝑀′𝑢 = 0.9 × 5.05 = 4.55 𝑇 − 𝑚

El momento que resise la viga es 𝟒. 𝟓𝟓 𝑻 − 𝒎