Libro PDF

Coleccin Seguridad de la Informacin
DELITOS
INFORMATICOS
Lima, Mayo del 2001
Preparado
: Direccin Tcnica de Normatividad y Promocin

Impreso en los Talleres de la Oficina Tcnica de
Administracin (OTA)
del Instituto Nacional de Estadstica e Informtica (INEI)
Diagramacin : Centro de Edicin de la OTD
Edicin
: 300 Ejemplares
Domicilio
: Av. Gral. Garzn N 654 Jess Mara - Lima 11
Orden
: N 228 - OI - OTA - INEI
Depsito Legal : N 1501132001-0899
Presentacin
El Instituto Nacional de Estadstica e Informtica (INEI), rgano rector de los
Sistemas Nacionales de Estadstica e Informtica, pone a disposicin de las Instituciones
pblicas y privadas, el documento DELITOS INFORMATICOS, en el marco de la
coleccin Seguridad de Informacin.
La presente publicacin registra en ocho captulos, la evolucin histrica de los delitos
informticos, los casos mas sonados de crmenes utilizando la computadora.
Presenta adems, los usos de las nuevas tecnologas, riesgos y oportunidades, que
surgen del comercio electrnico, como: delitos en Internet, responsabilidad del proveedor,
medios de prevencin y control en Internet y los conflictos jurisdiccionales.
En relacin a los Delitos Informticos, se precisan los conceptos de fraude y delito, se
estudia la diversa terminologa asociada al delitos informtico, se presenta las peculiaridades de
la criminalidad informtica. Tambin describe al tipo de delincuente informtico y los tipos de
delitos reconocidos por las Naciones Unidas, as como la estrategia internacional de represin.
Es importante destacar el estudio del impacto econmico y social de los delitos
informticos, las acciones de prevencin, as como las polticas y medidas de seguridad de
informacin, que incluyen las acciones antes y despus de una intromisin y la auditora de
Finalmente, a nombre del Instituto Nacional de Estadstica e Informtica, expreso mi
agradecimiento y reconocimiento a las entidades pblicas e investigadores nacionales, que
proporcionaron material y experiencias, para la presente publicacin.
Lima, Mayo del 2001
Gilberto Moncada Vigo

Jefe
Instituto Nacional de Estadstica e Informtica
INDICE
Introduccin
1. HISTORIA DE LOS DELITOS INFORMATICOS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.1 Casos Identificados ................................................................................. 7
1.2 Casos Annimos Sonados de Crimen por Computadora ....................... 12
. Resumen de los actos de Cibervandalismo ms conocidos
en el ciberespacio .............................................................................. 16
2. EL USO DE LAS NUEVAS TECNOLOGAS, RIESGOS Y
OPORTUNIDADES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
Comercio Electrnico ........................................................................... 20

Delitos en Internet................................................................................. 22
Responsabilidad del proveedor ............................................................. 23
Medios de control y prevencin en Internet ........................................... 24
Conflictos jurisdiccionales ..................................................................... 25
Problemtica de los derechos de autor ................................................. 26
3. DELITOS INFORMATICOS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
3.1 Concepto de Fraude y Delito ................................................................ 28
3.2 Definicin de Delito Informtico ........................................................... 29
3.3 Terminologa sobre Delitos ................................................................... 33
3.4 Clasificacin de los Delitos Informticos ............................................... 33
3.5 Peculiaridades de la Criminalidad Informtica ...................................... 36
3.6 Tipos de Delincuente Informtico: Sujetos Activos Pasivos ..................... 37
3.7 Categora de Ataques ........................................................................... 38
3.8 Tipos de Delitos Informticos reconocidos por las Naciones Unidas...... 41
3.9 Fraude Informtico.............................................................................. 43
3.10 Comportamiento Delictivo Informtico................................................. 44
3.11 Delitos Informticos Tipificados en el Cdigo Penal Peruano ............. 45
3.12 Tratamiento Internacional................................................................... 50
3.12.1 Organismos Internacionales ................................................... 50
3.12.2 Legislacin en otros Pases ..................................................... 53
3.13 Estadsticas sobre los Delitos Informticos ........................................... 68
4. LOS DELITOS INFORMATICOS Y EL IMPACTO EN LA
SOCIEDAD Y ECONOMIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
Concepto de Sociedad .......................................................................... 70

Efectos de los Delitos Informticos en la Sociedad.................................. 70
Efectos de los Delitos Informticos en la Economa ................................ 72
Derecho a la Intimidad .......................................................................... 73
El derecho a la proteccin de datos ....................................................... 75
5. PREVENCION FRENTE A LOS DELITOS INFORMATICOS . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

5.1 Prevencin ........................................................................................... 76
5.1.1 Piratera.......................................................................................76
5.1.2 Contratos Informticos ................................................................78
5.1.3 Proteccin y desproteccin de programas ....................................80
5.1.4 Propiedad Intelectual en Internet..................................................82
5.1.5 La Proteccin del Software en el Per ..........................................85
6. SEGURIDAD DE SISTEMAS INFORMATICOS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
6.1 Desarrollando una poltica de seguridad .................................................88
6.2 Formas de asegurar su sistema ...............................................................88
6.2.1 Seguridad basada en la mquina .................................................88
6.2.2 Seguridad de red ..........................................................................89
6.2.3 Seguridad a travs de la oscuridad ...............................................89
6.3 Preparacin de la Seguridad ...................................................................89
6.3.1 Haga una copia de Seguridad Completa de la Mquina ..............90
6.3.2 Planificando una buena Poltica de Copias de Seguridad .............90
6.4 Contingencias Frente al Delito..................................................................90
6.4.1 Copias de seguridad ...................................................................90
6.4.2 Cortafuegos (Firewall)...................................................................91
6.4.3 Encriptacin .................................................................................93
6.4.4 Firma Electrnica..........................................................................96
6.5 Seguridad Informtica.............................................................................98
6.5.1 Seguridad del Entorno de Operaciones .....................................100
6.5.2 Seguridad de la red ...................................................................103
7. QUE HACER DURANTE Y DESPUES DE UNA INTROMISION . . . . . . 106
7.1 Compromisos de Seguridad ................................................................106
7.2 Cerrar el Agujero .................................................................................107
7.3 Evaluando los daos ............................................................................107
7.3.1 Rastreando al intruso.................................................................107
8. AUDITORIA A LA SEGURIDAD INFORMATICA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
8.1 Concepto............................................................................................108
8.2 Objetivo de la Auditora ......................................................................108
8.3 Funciones ...........................................................................................108
8.4 A quienes se realiza la Auditora..........................................................108
8.5 Etapas para la Realizacin de la Auditora para la Seguridad
.........................................................................................109
9. GLOSARIO DE TERMINOS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
PAGINAS WEB VISITADAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
ANEXOS................................................................................... 115
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Coleccin Seguridad de la Informacin

Lima, Mayo del 2001

: Direccin Tcnica de Normatividad y Promocin

informticos, los casos mas sonados de crmenes utilizando la computadora.

Gilberto Moncada Vigo

Comercio Electrnico ........................................................................... 20

Concepto de Sociedad .......................................................................... 70

5. PREVENCION FRENTE A LOS DELITOS INFORMATICOS . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

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