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A
2m
2m
800 N
3m
A
AX
1m
AY
400 N
E
1m
2m
800 N
1m
1m
TBD
TBD
2m
EY
TAB
TDC
TBC
TDE
TAB
TBC
TAC
TAC
TDE
TEC
TEC
AY
MA = 0
- 400 (1) - 800 (1 +1+1) + EY (1+1+1+1) = 0
FX = 0
AX = 0
FY = 0
- 400 - 2400 + 4 EY = 0
AY + EY 400 - 800 = 0
- 2800 + 4 EY = 0
4 EY = 2800
2800
700 N
4
EY
EY = 700 N
ME = 0
- AY (1+1+1+1) + 400 (1+1+1) + 800 (1) = 0
AY
2000
500 N
4
AY = 500 N
NUDO A
El siguiente paso es elegir una junta y dibujar su diagrama de cuerpo libre. En la figura 6.7(a) aislamos
la junta A cortando las barras AB y AC. Los trminos TAB y TAC son las fuerzas axiales en las barras AB
y AC respectivamente. Aunque las direcciones de las flechas que representan las fuerzas axiales
desconocidas se pueden escoger arbitrariamente, observe que las hemos elegido de manera que una
barra estar a tensin, si obtenemos un valor positivo para la fuerza axial. Pensamos que escoger
consistentemente las direcciones de esta manera ayudara a evitar errores.
400 N
TAB
TAB
TAB
AY
TAC
AY
TAB
TAC
C
A
TAC
TAC
AY
TAC
1
TAB
2
AY
3
Hallar TAC
Hallar TAB
TAB
2
AY
3
AY = 500 N
TAB
2
TAC
1
TAC
TAB
2
TAB 500
288,67
2
3
TAB 2 288,67 577,35 N
TAC
577,35
288,67 N
2
400 N
800 N
TBD
400 N
TBD
TBD
TBD
D
0
TAB
60
TBC
TAB
TAB (Y)
TBC
TAB
TAB
TAC
TAC
TBC (X)
TAB (X)
TBC
60
AY
sen 60
TABY
TAB
TABY TAB
sen 60
3
2
cos 60
1
2
3
TAB
TABY
2
TAB = 577,35 Newton
cos 60
3
577,35 500 N
TABY
sen 60
TBCY
TBC
cos 60
TBCY
TBCY
TBC
2 TBC
TABX
TAB
TBCX
TBC
1
TBCX TBC
2
1
TBCX TBC
2
1
TABX TAB
2
1
TABX TAB
2
TAB = 577,35 Newton
TABX
1
577,35 288,67 N
2
3
TBC
TBCY
FY = 0
3
TBC
100
2
TBC
100
3
200
115,47 N
3
(compresin)
FX = 0
- TBD + TAB (X) + TBC (X) = 0
1
TBCX TBC
2
TBC = 115,47 N
1
TBCX 115,47 57,73 N
2
- TBD + 346,4 = 0
TBD = 346,4 Newton
(compresin)
NUDO D
Luego obtenemos un diagrama de la junta D cortando las barras BD, DC y DE . De las ecuaciones de
equilibrio para la junta D.
800 N
TBD
800 N
800 N
TBD
TBD
60
TDE
TDC
TEC
TEC
EY
TDCY
TDC
cos 60
TDCY TDC
2
3
TDC
TDC Y
sen 60
3
2
cos 60
1
2
TDCX
TDC
1
TDCX TDC
2
3
TDC
TDCY
TDEY
TDE
cos 60
TDEY
TDE (X)
TDC (X)
TDE
TDE Y
TDE (Y)
TDC
TDC
sen 60
TDE
TDC (Y)
TDE
sen 60
60
TDEX
TDE
TDE
2 TDE
1
TDE X TDE
2
1
TDE X TDE
2
FX = 0
TBD - TDE (X) + TDC (X) = 0
TBD = 346,4 Newton
(compresin)
346,4
Pero:
1
TDE X TDE
2
1
TDCX TDC
2
Reemplazando en la ecuacin 1
1
1
TDE - TDC
2
2
346,4 ecuacin 3
TDEY
TDCY
3
TDE
2
3
TDC
2
Reemplazando en la ecuacin 2
3
3
2 TDE 2 TDC
1
1
TDE - TDC 346,4 multiplicar por
2
2
3
3
TDE
2 TDC 800
2
3
TDC 346,4
-
2
3
3
TDE
2 TDC 800
2
3
TDE
2
3
3
TDE
2 TDE
2
3
TDE 1400
2
> 3@
800 ecuacin 4
> 3@
600
3 TDE 1400
TDE
1400
808,29 N
3
3
3
2 TDE 2 TDC
800 ecuacin 4
3
3
808,29
2 TDC 800
2
3
TDC 800
700
2 200
TDC 100
115,47 N
3
3
TDC = 115,47 Newton (Tensin)
Problema 6.1 ESTATICA BEDFORD edic 4
Determine the axial forces in the members of the truss and indicate whether they are in tension (T) or
compression (C)
A
10 KN
10 KN
2m
2m
BX
2m
B
C
BY
1m
MC = 0
BY (1) 10 (2) = 0
BY (1) = 10 (2)
BX
10 KN
1m
C
BY
CY
1m
FX = 0
FY = 0
10 BX = 0
CY BY = 0
BX = 10 KN
CY = BY
CY
Pero: BY = 20 KN
BY = 20 KN
CY = 20 KN
NUDO B
BX
FY = 0
FX = 0
FBA
FBC
FBC BX = 0
FBA BY = 0
FBA = BY
FBC = BX
pero: BY = 20 KN
pero: BX = 10 KN
FBA = 20 KN (tensin)
BY
FBC = 10 KN (tensin)
NUDO A
A
10 KN
FBA
FBA
FBA
2
2
1
FAC
FAC
10
1
FAC
5
10 KN
Hallamos FAC
10
1
FAC
5
FAC 10 5
22,36 KN
BY
BX
B
FCB
FAB
=0
FAB
=0
3m
MB = 0
AX
AX (3) - 10 (4) = 0
FCB
A
FCA
FCA
AX (3) = 10 (4)
3 AX = 40
40
13,33KN
3
AX
AX = 13,33 KN
4m
C
10 KN
FY = 0
BY - 10 = 0
BY = 10 KN
MA = 0
BX (3) - 10 (4) = 0
BX (3) = 10 (4)
3 BX = 40
BX
40
13,33KN
3
BX = 13,33 KN
10
NUDO C
FCB
3
10 KN
FCA
FCA
4
FCB
FCA
10 KN
FCB
5
10
3
Hallar FCA
FCA
4
Hallar FCB
FCB
5
FCB
10
3
510 16,66 KN
3
FCA
10
3
410
3
13,33 KN
AX = 13,33 KN
FAB = 0
FX = 0
AX - FCA = 0
FAB
AX
=0
BY = 10 KN
A
BX = 13,33 KN
FCA
AX = FCA
FCB = 16,66 kN (Tensin)
Pero: FCA = 13,33 kN
FCA = 13,33 kN (compresin)
AX = FCA =13,33 kN
FAB = 0
11
F
FBD
FBD
FBA
FBC
FBA
FBC
A
AX = 0
L
FCD
FCD
FAC
FAC
CY
AY
L
NUDO D
F
F
FBD
FBD
FBD
FBD
D
FDC
600
FCD
FDC (Y)
FDC
MC = 0
AX = 0
AY (L) F (L/2) = 0
FDC (X)
L
AY
CY
FDC
L/2
AY (L) = F (L/2)
AY = F
MA = 0
CY (L) F ( L + L/2) = 0
CY (L) - F ( 3/2 L) = 0
CY (L) = F ( 3/2 L)
CY = F ( 3/2)
CY = 3/2 F
sen 60
cos 60
FDCX
FDC
1
FDCX FDC
2
sen 60
3
2
cos 60
1
2
FDCY
FDC
12
FDCY FDC
2
3
FDC
FDCY
2
FY = 0
- F + FDC (Y) = 0
F = FDC (Y)
Pero:
FDC (Y) = FDC sen 60
F = FDC sen 60
DESPEJANDO FDC
FDC
1
F
sen 60
1,154 F
FX = 0
FX = 0
FY = 0
AY + EY 400 - 800 = 0
AX = 0
FBC
FBC
FBA
FBC
FBD
FBA
FBD
FBA
FBD
FBA
FBD
FBC
A
AX = 0
L
AY
CY
13
sen 60
FBAY
TAB
FBAY
FBAY
sen 60
FBA
2 FBA
cos 60
FBAX
FBA
FBD
0
60
1
FBAX FBA
2
1
FBAX FBA
2
FBCY
FBC
600
FBC
FBA (Y)
FBA
FBC (Y)
FBC (X)
FBA (X)
FBCY FBC
2
3
FBC
FBCY
cos 60
FBCx
FBC
1
FBC X FBC
2
FX = 0
FBD - FBC (X) - FBA (X) = 0
sen 60
3
2
cos 60
1
2
PERO:
FBD = 0,577 F
3
3
FBC
2
2 FBA
0 (ECUACIN 2)
1
1
FBC FBA
2
2
> 3@
14
3
3
2 FBC - 2 FBA
3
3
FBC
2 FBA
2
3
3
FBC -
2 FBA 0
2
0,577 F
3
FBC
2
3 FBC
FBC
F
3
3
3
FBC
2 FBA 0 (ECUACIN 2)
2
3
3
0,577 F
2 FBA 0
2
3
3
0,577 F
2 FBA
2
0,577 F
FBA
FBD
FBD
B
FBA = 0,577 F (tensin)
FBA
FBC
FCD
NUDO A
FBA
FBA
L
FBA
L/2
AY
L/2
FCD
FAC
FAC
AY
FAC
AY
FBC
CY
FAC
15
FBA
L
FAC
L2
FBA
L
2 FAC
L
AY = F
CY = 3/2 F
0,577 F = 2 FAC
FAC
0,577
F
2
AX=0
1m
1m
AY
A
FAB
FAB
1m
FDB
FEB
FCA
D
FDB
FGD
FDE
FCB
1m
FCA
FCB
FEC
FEB
FGD
FDE
FEC
FGE
FGE
GY
3 kN
6 kN
MG = 0
16
FX = 0
AX = 0
12 = 3 AY
AY
12
3
4 KN
AY = 4 KN
MA = 0
- 3 (1) - 6 (1 +1) + GY (1+1+1) = 0
- 3 - 6 (2) + GY (3) = 0
- 3 - 12 + 3 GY = 0
- 15 + 3 GY = 0
3 GY = 15
GY
15
5 KN
3
AX
1m
AY
A
1m
1m
GY = 5 KN
FGD
NUDO G
1m
FGD
FGD
G
G
GY
FGE
FGE
FGE
FGE
GY
3 kN
6 kN
FGD
GY = 5 KN
FGD
2
FGE
1
FGE
1
5
1
FGE = 5 KN (Tensin)
Hallar FGD
FGD
2
5
1
Hallar FGE
17
2 5
FGD
NUDO D
D
FDB
AX
1m
AY
A
1m
1m
D
FDB
FDB
FDE
FGD
FDE
FGD
1m
FDB
FGD
FDE
FGD
G
1
FGE
FDE
FGE
GY
3 kN
6 kN
FGD
2
FDE
1
FDB
1
Hallar FDB
5 FDB
FDE FDB
1
1
2
5 FDE FDB
7,071
Hallar FDE
5 FDE
AX
1m
AY
A
1m
FDE = 5 KN (TENSION)
1m
FDB
FEB
D
FDB
FGD
FDE
FDE
NUDO E
1m
FEB
FEB
FGD
FDE
FEC
FEC
C
E
FEC
FGE
FGE
GY
FGE
3 kN
6 kN
6 kN
18
sen 45
FEBY
FEB
cos 45
FEBY
FEBY
FEB
2 FEB
FEBX
FEB
FEBX FEB
2
FEB
FEBX
FY = 0
FEB(X)
FEB(Y)
FDE = 5 KN
FEB
0
45
FEC
FGE = 5 KN
6 kN
FDE - 6 + FEB(Y) = 0
PERO: FDE = 5 kN
5 - 6 + FEB(Y) = 0
- 1 + FEB(Y) = 0
FEB(Y) = 1 KN
FEB
FEBY
sen45
1
1,414 kN
sen 45
19
NUDO C
AX=0
FCA
1m
1m
AY
FCB
FEB
FCA
D
FDB
FGD
FDE
FCB
FEC
1m
FDB
1m
FCA
FCB
FEC
3 kN
FEB
FEC
FGE
FCAY
sen 45
FCA
FGD
FDE
FGE
GY
3 kN
6 kN
FCA Y FCA
2
FCA
FCA Y
2
FX = 0
cos 45
FCAX
FCA
FCA(X)
FCB
FCA X
FCA X
PERO:
FEC = 4 kN
FCA
2
2
2 FCA
FCA(Y)
FCA
450
FEC = 4 KN
3 kN
FAC (X) = 4 kN
FY = 0
FCA
FCA X
cos 45
4
0,7071
5,656kN
FCA Y
FCA Y
2
FCA
2
2
5,656 4 KN
2
- FCB - 3 + FCA(Y) = 0
PERO:
FCA (Y) = 4 kN
- FCB - 3 + 4 = 0
- FCB + 1 = 0
FCB = 1 KN (compresin)
FCA (Y) = 4 kN
20
NUDO A
AX=0
1m
1m
AY
A
AY = 4 KN
FAB
FAB
FEB
FCA
D
FDB
FAB
FGD
FDE
FCB
AX=0
1m
FDB
1m
FCA
FEB
FCB
FEC
FEC
FCA
FGD
FDE
C
3 kN
FAB
1
AY
1
6 kN
FAB
1
FCA
PERO: AY = 4 KN
FAB
1
FGE
GY
FCA
2
FGE
AY
1
AY = 4 KN
FAB = 4 KN (compresin)
Problema 6.14 bedford edic 4
If you don t want the members of the truss to be subjected to an axial load (tension or compression)
greater than 20 kn, what is the largest acceptable magnitude of the downward force F?
12 m
12 m
4m
13 m
D
3m
tg T
5
12
0,4166
5m
4m
= arc tg (0,4166)
= 22,610
3m
21
4
1,3333
3
tg E
+ = 900
= arc tg (1,3333)
= 90 -
= 53,120
= 90 - 53,12
+ + = 900
pero:
= 36,870
= 22,610
= 36,870
+ + = 900
NUDO A
= 30,520
sen 36,87
FABY
FAB
cos 36,87
FABY
0,6 FAB
FACX
FAC
FACX
sen 30,52
FAC
FABX
0,8 FAB
cos 30,52
FACY
FAC
sen D
FACX
FABX
FAB
FACY
0,8614 FAC
0,507 FAC
FX = 0
FAC(X) - FAB (X) = 0
0,507 FAC - 0,8 FAB = 0 ECUACION 1
FY = 0
FAC (Y) - F - FAB (Y) = 0
22
= 53,120
sen 53,12
FCBY
FCB
cos 53,12
FCBY
FCBX
FCB
0,7998 FCB
FCBX
0,507 FAC
0,8614 FAC
FACX
FACY
0,6 FCB
FX = 0
FCD - FAC(X) - FCB (X) = 0
FCD 0,507FAC - 0,6 FCB = 0 ECUACION 3
FY = 0
FCB (Y) - FAC (Y) = 0
0,7998 FCB - 0,8614 FAC = 0 ECUACION 4
NUDO D
A
12 m
FX = 0
F
DX - FCD = 0 ECUACION 5
B
4m
D
3m
23
Resolver la ecuacin 1
0,507 FAC - 0,8 FAB = 0
0,507 FAC = 0,8 FAB
Despejando
FAC
0,8
FAC
FAB 1,577 FAB
0,507
FAC = 1,577 FAB
Reemplazar FAC en la ecuacin 6
0,8614 FAC - 0,6 FAB = F ECUACION 6
0,8614 (1,577 FAB ) - 0,6 FAB = F
1,3592 FAB - 0,6 FAB = F
0,7592 FAB = F
Despejando
FAB
1
F 1,317 F
0,7592
FAB = 1,317 F
FAB
1,79
F 2,078 F
0,8614
FAC = 2,078 F
FAC
FCB
1,79
F 2,238 F
0,7998
FCB = 2,238 F
FAB = 1,317 F
FAC = 2,078 F
FCB = 2,238 F
FCD = 2,395 F
FDB = 0
24
- 1,342 F = 0
FCD = 1,053 F
+ 1,342 F
FCD = 2,395 F
LA ESTRUCTURA MAS CRITICA ES FCD
2,395 F = 20
20
2,395
8,35 KN
F = 8,35 KN
4m
1,92 N
1,92 N
BY
3m
la reaccin en B?
FY = 0
1,92 N
BY 1,92 - CY = 0
1,92 ( 3) - CY (4,5) = 0
5,76 - CY (4,5 ) = 0
CY (4,5 ) = 5,76
5,76
CY
1,28 N
4,5
CY = 1,28 N
CY
4,5 m
MB = 0
4m
B
BY
3m
CY
BY 1,92 1,28 = 0
BY = 3,2 Newton
4,5 m
25
Nudo B
FAB
FAB
B
BY = 3,2 N
FBC
BY
FAB
5
FBC
3
BY
FBC
3,2
4
Hallar FBC
FBC 3,2
3
4
3 3,2
FBC
4
Hallar FAB
FAB 3,2
4
5
5 3,2
16
4N
4
4
FAB = 4 Newton(compresin)
FAB
9,6
4
2,4 N
FCA (Y)
FCA
Nudo C
C
8,5
CY
8,5
FCA (X)
FCA
4
7,5
7,5
FBC
C
CY
7,5
cos D
8,5
FCA (X) = cos D (FCA)
FCA X
7,5
FCA
8,5
sen D
FX = 0
4
8,5
FCA Y
4
FCA
8,5
FBC -
7,5
FCA
8,5
7,5
FCA
8,5
7,5
2,4
FCA
8,5
2,4 8,5 20,4 2,72 Newton
FCA
7,5
7,5
FCA = 2,72 Newton (traccin)
FBC
26
800 lb
B
AY
AX
FAC
4 pies
4 pies
800 lb
7,5 pies
FAB
FAB
tensin
FCB
tensin
compresin
C
7,5 pies
FAC
MA = 0
CX
CX ( 4) - 800 (7,5) = 0
FCB
C
Fx= 0
4 CX - 6000 = 0
CX AX = 0
4 CX = 6000
CX
6000
4
CX = AX
1500 lb
AX = 1500 lb.
CX = 1500 lb.
Nudo B
AY
FBA B
AX
800 lb
FBA B
800 lb
FBA
FBC
4 pies
FBC
FBA
CX
FBA
7,5
800
4
FBC
8,5
FBA
7,5
200
FBC
8,5
FBC
7,5 pies
FBC
8,5
Hallar FBC
FBC
8,5
200
FBA
7,5
7,5
4
Hallar FBA
200
800 lb
27
NUDO C
AY
FCA
FBA B
A FBA
800 lb
AX
FCA
FBC
CX
FCA
7,5
4
FCA
4
4 pies
CX
CX
7,5
CX
FBC
CX
7,5
CX
7,5
FCA
C
FBC
7,5 pies
8,5
FBC
8,5
Pero:
FBC = 1700 N (compresin)
FCA
4
FCA
4
FBC
1700
8,5
200
Hallar FcA
FCA
4
200
28
AY
AX
FAC
FAB
tensin
FAB
MA = 0
FCB
tensin
1,4 m
0,4 m
2,8 KN
compresin
FAC
CX
FY= 0
AY 2,8 = 0
FCB
C
AY = 2,8 KNewton
MC = 0
-1,4 AX = 2,1
2,1
- 1,5 N
AX 1,4
AX = - 1,5 KNewton (significa que la fuerza AX
esta direccionada hacia la izquierda)
0,75 m
AY
AX
B
1,4 m
2,8 N
MC = 0
0,4 m
1,4 AX = 2,1
2,1
AX
1,5 N
1,4
29
AX = 1,5 KNewton
Nudo A
AY
AY
A
AX
AX
FAB
0,85
0,4
FAB (Y)
FAB
FAB (X)
FAC
0,75
cos D
0,85
FAB (X) = cos D (FAB)
AY
sen D
FAB
AX
FAC
0,75
FAB
0,85
FAB X
FAB
0,75
0,75
FAC
0,85
0,4
0,4
0,85
FAB Y
FX = 0
- AX + FAB (X) = 0
0,75
FAB
- AX
0,85
0,75
AX
FAB
0,85
FY= 0
AX
FAC
0,85
AX
0,75
0,85
1,5
FAB
0,75
FAB = 1,7 KNewton (traccin)
FAB
0,4
FAB
0,85
AY
FAB
Nudo C
FAC
sen D
FCB
CX
CX
1
1,25
FAC
FCB
FCB Y
1
FCB
1,25
cos D
0,75
1,25
1,25
FCB
0,75
FCB (Y)
F
0,75
CBX
FCB
1,25
FCB (X)
30
FX = 0
0,75 m
AY
CX - FCB (X) = 0
AX
0,4 m
CX = FCB (X)
B
0,75
CX
FCB
1,25
FAC
1,25
FCB
FCB
CX
0,75
C
CX
CX = 1,5 KNewton
1,25
1,5 2,5 KN
FCB
0,75
FCB = 2,5 KNewton (compresin)
1,4 m
0,75
2,8 N
1m
FAC
FCB
C
CX
B
B
FBC
FBC
FBA
1,5 m
1,5 m
4m
4m
FBA
CY
3m
A
A
AX
4m
MA = 0
CY ( 4 + 2) - 4,2 (4) = 0
6 CY = 16,8
16,8
6
CY = 2,8 KN
4m
2m
2m
FY = 0
CY ( 6) - 16,8 = 0
CY
BY
BY + CY 4,2 = 0
Pero: CY = 2,8 KN
BY + 2,8 4,2 = 0
2.8 KN
BY 1,4 = 0
BY = 1,4 kN
31
Nudo B
4,2 KN
FBC
1,5 m
FBC
FBA
4,2 KN
FBA
FBC
4m
4,2 KN
3m
CY
FBC
FBA
FBA
AX
4m
BY
cos D
2
2,5
cos D
FBCX
FBC
0,8
FBC X
cos T
cos T
0,8 FBC
4
5,65
0,7079
FBAX
FBA
FBA X
0,7079 FBA
2m
1,5
0,6
2,5
FBCY
sen D
sen D
FBC
FBC Y
FBC(X)
0,6 FBC
1,5
FBC(Y)
sen T
sen T
4
0,7079
5,65
FBAY
FBA
FBA(Y)
5,65
4,2 KN
4
FBA(X)
FY = 0
FBC
FBA
FBA Y
2,5
D
2
0,7079 FBA
FX = 0
0 (Ecuacin 1)
32
Pero:
FBC = 3 KN
FBC
4,2
1,4
3 KN
FBA
FBC = 3 KN (compresin)
2,4
0,7079
3,39 KN
NUDO C
FBC
4,2 KN
FBC
FBC
FBA
FBC(X)
C
1,5 m
FCA
CY
1,5
FBC(Y)
4m
FCA
FBA
CY
3m
FCA(Y)
FCA
AX
FCA
6,7
FBC
D
FCA(X)
4m
BY
cos D
2,5
D
2
2
2,5
0,8
FBC X
0,8 FBC
2m
cos D
FBCX
FBC
sen D
sen D
1,5
0,6
2,5
FBCY
3
6
CY
FBC
FBC Y
0,6 FBC
33
6
6,7
cos E
0,8955
cos D
FCAX
FCA
sen E
FCA X
sen E
0,8955 FCA
3
0,4477
6,7
FCAY
FCA
FCA Y
FX = 0
0,4477 FCA
0 (Ecuacin 1)
PERO:
FBC = 3 KN (compresin)
0
FBC = 3,39 KN (compresin)
FBC = 3 KN (compresin)
2,4
2,68 KN
0,8955
FCA = 3 KN (tension)
FCA = 3 KN (tension)
FCA
FX = 0 BX = 0
MB = 0
15,75 CY = 11340
12 pies
CY
11340
15,75
3,75 pies
720 lb
34
CY = 720 lb
MC = 0
945 lb
FBA
FCA
945 lb
3543,75 = 15,75 BY
A
3543,75
15,75
BY = 225 lb.
BY
225 lb
BX
FCA
FBA
FBC
FBC
9 pies
CY
BY
BX
BY
C
CY
12 pies
3,75 pies
NUDO B
sen D
9
15
cos D
12
15
FBA
F
9
BAX FBA
15
F
12
BAY FBA
15
FBA
15
FBA
15
FBC
12
FBC
12
BY
9
225
9
Hallar FBA
FBA 225
15
9
15 225
FBA
375 lb.
9
FBA = 375 lb. (compresin)
BY
FBA
BX
FBC
BX
FBC
BY
Hallar FBC
FBC 225
12
9
FBC
12 225
9
300 lb.
35
Nudo C
FCA (X)
FCA
FBC
3,75
9,75
C
FCA
FBC
CY
FCA (Y)
FCA
FCA
CY
FBC
C
CY
FCA
9,75
FCA
9,75
FBC
3,75
FBC
3,75
CY
9
CY = 720 lb
BY = 225 lb.
FBA = 375 lb. (compresin)
Hallar FCA
9,75300
FCA
3,75
780 lb
450 lb
B
AX
AY
FBA
FBA
tensin
A
10 pies
FCA
FBC
compresin
FCA
FBC
10 pies
compresin
C
24 pies
7,5 pie
CY
7,5 pie
24 pies
MA = 0
CY
14175
7.5
1890 lb
CY = 1890 lb.
36
NUDO B
AY
AX
A
A
450 lb
FBA
FBA
FBC
26
FBC
10
10 pies
FBC
450 lb
24
FBA
CY
FBC
26
FBA
24
450
10
24 pies
7,5 pie
Hallar FBA
FBA
12
FBA = 90 (12) = 1080 lb (tensin)
90
FBC
13
450
5
FBC
13
90
FBA
12
FBA
12
AY
Hallar FBC
AX
FBC
90
13
FBC = 90 (13) = 1170 lb (compresin)
FCA
FBC
FCA
10 pies
FBC
FCA
NUDO C
450 lb
FBA
FBA
CY
FBC
24 pies
7,5 pie
CY
cos D
cos D
7,5
0,6
12,5
FCA X
FCA
sen D
sen D
10
0,8
12,5
FCA Y
FCA X
0,6 FCA
FCA
FCA Y
FCA(X)
0,8 FCA
FCA(Y)
FBC(X)
10 12,5
FCA
7,5
D
FBC
26
10 FBC(Y)
24
CY
37
cos E
cos D
24
0,923
26
FBCX
FBC
FBC X
0,923 FBC
sen E
sen E
10
26
0,3846
FBCY
FBC
FBC Y
0,3846 FBC
FY = 0
CY - FCA(Y) - FBC (Y) = 0
FX = 0
0 (Ecuacin 1)
FCA
1744,47
1801,39 KN
0,9684
38
22,5 pies
10,8 Kips
B
12 pies
D
FX = 0 AX = 0
MA = 0
A FAB
10,8 Kips
10,8 Kips
FBC
FBC
FAB
FAD
FBD
AY
864
38,4 Kips
22,5
D = 38,4 Kips
D
D
D
MC = 0
57,5 AY = 966
966
16,8 Kips
AY
57,5
AY = 16,8 Kips
35 pies
22,5 pies
10,8 Kips
AX
AY
12 pies
D
D
39
Nudo A
A
FAB
AY
FAD
25,5
FAD
FAB
22,5
FAD(Y)
AY
12
12
AY
12
25,5
22,5
FAD
22,5
AY = 16,8 Kips
FAD FAB 16,8
12
25,5 22,5
Hallar FAB
FAB 16,8
22,5
12
22,516,8
FAB
12
25,5
FAD
FAD(X)
FAB A
FAB
FAD
AY
31,5 Kips
Hallar FAD
FAD 16,8
25,5
12
25,516,8
FAD
12
35,7 Kips
Nudo B
10,8 Kips
FAB
FAB
10,8 Kips
FBC
FBD
10,8 Kips
FBC
FAB
FBD
FBC
FBD
FX = 0
FY = 0
FBC FAB = 0
FBD 10,8 = 0
FBC = FAB
FBC = 35,7 Kips (tensin)
40
Nudo C
10,8 Kips
10,8 Kips
FBC
FCD
37
35
FBC
10,8 Kips
FBC
35
10,8
12
FCD
FBC
FCD
FCD
37
12
AX = 0 D = 38,4 Kips
AY = 16,8 Kips
Hallar FCD
FCD 10,8
37
12
37 10,8 33,3 Kips
FCD
12
FCD = 33,3 Kips (compresin)
6 pies
8 pies
TCA
AX
TCA
TBC
TBA
CY
tensin
tensin
TBA
P2 = 400 lb
8 pies
TBC
P1 = 800 lb
MA = 0
FX = 0
AX 400 = 0
AX = 400 lb.
41
- 8000 + CY (14) = 0
CY (14) = 8000
8000
571,42 lb
14
CY
CY = 571,42 lb
MC = 0
- AY (6 + 8) - 400 (8) + 800 (8) = 0
3200
14
AY
228,57 lb
AY = 228,57 lb
NUDO B
TBC
TBA (X)
TBC
TBA
TBA
P2 = 400 lb
B
P2 = 400 lb
TBA (Y)
10
T
6 BA
D
P2 = 400 lb
TBC
8 2
TBC (Y)
TBC (X)
P1 = 800 lb
P1 = 800 lb
sen D
8
10
4
5
sen E
cos D
6
10
3
5
cos E
sen D
TBAY
TBAY
TBA
TBAY
8
8 2
8
8 2
P1 = 800 lb
2
2
2
2
senD TBA
4
TBA
5
42
cos D
TBAX
TBAX
TBA
TBAX
cosD TBA
3
TBA
5
sen E
FX = 0
TBCY
TBCY
TBC
2
2 TBC
TBCX
TBCX
TBC
senE TBC
TBCY
cos E
2
TBC - 3 TBA
2
5
400 (Ecuacin 1)
TBCX
cosE TBC
2 TBC
FY = 0
- 800 + TBC (Y) + TBA (Y) = 0
TBC (Y) + TBA (Y) = 800
2
TBC 4 TBA
5
2
800 (Ecuacin 2)
2
TBC - 3 TBA 400 ( -1)
5
2
2
TBC 4 TBA 800
2
5
-
2
TBC 3 TBA
2
5
2
TBC 4 TBA
2
5
7
TBA
5
TBA
- 400
800
Reemplazando en la ecuacin 1
2
TBC - 3 TBA 400 (Ecuacin 1)
2
5
2
TBC - 3 285,71 400
2
5
2
TBC - 171,42 400
2
2
TBC 571,42
2
400
4005
TBC
571,42
2
43
NUDO C
TCA
TBC
8 2
TBC
CY
CY
TCA
TBC
8 2
TCA
8
CY
8
Hallar TCA
TCA
8
TBC
8 2
Pero:
TBC = 808,12 lb.
TCA
8
808,12
8 2
TCA
808,12
571,42 lb
2
6 pies
8 pies
TCA
AX
TCA
TBC
TBA
CY
tensin
tensin
TBA
P2 = 100 lb
MA = 0
8 pies
TBC
P1 = 500 lb
44
FX = 0
3800
14
CY
271,42 lb
CY = 271,42 lb
MC = 0
- AY (6 + 8) - 100 (8) + 500 (8) = 0
3200
14
AY
228,57 lb
TBA (X)
AY = 228,57 lb
NUDO B
TBA (Y)
TBC
TBC
TBA
10
T
6 BA
D
TBC
8 2
TBC (Y)
TBC (X)
P2 = 400
100 lb
TBA
P2 = 100 lb
P1 = 800
500 lb
P2 = 100 lb
P1 = 500 lb
P1 = 500 lb
sen D
cos D
8
10
4
5
6
10
3
5
sen E
cos E
8
8 2
8
8 2
2
2
2
2
45
sen D
TBAY
TBAY
TBA
TBAY
cos D
4
TBA
5
TBAX
TBAX
TBA
TBAX
senD TBA
cosD TBA
3
TBA
5
sen E
TBCY
TBCY
TBC
FX = 0
- 100 + TBC (X) - TBA (X) = 0
TBCY
2
TBC - 3 TBA 100 (Ecuacin 1)
5
2
cos E
2 TBC
TBCX
TBCX
TBC
TBCX
FY = 0
senE TBC
cosE TBC
2 TBC
2
TBC 4 TBA
5
2
Reemplazando en la ecuacin 1
500 (Ecuacin 2)
2
TBC - 3 TBA 100 ( -1)
5
2
2
TBC 4 TBA 500
2
5
-
2
TBC 3 TBA
5
2
2
TBC 4 TBA
5
2
7
TBA
5
400
2
TBC - 3 TBA 100 (Ecuacin 1)
5
2
2
TBC - 3 285,71 100
5
2
- 100
2
TBC - 171,42 100
2
2
TBC 271,42
2
500
TBC
271,42
2
46
4005
TBA
TCA
8
TBC
8 2
CY
8
TCA
TBC
8 2
TBC
Hallar TCA
CY
TBC
8 2
TCA
8
CY
TCA
Pero:
TBC = 383,84 lb.
TCA
8
383,84
8 2
TCA
383,84
2
271,42 lb
P1 = 600 lb
B FBC
FAB
FAD
FBC
C CY
CX
FAB
FDC
FBD
4 pies
FBD
FAD
FDC
D FED
4 pies
E
FED
EX
EY = 0
4 pies
MC = 0
P1 (4 + 4) + P2 (4) EX (4) = 0
47
P1 = 600 lb
B FBC
FAB
6400 4 EX = 0
FBC
C CY
CX
FAB
FAD
FBD
FDC
4 EX = 6400
4 pies
EX
FBD
6400
1600 lb
4
FDC
FAD
EX = 1600 lb
D FED
4 pies
NUDO A
FAB
4 2
Las ecuaciones de equilibrio para el nudo A son:
FAD
4 2
FAD
2
P1 = 600 lb
FAD
600
4
600
Hallar FAB
FAB
EY = 0
4 pies
FAB
FAD
FAB
FED
EX
P1 = 600 lb
FAB
4
600 lb
Hallar FAD
FAD
2
FAD
600
2 600
848,52 lb
48
NUDO E
FED
FX = 0
FED - EX = 0
P2 = 400 lb
P1 = 600 lb
EX
EY = 0
B FBC
FAB
C CY
CX
FAB
FAD
FED = EX
FBC
FDC
FBD
4 pies
FBD
PERO: EX = 1600 lb
FED = 1600 lb (compresin)
FDC
FAD
D FED
FY = 0
EY = 0
FED
4 pies
4 pies
P1 = 600 lb
P2 = 400 lb
EX
EY = 0
NUDO B
P2 = 400 lb
FAB
B FBC
P2 = 400 lb
FAB
FBD
B FBC
FAB
FBD
FBC
FX = 0
FBC - FAB = 0
FAD
FBC
C CY
CX
FAB
FDC
FBD
4 pies
FBD
FBC = FAB
FAD
FDC
D FED
4 pies
E
FED
EX
EY = 0
4 pies
FX = 0
CX - EX = 0
CX = EX
PERO: EX = 1600 lb
CX = 1600 lb
CY - 1000 = 0
CY = 1000 lb.
49
NUDO C
P2 = 400 lb
P1 = 600 lb
FY = 0
C CY
FBC
CY FDC(Y) = 0
A
CX
CY = FDC(Y)
B FBC
FAB
FAD
CX
FBD
FBD
sen D
4 2
D FED
0,7071
FDCY
FDC
FDC
FDCY
senD
FDC
1000
1414,22 lb
0,7071
FDC
FAD
1
2
FDC
4 pies
FDC(Y) = 1000 lb
C CY
FAB
FDC
sen D
FBC
4 pies
FED
EX
EY = 0
4 pies
FDC
4 2
FDC (Y)
4
FDC (X)
FBC
FDC
FDC (Y)
CY
CX
EX = 1600 lb
EY = 0
CX = 1600 lb
CY = 1000 lb.
50
P1 = 800 lb
B FBC
FAB
FAD
C CY
FBC
CX
FAB
FDC
FBD = 0
4 pies
FBD = 0
FAD
FDC
D FED
4 pies
MC = 0
FED
EX
EY = 0
4 pies
P1 (4 + 4) EX (4) = 0
800 (4 + 4) EX (4) = 0
800 (8) 4 EX = 0
6400 4 EX = 0
4 EX = 6400
6400
1600 lb
4
EX
EX = 1600 lb
P1 = 800 lb
NUDO A
A
FAB
P1 = 800 lb
4
FAB
4 2
B FBC
FAB
FAD
C CY
CX
FAB
FBD = 0
P1 = 800 lb
FAD
FBC
4 pies
FDC
FBD = 0
FAD
FAD
FAB
4
FAD
4 2
800
4
FDC
D FED
4 pies
E
FED
EX
EY = 0
4 pies
51
FAB
FAD
2
800
Hallar FAD
FAD
800
2
FAD
2 800 1131,37 lb
Hallar FAB
FAB
800 lb
NUDO E
FX = 0
FED - EX = 0
FED = EX
P1 = 800 lb
E
FED
EX
B FBC
FAB
FDC
FBD = 0
4 pies
PERO: EX = 1600 lb
CX
FAB
FAD
EY = 0
C CY
FBC
FBD = 0
FDC
FAD
D FED
4 pies
FED
EX
EY = 0
4 pies
NUDO B
FUERZA CERO
Si tres miembros forman un nudo de armadura en el cual dos de los miembros son colineales, el tercer
miembro es un miembro de fuerza cero siempre que ninguna fuerza exterior o reaccin de soporte este
aplicada al nudo.
FX = 0
FBC - FAB = 0
B FBC
FAB
FBD
FBC = FAB
Pero:
FAB = 800 lb (Tensin)
FUERZA CERO
P1 = 800 lb
B FBC
FAB
FAD
C CY
CX
FAB
FBD = 0
4 pies
FDC
FBD = 0
FY = 0
FBD = 0
FBC
FDC
D FED
4 pies
E
FED
EX
EY = 0
4 pies
52
FY = 0
FX = 0
CY - 800 = 0
CX = EX
CY = 800 lb.
PERO: EX = 1600 lb
CX - EX = 0
FDC
CX = 1600 lb
4 2
FBC
FDC (Y)
NUDO C
FDC
FY = 0
CY FDC(Y) = 0
CX
FDC
CX
P1 = 800 lb
sen D
FDC
FDC
FAD
1
2
4 2
FDCY
FDC
0,7071
C CY
CX
FBD = 0
4 pies
FDC
FBD = 0
FDC
D FED
4 pies
E
FED
EX
EY = 0
4 pies
FBD = 0 lb
800
1131,38 lb
0,7071
CX = 1600 lb
FBC
FAB
FAD
FDCY
senD
EX = 1600 lb
B FBC
FAB
FDC(Y) = 800 lb
sen D
FDC (X)
CY
C CY
FBC
CY = FDC(Y)
FDC (Y)
EY = 0
CY = 800 lb.
53
FCB
BX
FAB
FCB
3 pies
C
FDC
FCA
FCA
FDC
FAB
FDA A AX
FDA
2 pies
2 pies
300 lb
FDC
NUDO D
FDC
5
FDC
5
FDC
5
300
3
100
FDA
4
FDA
4
FDA
300 lb
3
4
FDA
300 lb
Hallar FDA
FDA
4
100
Hallar FCD
FDC
5
100
FCA = 0
FCB
FDC = FCB
Pero: FDC = 500 lb
C
FDC
FCA = 0
54
NUDO A
FCA = 0
FAB = 0
FCA = 0
FAB = 0
BY
FDA A AX
FX = 0
FCB
AX
FDA
FCA = 0
BX
FCB
FDA - AX = 0
FAB = 0
FY = 0
FAB = 0
3 pies
C
FDC
FDC
(compresin)
FDA A AX
FDA
2 pies
2 pies
(Tensin)
=0
FAE
FCD
3 pies
FAF = 0
A
AX = 0
AY
FCD
FAE
FCB = 0
FAB
FAB
B FCB = 0
4 pies
4 pies
800 lb
CY
FY = 0
AY 800 + CY = 0
Pero: CY = 400 lb
AY 800 + 400 = 0
AY 400 = 0
AY = 400 lb
55
MA = 0
- 800 (4 ) + CY (4 + 4) = 0
- 3200 + CY (8) = 0
CY (8) = 3200
CY
3200
8
400 lb
CY = 400 lb
FX = 0
AX = 0
NUDO C
FCD
FY = 0
FCB = 0
CY FCD = 0
CY
Pero: CY = 400 lb
CY = FCD
FCD = 400 lb (compresin)
FX = 0
F
FAB
FCB = 0
=0
FAE
FCD
3 pies
FAF = 0
A
AX = 0
AY
FCD
FAE
FCB = 0
FAB
FAB
B FCB = 0
4 pies
4 pies
CY
800 lb
56
NUDO A
FAF = 0
FAE
5
FAE
AY
4
FAB
AX = 0
FAB
AY
FAE
5
AY
3
FAB
4
Pero: AY = 400 lb
FAE
5
400
3
FAB
4
FAB
=0
FAE
FAF = 0
A
AX = 0
FCD
FAE
FCB = 0
FAB
B FCB = 0
FAB
4 pies
CY
4 pies
800 lb
Hallar FAE
F AE
FCD
3 pies
AY
FAE
5
400
3
4005
3
Hallar FCD
FAB
4
400
3
A
AX
FBA
FBA
3,464
FCB
FBE
FDB
FBE
FDB
EX
CY
FDE
FDE
YF1DB 1,732
D
3m
FCD
FCB
0
30
FCD
3m
2 KN
1,5 KN
57
ME = 0
- 2 (3) 1,5 (3 + 3) + AX (3,464) = 0
AX
15
3,464
Y
6
tg 30
Y = 6 tg 30 = 6 (0,5773) = 3,464 m
4,33 kN
Y1
3
AX = 500 N
tg 30
NUDO C
Y1 = 3 tg 30 = 3 (0,5773) = 1,732 m
AY
FCB
0
30
A
C
FCD
AX
1,5 KN
B
FCB
FCB
FDB
1,5 KN
3,464
Y1 1,732
3m
FCD
EX
CY
FCB
FDB
E
FDE
FDE
30
FCD
2 KN
FCD
1,5 KN
FCB
1,5
3,464 1,732
FCD
3
Hallar FCB
FCB
1,5
3,464 1,732
FCB
1,5 3,464
3 kN
1,732
Hallar FCD
1,5
1,732
FCD
FCD
3
1,5 3
2,598 kN
1,732
FCB = 3 kN (tensin)
58
NUDO D
FDB
FDE
FCD
AY
FDE
FDB
2 KN
FY = 0
2 KN
FCD
AX
FX = 0
FDB - 2 = 0
FDE - FCD = 0
FDB = 2 kN (tensin)
FDE = FCD
FCB
FDB
EX
FCB
FDB
E
CY
FDE
FDE
300
FCD
FCD
2 KN
NUDO B
1,5 KN
FBA
B
AY
FBA(X)
FCB
FBE
A
FBA
AX
FBA
FBA(Y)
FDB
30
300
FBA
FBE(Y)
FBE
EX
FDE
FDE
D
2 KN
sen 30
FBAY
FBA
FCB(X)
FCB
FDB
CY
FCB(Y)
FDB
FDB
FCB
FBE
FBE(X)
FCB
FBE
300
30
FCD
FCD
1,5 KN
sen 30
3
2
sen 60
1
2
1
FBAY FBA
2
59
sen 30
FBEY
FBE
cos 30
FBEY
sen 30
1
FBE
2
FBA
FBAX
FCBY
FCB
cos 30
FCBY
FBAX
FBA
cos 30
FCBX
FCB
FCBX FCB
FBEX
FBE
1
FCB
2
FBEX FBE
FY = 0
FBA (Y) + FBE (Y) - FCB (Y) - FDB = 0
1
1
FBA FBE
2
2
1
- FCB - FDB
2
Pero:
FDB = 2 kN (tensin)
FCB = 3 kN (tensin)
1
1
1
FBA FBE - 3 - 2 0
2
2
2
1
1
1
FBA FBE 3 2
2
2
2
1
1
FBA FBE 1,5 2 3,5
2
2
0,5 FBA + 0,5 FBE = 3,5 dividiendo por 0,5 (para simplificar)
FBA + FBE = 7 (Ecuacin 1)
FX = 0
- FBA (X) + FBE (X) + FCB (X) = 0
3
3
3
FBA
FBE
2 FCB
2
2
60
Pero:
FCB = 3 kN (tensin)
- FBA + FBE + 3 = 0
- FBA + FBE = - 3 (- 1)
FBA - FBE = 3
(Ecuacin 2)
Resolver la ecuacin 1 y 2
FBA + FBE = 7 (Ecuacin 1)
FBA - FBE = 3
(Ecuacin 2)
2 FBA = 10
FBA
10
5 kN
2
FBA = 5 kN (tensin)
Reemplazando en la ecuacin 1
FBA + FBE = 7 (Ecuacin 1)
Pero: FBA = 5 kN (tensin)
AX = 500 N
FCB = 3 kN (tensin)
5 + FBE = 7
FBE = 7 - 5
FBE = 2 kN (compresin)
61
5m
FBD
FBD
5m
FAB
FBC
FAB
5m
FCD
FBC
FAC
FAC
5m
30 kN
FCE
5m
20 kN
TX
5m
600
TY
30
0
60
5m
60
EX
A
C
5m
30 kN
E
5m
EY
20 kN
ME = 0
- T (5) + 30 (5 + 5) + 20 (5) = 0
- 5 T + 30 (10) + 20 (5) = 0
- 5 T + 300 + 100 = 0
- 5 T + 400 = 0
5 T = 400
62
400
80 N
5
T = 80 N
TX
T
cos 30
TY
T
sen 30
TX = T cos 30
TY = T sen 30
Pero: T = 80 N
Pero: T = 80 N
TX = 80 (0,866)
TY = 80 (0,5)
TX = 69,28 N
TY = 40 N
FY = 0
FX = 0
TY + EY - 30 - 20 = 0
TX - EX = 0
TY + EY - 50 = 0
Pero: TX = 69,28 N
Pero: TY = 40 N
TX = EX
40 + EY - 50 = 0
EX = 69,28 N
EY - 10 = 0
EY = 10 KN
A continuacin, dibujamos los diagramas de slido libre que muestren las fuerzas actuantes en cada
nudo. La exactitud de los sentidos asignados a las fuerzas se comprueba al considerar cada nudo en el
orden asignado. No debe haber dudas acerca de la exactitud del sentido asignado a las fuerzas
actuantes en el nudo A. El equilibrio exige
NUDO A
FAB
5
30
4,33
FAB
FAC
2,5
Hallar FAB
FAB
5
FAB
30
4,33
30 5
FAB
FAC
4,33
2,5
30 kN
34,64 KN
4,33
FAB = 34,64 kN (tensin)
FAC
30 kN
Se halla FAC
30
4,33
FAC
FAC
2,5
30 2,5 17,32 KN
4,33
63
NUDO B
B
FBD
FBD
FBC
FAB
FBC
FBC (Y)
FAB (Y)
FAB
sen 60
FBCY
FBC
FBC
2 FBC
FBCY
FBCY
sen 60
FABY
FAB
sen 60
3
1
cos 60
2
2
600
FBC (X)
cos 60
cos 60
FABX
FAB
1
FABx FAB
2
1
FABx FAB
2
600
FAB (X)
FBCX
FBC
1
FBCx FBC
2
1
FBCx FBC
2
FABY FAB
3
FAB
FABY
2
FY = 0
FBC(Y) - FAB(Y) = 0
FBC(Y) = FAB(Y)
2 FBC
2 FAB
FBC = FAB
1
FABx FAB
2
64
3
FBC
FBCx
FX = 0
- FAB(x) - FBC(x) + FBD = 0
PERO:
FAB(x) = 17,32 KN
FBC(x) = 17,32 KN
- FAB(x) - FBC(x) + FBD = 0
-17,32 17,32 + FBD = 0
- 34,64 + FBD = 0
B
5m
5m
FBC
FCD
FED
5m
FCD
FBC
FAC
FAB
FBD
FBD
NUDO C
FAB
FCD
FBC
FED
EX
FCE
FAC
FAC
FCE
5m
FCE
5m
EY
20 kN
30 kN
20 kN
FCD (X)
FBC (X)
PERO:
FAC = 17,32 kN (compresion)
FBC = 34,64 kN (compresin)
FBC(x) = 17,32 KN
3
FBC
FBCY
2
3
34,64 30 KN
FBCY
2
FBC(Y) = 30 KN
FBC
FCD
FBC (Y)
FCD(Y)
600
600
FAC
FCE
20 kN
65
cos 60
FCDX
FCD
1
FCDx FCD
2
FX = 0
sen 60
FCDY
FCD
FCDY FCD
2
3
FCD
FCDY
PERO:
FAC = 17,32 kN (compresin)
FBC(x) = 17,32 KN
FCD(x) + 17,32 + 17,32 FCE = 0
FCD(x) + 34,64 FCE = 0
1
FCD - FCE - 34,64 (Ecuacin 1)
2
3
FCD
FCDY
2
FCD
FCDY
3
PERO: FCD(Y) = 50 KN
2
FCD
50 57,73 KN
3
FCD = 57,73 kN (Tensin)
FY = 0
- FBC(Y) + FCD(Y) 20 = 0
PERO:
FBC(Y) = 30 KN
- 30 + FCD(Y) 20 = 0
- 50 + FCD(Y) = 0
FCD(Y) = 50 KN
Reemplazar en la ecuacin 1
1
FCD - FCE - 34,64 (Ecuacin 1)
2
1
57,73 - FCE - 34,64
2
28,86 FCE = - 34,64
FCE = - 34,64 - 28,86
FCE = - 63,5 (-1)
FCE = 63,5 KN (compresin)
66
NUDO E
B
5m
FED
FCE
E
5m
FBC
FAB
FED
5m
FBD
FBD
EX
FCD
EY
FAB
FCD
FBC
FED
FY = 0
EX
EY - FED (Y) = 0
FAC
FAC
FCE
5m
FED (Y) = EY
PERO:
FCE
5m
EY
20 kN
30 kN
EY = 10 KN
FED (Y) = 10 KN
sen 60
FED (X)
FEDY
FED
FED
FED
FEDY
sen 60
FED (Y)
10
11,54 kN
0,866
600
EX
FCE
EY
T = 80 N
EX = 69,28 N
EY = 10 KN
67
600N
600N
1,25 m
1,25 m
A
A
AX
AY
B
3m
CY
600N
FBA
MA = 0
3m
FBC
3 CY 750 = 0
3 CY = 750
AX
FCA
FBC
FCA
CY
AY
750
3
CY
FBA
250 N
CY = 250 N
MC = 0
AY (3) 600 (1,25) = 0
FX = 0
3 AY 750 = 0
600 AX = 0
3 AY = 750
AY
600 = AX
750
3
250 N
AX = 600 Newton
600N
FBA
FBC
AY = 250 N
Nudo B
B
B
600N
FBC
FBA
FBA
FBC
3,25
FBC
3,25
FBA
1,25
FBA
1,25
600
3
AX
FCA
AY
FBC
1,25
FBA
FBC
FCA
C
CY
3,25
Hallar FBC
3
600N
FBC
3,25
200
200
68
Hallar FAB
FBA
1,25
200
B
C
FCA
FBC
CY = 250 N
CY
1,25
600N
FBA
FBC
3,25
3
FBC
3,25
CY
1,25
FCA
3
FCA
FBA
AX
FCA
FBC
FCA
AY
C
CY
650 C Y
3,25 1,25
FCA
3
Hallar FCA
650
3,25
FCA
FCA
3
(650) 3
3,25
69
Problema 4.1 Esttica Meriam edicin cinco; Problema 4.2 Esttica Meriam edicin tres
Hallar la fuerza en cada miembro de la armadura simple equiltera
AY
1,732 m
AX A
2m
2m
C
MA = 0
735,75 N
CX
W=mxg
m
w 75 kg 9,81
735,75 Newton
seg 2
W = 735,75 Newton
CX (2) = 1274,31
CX
2m
1274,31
2
637,15 N
CX = 637,15 Newton
FX = 0
FY = 0
CX - AX = 0
AY 735,75 = 0
CX = AX
AY = 735,75 Newton
AX = 637,15 Newton
Nudo B
FBA
2
FBA
30
367,87 N
FBC
735,75 N
2
1,732
FBA
367,87
1
FBA = 2 X 367,87
FBA = 735,75 Newton
735,75 N
367,87 N
1,732
1
FBC
2
FBC
2
367,87
1
FBC = 2 X 367,87
FBC = 735,75 Newton
70
Nudo C
FBC
2
FCA
1
CX
1,732
735,75
2
FCA
FCA
1
735,75
2
CX
FBC
FCA
300
CX
FCA
FBC
1,732
2,4 kN
2,4 kN
600
300
600
300
AX
CY
AY
Nudo B
2,4 kN
2,4 kN
FBA
300
2,4 kN
FBA
sen 30
FBC
FBA (Y)
600
FBA
FBC
FBC (Y)
FBA (X)
FBAY
FBA
FBC
1
FBAY FBA
2
1
FBAY FBA
2
FBC (X)
sen 30
1
2
sen 60
3
2
cos 60
1
2
cos 30
3
2
71
FBCY
FBC
sen 60
cos 30
FBCY
FBCY
cos 60
FBC
2 FBC
FBCX
FBC
1
FBcx FBC
2
1
FBcx FBC
2
FX = 0
FBAX
FBA
FBAx FBA
2
3
FBA
FBAx
FBA(X) - FBC(X) = 0
3
1
FBA - FBC
2
2
0 (ECUACIN 1)
3
1
2 FBA - 2 FBC 0 3
3
1
FBC 2,4
FBA
2
2
3
FBC 0
-
3
1
FBC
FBA
2
2
FY = 0
3
1
FBC
FBA
2
2
2,4 (ECUACIN 2)
3
FBA
2
1
3
FBA FBA
2
2
2,4
2,4
2 FBA = 2,4
FBA
2,4
1,2 kN
2
72
3
1
2 FBA - 2 FBC
0 (ECUACIN 1)
3
1
FBA FBC
2
2
3 FBA FBC
FBA = 1,2 kN
3 1,2
FBC
Nudo C
cos 60
FCAX
FCA
FBC
0
60
600
FCA (X)
FCA
CY
CY
FCA
600
FCA
FX = 0
FCA (Y)
FCA
FBC
cos 60
2,078
1,039 kN
0,5
73
5 kN
AY
Ax
3m
FAB
A
FBC
MA = 0
FCA
B
FBC
1m
FBC
DX (1) - 5 (3) = 0
FAB
FCA
FCD
Dx
DX - 15 = 0
FCD
FBC
C
2m
DX = 15 KN
FX = 0
DX AX = 0
5 kN
AY
Ax
b=3m
DX = AX
FBC
1m
FBC
2 2
D
Dx
2m
C
ley de cosenos
PERO: DX = 15 KN
a2 = b2 + c2 2 b c sen
AX = 15 KN
a2
32
a2
95-6
FY = 0
AY 5 = 0
AY = 5 KN
tg T
2
1
= arc tg (2)
= 63,430
2 - 2 3 5 sen 26,56
5 0,4471
a 2 14 - 2,68
5
a 2 14 - 6 a 2
8
8 2 2
74
+ = 900
= 900 -
= 900 63,43
= 26,560
FAB
NUDO B
FBC(X)
5 kN
FBC
FAB
5 kN
FBC(Y)
FBC
FBC
ley de cosenos
c2 = a2 + b2 2 a b sen
5 2 2 2 2 32 - 2 2 2 3 sen E
5 8 9 - 12 2 sen E
= arc tg 0,7071
= 450
cos = cos 45 = 0,7071
sen = sen 45 = 0,7071
5 8 9 - 16,97 sen E
16,97 sen E 17 - 5 12
12
sen E
0,7071
16,97
FBC = 7,071 KN
FBC(X) = FBC cos 45
75
FBCX
cos 45
FBC
FBC(X) = FBC cos 45
FY = 0
FBC(Y) 5 = 0
Pero:
FBC = 7,071 KN
FBC(Y) = 5 kN
FBC(X) = 5 kN
FBCY
5
7,071 kN
sen 45 0,7071
FBC = 7,071 KN
FX = 0
FBC(X) FAB = 0
FBC
NUDO C
5 kN
FCA
FCD
AY
FBC
C
Ax
3m
FAB
A
FBC
FAB
FCA
FBC
1m
FCAX
cos 26,56
FCA
FCA(X) = FCA cos 26,56
FBC
FCA
FCD
Dx
FCD
FBC
C
2m
FBC(X)
FY = 0
FCA(Y) FBC(Y) = 0
FCA(Y) = FBC(Y)
FBC(Y)
FBC
FCD
"
FCA
FCA(Y) = 5 kN
sen 26,56
FCAY
FCA
FCA(Y)
FCA(X)
76
FCA
FCAY
sen 26,56
5
11,18 kN
0,4471
Reemplazando la ecuacin 1
FCD 0,8944 FCA = 5 (Ecuacin 1)
Pero: FBC(X) = 5 kN
- 5 + FCD FCA(X) = 0
FCD FCA(X) = 5
FCD 10 = 5
FCD = 5 + 10 = 15 kN
FCD = 15 Kn (compresin)
5 kN
AY
NUDO D
FX = 0
DX - FCD = 0
DX = FCD
Ax
3m
FAB
A
FBC
Fy = 0
FCA
FBC
1m
FBC
Pero:
FCD = 15 Kn
FAB
FCA
FCD
Dx
FCD
FBC
C
2m
FBC = 0
77
Problema 4.4 Esttica Meriam edicin tres; Problema 4.6 Esttica Meriam edicin cinco;
Hallar la fuerza en cada miembro de la armadura cargada
E
3m
FED
FAE
D
2 kN
FED
FBD
FEB
FCD
FCD
FEB
MC = 0
FAE
- AY (6) + 2 (3) = 0
FBD
CX
A
FAB
6 AY = 2 (3)
AY = 1 kN
AY
FAB
FBC
FBC
6m
CY
FX = 0
MA = 0
CX 2 = 0
2 (3) - CY (6) = 0
CX = 2 kN
2 (3) = CY (6)
CY = 1 kN
Nudo A
FAE
4,24
FAE
FAB
FAB
3
FAE
4,24
CY = 1 kN
1
3
CY
FAB
AY
CY
3
FAB
3
FAE
4,24
Se halla FAB
1
3
FAB
3
FAB = 1 kN (tension)
Se halla FAE
1
3
FAE
4,24
FAE
4,24
1,41kN
3
78
Nudo E
E
4,24
FED
FAE
FED
FEB
FED
3
FEB
FAE
FEB
3
FAE
4,24
FAE = 1,413 kN
FEB
3
FED
3
1,413
4,24
FEB
3
FED
3
0,3332
Se halla FEB
Se halla FED
FEB
3
FED
3
0,3332
FEB = 3 (0,3332) = 1 kN
(tensin)
0,3332
FED = 3 (0,3332) = 1 kN
(compresin)
Nudo B
FEB
FBC
FBD
4,24
FBD
FBC
FAB
D
3
FEB = 1 kn
FBD
FBD (Y)
D
FAB = 1 kN
FBD (X)
tg D
3
1
3
D = arc tg (1)
D = 450
sen D
sen 45
FBDY
FBD
FBDY
FBD
cos D
cos 45
FBDX
FBD
FBDX
FY = 0
FEB - FBD(Y) = 0
FEB = FBD(Y)
FEB = 3 (0,3332) = 1 kN
1 = FBD(Y)
1 = FBD (sen 45)
FBD
1
sen 45
1
1,414 kN
0,7071
FBD = 1,414 kN
FBD
79
FX = 0
FBD = 1,414 kN
Pero: FAB = 1 kN
Pero: FBD (X) = 1 kN
FBC = 1 + 1
FBD (X) = 1,414 (0,7071)
FBC = 2 kN
FBD (X) = 1 kN
Nudo C
FCD
CX
FCD
FY = 0
FX = 0
FCD - CY = 0
CX - FBC = 0
CX
FBC
CY
CY
FBC
FCD = CY
CX = FBC
CY = 1 kN
FBC = 2 kN
(traccin)
FCD = CY = 1 kN (traccin)
CX = FBC = 2 kN
Problema 4.4 Esttica Meriam edicin cinco
Calculate the forces in members BE and BD of the loaded truss.
8 pulg.
8 pulg.
FBC
CY
FBC
C
Cx
FBD
FAB
FEB
8 pulg.
FEB
FBD
FAB
A
MC = 0
FAE
FAE
FED
FED
Dx
DY
1000 lb
1000 (8 + 8) - DX (8) = 0
1000 (16) - 8 DX = 0
16000 - 8 DX = 0
80
8 DX = 16000
16000
8
DX
FX = 0
2000 lb.
CX - DX = 0
DX = 2000 lb.
C
CY
CX = DX
CY
2
2
CX = 2000 lb.
Cx
Cx
CY
2
CX
2
NUDO A
8 pulg.
CY
2
C
Cx
FAB
FAB
FAB
8 2
FAE
8 pulg.
1000 lb
FAB
8
1000 lb
FAE
FAE
FAE
FAB
8 2
1000
8
FAE
8
FAB
2
1000 FAE
Dx
DY
1000 lb
Hallar FAE
1000 FAE
FAE = 1000 lb. (Compresin)
81
Hallar FAB
FAB
2
1000
FAB 1000
NUDO E
8 pulg.
FBC
CY
FBC
FEB
Cx
FBD
FAB
FEB
8 pulg.
FED
FEB
FAE
FBD
FAB
FY = 0
FEB = 0
FAE
FAE
FED
FED
Dx
D
DY
1000 lb
FX = 0
FAE - FED = 0
FAE = FED
FBD(X)
FAB(X)
8 2
8 2
8
FAB
FBD
FAB(Y)
FBC
FBC
FBC
FAB
FBD
FAB
FBD
FEB
=0
FAB
8 2
FABY
8
FABX
8
Hallar FAB(X)
FAB
2
1414,2
2
FABX
FABX
FAB
2
FABY FABX
82
FAB
2
FABY
1414,2
FX = 0
FABY
FY = 0
FBD
8 2
FBDY
8
FBDX
8
FBD
FBDY FBDX
2
Pero: FBD (Y) = 1000 lb.
FBDY FBDX
FBD (X) = 1000 lb.
FBD
FBDY
2
Pero: FBD (Y) = 1000 lb.
FBD
FBD
2 FBDY
2 1000
PERO:
FBD (X) = 1000 lb.
FBC - 1000 = 1000
FBC = 1000 + 1000
FBC = 2000 lb. (traccin)
DX = 2000 lb.
FAB = 1414,21libras (tensin)
FAE = 1000 lb. (Compresin)
FED = 1000 lb. (Compresin)
FEB = 0
FBC = 2000 lb. (traccin)
83
10 kN
4m
BX = 6 kN
6 kN
4m
3
5
10 kN
4
BY =8 kN
4m
4m
BX = 6 kN
AY
10 kN
BY =8 kN
4m
AX
FAB
FAE
4m F
AE
FCB
FCD
CY
FBE
10
5
BY
4
Hallar BX
BX
3
FCB
FBD
BX = 3 (2) = 6 KN
BX = 6 KN
FED
MA = 0
6 kN
4m
FAB
FBE
BX
3
FCD
FED
Hallar BY
4m
BY
4
- BY (4) + CY (4 + 4) - 6 (4 + 4) = 0
FX = 0
- 4 + CY - 6 = 0
BX - AX = 0
= 6 KN
BY = 4 (2) = 6 KN
PERO: BX
BY = 8 KN
CY - 10 = 0
BX = AX
CY = 10 KN
AX = 6 KN
84
MC = 0
- AY (4 + 4) + BY (4) = 0
PERO: BY = 8 KN
- AY (8) + 8 (4) = 0
- AY + 4 = 0
AY = 4 kN
AY
NUDO A
sen T
FAEY
FAE
sen T
2 3
4
3
FAE
2
FAEX
FAE
2 1
4 2
AX
AY
2
3
2
2m
FAE(X)
FAB
FAE
2 3
FAE(Y)
AX
2m
FAB
FAB
FBE
4m F
AE
FAE
FAE
FAEY
cos T
cos T
FX = 0
FAE(X) AX + FAB = 0
FAEX
1
FAE
2
PERO: AX = 6 KN
3
FAE
2
FAEY
2
FAEY
FY = 0
AY FAE (Y) = 0
FAE(X) + FAB = AX
FAE
FAE(X) + FAB = 6
1
FAE FAB
2
PERO:
AY = 4 kN
6 (ECUACION 1)
FAE
2
3
4,618 kN
FAE (Y) = AY
FAE (Y) = 4 kN
1
FAE FAB
2
6 (ECUACION 1)
85
FAB
FAB
1
FAE
2
1
6 - 4,618 6 - 2,309 3,691 kN
2
6-
NUDO C
AY
6 kN
FCD
4m
AX
FCB
BY =8 kN
10 kN
FAB
FAE
FAB
FCB
FCD
FCD
FED
4m
CY
FBD
FBE
FED
PERO:
CY = 10 kN
FCB
FBD
FBE
4m F
AE
4m
CY
FY = 0
CY 6 - FCD (Y) = 0
6 kN
10 6 - FCD (Y) = 0
FCDY
FCD
FCD (Y) = FCD sen 60
FCDY
4
FCD
sen 60 0,866
4 - FCD (Y) = 0
sen 60
FCD (Y) = 4 KN
6 kN
FCB
FX = 0
FCB - FCD(X) = 0
600
FCD (Y)
FCD
FCB = FCD(X)
FCB = 2,309 kN (compresin)
4,618 kN
FCD (X)
cos 60
FCDx
FCD
86
NUDO B
FX = 0
BX = 6 kN
BY = 8 kN
FAB
FBE(X) FBD(X) = 0
BX = 6 kN
BY =8 kN
10 kN
FAB
FCB
FCB
0
60
60
FBD
FBE
FBE (Y)
FBE
FBD
FBD (Y)
FBEY
sen 60
FBE
FBE(Y) = FBE sen 60
FY = 0
FBE (Y) + FBD (Y) - 8 = 0
FBE (Y) + FBD (Y) = 8
FBDY
FBD
FBD(Y) = FBD sen 60
sen 60
FBEx
FBE
FBE(X) = FBE cos 60
cos 60
FBD (X)
FBDx
FBD
FBD(X) = FBD cos 60
cos 60
BX = 6 kN
AY
10 kN
A
AX
FAB
FAE
FAB
4m
FBD
FCB
FCD
CY
FBD
FBE
FED
6 kN
FCB
FBE
4m F
AE
FED
4m
FBE
FAE
BY =8 kN
FED
4m
FCD
87
FED
FAEY
FAE
FAE(Y) = FAE sen 60
FBEY
FBE
FBE(Y) = FBE sen 60
FAEx
FAE
FAE(X) = FAE cos 60
FBEx
FBE
FBE(X) = FBE cos 60
sen 60
FAE
FAE (Y)
60
FAE (X)
FBE
FBE (Y)
0
60
FBE (X)
FX = 0
cos 60
sen 60
cos 60
CY = 10 KN AY = 4 kN AX = 6 KN
FAE = 4,618 KN (tensin)
FAB = 3,691 KN (tensin)
FCD = 4,618 KN (tensin)
Problema 4.7 Esttica Meriam edicin tres; Problema 4.12 Esttica Meriam edicin cinco
Calcular las fuerzas en los miembros CG y CF de la armadura representada
ME = 0
4 (2 + 2 + 2) + 2 (2 + 2) DX (3) = 0
FX = 0
DX EX = 0
EX = DX
EX =10,666 KN
24 + 8 3 DX = 0
32 3 DX = 0
88
3 DX = 32
DX
32
10,666 KN
3
2 KN
2m
2m
DX = 10,666 KN
FAB
FAB
NUDO A
FAB
FAB
A
FAG
FAG
6
6,7
FBG
FAG
3
FAG
4 KN
4 KN
4 KN
FGC
3m
FGF
FAB
6
FAG
6,7
4
3
CY
FAB FAG 4
6
6,7
3
FAG 4
6,7
3
6,7 4 8,94 KN
FAG
3
4
3
4 6 8 KN
3
FAB = 8 KN (tensin)
Ex
Hallar FAG
Hallar FAB
FAB
Dx
FCF
FGF
FAB
6
FCD D
FCF
FGC
G
DY
2m
NUDO B
2 KN
2 KN
2m
2m
FAB
FBC
FAB
FAB
2m
B FBC FBC C
FBG
D
Dx
FBG
FAG
4 KN
DY
FAG
3m
G
F
FX = 0
FY = 0
FBG - 2 = 0
CY
FBC - FAB = 0
Ex
FBC = FAB
FBG = 2 KN (compresin)
PERO: FAB = 8 KN (tensin)
FBC = 8 KN (tensin)
89
NUDO G
2 KN
2m
2m
FBG
FGC
FAB
FAB
2m
B FBC FBC C
A
FAG
G
4 KN
FGF
FAG
FGC
FGC
G
D
Dx
FBG
FAG
DY
3m
FGF
FGF
tg T
3
0,5
6
E
= arc tg (0,5)
= 26,56
sen 26,56
FAG(X)
FGC(Y)
FAG(Y)
FGFY
FGF
FGCY
FGC
26.56
0
26.56
26.56
FGF
FBG
FGF(Y)
FGF(X)
sen 26,56
CY
FGC
FAG
sen 26,56
Ex
FGC(X)
FAGY
FAG
FGFX
FGF
= FGF cos 26,56
cos 26,56
FGF (X)
FGCX
FGC
= FGC cos 26,56
cos 26,56
FGC (X)
FAGX
FAG
= FAG cos 26,56
cos 26,56
FAG (X)
90
FY = 0
PERO:
FGC(Y) = FGC sen 26,56
FGF(Y) = FGF sen 26,56
FBG = 2 KN (compresin)
0,8942 FGF = 10
10
11,18 KN
0,8942
FGF
Reemplazar la ecuacin 1
FGC - FGF = - 8,94 (Ecuacin 1)
FCD
FBC
26.560
FGC(Y)
FGC
NUDO C
FBC
FCF
FCD
2 KN
2m
2m
FAB
FAB
2m
FGC
FCF
PERO:
FBC = 8 KN
FGC = 2,24 KN
FGCX
FGC
= FGC cos 26,56
= (2,24) cos 26,56
= (2,24) 0,8944
FBG
FAG
4 KN
FAG
FGC
FCD D
Dx
FCF
FCF
FGC
DY
3m
FGF
FGF
F
cos 26,56
FGC (X)
FGC (X)
FGC (X)
CY
Ex
91
FGC (X) = 2 KN
FX = 0
sen 26,56
FCD - FBC - FGC (X) = 0
FGC (Y)
FGC (Y)
FGC (Y)
FGC (Y)
PERO:
FBC = 8 KN
FGC (X) = 2 KN
FGCY
FGC
FY = 0
FCF = 1 KN (compresin)
0,7 m
0,7 m
0,7 m
0,7 m
700 N
700 N
1200 N
0,5 m
0,5 m
C
D
700 N
2,5 m
92
NUDO Q
1200 N
FQN
0,7 m
0,7 m
K
FX = 0
Q
FQN
FQP
FQN
1200 N
FQP
0,5 m
FQP
1200 - FQN = 0
700 N
700 N
0,5 m
FQP = 0
700 N
NUDO O
0,7 m
0,7 m
FOP
Q
FQN
FQN
0,5 m
FX = 0
FOL
M
700 N
P
FOP
0,5 m
FOP
FY = 0
L
FOP - 700 = 0
FOP = 700
FQP
FQP
=0
FOL = 0
1200 N
N (tensin)
FOL
FOL
700 N
700 N
700 N
NUDO P
0,7 m
0,7 m
FPN(X)
FPL(Y)
sen D
0,581
FPL
0,7
FPL(X)
cos D
0,7
0,813
0,86
cos D
FPNX
FPN
=0
FPN
0,5 m
0,86
0,5
0,86
FQP
FPN
0,7
Q
FQN
0,86
FPN(Y) 0,5
N FQN
FPL
0,5 m
0,5
= 700 N
I
700 N
FOL
700 N
FOP
FOP
FPL
FOP
FQP
FQP
FPN
1200 N
FOL
700 N
0,813
93
sen D
FPN(Y)
FPNY
0,581
FPN
= 0,581 FPN
cos D
FX = 0
FPL(X) - FPN(X) = 0
FPL(X)
sen D
FPLX
0,813
FPL
= 0,813 FPL
FPLY
0,581
FPL
= 0,581 FPL
FPL
700
1,162
602,4 N
94
NUDO N
Pero: FPN = 602,4 N (tensin)
sen D
0,5
0,86
0,7 m
0,7 m
FNK
FNK
N FQN
FPN FQN
FNM
0,5 m
FNM
0,581
cos D
FPN(X)
FPN X
0,813
FPN
= 0,813 FPN
sen D
FPN Y
FPN
FPN(X)
700 N
FOL
700 N
FOP
FOP
FPL
FQP
FPL
0,7
0,813
0,86
1200 N
FQP
FPN
0,5 m
cos D
FOL
700 N
0,86
FPN(Y) 0,5
FPN
0,7
FQN
= 1200 N
FNK
0,581
FY = 0
FNM
FNM - FPN(Y) = 0
PERO:
FPN(Y) = 350 N
FPN(Y) = 350 N
FNM = FPN(Y)
FX = 0
FQN + FPN(X) FNK = 0
Pero:
FQN = 1200 N
FPN(X) = 489,75 N
FQP = 0
FOP = 700
FOL = 0
1689,75 - FNK = 0
N (tensin)
95