COLEGIO DE LENGUAS EXTRANJERAS INGLS

REA 4 HUMANIDADES Y ARTES

Grado: 4 Clave: 1407 Plan: 96

GUA DE ESTUDIO
LENGUA EXTRANJERA INGLS IV

Autores: Guadalupe E. Carballo Riva Palacio

Ana Mara Cuevas Cant
Yolanda Reyes Bernab
Silvia G. Ruiz Ramos

Revisin 2011: Gloria Irma Castro Calderas

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AUTNOMA DE MXICO

Escuela Nacional Preparatoria
Directora General: Mtra. Silvia E. Jurado Cullar
Secretario Acadmico: Bil. Alejandro Martnez Prez

Diseo de portada: DCV. Cintia Amador Saloma

Actualizacin de la edicin: DCG. Edgar Rafael Franco Rodrguez
4 edicin: 2011
Universidad Nacional Autnoma de Mxico
Escuela Nacional Preparatoria
Direccin General
Adolfo Prieto 722, Col. Del Valle
C. P. 03100, Mxico, D. F.
Impreso en Mxico

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 PRESENTACIN

La Escuela Nacional Preparatoria ha trabajado durante casi 145 aos en la formacin de

jvenes llenos de ideales y metas por cumplir, con deseos de superacin y
comprometidos con su pas, a quienes tenemos que guiar y conducir hacia el logro de sus
xitos acadmicos, factores que reforzarn su seguridad personal.

Las herramientas que adquieran los estudiantes, durante esta etapa escolar, sern
fundamentales, columna vertebral que sostenga sus estudios profesionales, con lo que el
desarrollo de habilidades y actitudes se ver reflejado en su futuro prximo.

Es nuestra responsabilidad dotar a los alumnos de todos los materiales didcticos que
ayuden a enfrentar los retos de adquisicin del aprendizaje, para que continen con sus
estudios de manera organizada, armnica y persistente.

Por lo mismo, los profesores que integran esta dependencia universitaria, trabajan de
manera colegiada; ponen toda su energa en desarrollar las Guas de estudio para
aquellos alumnos que, por cualquier razn, necesitan presentar un examen final o
extraordinario y requieren elementos de apoyo para aprobarlos y concluir sus estudios
en la Preparatoria.

La presente Gua de estudio es un elemento didctico que facilita la enseanza y el

aprendizaje. Se puede utilizar de manera autodidacta o con la ayuda de los muchos
profesores que a diario brindan asesoras en cada uno de los planteles de la Escuela
Nacional Preparatoria.

Continuaremos buscando ms y mejores elementos didcticos: presenciales y en lnea,

con el objetivo de ayudar a nuestros alumnos a que aprueben y egresen del bachillerato.

Slo me resta desearles xito en su camino personal y profesional.

Juntos por la Escuela Nacional Preparatoria.

Mtra. Silvia E. Jurado Cullar

Directora General

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 NDICE
Prlogo .............................................................................................................................5

Unidad 1. Usar el ingls para aprender ms ingls ...................................................... 6

Unidad 2. Saludar y presentarse.................................................................................... 9

Unidad 3. Localizar lugares..........................................................................................15

Unidad 4. Relaciones familiares ...................................................................................26

Unidad 5. Describir rutinas y preferencias .................................................................. 30

Unidad 6. Describir las actividades realizadas en el momento .................................. 36

Unidad 7. Hacer planes .................................................................................................41

Unidad 8. La hora y el clima ..........................................................................................46

Unidad 9. Ir de compras ................................................................................................51

Unidad 10. Platicar acerca del pasado ......................................................................... 58

Respuestas a los ejercicios de prctica y autoevaluacin ......................................... 72

Bibliografa .....................................................................................................................80

Examen modelo .............................................................................................................81

Respuestas examen modelo .........................................................................................88

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 PRLOGO
La presente gua est dirigida a ti, alumno, y tiene como objetivo principal ayudarte
para la preparacin de tu examen extraordinario de ingls. Por favor, sigue las
recomendaciones que sta te brinda y dedcale el tiempo suficiente para su estudio.
Esta gua est diseada para darte oportunidad de practicar, en forma adicional, las
estructuras y funciones que viste a lo largo del curso.
Esta gua sirve tambin como refuerzo de lo visto en clase y, sobre todo, para
prepararte para tu examen extraordinario. Los ejercicios que se incluyen son slo
ejemplos, y no reactivos que aparecen en los exmenes.
Probablemente, te enfrentes a ciertas problemticas como: comprensin de
vocabulario, de gramtica, etc., por lo cual te sugerimos consultar la bibliografa
mencionada al final de esta gua, un buen diccionario o solicitar ayuda de un profesor
de Ingls.

La gua consta de:

una introduccin en cada unidad donde sabrs lo que se espera que realices
una explicacin gramatical de cada uno de los temas que conforman el
programa
actividades con ejercicios parecidos a los que encontrars en el examen
extraordinario, los que te ayudarn al logro de los aprendizajes esperados de
manera autnoma y eficiente
ejercicios de autoevaluacin con un examen modelo que te permitirn
conocer tu grado de avance en el conocimiento de la lengua inglesa, y saber
que es lo que necesitas reforzar o repasar para poder aprobar tu examen
ligas a las que podrs tener acceso para que puedas ampliar tu informacin o
reforzarla de manera independiente
bibliografa de consulta
hoja de respuestas para todos los ejercicios incluidos al final de esta gua

Te deseamos mucha suerte en esta tarea que hoy emprendes y esperamos que
adems de prepararte para el examen te vuelvas autnomo, independiente y
autorregulado en tu manera de aprender, lo que te ayudar en tu vida futura

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 UNIDAD 1
USAR EL INGLS PARA APRENDER MS INGLS

Introduccin

A la tierra que fueres haz lo que vieres.

Cuando ests en la clase de Ingls, desde el primer da, lo ideal es comunicarte en la lengua
que ests aprendiendo, para esto es conveniente conocer las estructuras, el vocabulario y
los usos comunicativos de este idioma. En esta unidad intercambiars informacin que te
permita aprender ms acerca del mismo.

Objetivo general: Usars e intercambiars informacin sobre las expresiones ms comunes

y tiles para comunicarte efectivamente en el saln de clase.

Objetivo Especfico:
En esta unidad aprenders a estructurar preguntas para pedir, por ejemplo, el
significado de palabras que desconoces:

Contenidos lingsticos (muestra de vocabulario y expresiones):

Estas son algunas expresiones que escuchars en clase

Open your book to page 2.

Close your book, please.
Look at page (number) / Look at unit (number)
Listen (to the tape / CD)
Say the word
Spell, please.
Repeat, please.
Please, go to the board.
Take out a pencil.
Work in pairs / Work in groups.
Check with your partner.

Algunas expresiones que puedes usar en clase.

Could you speak more slowly?
How do you spell that?
Excuse me, could you repeat that, please?
How do you say in English?
What does mean? / Whats the meaning of in Spanish?
How do you pronounce this word?
Im sorry. I dont understand. Im sorry. Im not sure.
Could you repeat that, please?
Can you play the tape / CD again, please?
What page are you on?
Whats this / that?
Whats the difference between bitter and better?
Excuse me, may I come in?

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EJERCICIOS DE PRCTICA

I. Completa el siguiente dilogo:

Teacher: Hello, my name is Miss Taylor. Im your English teacher.

How are you?
Students: 1. ___________________

Teacher: Whats your name?

Student: 2. ____________________.

Teacher: Excuse me, 3 _______ you ________ your last name, please?

Student: Sure. R-y-a-n.

Teacher: Thank you, Paul. Come 4 ___________and write the next sentence.

Student: Im sorry. 5 __________________. Can you speak more slowly, please?

Teacher: Yes, of course.

EJERCICIOS DE AUTOEVALUACIN

I. Completa los espacios en la siguiente conversacin con las expresiones que has
aprendido:

Teacher: Good morning. How are you?

Students: (1) _________, thank you.
Teacher: Please, open your books (2) ______ page 5.
Susy: Excuse me. (3) ________ you speak more slowly, please?
Teacher: Sure. (4)_______ your (5) _______ (6) _______ page 5
Bob: (7) ________ me. (8)___________ I come in?
Teacher: OK. Bob. Come (9) _____ .
John: Miss Taylor. What (10) _________ sunglasses (11) ________ in
Spanish?
Teacher: It means lentes para el sol.
Meg: Miss Taylor. I (12) ________ understand the first question.
Whats the (13) _____________ of last name?
Teacher; Ed. Can you help her?
Ed: Apellido.
Teacher: Good. Erika. (14) _______ to the board and write the first sentence,
please.

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II. Escoge la mejor opcin:

1. _____________ you speak more slowly, please?

a) Does b) Can c) Are

2. What ______________ are we on?

a) book b) difference c) page

3. What does clock _____________ in Spanish?

a) repeat b) mean c) meaning

4. How do you ___________ your name?

a) spell b) mean c) open

5. Whats the _____________ between wash and watch?

a) understand b) difference c) meaning

6. Im sorry. I dont ____________. Please, repeat.

a) mean b) take c) understand

7. _________ your books to page 8.

a) Speak b) Close c) Open

8. Excuse me. _________ I come in?

a) Spell b) May c) Does

9. ____________ does between mean?

a) What b) How c) Can

10. __________ out your notebook, please.

a) Mean b) Can c) Take

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 UNIDAD 2
SALUDARSE Y PRESENTARSE
Introduccin:

Dime con quin andas y te dir quin eres.

Es muy comn que en la vida diaria conozcas a personas y te relaciones con ellas. Para
esto, es conveniente saber como presentarse y entablar una conversacin. En esta unidad
utilizars frmulas y patrones lingsticos que te permitan presentarte, proporcionar tus datos
personales (nombre, nacionalidad, origen, edad, direccin y nmero de telfono y
ocupacin) e identificar a otros.

Objetivo general: Saludars a alguien, te presentars t mismo y a otros; dars informacin

personal; preguntars sobre personas y las identificars; preguntars sobre empleos,
profesiones y ocupaciones.

Objetivo especfico:
Usars las formas correctas del verbo be en diferentes situaciones.
Usars los pronombres de sujetos.
Usars los adjetivos posesivos.
Usars las formas correctas de contracciones con sujetos y el verbo be.
Hars preguntas con palabras como: What, Where, When, Who, How old.
con el verbo be.
Demostrars buena ortografa y la adecuada estructuracin del plural de
sustantivos regulares e irregulares.

Forma del verbo BE en tiempo presente:

AFIRMATIVA NEGATIVA INTERROGATIVA CONTRACCIONES

I am I am not Am I? Im / Im not

You are You are not Are you? Youre / You arent
Youre not
He is He is not Is he? Hes / He isnt
Hes not
She is She is not Is she? Shes / She isnt
Shes not
It is It is not Is it? Its / It isnt
Its not
We are We are not Are we? Were / We arent
Were not
You are You are not Are you? Youre / You arent
Youre not
They are They are not Are they? Theyre / They arent /
Theyre not

ADJETIVOS POSESIVOS

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En Ingls, cada pronombre personal corresponde a un adjetivo posesivo. Estos adjetivos se
refieren a posesin y deben de ir acompaados de un nombre.

PRONOMBRE PERSONAL ADJETIVO POSESIVO

I My car
You Your friend
He His house
She Her doll
It Its bone
We Our school
They Their books
EJEMPLOS:
Lisa and Mike are from Canada. Their family is Canadian.
Peter is doing an exam. His pencil is on his desk.
I am a student, my group is 402.
Today is Lucys birthday. This is her new dress.
The children are at school, their room is D-103.
John, is this your backpack?. Yes, it is.
Look at the horse! Its saddle is new.
We have a new house. Our address is 8 Reforma Avenue.
SUSTANTIVOS SINGULARES Y PLURALES
Plurales regulares

La mayora de los sustantivos forman su plural agregando s a la forma singular:

boy boys teacher teachers pen pens etc.

Agregamos es si el sustantivo singular termina en ch, -sh, -s, -z or x:

glass-glasses box- boxes sandwich-sandwiches brush-brushes buz-buzzes

Algunos sustantivos que terminan en o agregan es en el plural:

tomato-tomatoes potato-potatoes hero-heroes mosquito-mosquitoes

pero no en:

piano-pianos radio-radios zoo-zoos shampoo-shampoos avocato-avocatos

Los sustantivos que terminan en una consonante + -y cambian la y por i

y agregan es:

baby-babies lady-ladies country-countries city-cities

pero no en:

day-days monkey-monkeys boy-boys guy-guys

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Plurales Irregulares

Los sustantivos que terminan en f o fe la cambian por v y agregan es:

wife-wives life-lives thief-thieves shelf-shelves knife-knives half-halves

pero no en:

chief-chiefs chef-chefs

Algunos sustantivos forman el plural cambiando su(s) vocal(es):

man-men woman-women foot-feet tooth-teeth mouse-mice

Pocos sustantivos forman el plural con en:

child-children ox-oxen

Algunos sustantivos tienen la misma forma en singular y plural:

sheep-sheep deer-deer fish-fish series-series species-species

No tienen forma singular:

scissors pants shorts pajamas glasses clothes

El plural comn de person es people

Yes No Questions and Short Answers con Be

(Preguntas Si - No y Respuestas Cortas con el verbo Be)

Are you a worker? No, Im not. Im a student

Are you a student? Yes, I am.
Is Giovani from Canada? No, he isnt (No, hes not).Hes from Italy.
Is she from Wales? Yes, she is.
Are you and Mike in the same class? No, we arent. (No, were not) Were on the
same soccer team.
Are you and Mike in the same
soccer team? Yes, we are.
Are Mr. and Mrs. Mndez Colombian? No, they arent. (No, theyre not)
Are they Argentinian? Yes, they are.

Contenidos lingsticos (muestra de vocabulario y expresiones):

Good morning / afternoon / evening

Greetings Hello / Hi / Howdy? / Whats up?
(Saludos) How are you? / How do you do?

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Leave-takings Good bye / Bye / See you later
(Despedidas) So long / Good night
A. Hi. My names Antonio Jimnez. Whats ypur name?
Introductions B. Im Alfred Sanders.
(Presentaciones) A. Nice to meet you, Alfred.
Countries (Pases) and (y) B. Nice to meet you , too, Antonio.
Nationalities A Where are you from, Alfred?
(Nacionaliadades) B. Im from Denver, Colorado. Im American. And you?
A. Im from Mexico City. Im Mexican.
A. Whats your name?
B. My name is David.
Identification C. What day is today?
(Identificacin) D. Today is Friday
E. Whats this?
F. Its a spider.
A. Whos he?
Professions B. Hes my brother.
(Profesiones/ A. What does he do?
Ocupaciones) B. Hes an engineer.
A What do you do?
B. Im a student.
A. How old is she?
Age B. Shes twenty-five years old.
(Edad) A. How old are you?
A. Im sixty-four.
A. What color is your sweater?
Colors B. Its red.
(Colores) A. What color is the sky?
B. The sky is blue
A. Whats he like?
B. Hes a tall and thin, handsome boy.
Descriptions C. Whats she like?
(Descripciones) D. Shes a thin, short, pretty girl.
E. What are they like?
F. Theyre good students.
A. Whats the weather like in Acapulco in July?
B. Its hot and rainy.
Weather A. Whats the weather like in New York in winter?
(Clima) B. Its very cold.
A. How are you today?
Condition B. Im happy / hungry / tired.
(Condicin) A. Were thirsty.
A. Where is he?
Places / Location B. Hes in the hospital.
A. Wheres the hospital?
Lugares / Localizacin B. Its near the shopping center.

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 A. Where is your mother?
B. Shes at home.

A. What time is it?

Time B. Its seven-thirty.
(La hora) A. What time do you start classes?
B. At eight oclock.
Debes ejercitar las funciones arriba enlistadas con un vocabulario ms amplio de nmeros,
adjetivos, pases y nacionalidades.
EJERCICIOS DE PRCTICA:
I. Completa los dilogos con am, is,are:
Alex.- Good morning. (1) _________ you Paul Johnson?
a) Am b) Are c) Is
Paul - Yes, I (2) ______. And this (3) ______ my son, Richard.
a) is b) am c) are
Alex- Hello, Richard. I (4) ______ Alex Brown.
a) are b) is c) am
Richard - Hello, Mr. Brown. We (5) ________ late. Im afraid.
a) are b) am c) is
Alex - Only five minutes! What (6) _________ those things?
a) is b) are c) am
Paul -They (7) _______ my drums.
a) am b) is c) are
Alex- Well, here (8) _____ my car. Can I help you with your drums?
a) is b) are c) am
Paul - Thats OK. Mr. Brown. They ( 9) _________ not heavy.
a) are b) is c) am
Alex - Richard, please help him.
Paul - Oh., that (10) __________ very kind.
a) am b) is c) are
EJERCICIOS DE AUTOEVALUACIN
II. Completa las siguientes preguntas y respuestas cortas:
Betty is a teacher.
1.____________ an English teacher? No, __________.

Carlos is Colombian.
2. ___________________ from Cali? Yes, _________.

Pierre and Marie are in the USA.

3. __________________in Denver? No, _________.

Sue is a student.
4. ______________ a good student? No, _________.

That is my new car.

5. ______________________ fast? Yes, ________.

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III. Completa una oracin en forma negativa y otra en afirmativa:
1. Today _________ Tuesday.
It _____________ Monday.
2. Alice ___________ your girlfriend.
She ____________ my girlfriend!
3. Toronto _________ in the U.S.A.
It _______________ in Canada.
4. Paola and Carlos ___________ British.
They ___________ Brazilian
5. Apples __________ blue.
They ____________ red or green.

IV. Escribe el adjetivo posesivo que corresponda al sujeto de los siguientes

enunciados:

1. The boy walks to _________ chair.

2. The girl walks to _________ chair.
3. I put _________ book on the desk.
4. We study __________ lesson every night.
5. The children play with _________ balls.
6. The cat drinks _________ milk.
7. Mickey looks at _________ watch during the lesson.
8. Miss Smith, our teacher, often looks at _______ watch, too.
9. You and Peter study in ________ room.
10. Monica likes ________ English class.

V. Escribe el plural de cada sustantivo:

1. clock _____________
2. foot _____________
3. tomato _____________
4. child _____________
5. toy _____________
6. university _____________
7. sandwich _____________
8. fish _____________
9. ox _____________
10 woman _____________

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 UNIDAD 3
LOCALIZAR LUGARES

Introduccin.
Preguntando se llega a Roma.
Se encuentre uno en la ciudad de origen, o en un lugar extrao e inclusive extranjero,
constantemente surge la necesidad de preguntar cmo llegar a determinado sitio (una calle,
un cine, teatro, restaurant, etc.). En muchos pases tienen inclusive el hbito de traer consigo
un mapa para localizar los lugares, ya sea donde la persona se encuentra, o hacia dnde
tiene la intencin de llegar. En nuestra ciudad, tenemos la Gua Roji.

Objetivo general:
En esta unidad, pedirs y dars informacin sobre los servicios de la comunidad (escuelas,
bancos, tiendas, transportes, etc.) y su ubicacin.

Objetivos especficos:
Ubicars lugares y objetos.
Dars y seguirs instrucciones para localizar ciertos servicios.

Contenidos:
1. Haz preguntas y contstalas usando there is / there are (hay, en espaol)
para sealar la existencia de personas, lugares, cosas.
2. Utiliza preposiciones en ingls que indican lugar.
3. Usa el artculo a / an con nombres o sustantivos contables en singular.
4. Observars que hay una diferencia entre sustantivos contables y no contables.
5. Notars la diferencia en el uso de los nmeros cardinales y ordinales.
6. Utilizars los cuantificadores some, any, several, a lot of.
Forma
There is, there are:

Las expresiones there is / there are corresponden, en espaol, a la expresin hay. Observa
que there is se utiliza en el singular, y there are en el plural. Ejemplos:

Oraciones afirmativas Oraciones negativas Oraciones interrogativas

There is a white house in There isnt a white house Is there a white house
Washington. on the corner. near your house?

There are some boys in There arent any boys in Are there any boys in the
the classroom. the classroom. classroom?

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EJERCICIOS DE PRCTICA

I.- Escribe there is o there are en los siguientes espacios; recuerda que there is se utiliza
con sustantivos en el singular, y there are con sustantivos en el plural.

1. There _______ a magazine on the chair.

2. There _______ _____ any telephones in this town.
3. _______ there any money in our bank account? No, there isnt.
4. _______ there any good programs on TV? Yes, there are many good ones.
5. _______ _____ a baseball major league in Colorado? Yes, there is.
6. _______ _____ eleven players on a soccer team.
7. _______ _____ any eggs in the fridge? No, _______ _____.
8. _______ _____ some ham, but _______ _____ any cans of beer!
9. _______ _____ 29 days in February this year? Yes, _______ _____.
10. There _______ a lot of smog in Mexico City.

Los anteriores son unos ejemplos. En el siguiente espacio, escribe otros para que practiques
un poco ms.
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

Forma
Preposiciones.

Las siguientes son algunas de las preposiciones ms comunes en ingls.

BETWEEN IN ON AT NEXT TO

NEAR / CLOSE TO OPPOSITE / ACROSS FROM

IN FRONT OF ON THE CORNER OF

BEHIND / IN BACK OF

Nota: Para entender el uso y significado de las preposiciones, observa con atencin las
siguientes oraciones con unos dibujos que tratan de ilustrar un poco.

IN The letters are in the mailbox. ON The apple is on the books.

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BETWEEN

. .
The bike is between the soccer balls NEXT TO The cat is next to the dog

OPPOSITE ON THE CORNER OF

The right hand is opposite the left hand. There is a star on the corner of the box.

BEHIND IN FRONT OF

The dish is in front of the dog.

The door is behind the box

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Observa el mapa de la ciudad de Smithborough. Redacta oraciones similares a las de los
ejemplos.
There is a mall in Smithborough.
There is a school on Second Avenue.
SMITHBOROUGH

BANK CINEMA SCHOOL

MAIN STREET
S
F E T
I C H
R O I
RESTAURANT S MALL N HOSPITAL R
T D D

A A A
V V V
E BRISTOL STREET E E
N N N
U U U
E E E
BOOK SHOP CHURCH LIBRARY

II.-Observa detenidamente el mapa para que puedas decidir qu escribir en los siguientes
espacios. Puede ser: there is / there are, o alguna preposicin.
1. There _____ a ________ on the corner of Main Street and First Ave.
2. _______ _____ a bank _____ First Ave.
3. _______ _____ a hospital on ____________.
4. _______ _____ a mall between the _______ and the _______________.
5. _______ _____ a mall _________ the restaurant and the hospital.
6. _______ _____ a hospital ____________ the school.
7. _______ _____ a church _____________ the library.
8. _______ _____ a book shop ___________ First Ave. and Bristol St.
9. _______ _____ a library _________ _________ and _______________.
10. _______ _____ three avenues in Smithborough.
Cuando alguna persona nos pregunta cmo localizar o llegar a algn lugar, podemos dar las
instrucciones utilizando tanto there is / there are, como las preposiciones.
Ejemplo:
John: Pardon me, can you please tell me how to get from here to the school on Third
Avenue ?
Pablo: Sure. Now we are in the book shop on First Avenue and Bristol Street. To get to that
school you walk to your left on First Ave. Cross Bristol St. Then walk one block and turn
to your right on Main Street, walk one block, cross Second Avenue and there you will
see a hospital. The school is in front. You cant miss it.
John: Thank you very much.
Pablo: My pleasure.

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Con este mismo mapa da instrucciones de cmo llegar a algn lugar.
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

ARTCULOS INDEFINIDOS: A y AN
Estos artculos se usan con nombres o sustantivos en singular.
Ejemplos:
Cuando una palabra inicia con sonido de consonante, se usa a:
a student a house a girl

Cuando una palabra inicia con sonido de vocal, se usa an:

an elephant an egg an engineer
III. Anota a o an en los espacios de acuerdo a la informacin del uso de estos artculos.
1. It is _______ carrot.
2. I have _____ orange.
3. He is ______ architect.
4. She is _____ lawyer.
5. This is _____ university.
6. I want _____ apple.

SUSTANTIIVOS CONTABLES O NO CONTABLES.

Los nombres o sustantivos en ingls pueden ser contables o no contables.
Los sustantivos contables se usan para cosas o personas que podemos contar
puesto que las podemos separar; stos tienen forma singular y plural.
one book two books a man some men

Los sustantivos no contables se usan para las cosas u objetos que, como no
los vemos como separados, no podemos contar. Por lo tanto, no tienen formas en
plural, slo en singular.
sugar milk rice weather

Recuerda que los sustantivos contables pueden tener una forma singular o
plural, debido a ello tienes que recordar qu forma del verbo vas a usar.
This book is expensive. These books are expensive.
That man lives next door. Those men live next door.

Para los sustantivos no contables, debido a que slo cuentan con la forma
singular, tendrs que usar la forma singular del verbo.
o Milk is good for you.
o The weather was very good yesterday.

Con los sustantivos contables se pueden usar tanto a o an como nmeros.

a man one book two books
Generalmente con los sustantivos no contables no utilizamos a o an, ni
nmeros.
Por ejemplo, no se dice en ingls a weather , two weathers, etc. Pero es normal utilizar a,
an y nmeros cuando en un restaurant ordenamos tazas o vasos de caf, t o cerveza
(coffee, tea, beer).

19
Ejemplo:
Waiter, could you please bring us two coffees and a tea, please?
Recuerda que en ingls se utiliza a antes de sonidos de consonantes, por
ejemplo:
a book, a man.
Pero se utiliza an antes de sonidos de vocales, por ejemplo: an apple, an egg.

Podemos usar some con sustantivos contables y no contables.

some books some rice
some men some milk
Tambin se usa para otras funciones como ofrecimiento e invitaciones en forma de pregunta.
Ejemplo:
Do you want some more cake?
IV. Observa las siguientes palabras. Decide si son sustantivos contables o no contables,
y escribe (C) o (nc).
Ejemplos: dog C sugar NC
coffee ___ oil ___ car ___ banana ___ money ___ smog ___
bread ___ wine ___ egg ___ cream ___ tomatoes __ water ___
time ___ orange ___ rice ___ ham ____ carrot ___ chair ___
apple ____ meat ___ friend ___ cheese ___ girl ____ traffic ___

V. Ahora haz un listado de palabras, usando a / an o some.

Ejemplos:
some coffee a car
_______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______
_______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______
_______ _______ _______ _______ _______ _______

REPASO DE LOS NMEROS CARDINALES.

0 ZERO 1 ONE 2 TWO 3 THREE 4 FOUR 5 FIVE
6 SIX 7 SEVEN 8 EIGHT 9 NINE 10 TEN 11 ELEVEN
12 TWELVE 13 THIRTEEN 14 FOURTEEN 15 FIFTEEN 16 SIXTEEN
17 SEVENTEEN 18 EIGHTEEN 19 NINETEEN 20 TWENTY 21 TWENTY-ONE
30 THIRTY 32 THIRTY-TWO 40 FORTY 43 FORTY-THREE 50 FIFTY
54 FIFTY-FOUR 60 SIXTY 65 SIXTY-FICE 70 SEVENTY 76 SEVENTY-SIX
80 EIGHTY 87 EIGHTY-SEVEN 90 NINETY 98 NINETY-EIGHT
100 ONE HUNDRED 147 ONE HUNDRED FORTY-SEVEN
1000 ONE THOUSAND 1.111 ONE THOUSAND, ONE HUNDRED ELEVEN
1.000.000 ONE MILLION 2.000.000 TWO MILLION 3.000,000 THREE MILLION

20
VI. Escribe los siguientes nmeros en ingls.

(1) 93 _______________ (2) 539 _______________________

(3) 18 _______________ (4) 841_______________________

(5) 1059 ______________ (6) 1001001 ____________________

Piensa otros ejemplos y escrbelos.

__________ __________ _________ ____________________

__________ __________ __________ ____________________

__________ __________ __________ _____________________

Ahora practica con los siguientes nmeros telefnicos.

five five six nine zero three eight two ___________________
seven two five one four zero six three ___________________
one seven three five zero six two nine ___________________
REPASO DE LOS NMEROS ORDINALES.

Estos nmeros sealan una secuencia u orden. Se usan, por ejemplo para

fechas (May 1st )

calles (5th Avenue)
para enumerar los das (Tuesday is the third day of the week.)
para enumerar los meses (June is the sixth month of the year.

1st. FIRST 2nd. SECOND 3rd. THIRD 4th. FOURTH

th
5th FIFTH 6th SIXTH 7th. SEVENTH 8 EIGHTH
th th th th
9 NINTH 10 TENTH 11 ELEVENTH 12 TWELFTH
th th th th
13 THIRTEENTH 14 FOURTEENTH 15 FIFTEENTH 16 SIXTEENTH
th th th th
17 SEVENTEENTH 18 EIGHTEENTH 19 NINETEENTH 20 TWENTIETH
st th nd th
21 TWENTY-FIRST 30 THIRTIETH 32 THIRTY-SECOND 40 FORTIETH
rd th th th
43 FORTY-THIRD 50 FIFTIETH 54 FIFTY-FOURTH 60 SIXTIETH
th th th th
65 SIXTY-FIFTH 70 SEVENTIETH 76 SEVENTY-SIXTH 80 EIGHTIETH
th th th
87 EIGHTY-SEVENTH 90 NINETIETH 100 ONE HUNDREDTH
th
150 ONE HUNDRED-FIFTIETH

21
Escribe algunos nmeros ordinales a manera de prctica. Los puedes usar para referirte a
fechas, das de la semana o meses del ao. Ve los ejemplos anteriores.
_____ ____________________ _____ ______________________
_____ ____________________ _____ ______________________
_____ ____________________ _____ ______________________

Las palabras ms comunes que generalmente acompaan a there is / there are son:

A SOME ANY SEVERAL A LOT OF

El artculo A se utiliza con sustantivos en singular. Ejemplo:

There is a mouse in the house.

SOME se usa con sustantivos no contables en singular. Ejemplo:

There is some water left in the bottle.

Tambin puedes usar SOME con sustantivos contables en plural. Ejemplo:

There are some soldiers outside the bank.

Recuerda que:
SOME se usa en enunciados en plural.
ANY se usa en oraciones interrogativas (preguntas) y negativas.
Sustantivos no contables se usan en oraciones en singular.
Sustantivos contables se usan en oraciones en plural.

Ejemplos:
There isnt any milk left in the bottle.
There arent any students in the room.

Are there any people smoking inside? Yes, there are.

Is there any money left? No, there isnt.

SEVERAL significa varios en espaol, y se usa con oraciones en plural.

There are several irregular students in this school.

A LOT OF equivale a mucho (a), muchos (as)en espaol. Se utiliza con oraciones en
singular y plural.

There is a lot of smog in the city.

There are a lot of new cars on the streets.

22
Contenidos lingsticos (muestra de vocabulario y expresiones):
Observa algunos ejemplos que se usan en ingls para solicitar informacin.
- Excuse me, is there a bank near here?
- Yes, there is one right around the corner. And there are two more on the next block.
- Im looking for a city map.
- Theres a news stand across the park.
- Excuse me. Where is the flower shop?
- Its on the first floor between the Italian restaurant and the beauty shop.
- How do I get to Sanfers restaurant?
- Go along Mart Street and take the first left. Its on your right.

- Can you tell me the way to the British bookstore?

- Sure. Walk two blocks and turn right. Its on your right. You cant miss it.
- Thank you.
- Not at all. / Youre welcome.

Ms vocabulario: nombres de servicios en su comunidad como escuelas, bancos, libreras,

medios de transporte, nmeros cardinales, cientos, miles, millones, adjetivos. Vocabulario
relacionado con el tema (calle, cuadra, etc.)
Expresiones de distancia: (cerca, lejos, siga de frente,, doble a la izquierda/derecha, cruce la
calle, etc.How far is? There is, there are, how many, some, any.
Uso del imperativo en afirmativo y negativo al expresar y ejecutar rdenes, peticiones e
instrucciones.
Vocabulario bsico.
far : take a bus near: at a walking distance on the left on the
right
at the corner of in front of turn left / turn right go straight
go along block bank bookstore
cinema hospital library museum
phone booth police station restroom, bathroom, services
restaurant school
Ms ejemplos:
- Excuse me, sir. Im looking for a -------------------. Do you know if there is one around here?
Can you tell me where to find it?
A. Excuse me, sir. How do I get to the Metropolitan Cathedral?
B. Walk on Madero Street up to the Zocalo. The Cathedral is on the left.
A Is it near the National Palace?
B Its on the same square.
A Thanks a lot.
B Youre welcome.
Redacta otros ejemplos a) solicitando informacin para localizar un lugar; b) dando
informacin para llegar a un lugar.

23
EJERCICIO DE AUTOEVALUACIN

I. Elige la opcin que mejor completa las oraciones.

1. A: Excuse me, where is the supermarket?
B: _______________________________
a) Youre welcome.
b) Sure, you can try.
c) Next to the beauty shop.
d) Im looking for an apartment.
2. A: __________________________________?
B: Walk one block and turn right.
a) What do you do
b) How do I get to the bank
c) Can you tell me how he is
d) Excuse me, can you help me
3. A: ____________ a movie theater near here?
B: Yes, its on Amsterdam Street.
a) Are there
b) Is there
c) There are
d) There is
4. A: _____________ is her birthday?
B: On August 2nd.
a) Where
b) When
c) Why
d) What
5. ____________ some books on the table.
a) There is
b) There are
c) Is there
d) Are there
6. Terry hasnt got _________ brothers or sisters.
a) some
b) any
c) more
d) much
7. A: How much juice do we need?
B: ________________________
a) a little
b) many
c) a few
d) five

24
 Unidad 4
RELACIONES FAMILIARES
Introduccin
La familia es primero.
Generalmente se dice que todo podemos escoger, menos a nuestra familia. A veces
estamos muy contentos con lo que nos toc; otras veces no tanto. Pero estemos contentos o
no, generalmente pertenecemos a una familia. Y, muchas veces, para saber quines somos,
es necesario saber de dnde venimos. Ello implica preguntar a nuestros padres, abuelos o
parientes ms allegados para lograr informarnos, e inclusive poder elaborar nuestro rbol
genealgico. En esta ocasin, tendrs que recabar la informacin en espaol, para luego
elaborar tu rbol genealgico en ingls.

Objetivo general:
En esta unidad, identificars a las personas por sus relaciones familiares y sus actividades.

Objetivos especficos:
Describirs actividades de parientes.
Identificars personas y sus actividades.

Contenidos:
1. En esta unidad usars vocabulario en ingls que tiene que ver con profesiones y
ocupaciones.
2. Utilizars el vocabulario que describe la vida familiar.
3. Practicars el uso de adjetivos para describir a personas y cosas.

Forma
Vocabulario referente a profesiones y ocupaciones

CASHIER JUDGE PILOT SECURITY

GUARD
COOK / CHEF LAWYER POLICE OFFICER SINGER
WAITER / MUSICIAN RECEPTIONIST DOCTOR
WAITRESS

Nota:
Para entender el significado de estas palabras, lee con cuidado las siguientes oraciones que
tienen que ver con profesiones y ocupaciones y el lugar donde las personas laboran.

Ejemplos:
John Wilson / a doctor / in a hospital
John Wilson is a doctor and works in a hospital.

Johns father / a chef / in a restaurant

Johns father is a chef and works in a restaurant.

Johns sister / a cashier / in a supermarket

Johns sister is a cashier and works in a supermarket.

25
EJERCICIOS DE PRCTICA

I. Redacta oraciones similares a los ejemplos anteriores.

1. her mother / a receptionist / at a doctors office
________________________________________________________
2. her friends / security guards / at BBVA Bank
_______________________________________________________
3. her uncle / a mechanic / in a garage
_______________________________________________________
4. her aunt / a cashier / at J C Penny
______________________________________________________
5. her brother / a police officer / at Crystal Bookstore
______________________________________________________
Forma
Observa cuidadosamente los siguientes trminos que se refieren a relaciones familiares.
Grandparents Parents siblings
grandfather grandmother father mother brother sister

Children other relationships in-laws

son daughter husband wife father-in-law
uncle aunt mother-in-law
nephew niece brother-in-law
cousin sister-in-law

En el siguiente rbol genealgico, observa cmo se usan los trminos, que tienen que ver
con relaciones familiares.
RBOL GENEALGICO ( Tiggers Family Tree )

Images.www.yahoo.com.mx

Elabora tu rbol genealgico. Usa las palabras que aparecen en la forma anterior.

26
Forma
Como ya sabes, los adjetivos son palabras que describen o califican a un sustantivo. En
otras palabras, los adjetivos nos dicen cmo son las personas, las cosas, los lugares, etc.
Ejemplos: a blue house a rich man a beautiful woman

Recuerda que en ingls, los adjetivos no tienen plural,o sea que no se

pluralizan, que no tienen una forma en nmero plural.
Ejemplos: an old man old men a nice child nice children
Recuerda tambin que los adjetivos generalmente se colocan ANTES de los
sustantivos, pero tambin se pueden colocar DESPUS de verbos como:
be look appear seem taste feel smell sound

Ejemplos:
She is pretty. . The meat smells good. He seems worried.

Recuerda que si quieres preguntar acerca de cmo son las personas o cosas (o
sea una descripcin) puedes usar whatlike. Y la descripcin misma la
realizars con el uso de los adjetivos.

Ejemplos:
What is your father like? He is short, thin with grey hair and black eyes.
What are your new neighbours like? They are very nice and friendly.
What is your house like? Its big with a pretty garden and many rooms.

Forma 3b:
Ejemplos de los adjetivos ms comunes en ingls.
Tall narrow poor nice
interesting Ugly difficult thin
comfortable Easy clean dirty
intelligent, smart Fat pretty, beautiful fast
Show Low dark light
High Cheap expensive rich
Exciting Wide wonderful boring
Happy Angry hungry thirsty
Sad worried nervous fool
Clber untidy lazy short
Hot Warm old hardworking
Cold New young tidy
Colores:
Blue Red green yellow
Violet brown pink gray
Black White silver orange
Purple Beige
Otros adjetivos: dark light

27
Escribe el equivalente de cada adjetivo, y luego encuentra su opuesto. Haz una lista-
Ejemplo:
fast = rpido slow = lento

II. Ordena las siguientes palabras para construir oraciones.

Ejemplo:
Mercedes / He drives / big / a / black
Respuesta: He drives a big black Mercedes.

1. very / He / fast / can / run ______________________________

2. bottles on the shelf / green / ten/ There are / big __________________________
3. He is / science / our / teacher / new ____________________________________
4. seems / teacher / The / friendly / English _______________________________
5. a very / He / fast / is / runner _________________________________________

Ejercicio opcional: escoge una persona, un lugar, un pas o una cosa, y descrbelo (a).
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
______________________________

Ejemplos de expresiones y vocabulario en esta unidad:

- What does your father do?

- My father works in a bank from 8 to 4.
- How old is he?
- Hes 45.
- Do you have any brothers or sisters?
- Yes. I have two brothers and one sister / No, I dont.

Betty: Where does your brother work?

Susan: He works in a hotel.
Betty: Oh! What does he do exactly?
Susan: Hes chef in an Italian restaurant.
Betty: Thats interesting. My boyfriend works in a hotel, too.
Susan: Is he a chef?
Betty: Hes a bellboy, but he doesnt like his job.
So hes looking for a new one.

28
 UNIDAD 5
DESCRIBIR RUTINAS Y PREFERENCIAS
Introduccin:
Al que madruga Dios lo ayuda.
En gustos se rompen gneros.
Es importante reconocer que frecuentemente nos vemos inmersos en conversaciones donde
tenemos que comentar acerca de los hechos cotidianos de nuestra vida personal, a la vez
que sobre eventos que nos agradan o desagradan por lo que es de gran utilidad esta unidad
en la cual alcanzars los siguientes objetivos.

Objetivo general: La presente unidad pretende brindarte las bases gramaticales para que
seas capaz de describir rutinas o hbitos de la vida cotidiana, as como expresar tus
preferencias hacia determinado objeto o circunstancia.

Objetivo especfico: Aprenders a aplicar frmulas (estructuras) y expresiones para hacer

oraciones afirmativas y negativas usando el presente simple, escribir correctamente la forma
del verbo en tercera persona singular en presente simple, usar adverbios de frecuencia y
expresiones de tiempo, describir actividades diarias y preferencias.

Contenidos:
Describir actividades diarias
Expresar preferencias
Informar acerca de costos (inform about prices)
Hablar de cantidades (talking about quantities)
Uso:
TIEMPO PRESENTE SIMPLE / SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE:
Se usa para hablar acerca de acciones repetidas o hbitos, acerca de situaciones
permanentes o que ocurren por largo tiempo y acerca de verdades generales o hechos.

Formas
Afirmativa Negativa Interrogativa

I I I
you work you dont work you work?

he he he
she works she doesnt work she work?
it it it

we we we
you work you dont work you work?
they they they

29
Observa con atencin los siguientes ejemplos:
I take a shower every morning.
Most evenings my parents stay at home and watch t.v.
Do you go to the movies very often?
Her children dont study in the same school.
Mr. and Mrs. Sullivan live en New York. (That is their permanent home)
Vegetarians dont eat meat or fish.
The River Amazons flows into the Atlantic Ocean.
Contenido Lingstico (Muestra de vocabulario y expresiones)
Mike: Lets go to the park on Sunday.
Joan: Ok, but not too early. I get up early on weekdays, so I sleep in on the weekend.
Mike: What time do you get up on Sundays?
Joan: At ten oclock.
Mike: Oh, thats early. I get up at noon.
Joan: Do you have breakfast?
Mike: Sure. I eat breakfast every day.
Joan: Then lets meet at Vips at ten oclock.
Fred: Can I buy you a cup of coffee, Liz?
Liz: Thank you, Fred. Id love one.
Fred: And what about you, Walt?
Walt: No, thanks. I dont like American coffee! I prefer iced tea.
Liz: Well, have an iced tea, then. You dont have to drink coffee!
Walt: Oh, all right. Where shall we go?
Fred: Lets go to Charles at the mall.
Liz: Good idea!
Mike: What do we need for the barbecue?
Maria: Well, we need hamburger meat and hot dogs.
Mike: We have some hamburger in the freezer,
But we dont have any hot dogs.
Maria: Right, and there arent any buns.
Mike: Do we need any soda?
Maria: Yes, we do. Lets buy some soda and
Some lemonade, too.
Mike: All right, and how about some potato salad?
Maria: Great idea! Everyone likes potato salad.

Ejercicios de prctica:

Aqu encontrars actividades de aprendizaje que te permitirn reforzar los conceptos

anteriormente vistos en la unidad.

I. Completa las oraciones. Usa la forma del presente simple de los verbos en parntesis.
Ejemplo:
The president of the USA lives in the White House. (live)
I dont go to the theater very often. (not / go)

30
 1. Rose __________ part time. (work).
2. We __________ early in the morning (get up).
3. Peter __________ in a restaurant every day) (eat).
4. Loud music __________ me a headache (give).
5. They __________ from Canada. They __________ from the USA (come).

II. Completa las preguntas en presente simple.

Ejemplo:
What time do you get up every morning? I usually get up at 7:00 oclock.

1. How often __________ to the radio? I listen to it most mornings.

2. __________________ in Mazatlan? No, he lives in Merida.
3. What time __________ work every day? She usually finishes at 5:39.
4. When __________________ watch TV? They watch it every evening.
5. How much money __________ a month? He earns about $ 800.
6. _______________ much in your country? Yes, it snows a lot in winter.

FORMA BASE DEL VERBO ORTOGRAFIA

1. Si el sonido final del verbo es: Add -s Aade -s
(for example: p/t/k/f/s/th): sleep He sleeps eight hours every night.
2. Si el sonido final del verbo es; Add -s Aade -s
(for example: b/d/g/v/m/n/l/r
or a vowel): prepare He prepares dinner.
3. Si el verbo termina en: sh/ch/x/z/ss: Add -es Aade -es
watch He watches TV.
4. Si el verbo termina en una consonante Change y to i add -es. Cambia y
+ y: por i y aade -es
hurry He hurries home.
5. Si el verbo termina en una vocal + y: Add -s. Aade -s
play He plays tennis on Saturday.
6. Irregular Forms. Formas Irregulares:
have Alice has a job.
go She goes to work every day.
do Frank does the dishes.
III. Completa estas oraciones con la forma correcta del verbo (en parntesis) en presente simple.
1. She __________ in Orlando. (live)
2. I __________ in an office. (work)
3. What time __________ the bus __________ every morning? (come)
4. He __________ his homework every night. (do)
5. They __________ to the cinema on Saturdays. (not / got)
6. We __________ pizza on weekend. (eat)
7. She __________ Italian food. (not like)
8. __________ Americans __________ presents at Christmas time? (give)
9. I __________ my family every week. (call)
10. The children __________ every Sunday. (play)

31
Forma:
Para responder
Preguntas S / No
Cuando hacemos una pregunta empezando con un auxiliary (do, does) la respuesta ser s /
no = Yes / No.
Do you like English? Yes, I do.
Does he have a girlfriend? No, he doesnt.
Forma:

Respuestas cortas
Verbo Auxiliar Sujeto Forma base del verbo
Afirmativas Negativas
Auxiliary Verb Subject Base form of the verb Afirmative Answers Negative Answers
I I
I
you we
work? Yes, do. No, we dont
we you
Do you they
they they

he he he
doe
she work? Yes, she No, she doesnt
Does s.
it it it

Forma:
Adverbios de frecuencia:

Son aquellos que te dicen que tan a menudo sucede algo.

.
Question: how often does Sam watch television?
Pregunta: Qu tan a menudo Sam ve la televisin?

Always Siempre 100%

Almost always Casi siempre
Usually generalmente
Often / frequently a menudo,
frecuentemente
Sam Sometimes algunas veces watches televisin
Seldom / rarely rara vez
Never nunca 0%

La posicin de los adverbios de frecuencia es entre el sujeto y el verbo.

I always have a shower in the morning.

She never plays on Saturdays.

Pero hay una excepcin: si el verbo principal es be, el adverbio de frecuencia va

despus de l.

He is always hungry.
We are never on time.

32
 EJERCICIOS DE AUTOEVALUACION

I. Ordena las palabras correctamente para formar oraciones.

1. fish on eat usually we Fridays ____________________________________
2. never Death Valley it rains in _______________________________________
3. the very sometimes is cold it in mornings ______________________________
4. he always movies to the goes Wednesdays on _________________________
5. often do eat you meat? ___________________________________________

II. Completa las oraciones usando el presente simple de los verbos en parntesis.
1. The Concorde __________ (make) a lot of noise.
2. I __________ (not live) in Leon. I __________ (live) in Xalapa.
3. The sea __________ (cover) two thirds of the world.
4. We __________ (not come) from Australia. We __________ (come) from Brazil.
5. She __________ (work) from Mondays to Fridays. She __________ (not work) on
weekends.
III. Elige la mejor opcin para completar las oraciones.
1.- Marco usually _______________ early.
a) get up b) gets up c) is getting up d) are getting up

2.- A: Do you like sports?

B: __________________
a) I hate it b) I love them c) you were right d) you are welcome

3.- I dont like to go fishing, so I __________ go fishing.

a) always b) usually c) often d) never

4.- We ____________ shopping every Friday.

a) have b) do c) go d) make

5.- Dad ____________ the dog every morning.

a) walks b) walk c) walked d) is walking

6.- Mary seldom __________ TV in the afternoon.

a) watchs b) watches c) watched d) watch

7.- Thanks for the invitation, but Im afraid I cant __________ it.
a) make b) do c) take d) go

8.- Bob likes listening to music, but he is __________ rock music, he really likes it.
a) crazy about b) cant stand c) hate d) doesnt like

9.- Do you usually brush your teeth after meals?

a) Yes, three times a day b) Really? c) chocolate and candy d) O.K.

10.- What does she like for dinner?

a) A little b) fruit, fish and coffee c) you dont like d) shes happy

33
 UNIDAD 6
DESCRIBIR LAS ACTIVIDADES REALIZADAS
EN EL MOMENTO
Introduccin:
Silencio: Genios trabajando
En la vida diaria realizamos muchas actividades cotidianas que en un momento dado
debemos describir para dar informacin a alguien o para aclarar alguna situacin con
respecto a lo que se est realizando en el momento.
Objetivo general: Esta unidad pretende proveerte de los elementos necesarios para que
puedas hablar acerca de algo que est llevndose a cabo al momento de hablar.
Objetivo especfico: Al finalizar la unidad sers capaz de hacer oraciones afirmativas y
negativas en presente progresivo o continuo, aprenders cmo se escriben correctamente
los verbos terminados en ING y a hacer preguntas para responder si / no en presente
progresivo o continuo.
Contenido:
Describir actividades que se realizan en el momento.

Contenido Lingstico (Muestra de vocabulario y expresiones)

A: Honey, Im home. Where are you?
B: In the kitchen. Im cooking dinner.
A: And, where are the children?
B: Theyre in the garden. Theyre playing basketball.

Forma:

El presente continuo o progresivo se forma con be + ing.

AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE

I am eating. I am not eating. Am I eating?

He / she / it He / she / it Is he / she / it

is eating. is not eating. eating?

You / we / they You / we / they Are you / we / they

are eating. are not eating. eating?

Uso:
Usamos el presente progresivo para hablar acerca de algo que est en progreso al momento
de hablar.

What are you doing now? Im snowing and its very cold.
Im eating a sandwich because Im very hungry
Im studying for my exam.
El presente continuo tambin lo puedes usar para hablar acerca de algo que se est
realizando en la actualidad, pero no necesariamente en el momento preciso de hablar.

34
 Youre spending a lot of money these days.
Hes looking for a job at the moment.

De igual manera lo usamos para hablar acerca de situaciones que estn en desarrollo o
cambiando en la actualidad.
Im reading a very good book at the moment.
Janes studying Economies at Harvard.
The children are taking part in a school play.

As mismo para quejarse sobre alguna situacin.

Youre standing of my foot!
These children are eating all the cakes!
Reglas para aadir ing a los verbos.
Aade ing a la forma base del verbo.
eat ing drink ing read ing wash ing spend ing
Si el verbo termina en e, se la quitas y aades ing.
Dance > dancing, write > writing, make > making, hire > hiring
Si un verbo tiene una slaba y termina en consonante precedida de vocal,
duplica la consonante y aade ing.
put > putting, get > getting, run > running, swim > swimming
Cuando el verbo termina en y, aade ing.
study > studying, cry > crying, play > playing

EJERCICIOS.
I. Escribe la forma correcta de ING de los siguientes verbos.
Example: learn > learning

1. talk _______________________ 6. dry _____________________________

2. come _____________________ 7. make ___________________________

3. cut _______________________ 8. slip ____________________________

4. admit _____________________ 9. cancel __________________________

5. run _______________________ 10. drive ____________________________

II. Completa las siguientes oraciones en presente continuo. Usa el verbo en parntesis.

1. The children want to go to a picnic but it _______________ . (rain)

2. Look! Jeff _______________ (wear) his new shoes.
3. What are you doing? I _______________ (make) a cake.
4. Can you two come out? Sorry. We _______________ . (study)
5. Where are the girls? They _______________ . (swim)

35
III. Ordena las palabras para crear oraciones.

1. days / what / and / doing / these / Mary / are / you?

2. running / own / we / business / our / are

3. on / still / campus / living / you / are

4. arent / no / we / parents / living / we / Marys / with / are

5. you / golf / and / still / playing / are?

6. not / no / Im / fly / but / to / learning

IV. Completa el reporte sobre economa con los siguientes verbos, usando el presente
progresivo continuo.

begin find buy hire spend

Theres good news on the unemployment front. More people 1) __________ jobs and the
people 2) __________ more money in the stores. Inflation is still quite low but it 3)
___________ to rise. More people 4) __________ more houses than a year ago and
construction companies 5) __________ more workers.

Ahora vea la diferencia entre el presente simple y el presente progresivo.

PRESENTE PROGRESIVO PRESENTE SIMPLE

What is in progress at the moment of speaking
We use the present progressive to talk about
Are you working now?
Dont forget your umbrella. Its raining.
We use the simple present to talk
about repeated actions or habits,
And about universal truths:
Do you work on Saturdays?
It rains a lot in Mexico City in July

We use the present progressive when referring We use the simple present when
to temporary actions: talking about permanent actions:
Im sleeping on a sofa these days because my I always sleep eight hours every
bed is broken. night.

36
 EJERCICIOS DE AUTOEVALUACION

I. Selecciona la forma correcta.

1.- Its snowing. It snows quite often in Britain in winter.

2.- Im going. I go to bed now. Good night.
3.- Normally, Im going. I go to bed at around 11:30 every night.
4.- Wheres Simon? Hes cooking. He cooks the dinner.
5.- There is something wrong with Oliver at the moment, so hes going he goes
to work by bus this week.
6.- The Thames River is flowing flows through London.
7.- Sarah has got an exam soon, so shes working she works very hard at the moment.

II. Elige la mejor opcin para completar las oraciones.

1.- The children __________ a snowman now.

a) are building b) built c) building d)build

2.- What are you doing today? I __________ all day.

a) working b) work c) worked d) am working

3.- They ____________ dinner with some friends tonight.

a) having b) are having c) had d) have

4.- Ken and Lucy are ____________ for a new house at the present.
a) look b) looking c) looked d) looks

5.- Our dogs ____________ biting each other now!

a) is b) are c) was d) were

6.- Maya ____________ calling Beth on her cell phone right now.
a) were b) was c) am d) is

7.- Peter y Carol ____________ with Mark and Linda now.

a) is playing b) are playing c) was talking d) were talking

8.- Carlos __________ studying for his test now.

a) were b) was c) am d) is

9.- They __________ drawing the illustrations for the book at the moment.
a) were b) have c) is d) are

10.- You are __________ a jacket because it is cold today.

a) using b) have c) wearing d) hot

37
 UNIDAD 7
HACER PLANES
Introduccin:
El hombre propone y Dios dispone.
Cuando vamos a salir de vacaciones generalmente hacemos planes, por ejemplo, cmo
vamos a viajar, a dnde vamos a hospedarnos, etc. En esta unidad intercambiars
informacin acerca de los planes que tienes para tus prximas vacaciones.
Objetivo general: Hars planes futuros, por ejemplo, para tus prximas vacaciones, para los
estudios que piensas realizar, etc.
Objetivo Especfico:
Hablars sobre el futuro usando going to.
Identificars el significado y posicin de expresiones en futuro.
Forma
Be Going to

ENUNCIADOS AFIRMATIVOS ENUNCIADOS NEGATIVOS

Am am not
I I
m 'm not
are are not
You You
re aren`t
He He
Is is not
She going to leave. She going to leave.
s isn`t
It It
We We are not
Are
You You aren`t
re
Thev They

YES / NO QUESTIONS SHORT ANSWERS

(Preguntas para responder Si No) (Respuestas Cortas)

Auxiliary Verb Subject -ING Form of the Verb Afirmative Answers Negative Answers
Am I playing? Yes, I am. No, I am not
you we we
are not.
Are we playing? Yes, you are. No, you
arent.
they they they

he he he
is not.
Is she playing? Yes, she is. No, she
isnt.
it it it

38
 WH-QUESTIONS ANSWERS
(Preguntas para pedir informacin)

(Respuestas)
When leave? leave in two weeks.
Where go? go to Colorado.
What are you going to do Im going to go skiing.
there? go by car.
How get stay for one week.
there? visit rny cousin.
How long stay?
Who (m) visit?

Who's going to drive? My friend (is going to drive)

Tomado de Grammar Dimensions.

Observa los siguientes ejemplos:
Mark: Say, Rose, What are you doing tonight? Would you like to go out?
Rose: Oh, sorry, I can't. I'm going to work late tonight. I have to finish this report.
Mark: Well how about tomorrow night? Are you doing anyhing then?
Rose: No, I'm not. What are you planning to do?
Mark: I'm going to see a musical. Would you like to come?
Rose: Sure, I'd love to! But let me pay for the tickets this time. It's my turn.
Mark: All right! Thanks.

Amy: We're going to have a birthday party next Saturday. Would you like to come?
Phil: Whose birthday is it?
Amy: I can't teII you. It's a secret. By the way, when's your birthday?
Phil: In fact, it's next Saturday. I think I can't come to your party.
Amy: Why?
Phil: Because my mom is going to take me to a restaurant.
Amy: Oh, no. The party is going to be a surprise...for you!

Uso
L os enunciados con going to conectan el futuro y el presente.
Usamos going to para hablar sobre algo en el futuro, el cual podemos ver como
un resultado de algo en el presente.

Ejemplo:
Look at those black clouds in the sky. It 's going to raIn.
Look out! The ladder is going lo fall.
Those crazy drivers are going to have an accident!
It`s very cold. I think it's going to snow.
Se usa going to para referirnos a lo que intentamos hacer en el futuro.
y para cuando hemos decidido hacer algo.

39
Observa el siguiente ejemplo:
Paul: Why have you moved all the fumiture out of this room?
Mary: Because I'm going to clean the carpet.

- Im going to buy a new car next week.

- Mary says she 's going to read all Shakespeare' s plays.

Expresiones en Futuro

(Later) this morning Next week Tomorrow morning Soon

afternoon month afternoon later
evening year evening the day after tomorrow
Sunday night a week from today
weekend tonight

(Ms tarde) esta La / El prxima(o) Maana en la Pronto, ms tarde,

maana, tarde, noche semana, mes, ao, maana, en la tarde, pasado maana, en
domingo, fin de noche. ocho das, esta noche.
semana.

EJERCICIO
Observa el horario de Samira:
SUNDAY MONDAY TUESDAY WED. THURSDAY FRIDAY SATURDAY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Labor day
Holiday
8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Music class Dentist
4:00
4:30
15 16 17 18 19 20 21
Church tennis Party Ed
Dinner game
7:00 3:00 8:00
22 23 24 25 26 27 28
hair
10:00
29 30 31

Ahora haz preguntas sobre el horario de Samira y contstalas

Ejemplo:
- When is Samira going to go to the dentist?
- Shes going to go on Thursday 12th.
- What time is she going to go there?
- At four.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

40
EJERCICIOS DE PRCTICA:

I. Completa los enunciados con going to y los verbos en la caja:

see do have rain buy work visit be get tell

1. We _________________________________ to have chili con carne for dinner.

2. Joe: What ________________you ___________________________tomorrow?
3. Kay: I______________________________ my grandmother in San Francisco.
4. Dan: Look at those clouds. It________________________________________
5. Sue: Yes. and those people ____________________________________ wet.
6. John _______________________ a new house near the park,
7. but he ______________________________________ his wife. (negative)
8. It _____________________________________________a surprise for her.
9. Mark: I _________________ a musical tonight. Would you like to come?
10. Rose: Sure. Id love to, but I ____________________ until six.
Mark:: No problem. Ill pick you up.

II. Escribe las preguntas correctas para estas respuestas:

1. ______________________________________________________?
Yes, it is. It's going to rain tomorrow.
2. ______________________________________________________?
No, she isn't. She is going to study physics.
3. ______________________________________________________?
Yes, they are. They are going to drive to work today.
4. Where ________________________________________________?
They are going to go to the cinema.
5. What _________________________________________________?
They are going to see "Titanic.
EJERCICIOS DE AUTOEVALUACIN

I. Elige la mejor opcin para completar los enunciados:

1. ________ Carlos ____________ to study for his test tonight?
a) Were_____ going
b) Are ______ going
c) Is _______ going
d) Am ______ going
2. Im sure you ______________________ well on the exam tomorrow.
a) going
b) is going
c) are going
d) am going
3. I think Tom _____________________ to be at the party.
a) going
b) is going
c) are going
d) am going

41
4. My parents __________________ going to travel to New York next month.
a) is
b) does
c) do
d) are
5. We ________________to go to the cinema. We need to study.
a) are not going
b) is not going
c) am not going
d) were not going

II. Completa esta conversacin. Usa going to y los verbos que estn entre parntesis.

Mary: What(1) ______ /you_________________________________this weekend, Richard?

(do) (question)
Richard: I (2) _______________________ to an art gallery on Saturday. (go)
Mary: That sounds interesting.
Richard: Yeah. There' s a new exhibit at the Modern. And how about you, Mary?
Mary: WeIl, Brian and I (3) _______________________a ball game in the afternoon (see)
Richard: And what (4) /you _____________ in the evening? (do) (question)
Mary: Brian (5) ______________________his mother in the hospital. (visit)
But I (6)________________________anything really. (do) (negative)
Richard: Well, I (7) _________________________some friends over for a barbecue.
Would you like to come? (have)
Mary: Thanks. Id love to.
Richard: What (8) ____________ Brian __________________ later? (do)
Mary: The children (9) ____________________________ a party at a friends house. (go)
They (10) _________________________________ with us. (be) (negative)

42
 UNIDAD 8
LA HORA Y EL CLIMA
Introduccin.
El tiempo vale oro.
Actualmente estamos viviendo en un mundo tan vertiginoso que nos hace casi esclavos del
reloj, ya sea porque tenemos que llegar a nuestros lugares de trabajo o estudio, o a una cita
con nuestro mdico, dentista, o amigos, o simplemente a nuestros hogares. Debido a ello, es
recomendable poder hablar del tiempo no slo en nuestra propia lengua sino al menos en
una lengua extranjera, en este caso, en ingls.
Generalmente nos quejamos del clima: si hace calor, porque hace calor; si hace fro, porque
hace fro, etc. Debemos aceptar lo que no podemos cambiar.

Objetivo general:
En esta unidad, utilizars expresiones y el vocabulario necesarios para hablar sobre la hora y
el clima.

Objetivos especficos:
1. Pedirs y dars la hora.
2. Describirs diferentes climas.
3. Ubicars diferentes climas en el tiempo y espacio.
4. Usars adjetivos y pronombres posesivos para expresar posesin de algo.
5. Usars sustantivos posesivos (s / s)

Contenidos lingsticos (muestra de vocabulario y expresiones)

Helen: Hey! Why are you getting dressed so early?

Henry: Its late.
Helen: Late? What time is it?
Henry: Its quarter to eight. Im almost late for work.
Helen: Work? But its Saturday! Theres no work today!

Ted: Hi, Bob. Im calling you from Chihuahua.

Bob: Really! Whats the weather like there?
Ted: Its horrible. There is no sun. Its really cold and rainy. And whats the weather like at
home now?
Bob: Its just beautiful, really hot and sunny! Just as we like it!

Beth: When is your birthday?

Lucy: Its on July 6th. And when is your sisters birthday?
Beth: Its on July 8th.
Lucy: Lets organize a party!

Liz: Mom, may I go to a party?

Mom: Ask your father?
Liz: Dad, may I?
Dad: O.K. But dont come home late!

43
Forma 1:
El tiempo

12 12

9 3 9 3

6 6
What time is it? What time is it?
Its 3 oclock. Its quarter past six.

12 12

9 3 9 3

6 6
What time is it? What time is it?
Its half past nine. Its quarter to twelve.

Expresiones de tiempo
Time Expressions

a.m. = 12:00 midnight to 12:00 noon (in the morning)

p.m. = 12:00 noon to 12:00 midnight (in the afternoon)

EJERCICIOS DE PRCTICA

I.- Escribe en ingls los siguientes tiempos.

What time is it?

(1) 7:00 (2) 9:45

(3) 1:14 (4) 8:30
(5) 9:15 (6) 10:50
(7) 11:01 (8) 5:59
(9)4:48 (10) 3:00

Ahora escribe tu horario: las materias y la hora para cada da (time schedule).
TIME MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY
7:00

44
Forma 2:
El clima

Preguntas Respuestas
Its sunny Summer
Its hot

Its cold Winter

Its snowy
Whats the weather
in
like in Denver?
Its cloudy Spring
Its rainy

Its windy Fall

Its cool
Whats the Its 70 degrees Its 22 degrees
temperature today? Fahrenheit (F). Celsius (C).

Nota:
Para hablar acerca del clima puedes usar adjetivos como:

Clear Foggy warm Dry

Wet Humid frozen Smoggy

III. Completa las siguientes oraciones tomando en cuenta el vocabulario acerca del clima.
Ejemplos:
The weather in Acapulco is usually very hot, but the weather in Toluca can be very
cold.
In winter, the weather in London is usually foggy and cold.

1. In July, the weather in Merida is _______ and _______.

2. In January, the weather in Alaska is __________.
3. In summer, the weather in Australia is __________ and __________.
4. The weather in Arabia is __________ and _________ most of the time.
5. In winter, the weather in Monterrey is __________.

What is the weather like in your city? Describe it.

____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________.

Forma 3:
Adjetivos y pronombres posesivos
Cuando queremos hablar de pertenencia (que algo nos pertenece), podemos hacerlo, por lo
menos de las siguientes tres maneras:
1. Utilizando adjetivos posesivos,
2. Utilizando pronombres posesivos,
3. Utilizando lo que se conoce como posesivo anglo-sajn.
Observa los siguientes ejemplos.

45
Possessive Possessive Possessive
adjectives pronouns nouns
My car is old. The car is mine. This is Anas
new car.
Your house is new. The house is yours. This is my
students
house.
His dog is friendly. The dog is his- Its Marios
dog.
Her Clothes are The clothes hers. They are
beautiful. are Silvias
clothes.
Its fur is black. (its cannot be The dogs
possessive paws are
pronoun.) bleeding.
Our classrom is The classroom ours. The students
dirty. is classrooms are
dirty.
Their Children are The children theirs. They are Paul
young. are and Marys
children.

Nota:
Observa la diferencia entre its e its.
We live in a big city. Its museums are very interesting. Its a nice place to live.
En la primera oracin, its est funcionando como adjetivo posesivo.
En el segundo caso Its esta funcionando como it is; es la contraccin de it is.

Elabora un ejercicio parecido al que se muestra en la Forma 3, utilizando los adjetivos

posesivos, los pronombres posesivos y los nombres ya sea propios o comunes utilizando s
y spara indicar posesin.

46
EJERCICIO DE AUTOEVALUACIN

Selecciona la opcin que t consideres adecuada.

1. Its snowing today. I feel ____________
a) warm b) mild c) cold d) hot
2. What time does the class begin? It begins at _________
a) four and quarter b) to quarter tour c) quarter to tour c) four four five
3. My brothers biology exam is at ________
a) twefth day b) twelve days c) twelve clocks d) twelve oclock
4. Whats the _______ today?
a) classroom b) weather c) book d) mother
5. A: What time is it?
B: Let me see. The short hand is a little before seven and the minute hand is
pointing to forty-five. So its _________
A: Thanks. I must rush
a)forty- five past eight b)forty-five to seven c) quarter past six d) quarter to seven
6. A: What time _______ Rebelde?
B: I think it _________ at six thirty on channel 2.
A: Thanks.
a) does / starts b) is / start c) does / is d) is / starts
7. A: You told me youve lived in London, havent you?
Whats the weather like there?
B: Well, London is almost always _________. Thats why I moved to Los Angeles.
Here its _________ most of the year.
A: Then, I think Ill miss California when I move away from here.
a) snowy / windy b) foggy / sunny c) rainy / mistyd) sunny / foggy
8. A: If forty-five minutes make _________ . Whats the time if my watch says 8:45?
B: Its _________.
a) an hour/ fifteen to nine b) a quarter of an hour / a quarter to nine
c) half an hour / fifteen to nine d) three quarters of an hour / a quarter to
nine

47
 UNIDAD 9
IR DE COMPRAS

Introduccin:
Lo barato cuesta caro.
En situaciones de compras resulta necesario manejar vocabulario relativo al tema y cmo
expresarlo en distintas estructuras segn el propsito, por ejemplo, cuando queremos
adquirir prendas de vestir y objetos personales.

Objetivo general: Al finalizar la unidad podrs hablar acerca de prendas de vestir y objetos
personales utilizando las estructuras y expresiones que se utilizan al ir de compras. Adems
de poder preguntar por el precio de diversos objetos.

Objetivo especfico: Aprenders a usar CAN para expresar habilidad, comprenders los
diferentes usos de COULD, sabrs usar MAY para pedir permiso, al igual que pedir y dar
informacin usando HOW MUCH y HOW MANY al hacer compras.

Contenidos:
Ir de compras
Preguntar por algn producto o mercanca en una tienda
Hablar acerca del color, forma, tamao y textura de los objetos

Contenido Lingstico (Muestra de vocabulario y expresiones)

A: Excuse me. Is there a department store in this mall?

B: Oh, yes! There is a very good one. What do you want to buy?
A: I need a pair of jeans for my son.
B: You can buy them at Liverpool. Its opposite Mc.Donalds. You cant miss it!

Inside the department store.

C: Can I help your, sir?

B: Yes, please. Im looking for a nice pair of jeans for my son.
C: Sure. What size do you need?
B: Five, please.
C: Any particular color?
B: Light blue will be all right.
C: What about these?
B: Theyre perfect. How much are they?
C: Theyre two hundred pesos.
B: Thats reasonable. Ill take them.

48
CAN Poder (realizar una actividad = tener la capacidad)
Forma:

AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE NEGATIVE

CONTRACTION

I I I
You You You
He He He
She can speak English She cannot speak Chinese She cant speak French
We We We
You You You
They They They

Este auxiliar modal no aade una s en la 3a. persona singular (l, ella, ello), del presente
simple y nunca tiene la forma ing.

Usos:
Can expresa:

Habilidad:
ability:

I can run.

Animals cannot (cant) talk.

Saber hacer:
To know how to:

Can you speak English? Yes, I can

Can you fly? No, I cant.

Pedir permiso:
To ask for permission:

Can I go out?

Usa cant para prohibicin:

Use cant for prohibition:

You cant smoke in here

Usamos could (podra) para expresar probabilidad

Could is used to express probability:

The weather is nice today, it could be sunny tomorrow.

Tambin expresa permiso
Could also expresses permission:

49
If you finish your homework, you could go to the party.

Y para solicitar
Could is used for request:

Could you help me, please?

Podra (could) y no podra (couldnt) son las formas en pasado de can y cant
Could and couldnt are the past forms of can and cant

The old man could run when he was young.

She lost her keys yesterday and she couldnt find them.

May and may not express possibility:

We may go to Mexico next year, but we are not sure.

Passengers in the smoking section may smoke if they wish.

Tambin usamos May para pedir permiso:

May is used to ask for permission:

May I leave early today, please? Yes, you may.

Para prohibir:
To forbid:

May we stay out late tonight? No, you may not.

Food may not be taken into the auditorium.

Para solicitar:
Requests:

May I have a cup of coffee?

Nota:
(May is the only modal that doesnt have the contraction nt in the negative form)
May es el nico verbo modal que no tiene contraccin nt en forma negativa.

50
A continuacin, resuelve los siguientes ejercicios que te ayudarn a practicar los temas
vistos en esta unidad.
I. Trata de formar preguntas completas relacionando las 2 columnas y escrbelas en las
lneas abajo del cuadro.
May I sit in?
Do you think I could close a book or a magazine?
Could I have this on?
Can I try here?
May I come your bike for half an hour?
Can I borrow the window?
1.- _________________________________________________
2.- _________________________________________________
3.- _________________________________________________
4.- _________________________________________________
5.- _________________________________________________
6.- _________________________________________________
CUNTO? HOW MUCH?
Usos:
Se utiliza cuando queremos saber el costo o precio de algo. Por ejemplo:
How much is this sweater? Its $ 35.00
How much are the shoes? Theyre $ 49.50 a pair
Questions with How Many and How Much
PREGUNTA SUSTANTIVOS RESPUESTA
QUESTION CONTABLE ANSWER
How may Count Noun

How many universities are there? A lot

How many brothers do you have? Two
How many oranges do you eat every week?
Noncount noun
How much No contables
How much money do you have in your account? $ 200
How much time do you have? Not much
How much gas do you need? Five gallons
Recuerda: Cuando queremos preguntar por la cantidad de algo, how many se usa para
cuntos y how much para cunto.

51
Ejercicios

I. Haz preguntas con How much o How many

1.- _______________ juice do you drink every morning?

2.- Do you know _______________ cholesterol is there in an egg?

3.- _______________ calories are there in a vanilla ice cream?

4.- _______________ money do you spend on transportation a day?

5.- _______________ cans of soda are there in the refrigerator?

EJERCICIOS DE AUTOEVALUACION
I. Gloria compra comida para su familia,
observa su mesa de cocina y llena
los espacios

Gloria buys food for her family. Look at

Her kitchen table. Fill in the blanks.

1. How ________ cheese ________ there?

Two kilos.

2. How ________ eggs ________ there?

A dozen.

3. How ________ apples __________?

Six.

4.- How ________ meat __________?

______________________________

5. How ________ milk ___________?

______________________________

6. How ________ butter __________?

______________________________

7.- How ________ tomatoes ________?

_______________________________

52
II. Elige la mejor opcin para completar las oraciones.

1.- A: How much is it?

B: ______________________
a) nine oclok b) ten pesos c) two kilos d) nota t all

2.- A: How much juice do you need?

B: ______________________
a) A little b) Many c) A few d) Five

3.- A: May I help you?

B: Yes, thanks. How much _________________ that cotton t-shirt?
A: Its only US $ 150
B: ______________. And you call that a bargain?
a) is / wow! Thats expensive.
b) is cost / O.K. Thats reasonable.
c) does cost / Hey! Thats still too much.
d) costs / Fine! Thats cheap.

4.- A: Those gray jeans are nice. Hmm, theres no price tag __________________
B: They are $ 50 _________________
A: No, its O.K. I think theyre my size.
a) Excuse me, how much are they? / Would you like to try them on?
b) Which ones do you like better? / What size do you need?
c) Could you tell me now much are they cost? / Do they fit you?
d) What about the price? / What color are you looking for?

5.- A: These leather boots are great!

B: _______________________
A: Well, Im going to buy them anyway.
a) Not for me. I prefer the vinyl ones.
b) Thank you.
c) Youre welcome.
d) Youre right, I dont like them.

6.- How many apples do I need to prepare an apple pie?

a) just 1 gallon b) KG c) 6 are fine d) two cans 2

7.- A: Do you have any western wear?

B: _________________________
a) Where can I buy something like that?
b) And where is that?
c) Thank you so much.
d) You should try Hookem Horns.

53
 8,- A: How does the dress fit you?
B: _____________________
a) cash or credit?
b) Perfect. Ill take it.
c) What size?
d) Yes, Im looking for a long dress.

9.- What size are you looking for?

a) Green, black or white please.
b) I think 9 would be fine.
c) I think 9 would be fine.
d) Short sleeves.

10.- Are you going to pay with _________________?

a) I dont have many cheques.
b) Formal or casual.
c) Shes not going to pay.
d) Credit card or cash .

54
 UNIDAD 10
PLATICAR ACERCA DEL PASADO
Introduccin:
Lo que no fue en tu ao, no fue en tu dao.
Cuando platicas con tus amigos o familiares sobre lo que hiciste el fin de semana, tus ms
recientes vacaciones, y en general, sobre tus actividades de esparcimiento y diversin, es
importante saber como hacerlo.

Objetivo general: El propsito de esta unidad es que intercambies, precisamente,

informacin acerca de actividades realizadas en el pasado.

Objetivos especficos:
Formulars enunciados afirmativos y negativos con el verbo be en el pasado,
tanto con verbos regulares como irregulares.
Aprenders el significado y la posicin de expresiones de tiempo en pasado en un
enunciado.
Identificars la secuencia de eventos.
Hars preguntas para responder s o no (yes-no questions) y para pedir
informacin
(wh-questions).

Contenidos lingsticos (muestra de vocabulario y expresiones):

A: Oh, no! I lost my cell phone.

B: Oh, thats terrible. Where did you go today?
A: Well, first, I went to the dry cleaners. Then, I went to the bank. Next, I had lunch with
.some friends

Sam: So, Al, how was your day?

Al: It was busy. I went to the library.
Sam: What for?
Al: To look for a book. Then I went to the shopping center.
Sam: What did you do there?
Al: I bought some clothes for my son.
Sam: Uh, huh.
Al: And then I went to Chilies Grill for lunch.
Sam: Who did you have lunch with?
Al: With my wife, of course.

55
Forma
PASADO DE BE
Enunciados afirmativos:

SUJETO VERBO
I was
You were
He
She was
famous.
It
We were
You
They
a famous actress in that film.
There was
many political leaders at the meeting.
There were
Tomado de Grammar Dimensions.

PASADO DE BE
Enunciados negativos:

SUJETO BE + NOT CONTRACCIONES NEGATIVAS

I was not I wasnt

You were not You werent

He He
She was not Famous She wasnt famous.
It It
We We
You were not You werent
They They

There was There wasnt any time to

no time to eat eat.
There were There werent
any good
restaurants.

Tomado de Grammar Dimensions

56
Preguntas para responder s o no (yes-no questions) y
respuestas cortas (short answers) con Be en Pasado Simple.

Forma:
YES-NO QUESTIONS SHORT ANSWERS
Verbo Sujeto Afirmativo Negativo
you were not
Was I you were
you werent
I was not
Were you I was
I wasnt
right? Yes,
He He he/she/it was not.
Was She She was No,
It It he/she/it wasnt
we we we/ you/ they were not
Were you you were
they they we/ you/ they were nt
Was there A good game at Yes, there was not
Disneyworld? there was there wasnt
No,
Were there long lines there were there were not
at Disneyworld? there werent
Tomado de Grammar Dimensions

Wh-questions con BE

WH-QUESTIONS BE SUBJECT ANSWERS

When JFKs assassination? November 22, 1963.

Where the assassination? It was in Dallas, Texas.

Who was the assassin? Lee Harvey Oswald, we think.

What his motive? There were different theories.

How the day? Very sad.

Why were people sad? Because Kennedy was a
popular president.

Whose gun was It ? Lee Harvey Oswalds.

Tomado de Grammar Dimensions

57
 Observa los ejemplos con atencin:
-Robert was at the museum yesterday.
Was Robert at the museum yesterday?
Yes, he was.
-Last week we were at the lab from 1:00 to 3:00.
Were you in the lab from 4:00 to 5:00?
No, we werent.
Where were you last week from 1:00 to 3:00?
In the lab.

EJERCICIOS DE PRCTICA

A. Completa las preguntas con was o were:

Ejemplo:
Were you born in this city? No, I wasnt. I was born in Monterrey.

a) ____________ you born in this city?

b) When _________ you born?
c) __________ your parents born here?
d) When ________ your mother born?
e) When_________ your father born?
f) _________ you a good student in high school?
g) What __________ your favorite subject?
h) __________you good at sports?
i) __________ you at maths?
j) Who ________ your first English teacher?

II. Contesta las siguientes preguntas:

1. Were you on time for school today?

______________________________________
2. Was your teacher absent yesterday?
_____________________________________
3. When was the last time you went to the beach?
_____________________________
4. Which was the last book you read?
_______________________________________
5. Who was William Shakespeare?
_________________________________________
6. When was the First World
War?__________________________________________
7. What was theTitanic?
__________________________________________________
8. Where were the1968 Olympic Games held?
________________________________
9. Who was Leonardo Da Vinci?
____________________________________________
10. Where were The Beatles born?
___________________________________________

58
VERBOS REGULARES E IRREGULARES

Forma y ortografa de los verbos regulares en Pasado.

Yesterday was Sunday
I stayed home. You washed your clothes. He studied his French lesson.
Yesterday morning
We walked to school. You played foot-ball.
Last night
They watched television. She listened to music.

I
I stayed home last week?
listened to music You
You washed your clothes
played football yesterday? He
He studied his lesson
watched television She
She walked to school Who last night? did.
stayed home It
It played football
washed your clothes yesterday We
We watched television morning?
studied his lesson You
You listened to music
walked to school last month? They
They worked late last night
Nota: Observa que en los verbos regulares el pasado simple y el pasado
participio tienen la misma forma.

III. Puedes escribir en pasado los siguientes verbos?

1.- visit __________ 8.- correct __________ 15.- drop __________

2.- invite _________ 9.- study ___________ 16.- play __________

3.- look _________ 10.- use ____________ 17.- hurry _________

4.- bake _________ 11.- pick ____________ 18.- need _________

5.- enjoy _________ 12.- try _____________ 19.- carry _________

6.- worry _________ 13.- stop ____________ 20.- divide _________

7.- die __________ 14.- live ____________ 21.- love __________

59
VERBOS IRREGULARES EN PASADO

Forma
Enunciados afirmativos

Muchos verbos en pasado son irregulares y no tienen la forma ed.

SUBJECT VERB

I
You
He
She went to Miami last year.
It
We
You
They

Expresiones de tiempo
En el pasado

Las expresiones de tiempo especifican en qu momento ocurri la accin en el

pasado.

In the morning last night an hour ago in 1988

en la maana anoche hace una hora en 1988

Yesterday afternoon last week two days ago on Sunday

Ayer por la tarde las semana hace 2 das el domingo
pasada

in the evening last month six months at 6:00

por la noche el mes pasado 6 meses a las 6

last year a year the day before yesterday last summer

el ao pasado 1 ao antier - anteayer el verano pasado

Ejemplos

They flew to New York on Sunday.

Lisa and Kate went to Spain two years ago
Yesterday morning, we met our new English teacher.

60
 III. Completa el siguiente texto con la forma apropiada en pasado de los verbos
irregulares que aparecen a continuacin:

wear eat keep begin draw make

Primitive men were certainly not savages. They (1)____________ simple tools and
(2)______________ pictures on their cave walls. They not only (3)_______________ the
meat of the animals they killed but also (4)_______________ their skins for protection
against the cold.
In the Neolithic period (about the Eighth Millennium B.C.) primitive men (5)_______________
to cultivate food and by this time (6)______________ domestic animals such as dogs. This
is also the period in which pottery was invented.

TIEMPO PASADO

Forma
Enunciados Negativos

SUBJECT DID + NOT / DIDNT BASE FORM OF VERB

I
You
He
She did not work
It didnt
We
You
They

Tiempo pasado: preguntas para responder S o No

y respuestas cortas

DID SUBJECT BASE FORM

OF THE VERB
I
You
He
Did She visit New York last year?
We
You
They
Forma
Algunos ejemplos de cmo los verbos regulares se escriben en pasado.

61
 Si el verbo termina en: Regla a seguir:
consonante Agrega ed
want wanted
need needed
vocal + y Agrega ed
enjoy enjoyed
play played
( c ) consonante + e Agrega d
like liked
smile smiled
(d)consonante + y Cambia y a i, y agrega ed
study studied
worry worried
( e ) consonante + vocal+ consonante Duplica la consonante, y agrega ed
(verbos de una slaba)
stop stopped
drop dropped
(f) x, -w No dupliques la consonante.
(verbos de una sola slaba) Slo agrega ed
show showed
fix fixed
(g) Si se trata de verbos de 2 slabas con Duplica la consonante, y
acento en la ltima slaba agrega ed
occur ocurred
prefer preferred
(h) Si se trata de verbos con acento en la No dupliques la consonante.
primera slaba Slo agrega ed
listen listened
visit visited

T puedes aprender los verbos irregulares en grupos

Ejemplos de algunos cambios que hacen los VERBOS IRREGULARES.

GRUPO 1 SIN CAMBIOS GRUPO 2 La letra d final

La forma base y el pasado PASADO cambia a t
simple son iguales SIMPLE La d final de la forma PASADO
beat beat base cambia a t. SIMPLE
bet bet bend bent
cost cost build built
cut cut lend lent
hit hit send sent
hurt hurt spend spent
let let
put put
set set
shut shut

62
 GRUPO 3 Las letras ea GRUPO 4 El sonido /iy/
cambian por o cambia a /e/
Las letras ea de la PASADO SIMPLE El sonido /iy/ de la forma PASADO SIMPLE
forma base cambian a base cambia a /e/.
o feed Fed
break broke feel Felt
speak spoke keep Kept
steal stole lead Led
swear swore leave Left
wear wore meet Met
tear tore read Read
sleep slept

GRUPO 5 Las letras ow GRUPO 6 Cambio de

cambian a ew. vocal
las letras ow de la forma PASADO SIMPLE La vocal de la forma base PASADO SIMPLE
base cambian a ew. cambia a otra vocal.
blow Blew become became
grow Grew come came
know know dig dug
throw threw draw drew
fall fell
forget forgot
get got
give gave
hold held
hang hung
run ran
sit sat
win won

GRUPO 7 El pasado termina GRUPO 8 El sonido /I/ cambia

en ought o aught. al sonido /ae/.
La vocal de la forma PASADO SIMPLE El sonido /I/ de la PASADO SIMPLE
base cambia a - forma base cambia
ought o aught. al sonido /ae/.
buy bought begin began
bring brought drink drank
catch caught ring rang
fight fought sing sang
teach taught sink sank
think thought swim swam

63
 GRUPO 9 Cambios diversos
La forma base sufre PASADO SIMPLE
diversos cambios.
bite bit
do did
eat ate
find found
fly flew
go went
have had
hear heard
hide hid
lose lost
make made
say said
shake shook
shoot shot
stand stood
From The Heinemann English Grammar

Form
Observa las siguientes formas para elaborar preguntas en el pasado con palabras
como what, when, where, etc.
WH-WORD Auxiliar: Sujeto Forma base del verbo Respuestas.
DID
What did I do last summer? I went to Paris.
When you make your (I made them) last
wedding plans? month.
Where he go last summer? (He went) to Scotland.
Why the slip sink? (It sank) because it
collided with an ice berg.
How she get to Paris? (She got there) by plane.
How long ago you visit Alaska? (We visited Alaska) ten
years ago.
How long they stay in London? (They stayed there for)
two weeks.
Who(m) Liz and Sue meet in New York? (They met) Hillary
Clinton.

Cuando el sujeto de la El verbo est en pasado Respuestas

oracin es what o who: simple.
What happened to Peters ship. It sank.
Who had a terrible vacation? Monique and Charles (did).

64
V. Completa los siguientes enunciados en forma afirmativa, negativa o interrogativa. Usa los
verbos que se encuentran en parntesis.

1. Carla ____________with some relatives. (stay)

2. _______ you _________ a good time? (have) Yes, I _______.
3. The children __________ in the park. (play)
4. Kate and Richard _________ _______ in a good restaurant. (eat)
5. Karen _________ to England for a year. (go)
6. _______ John _________ English in England? (study) No, he _________.
7. Pierre and Jim _________a good film on TV. (see)
8. Jenny _______ _________Spanish in Colombia. (learn)

VI. Completa las siguientes preguntas en pasado simple.

Ejemplo:
When / talk / to / your parents?
When did you talk to your parents?
1. what time / finish / your homework?
_______________________________________________
2. where / go / on your last vacation?
________________________________________________
3. when / class / start / this semester?
_________________________________________________
4. how late/ stay up / last night?
________________________________________________
5. how long / study / last night?
_________________________________________________
6. what / have / for dinner / last night?
__________________________________________________

VII. Completa la siguiente conversacin usando el pasado simple de los verbos en parntesis

Beth: Is there anything wrong, Anne? You look upset.

Anne: I think I (1)____________ (fail) the chemistry exam. I (2)____________ (study) hard
for it, but I guess I (3)______________ (not study) the right things. The professor
(4) ___________ (ask) really difficult questions.
Beth: I know. Tim and Joanna (5)____________ (tell) me it (6) _________ (be) too hard.
A lot of students (7)_______________ (complain) to Professor Harris. They
(8)___________ (say) it was impossible.
Anne: It (9) _________ (be)! I (10)____________(need) a good grade on the exam too,
because my other test results (11)_________________ (not be) that good. By the
way, how (12) _______ (be) your history exam?
Beth: We (13)_________ (have) 24 multiple choice questions and then we (14)_________
(write) two essay questions. Im not sure how I (15)_________ (do) but I think I
(16)_________(pass) it. It (17)____________( not be) bad. But I like history and I
(18)___________(spend) a lot of time on my homework.
Anne: Oh, here comes Jim! He just (19)_________ (have) the exam. Hi, Jim, how
(20) ________ (be) your exam?

65
Jim: Would you believe that I (21)_________ (miss) it! I (22)____________ (leave ) home
early this morning but the subway (23)___________(break) down in the Holland
Tunnel and we (24)_____________ (be) stuck there for 35 minutes. What a
bummer!
I have to make it up tomorrow.
Beth: Thats too bad. Well, lets forget about exams right now and have some lunch.
I m hungry.

EJERCICIOS DE AUTOEVALUACIN
I. Selecciona la respuesta para los siguientes dilogos.
1.
A: Pardon me. You look familiar to me. Where ____ you _____?
B: Im from Dorset, England. But Ive always lived in Scotland.
a) do/borned b) are/borned c) did/born d) were/born
2.
A: Im sorry! I couldnt make it on time.
B: Really! You _____late again for the tenth time.
What time ____ you _____up today?
A: Believe me, late enough. I overslept three hours.
B: Well, be sure to set your alarm clock properly next time.
a) are/do/ woke b) were/did/wake c) are/did/woke d) were/do/wake
3.
A: Oops! Im very sorry. I _________ a mistake. I _______ you with somebody else.
B: Oh! Never mind. Its nice to meet new people every day, dont you think so?
A: You are right. But sometimes it may be embarrassing!
a) did/confused b) had/confusing c) made/confused d) was/confusing

II. Lee el siguiente poema, y selecciona las respuestas para las preguntas.
A little gray kitten, By Shenya Gay
A little gray kitten with big yellow eyes
Looked into a mirror with the greatest surprise
For there in the mirror and just the same size
Was a little gray kitten with big yellow eyes.
1. How many kittens were there?
a) One b) two c) more than two d)none
2. What was just the same size?
a) the kitten b) the eyes c) the surprise d) the mirror
3. How did the kitten react?
a) It doesnt say b) It got angry c) It was happy d) It was amazed
4. What did the kitten see when it looked into the mirror?
a) nothing b) another kitten c) the greatest surprise d) itself
5. What size was the kitten?
a) It doesnt say b) Just the same size c) Big d)Little

66
 RESPUESTAS A LOS EJERCICIOS DE PRCTICA
Y AUTOEVALUACIN
UNIDAD 1
EJERCICIO DE PRCTICA
I
1. Fine, thank you 2. My name is 3. can / spell 4. to the blackboard 5. I dont understand

EJERCICIOS DE AUTOEVALUACIN
I
1.- Fine 2.- to 3.- Can 4.- Open 5.- books 6.- to
7.- Excuse 8.- May 9.- in 10.- does 11.- mean 12.- dont
13.-meaning 14.- go
II
1. b 2.- c 3.- b 4.-a 5.-b 6.-c 7.-c 8.-b 9-a 10.- c
Tabla de aciertos Total de aciertos: 29
29 = 100 23 = 79 27 = 93 21 = 72 25= 86 19 = 65
28 = 96 22 = 75 26 = 89 20= 68 24= 82 18= 62

UNIDAD 2
EJERCICIOS DE PRCTICA:
I
1. b 2..b 3. a 4. c 5. a 6.. b 7. c 8. a 9. a 10. b

EJERCICIOS DE AUTOEVALUACIN
II
1. Is she 2. No, she isnt. 3. Is he 4. Yes, he is 5. Are they
6. No, they arent 7. Is she 8. No, she isnt 9. Is it 10. Yes, it is
III
1. isnt 2. is 3. isnt 4. is 5.isnt
6. is 7. arent 8. are 9. arent 10.are
IV
1. his 2.her 3. my 4. our 5 their 6. its 7. his 8 her 9. your 10. her
V
1. clocks 3. tomatoes 5. toys 7. sandwiches 9. oxen
2. feet 4. children 6. universities 8. fish 10 women

Tabla de aciertos Total de aciertos: 50

50 = 100 45 = 90 40 = 80 35 = 70 30 = 60
49 = 98 44 = 88 39 = 78 34 = 68 29 = 58
48 = 96 43 = 86 38 = 76 33 = 66 28 = 56
47 = 94 42 = 84 37 = 74 32 = 64 27 = 54
46 = 92 41 = 82 36 = 72 31 = 62 26 = 52

67
UNIDAD 3
EJERCICIOS DE PRCTICA
I
1. is 2. arent 3. Is 4. Are 5. Is there
6. There are 7. Are there 8. There is / there arent 9. Are there 10. is
II
1. is / mall 2. There is / on 3. There is / Main St. and Second AV.
4. There is/ cinema /church 5.There is / between 6. There is / in front of
7. There is / across from 8. There is / on the corner of
9. There is / on Bristol St. / Second Av. 10. There are
III
1. a 2. an 3. an 4. a 5. a 6.an
IV.
1. nc 2. nc 3. c 4. c 5. nc 6. nc 7. nc 8. nc 9. c 10. nc 11. c 12. nc
13. nc 14. c 15 nc 16 nc 17. c 18. c 19. c 20. nc 21. c 22. nc 23. c 24. nc
V.
1. ninety-three 2. five hundred thirty-nine 3. eighteen 4. eight hundred forty-one
5. one thousand fifty-nine 6. one million, one thousand-one
VI
1.) 55690382 2.) 72514063 3.) 17350629
Total de aciertos Total de aciertos: 59
59=100 54=91 50= 84 45=76 40=67 35=59

EJERCICIOS DE AUTOEVALUACIN
I
1. C 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. B 6. B 7A

Tabla de aciertos Total de aciertos: 7

7=100 6=85 5=71 4=57

UNIDAD 4
EJERCICIOS DE PRCTICA
I.
1. Her mother is a receptionist and works at a doctors office.
2. Her friends are security guards and work at BBV Bank.
3. Her uncle is a mechanic and works in a garage.
4. Her aunt is a cashier and works at J C Pennys.
5. Her brother is a police officer and works at Crystal Bookstore.
II.
1. He can run very fast.
2. There are ten green big bottles on the shelf.
3. He is our new science teacher.
4. The English teacher seems friendly.
5. He is a very fast runner.

68
EJERCICIOS DE AUTOEVALUACIN
1) C 2) D 3) B 4) C 5) D
Tabla de aciertos Total de aciertos: 5
5=100 4=80 3=60 2=40

UNIDAD 5
EJERCICIOS DE PRCTICA
I.
1. Works 2. get up 3. eats 4. gives 5. come, come
II.
1. do you listen 3. does she finish 5. does he earn
2. Does he live 4. do they 6. does it snow
III.
1. lives 6. eat
2. work 7. doesnt like / does not
3. does / come 8. do / give
4. does 9. call
5. dont go / do not 10. play

Tabla de aciertos Total de aciertos: 21

21 = 100 20 = 95 19 = 90 18 = 85 17 = 80
16 = 75 15 = 70 14 = 65 13 = 60 12 = 55

EJERCICIOS DE AUTOEVALUACIN
I.
1. We usually eat fish on Friday.
2. It never rains in Death Valley.
3. It is sometimes very cold in the mornings.
4. He always goes to the movies on Wednesdays.
5. Do you often eat meat?
II.
1. makes 2. dont live / live 3. Covers 4. dont come / come 5. works / doesnt work
III.
1.- b 2.- b 3.- d 4.- c 5.- a
6.- b 7.- a 8.- a 9.- a 10.- b

Tabla de aciertos Total de aciertos: 21

21 = 100 15 = 71 13 = 61

UNIDAD 6
EJERCICIOS DE PRACTICA
I.
1. talking 4. admitting 7. making 10. driving
2. coming 5. running 8. slipping
3. cutting 6. drying 9. canceling

69
II.
1. is raining 2. is wearing 3. am making 4. are studying 5. are swimming
III.
1. What are you doing these days Mary?
2. We are running our own business.
3. Are you still living on campus?
4. No, we arent. We are living with Marys parents.
5. Are you still playing golf?
6. No, Im not, but Im learning to fly!
IV.
1. are finding 2. are spending 3. is beginning 4. are buying 5. are hiring
Tabla de aciertos Total de aciertos: 26
26 = 100 20 = 76 15 = 57

EJERCICIOS DE AUTOEVALUACION
I.
1. it snows 2. Im going 3. I go 4. Hes cooking
5. he goes 6. flows 7. she s working
II.
1.- a 2.- d 3.- b 4.- b 5.- b 6.- d 7.- b 8.- d 9.- d 10.- c

Tabla de aciertos Total de aciertos: 17

17 = 100 12 = 70 10 = 58
UNIDAD 7
I
1. are going have 6. is going to buy
2. are you going to do 7. is not going to tell
3. am going to visit 8. is going to be
4. is going to rain 9. am going to see
5. are going to get 10. am going to work
II
1. Is it going to rain tomorrow? 4. are they going to go?
2. Is she going to study (medicine)? 5. are they going to see?
3. are they going to drive to work today?
III
1. c 2. c 3. b 4. d 5. a
IV
1. are you going to do 6. am not going to do
2. am going to go 7. am going to have
3. are going to see 8. is (Brian) going to do
4. are you going to do 9. are going to go
5 is going to visit 10. are not going to be

Tabla de aciertos Total de aciertos: 30

30 = 100 25 = 83 20 = 66 15 = 50

70
UNIDAD 8
EJERCICIOS DE PRCTICA
I.
1. Its seven oclock.
3. Its fourteen past one.
5. Its quarter past nine.
7. Its one past eleven.
9. Its twelve before five.
II.
1. hot / humid
2. Its quarter to ten.
4. Its half past eight.
6. Its ten to eleven.
8. Its one minute before six.
10. Its three oclock.
2. freezing 3. hot / wet 4. hot / dry 5. cold

Tabla de aciertos Total de aciertos = 15

15=100 14=93 13=86 12=80 11=73 10=66 9 =60 8 =53

EJERCICIOS DE AUTOEVALUACIN
1. a 2. c 3. d 4. b 5. d 6. d 7. b 8. d

Tabla de aciertos Total de aciertos: 8

8=100 7=87 6=75 5=62 4=50

UNIDAD 9
EJERCICIO DE PRCTICA
I
1.- How much juice do you drink every morning?
2.- Do you know how much cholesterol is there in an egg?
3.- How many calories are there in a vanilla ice cream?
4.- How much do you spend on transportation a day?
5.- How many cans of soda are there in the refrigerator?

Tabla de aciertos Total de aciertos: 5

5 = 100 4 = 80 3 = 60 2 = 40

EJERCICIOS DE AUTOEVALUACION
I.
1. much / is 4. much / is there / 6. much / is there / kg
2. many / are 3kg 7. many / are there / 5
3. many / are there 5. much / is there

II.
1.- b 2.- a 3.- a 4.- a 5.- a
6.- c 7.- d 8.- b 9.- c 10.- d

Tabla de aciertos Total de aciertos: 17

17 = 100 16 = 94 15 = 88 14 = 82 13 = 76 12 = 70 11 = 64

71
UNIDAD 10
EJERCICIOS DE PRCTICA
I
a) Were b) were c) were d) was e) was
f) Were g) was h) Were i) Were j) was
II
1. Yes,I was/ No, I wasnt. 2. Yes, he/she was. / No, he/she wasnt
3. Last month / year. 4. It was
5. He was an English writer. 6. It was in 1914.
7. It was a film. 8. They were held in Mexico.
9. He was an Italian painter/architect. 10.In England / Liverpool
III
1.- visited 8.- corrected 15.- dropped
2.- invited 9.- studied 16.- played
3.- looked 10.- used 17.- hurried
4.- baked 11.- picked 18.- needed
5.- enjoyed 12.- tried 19.- carried
6.- worried 13.- stopped 20.- divided
7.- died 14.- lived 21.- loved
IV
1. made 2. drew 3. ate 4. wore 5. began 6. kept

EJERCICIOS DE AUTOEVALUACIN
I
1. stayed 5. went
2. Did / have / did 6. Did / study / didnt
1. played 7. saw
2. ate 8. didnt / learn

II
1. What time did you finish your homework?
2. Where did you go on your last vacation?
3. When did your classes start this semester?
4. How late did you stay up last night?
5. How long did you study last night ?
6. What did you have for dinner last night?
III.
1. failed 9. was 17. wasnt
2 studied hard 10. needed 18. spent
3. didnt study 11. werent 19. had
4. asked 12. was 20. was
5. told 13. had 21. missed
6. was 14.wrote 22. left
7.complained 15. did 23.broke
8. said 16.passed 24.were

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RESPUESTAS A LOS EJERCICIOS DE AUTOEVALUACIN
1. (d) 2. (b) 3. (c)

II.
1. (a) 2. (a) 3. (d) 4. (d) 5. (d)
Total de aciertos: 54
Tabla de aciertos

54 = 100
50 = 90
45 = 80
40 = 75
35 = 65
30 = 55

BIBLIOGRAFA
ALLEN, H. y VOELLER, E., Pathways to English 1, USA..McGraw-Hill.1984
BADALAMENTI, V y HENNER-STACHINA, C., Grammar Dimensions (Form, meaning and
use), Boston, Ma. Heinley & Heinley. Thowson Learning 2000
BEAUMONT, D. y GRANGER, C. The Heinemann English Grammar. London, U.K.
Heinemann International. 1989
DEFILIPPO, J. y MACKEY, D. Grammar Plus. Massachussets, USA.Addison-Wesley, 1987
HUBBARD, P. et al., Spotlight 2, Florida,USA.Hancourt, Brace Jovanovich,Inc.1988
NUNAN, D. Expressions 1 Boston, Ma. Heinley & Heinley. 2001
RAHT, C. et al. In Contact 1.Illinois, USA. ScottForesman. 1991
RICHARDS, J. Interchange. Intro. USA. Cambridge University Press. 1994
RICHARDS, J. et al. New Interchange 1.U.K.Cambridge University Press. 1997
STANLEY, N. et al. Think in English 1.Mxico. MacMillan. 1988
TAYLOR, J. y STANLEY, N. Gramtica DELTI de la Lengua Inglesa. Mxico. Delti. 1993
TAYLOR, J. et al. Reflections 1.London, U.K. MacMillan. 1994
YEDLIN, J. y RAUPP, M. Passport to English Mxico. Sitesa. 1986.
Basic Grammar in Use (Reference and practice for English students),Cambridge, University Press.

73
 UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AUTNOMA DE MXICO
ESCUELA NACIONAL PREPARATORIA
EXAMEN EXTRAORDINARIO 4to. Grado

I. Lee cuidadosamente el texto, elige una opcin de cada una de las preguntas
de la 1 a la 10 y antala en la hoja de respuestas.

LEARNING A SECOND LANGUAGE

1 Some people learn a second language easily. Other people have

2 trouble learning a new language. How can you help yourself learn a
3 new language, such as English? There are several ways to make
4 learning English a little easier and more interesting.
5 The first step is to feel positive about learning English. If you
6 believe that you can learn, you will learn. Be patient. You do not
7 have to understand everything all at once. It is natural to make
8 mistakes when you learn something new. We can learn from our
9 mistakes. In other words, do not worry about taking risks.
10 The second step is to practice your English. For example, write in
11 a journal, or diary, every day. You will get used to writing in English,
12 and you will feel comfortable expressing your ideas in English. After
13 several weeks, you will see that your writing is improving. In
14 addition, you must speak English every day. You can practice with
15 your classmates outside class. You will all make mistakes, but
16 gradually you will become comfortable communicating in English.
17 The third step is to keep a record of your language learning. You
18 can write this in your journal. After each class, think about what
19 you did. Did you answer a question correctly? Did you understand
20 something the teacher explained? Perhaps the lesson was difficult,
21 but you tried to understand it. Write these accomplishments in your
22 journal.
23 You must be positive about learning English and believe that you
24 can do it. It is important to practice every day and make a record of
25 your achievements. You will enjoy learning English, and you will
26 feel more confidence in yourself.

1. According to the text, learning a second language is

a) more difficult than other subjects
b) easy if you are confident about it
c) as difficult as other subjects
d) boring because you dont understand it

74
2. How many steps are mentioned to make English pleasant.
a) several
b) one
c) two
d) three

3. It is important that you understand everything.

a) true
b) false
c) it doesnt say
d) sometimes

4. Its _____________________ to make mistakes.

a) uncommon
b) normal
c) worrying
d) stressing

5. If you write and speak in order to practice your English, you will feel _____________
Expressing your ideas in English.
a) troubled
b) anxious
c) relaxed
d) unpleasant

6. According to the text, if you practice your English every day, you will
_______________
improve it.
a) gradually
b) gradual
c) slowly
d) happily

7. The third step is related to:

a) take down notes about your learning
b) practice your English
c) be confident about learning English
d) the previous ones
8. In line 21, it refers to:
a) teacher
b) lesson
c) class
d) question

9. Read the last paragraph carefully and choose the meaning of achievement
a) dudas
b) errores
c) fracasos
d) logros

75
 10. Whats the authors opinion about learning a second language?
a) Its very important to learn a second language.
b) Some people learn a second language easily. Other people do not.
c) There are ways to help you learn a second language more easily.
d) Its not important your attitude.

II. Elige la respuesta correcta y antala en la hoja de respuestas.

11. You want to know how to say a word in English. The correct question is:
a) How do you say entender in English?
b) How do you pronounce understand?
c) Can you repeat that, please?
d) How do you spell understand?

12. How do you ___________ that word?

a) to spell
b) spelt
c) spell
d) -------

13. Hello, I __________ William.

a) m
b) is
c) are
d) re

14. Where is she ___________?

a) for
b) at
c) from
d) to

15. Where __________ you live?

a) is
b) does
c) are
d) do

16. A. Excuse me, ______ is the post office?

B. Its on Malven Road, next to the bank.
a) why
b) who
c) when
d) where

17. There are _________ apples on the table.

a) any
b) some
c) a
d) an

76
18. There is a bank ________ to my house.
a) next
b) near
c) in front of
d) between

19. A. Excuse me. Is there a restaurant near here?

B. Ok, Go _______ the cinema and then turn left.
a) round
b) in
c) along
d) off

20. My mother works in a hospital. She is a _____________.

a) nurse
b) engineer
c) fireman
d) pilot

21. My cousins mother is my _____________.

a) mother
b) uncle
c) aunt
d) sister
22. I ___________ two brothers and one sister.
a) has
b) have
c) am
d) are

23. Laura always ________ to the gym on Saturdays.

a) go
b) goes
c) doesnt go
d) doesnt goes

24. Id like two _______________ of bread, please.

a) loaves
b) loafs
c) loaf
d) slice

25. A. What kind of music ________ you like?

B. I like pop a lot.
a) does
b) -------
c) do
d) is

77
 26. Tony and I ___________ on the computer at the moment.
a) are working
b) works
c) is going to work
d) work
27. A. Where is your mom?
B. She is in the kitchen. She ______________ right now.
a) are cooking
b) was cooking
c) is cooking
d) am cooking
28. A.Where are the children now?
B. They ______________ computer games.
a) play
b) is playing
c) plays
d) are playing
29. A. How long is he ______________?
B. 5 nights.
a) going to stay
b) going stay
c) going to staying
d) stay
30. A. What are you going to do this weekend?
B. Im ___________ visit a museum.
a) go to
b) going
c) go
d) going to
31. Mary ___________ a cake tomorrow.
a) makes
b) are going to make
c) is going to make
d) is going make
32. A. What time is it?
B. Its (8:30) ___________________.
a) eight thirteen
b) eight thirty
c) quarter past eight
d) half to eight
33. Its really hot! Whats the weather like?
a) Its cloudy
b) Its rainy
c) Its windy
d) Its sunny

78
34. Whens your birthday?
a) Its on January seventh
b) Its in January seventh
c) Its at January seventh
d) Its of January seventh

35. A. How _________ is this leather jacket?

B. Its 499. Would you like to try it on?
a) much
b) many
c) long
d) far
36. The cotton dress is ____________ than the wool one.
a) pretty
b) the prettiest
c) prettier
d) as pretty

37. A. Whats size are you?

B. Im _____________.
a) loose
b) long
c) leather
d) large

38. A. Who is he?

B. Hes Mark. I _________ him last week.
a) met
b) didnt met
c) dont meet
d) meet

39. _______ she ______ to Acapulco last Summer?

a) did; went
b) did; go
c) did; gone
d) did; goes

40. A. Did they play tennis yesterday?

B. No, they ___________it a day before yesterday.
a) played
b) dont play
c) didnt play
d) did play

79
 Respuestas del Examen Modelo

Reactivo Respuesta Reactivo Respuesta

1 B 21 C
2 D 22 B
3 B 23 B
4 B 24 A
5 C 25 C
6 A 26 A
7 A 27 C
8 B 28 D
9 D 29 A
10 C 30 D
11 A 31 C
12 C 32 B
13 A 33 D
14 C 34 A
15 D 35 A
16 D 36 C
17 B 37 D
18 A 38 A
19 C 39 B
20 A 40 A

80