Queda prohibida, salvo excepcin prevista en la ley, cualquier forma de reproduccin,

distribucin, comunicacin pblica y transformacin, total o parcial, de esta obra sin contar con
autorizacin escrita de los titulares del Copyright. La infraccin de los derechos mencionados
puede ser constitutiva de delito contra la propiedad intelectual (Artculos 270 y ss. del Cdigo
Penal).
EVIDENCIA Y REALIDAD EN DESCARTES
 COLECCIN FILOSFICA NM. 1

FACULTAD DE FILOSOFA Y LETRAS

UNIVERSIDAD DE NAVARRA

Consejo Editorial
Director: Prof. Dr. ngel Luis Gonzlez
Vocal: Prof. Dra. Mara Jess Soto
Secretario: Prof. Dra. Lourdes Flamarique

Primera edicin: Ediciones Rialp, S.A. (1963)

Segunda edicin: Ediciones Universidad de Navarra, S.A. (1996)
Tercera edicin: Agosto 2007

2007. Leonardo Polo

Ediciones Universidad de Navarra, S.A. (EUNSA)
Plaza de los Sauces, 1 y 2. 31010 Barain (Navarra) - Espaa
Telfono: +34 948 25 68 50 - Fax: +34 948 25 68 54
e-mail: info@eunsa.es

ISBN: 978-84-313-2487-2
Depsito legal: NA 2.132-2007

Composicn: Adolfo Castao de Len

Imprime: Grficas Alzate, S.L. Pol. Comarca 2. Galar (Navarra)

Printed in Spain - Impreso en Espaa

4
 LEONARDO POLO

EVIDENCIA Y REALIDAD
EN DESCARTES
Tercera edicin revisada

EDICIONES UNIVERSIDAD DE NAVARRA, S.A.

PAMPLONA
 PREMIO MENNDEZ PELAYO
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 COLECCIN FILOSFICA

1. LEONARDO POLO: Evidencia y realidad en Descartes (3. ed.).

2. KLAUS M. BECKER: Zur Aporie der geschichtlichen Wahrheit (agotado).
3. JOAQUN FERRER ARELLANO: Filosofa de las relaciones jurdicas (La relacin
en s misma, las relaciones sociales, las relaciones de Derecho) (agotado).
4. FREDERIK D. WILHELMSEN: El problema de la trascendencia en la metafsica
actual (agotado).
5. LEONARDO POLO: El Acceso al ser (agotado).
6. JOS MIGUEL PERO-SANZ ELORZ: El conocimiento por connaturalidad (La afec-
tividad en la gnoseologa tomista) (agotado).
7. LEONARDO POLO: El ser (Tomo I: La existencia extramental) (2. ed.).
8. WOLFGANG STROBL: La realidad cientfica y su crtica filosfica (agotado).
9. JUAN CRUZ: Filosofa de la Estructura (2. ed.) (agotado).
10. JESS GARCA LPEZ: Doctrina de Santo Toms sobre la verdad (agotado).
11. HEINRICH BECK: El ser como acto.
12. JAMES G. COLBERT, JR.: La evolucin de la lgica simblica y sus implicacio-
nes filosficas (agotado).
13. FRITZ JOACHIM VON RINTELEN: Values in European Thought (agotado).
14. ANTONIO LIVI: Etienne Gilson: Filosofa cristiana e idea del lmite crtico (pr-
logo de Etienne Gilson) (agotado).
15. AGUSTN RIERA MATUTE: La articulacin del conocimiento sensible (agotado).
16. JORGE YARCE: La comunicacin personal (Anlisis de una teora existencial de
la intersubjetividad) (agotado).
17. J. LUIS FERNNDEZ RODRGUEZ: El ente de razn en Francisco de Araujo (ago-
tado).
18. ALEJANDRO LLANO CIFUENTES: Fenmeno y trascendencia en Kant (2. ed.).
19. EMILIO DAZ ESTVEZ: El teorema de Gdel (Exposicin y crtica) (agotado).
20. AUTORES VARIOS: Veritas et sapientia. En el VII centenario de Santo Toms
de Aquino.
21. IGNACIO FALGUERAS SALINAS: La res cogitans en Espinosa (agotado).
22. JESS GARCA LPEZ: El conocimiento de Dios en Descartes (agotado).
23. JESS GARCA LPEZ: Estudios de metafsica tomista (agotado).
24. WOLFGANG RD: La filosofa dialctica moderna (agotado).
25. JUAN JOS SANGUINETI: La filosofa de la ciencia segn Santo Toms (agotado).
26. FANNIE A. SIMONPIETRI MONEFELDT: Lo individual y sus relaciones internas en
Alfred North Whitehead.
27. JACINTO CHOZA: Conciencia y afectividad (Aristteles, Nietzsche, Freud) (2.
ed.).
28. CORNELIO FABRO: Percepcin y pensamiento.
29. ETIENNE GILSON: El tomismo (4. ed.).
30. RAFAEL ALVIRA: La nocin de finalidad (agotado).
31. NGEL LUIS GONZLEZ: Ser y Participacin (Estudio sobre la cuarta va de To-
ms de Aquino) (3. ed.).
32. ETIENNE GILSON: El ser y los filsofos (5. ed.).
33. RAL ECHAURI: El pensamiento de Etienne Gilson (agotado).
34. LUIS CLAVELL: El nombre propio de Dios, segn Santo Toms de Aquino (ago-
tado).
35. C. FABRO, F. OCRIZ, C. VANSTEENKISTE, A. LIVI: Toms de Aquino, tambin
hoy (2. ed.).
36. MARA JOS PINTO CANTISTA: Sentido y ser en Merleau-Ponty (agotado).
37. JUAN CRUZ CRUZ: Hombre e historia en Vico. (La barbarie de la reflexin.
Idea de la historia en Vico. Editado en la Coleccin NT) (agotado).
38. TOMS MELENDO: Ontologa de los opuestos (agotado).
39. JUAN CRUZ CRUZ: Intelecto y razn. Las coordenadas del pensamiento clsico
(agotado).
40. JORGE VICENTE ARREGUI: Accin y sentido en Wittgenstein (agotado).
41. LEONARDO POLO: Curso de teora del conocimiento (Tomo I) (3. ed.).
42. ALEJANDRO LLANO: Metafsica y lenguaje (2. ed.).
43. JAIME NUBIOLA: El compromiso esencialista de la lgica modal. Estudio de Qui-
ne y Kripke (2. ed.).
44. TOMS ALVIRA: Naturaleza y libertad (Estudio de los conceptos tomistas de
voluntas ut natura y voluntas ut ratio) (agotado).
45. LEONARDO POLO: Curso de teora del conocimiento (Tomo II) (4. ed.).
46. DANIEL INNERARITY: Praxis e intersubjetividad (La teora crtica de Jrgen
Habermas) (agotado).
47. RICHARD C. JEFFREY: Lgica formal: Su alcance y sus lmites (2. ed.).
48. JUAN CRUZ CRUZ: Existencia y nihilismo. Introduccin a la filosofa de Jacobi
(agotado).
49. ALFREDO CRUZ PRADOS: La sociedad como artificio. El pensamiento poltico
de Hobbes (2. ed.).
50. JESS DE GARAY: Los sentidos de la forma en Aristteles.
51. ALICE RAMOS: Signum: De la semitica universal a la metafsica del signo.
52. LEONARDO POLO: Curso de teora del conocimiento (Tomo III).(3. ed.).
53. MARA JESS SOTO BRUNA: Individuo y unidad. La substancia individual segn
Leibniz.
54. RAFAEL ALVIRA: Reivindicacin de la voluntad.
55. JOS MARA ORTIZ IBARZ: El origen radical de las cosas. Metafsica leibnicia-
na de la creacin.
56. LUIS FERNANDO MGICA: Tradicin y revolucin. Filosofa y sociedad en el
pensamiento de Louis de Bonald.
57. VCTOR SANZ: La teora de la posibilidad en Francisco Surez.
58. MARIANO ARTIGAS: Filosofa de la ciencia experimental (3. ed.).
59. ALFONSO GARCA MARQUS: Necesidad y substancia (Averroes y su proyeccin
en Toms de Aquino).
60. MARA ELTON BULNES: Amor y reflexin. La teora del amor puro de Fnelon
en el contexto del pensamiento moderno.
61. MIQUEL BASTONS: Conocimiento y libertad. La teora kantiana de la accin.
62. LEONOR GMEZ CABRANES: El poder y lo posible. Sus sentidos en Aristteles.
63. AMALIA QUEVEDO: Ens per accidens. Contingencia y determinacin en Aris-
tteles.
64. ALEJANDRO NAVAS: La teora sociolgica de Niklas Luhmann.
65. MARA ANTONIA LABRADA: Belleza y racionalidad: Kant y Hegel (2. ed.).
66. ALICIA GARCA-NAVARRO: Psicologa del razonamiento.
67. PATRIZIA BONAGURA: Exterioridad e interioridad: La tensin filosfico-educa-
tiva de algunas pginas platnicas.
68. LOURDES FLAMARIQUE: Necesidad y conocimiento. Fundamentos de la teora
crtica de I. Kant.
69. BEATRIZ CIPRIANI THORNE: Accin social y mundo de la vida. Estudio de Schtz
y Weber.
 70. CARMEN SEGURA: La dimensin reflexiva de la verdad. Una interpretacin de
Toms de Aquino.
71. MARA GARCA AMILBURU: La existencia en Kierkegaard.
72. ALEJO G. SISON: La virtud: sntesis de tiempo y eternidad. La tica en la es-
cuela de Atenas.
73. JOS MARA AGUILAR LPEZ: Trascendencia y alteridad. Estudio sobre E. L-
vinas.
74. CONCEPCIN NAVAL DURN: Educacin, retrica y potica. Tratado de la
educacin en Aristteles.
75. FERNANDO HAYA SEGOVIA: Toms de Aquino ante la crtica. La articulacin
trascendental de conocimiento y ser.
76. MARIANO ARTIGAS: La inteligibilidad de la naturaleza (2. ed.).
77. JOS MIGUEL ODERO: La fe en Kant.
78. MARA DEL CARMEN DOLBY MGICA: El hombre es imagen de Dios. Visin
antropolgica de San Agustn.
79. RICARDO YEPES STORK: La doctrina del acto en Aristteles.
80. PABLO GARCA RUIZ: Poder y sociedad. La sociologa poltica en Talcott Par-
sons.
81. HIGINIO MARN PEDREO: La antropologa aristotlica como filosofa de la
cultura.
82. MANUEL FONTN DEL JUNCO: El significado de lo esttico. La Crtica del Jui-
cio y la filosofa de Kant.
83. JOS NGEL GARCA CUADRADO: Hacia una semntica realista. La filosofa
del lenguaje de San Vicente Ferrer.
84. MARA PA CHIRINOS: Intencionalidad y verdad en el juicio. Una propuesta de
Brentano.
85. IGNACIO MIRALBELL: El dinamicismo voluntarista de Duns Escoto. Una trans-
formacin del aristotelismo.
86. LEONARDO POLO: Curso de teora del conocimiento (Tomo IV/Primera parte).
87. PATRICIA MOYA CAAS: El principio del conocimiento en Toms de Aquino.
88. MARIANO ARTIGAS: El desafo de la racionalidad (2. ed.).
89. NICOLS DE CUSA: La visin de Dios (5. ed.). Traduccin e introduccin de
ngel Luis Gonzlez.
90. JAVIER VILLANUEVA: Noologa y reologa: una relectura de Xavier Zubiri.
91. LEONARDO POLO: Introduccin a la Filosofa (3. ed.).
92. JUAN FERNANDO SELLS DAUDER: Conocer y amar. Estudio de los objetos y
operaciones del entendimiento y de la voluntad segn Toms de Aquino (2.
ed.).
93. MARINA MARTNEZ: El pensamiento poltico de Samuel Taylor Coleridge.
94. MIGUEL PREZ DE LABORDA: La razn frente al insensato. Dialctica y fe en el
argumento del Proslogion de San Anselmo.
95. CONCEPCIN NAVAL DURN: Educar ciudadanos. La polmica liberal-comu-
nitarista en educacin (2. ed.).
96. CARMEN INNERARITY GRAU: Teora kantiana de la accin. La fundamentacin
trascendental de la moralidad.
97. JESS GARCA LPEZ: Lecciones de metafsica tomista. Ontologa. Nociones
comunes.
98. JESS GARCA LPEZ: El conocimiento filosfico de Dios.
99. JUAN CRUZ CRUZ (editor): Metafsica de la familia.
100. MARA JESS SOTO BRUNA: La recomposicin del espejo. Anlisis histrico-
filosfico de la idea de expresin.
101. JOSEP CORC JUVI: Novedades en el universo. La cosmovisin emergentista
de Karl R. Popper.
102. JORGE MARIO POSADA: La fsica de causas en Leonardo Polo. La congruencia
de la fsica filosfica y su distincin y compatibilidad con la fsica matemti-
ca.
103. ENRIQUE R. MOROS CLARAMUNT: Modalidad y esencia. La metafsica de Alvin
Plantinga.
104. FRANCISCO CONESA: Dios y el mal. La defensa del tesmo frente al problema
del mal segn Alvin Plantinga.
105. ANA MARTA GONZLEZ: Naturaleza y dignidad. Un estudio desde Robert
Spaemann.
106. MARA JOS FRANQUET: Persona, accin y libertad. Las claves de la antropo-
loga en Karol Wojtyla.
107. FRANCISCO JAVIER PREZ GUERRERO: La creacin como asimilacin a Dios.
Un estudio desde Toms de Aquino.
108. SERGIO SNCHEZ-MIGALLN GRANADOS: La tica de Franz Brentano.
109. LEONARDO POLO: Curso de teora del conocimiento (Tomo IV/Segunda parte).
110. CONCEPCIN NAVAL DURN: Educacin como praxis. Elementos filosfico-
educativos.
111. M. ELVIRA MARTNEZ ACUA: La articulacin de los principios en el sistema
crtico kantiano. Concordancia y finalidad.
112. LEONARDO POLO: Sobre la existencia cristiana.
113. LEONARDO POLO: La persona humana y su crecimiento (2. ed.).
114. YOLANDA ESPIA: La razn musical en Hegel.
115. NGEL LUIS GONZLEZ (editor): Las demostraciones de la existencia de Dios
segn Leibniz (2. ed.).
116. JAVIER ARANGUREN ECHEVARRA: El lugar del hombre en el universo. Anima
forma corporis en el pensamiento de Santo Toms de Aquino.
117. FERNANDO HAYA SEGOVIA: El ser personal. De Toms de Aquino a la metaf-
sica del don.
118. MNICA CODINA: El sigilo de la memoria. Tradicin y nihilismo en la narrati-
va de Dostoyevski.
119. JESS GARCA LPEZ: Lecciones de metafsica tomista. Gnoseologa. Princi-
pios gnoseolgicos bsicos.
120. MONTSERRAT HERRERO LPEZ: El nomos y lo poltico: la filosofa poltica de
Carl Schmitt (2. ed.).
121. LEONARDO POLO: Nominalismo, idealismo y realismo (2. ed.).
122. MIGUEL ALEJANDRO GARCA JARAMILLO: La cogitativa en Toms de Aquino y
sus fuentes.
123. CRISTBAL ORREGO SNCHEZ: H.L.A. Hart. Abogado del positivismo jurdico.
124. CARLOS CARDONA: Olvido y memoria del ser.
125. CARLOS AUGUSTO CASANOVA GUERRA: Verdad escatolgica y accin intra-
mundana. La teora poltica de Eric Voegelin.
126. CARLOS RODRGUEZ LLUESMA: Los modales de la pasin. Adam Smith y la so-
ciedad comercial.
127. LVARO PEZOA BISSIRES: Poltica y economa en el pensamiento de John
Locke.
128. TOMS DE AQUINO: Cuestiones disputadas sobre el mal. Presentacin, traduc-
cin y notas por David Ezequiel Tllez Maqueo.
129. BEATRIZ SIERRA Y ARIZMENDIARRIETA: Dos formas de libertad en J.J. Rousse-
au.
130. ENRIQUE R. MOROS: El argumento ontolgico modal de Alvin Plantinga.
131. JUAN A. GARCA GONZLEZ: Teora del conocimiento humano.
132. JOS IGNACIO MURILLO: Operacin, hbito y reflexin. El conocimiento como
clave antropolgica en Toms de Aquino.
133. ANA MARTA GONZLEZ: Moral, razn y naturaleza. Una investigacin sobre
Toms de Aquino (2. ed.).
134. PABLO BLANCO SARTO: Hacer arte, interpretar el arte. Esttica y hermenuti-
ca en Luigi Pareyson (1914-1991).
135. MARA CEREZO: Lenguaje y lgica en el Tractatus de Wittgenstein. Crtica in-
terna y problemas de interpretacin.
136. MARIANO ARTIGAS: Lgica y tica en Karl Popper. (Se incluyen unos comen-
tarios inditos de Popper sobre Bartley y el racionalismo crtico) (2. ed.).
137. JOAQUN FERRER ARELLANO: Metafsica de la relacin y de la alteridad. Per-
sona y Relacin.
138. MARA ANTONIA LABRADA: Esttica.
139. RICARDO YEPES STORK Y JAVIER ARANGUREN ECHEVARRA: Fundamentos de
Antropologa. Un ideal de la excelencia humana (5. ed.).
140. IGNACIO FALGUERAS SALINAS: Hombre y destino.
141. LEONARDO POLO: Antropologa trascendental. Tomo I. La persona humana
(2. ed.).
142. JAIME ARAOS SAN MARTN: La filosofa aristotlica del lenguaje.
143. MARIANO ARTIGAS: La mente del universo (2. ed.).
144. RAFAEL ALVIRA, NICOLS GRIMALDI Y MONTSERRAT HERRERO (editores): So-
ciedad civil. La democracia y su destino (2. ed.).
145. MODESTO SANTOS: En defensa de la razn. Estudios de tica (2. ed.).
146. LOURDES FLAMARIQUE: Schleiermacher. La Filosofa frente al enigma del
hombre.
147. LEONARDO POLO: Hegel y el posthegelianismo (3. ed.).
148. M. ALEJANDRA CARRASCO BARRAZA: Consecuencialismo. Por qu no.
149. LDIA FIGUEIREDO: La filosofa narrativa de Alasdair MacIntyre.
150. TOMS MELENDO: Dignidad humana y biotica.
151. JOSEP IGNASI SARANYANA: Historia de la Filosofa Medieval (3. ed.) (agota-
do).
152. ALFREDO CRUZ PRADOS: Ethos y Polis. Bases para una reconstruccin de la
filosofa poltica (2. ed.).
153. CLAUDIA RUIZ ARRIOLA: Tradicin, Universidad y Virtud. Filosofa de la edu-
cacin superior en Alasdair MacIntyre.
154. FRANCISCO ALTAREJOS MASOTA Y CONCEPCIN NAVAL DURN: Filosofa de la
Educacin (2. ed./1. reimpr.).
155. ROBERT SPAEMANN: Personas. Acerca de la distincin entre algo y al-
guien.
156. M. SOCORRO FERNNDEZ-GARCA: La Omnipotencia del Absoluto en Leibniz
(2. ed.).
157. IGNACIO FALGUERAS SALINAS: De la razn a la fe por la senda de Agustn de
Hipona.
158. JAVIER ARANGUREN ECHEVARRA: Resistir en el bien. Razones de la virtud de
la fortaleza en Santo Toms de Aquino.
159. SANTIAGO COLLADO: Nocin de hbito en la teora del conocimiento de Polo.
160. LUIS M. CRUZ: Derecho y expectativa. Una interpretacin de la teora jurdi-
ca de Jeremy Bentham.
161. HCTOR ESQUER GALLARDO: El lmite del pensamiento. La propuesta metdi-
ca de Leonardo Polo.
162. ENCARNA LLAMAS: Charles Taylor: una antropologa de la identidad.
163. IGNACIO YARZA: La racionalidad de la tica de Aristteles. Un estudio sobre
tica a Nicmaco I.
164. JULIA URABAYEN PREZ: El pensamiento antropolgico de Gabriel Marcel:
un canto al ser humano.
165. CARLOS GUSTAVO PARDO: La formacin intelectual de Thomas S. Kuhn. Una
aproximacin biogrfica a la teora del desarrollo cientfico.
166. SALVADOR PI TARAZONA: El hombre como ser dual. Estudio de las dualida-
des radicales segn la Antropologa trascendental de Leonardo Polo.
167. FERNANDO INCIARTE: Liberalismo y republicanismo. Ensayos de filosofa pol-
tica.
168. F. JAVIER VIDAL LPEZ: Significado, comprensin y realismo.
169. MARA DE LAS MERCEDES ROVIRA REICH: Ortega desde el humanismo clsico.
170. JUAN ANDRS MERCADO: El sentimiento como racionalidad: La filosofa de la
creencia en David Hume.
171. RAQUEL LZARO CANTERO: La sociedad comercial en Adam Smith. Mtodo,
moral, religin.
172. CRUZ GONZLEZ AYESTA: Hombre y verdad. Gnoseologa y antropologa del
conocimiento en las Q. D. De Trinitate.
173. JAIME ANDRS WILLIAMS: El argumento de la apuesta de Blaise Pascal.
174. LUIS XAVIER LPEZ FARJEAT: Teoras aristotlicas del discurso.
175. MIKEL GOTZON SANTAMARA GARAI: Accin, persona, libertad. Max Scheler
Toms de Aquino.
176. JOS TOMS ALVARADO MARAMBIO: Hilary Putnam: el argumento de teora
de modelos contra el realismo.
177. MIGUEL GARCA-VALDECASAS: El sujeto en Toms de Aquino. La perspectiva
clsica sobre un problema moderno.
178. FRANCISCO XAVIER MIRANDA: La interpretacin filosfica del clculo infinite-
simal en el sistema de Hegel.
179. LEONARDO POLO: Antropologa trascendental. Tomo II. La esencia de la per-
sona humana.
180. JUAN CRUZ CRUZ: Fichte. La subjetividad como manifestacin del absoluto.
181. FERNANDO INCIARTE: Tiempo, sustancia, lenguaje. Ensayos de metafsica.
Edicin de Lourdes Flamarique.
182. LEONARDO POLO: Curso de teora del conocimiento (Tomo IV) (2. ed.).
183. JUAN FERNANDO SELLS (ED.): Propuestas antropolgicas del siglo XX (I) (2.
ed.).
184. VCTOR SANZ SANTACRUZ: De Descartes a Kant. Historia de la Filosofa Mo-
derna (3. ed.).
185. JULIA URABAYEN: Las races del humanismo de Levinas: el judasmo y la fe-
nomenologa.
186. SANTIAGO ARGELLO: Posibilidad y principio de plenitud en Toms de Aqui-
no.
187. LEONARDO POLO: Nietzsche como pensador de dualidades.
188. PATRICIA SAPORITI: Pascal y Kant. Pensar lo incognoscible.
189. JOS MARA TORRALBA: Accin intencional y razonamiento prctico segn
G.E.M. Anscombe.
190. CRUZ GONZLEZ-AYESTA: La verdad como bien segn Toms de Aquino.
191. JUAN CRUZ CRUZ: Creacin, signo y verdad. Metafsica de la relacin en To-
ms de Aquino.
192. ALEJANDRO NSTOR GARCA MARTNEZ: El proceso de la civilizacin en la so-
ciologa de Norbert Elias.
193. ALEJANDRO G. VIGO: Estudios aristotlicos.
194. SCAR JIMNEZ TORRES: Elementos de las ciencias demostrativas en Aristte-
les.
195. JESS GARCA LPEZ: Escritos de antropologa filosfica.
196. CLAUDIA CARBONELL: Movimiento y forma en Aristteles.
197. JUAN FERNANDO SELLS (ED.): Propuestas antropolgicas del siglo XX (II).
198. JOS ALBERTO ROSS HERNNDEZ: Dios, eternidad y movimiento en Aristte-
les.
199. LEONARDO POLO: Persona y libertad. Edicin, introduccin y notas de Rafael
Corazn.

INICIACIN FILOSFICA

1. TOMS ALVIRA, LUIS CLAVELL, TOMS MELENDO: Metafsica (8. ed.).

2. JUAN JOS SANGUINETI: Lgica (6. ed.).
4. ALEJANDRO LLANO: Gnoseologa (6. ed./1. reimpr.).
5. IAKI YARZA: Historia de la Filosofa Antigua (5. ed.).
6. MARIANO ARTIGAS: Filosofa de la Naturaleza (6. ed.).
7. TOMS MELENDO: Introduccin a la Filosofa (2. ed.).
9. NGEL LUIS GONZLEZ: Teologa Natural (5. ed.).
10. ALFREDO CRUZ PRADOS: Historia de la Filosofa Contempornea (2. ed./2.
reimpr.).
11. NGEL RODRGUEZ LUO: tica general (5. ed.).
13. JUAN CRUZ CRUZ: Filosofa de la historia (2. ed.).
15. GABRIEL CHALMETA: tica social. Familia, profesin y ciudadana (3. ed.).
16. JOS PREZ ADN: Sociologa. Concepto y usos.
17. RAFAEL CORAZN GONZLEZ: Agnosticismo. Races, actitudes y consecuencias.
18. MARIANO ARTIGAS: Filosofa de la ciencia (1. reimpr.).
19. JOSEP-IGNASI SARANYANA: Breve historia de la Filosofa Medieval.
20. JOS NGEL GARCA CUADRADO: Antropologa filosfica. Una introduccin a
la Filosofa del Hombre (3. ed.).
21. RAFAEL CORAZN GONZLEZ: Filosofa del Conocimiento.
22. MARIANO ARTIGAS: Ciencia, razn y fe (1. reimpr.).
23. J. LUIS FERNNDEZ Y M. JESS SOTO: Historia de la Filosofa Moderna (2.
ed.).
24. MARIANO ARTIGAS: Las fronteras del evolucionismo.
25. IGNACIO YARZA: Introduccin a la esttica.
26. GLORIA MARA TOMS: Cuestiones actuales de Biotica.
27. ANTONIO MALO P: Introduccin a la psicologa.