Section TECH-C

Water Data
TECH-C-1 Friction Loss for Water Sched 40 Steel Pipe
1
U.S.
8 In. (0.269" I.D.)
Gallons
per
V
V2
hf
Minute (Ft./Sec.)
2g
(Ft./100 ft.)
0.2
1.13
0.020
2.72
0.4
2.26
0.079
16.2
0.6
3.39
0.178
33.8
0.8
4.52
0.317
57.4
1.0
5.65
0.495
87.0
1.5
8.48
1.12
188
2.0
11.3
1.98
324
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5
6
7
8
9
10
12
14

U.S.
Gallons
per
Minute
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
12
14
16
18
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
80
90
100
120
140

4 In. (0.364" I.D.)

V2

hf

2g
1.23
1.85
2.47
3.08
4.62
6.17
7.17
9.25
10.79
12.33
13.87
15.42

0.024
0.053
0.095
0.148
0.332
0.591
0.923
1.33
1.81
2.36
2.99
3.69

3.7
7.6
12.7
19.1
40.1
69.0
105
148
200
259
326
398

4 In. (0.824" I.D.)

1 In. (1.049" I.D.)

V2

2.41
3.01
3.61
4.21
4.81
5.42
6.02
7.22
8.42
9.63
10.8
12.0
15.1
18.1

2g
0.090
0.141
0.203
0.276
0.360
0.456
0.563
0.810
1.10
1.44
1.82
2.25
3.54
5.06

hf

V2

4.21
6.32
8.87
11.8
15.0
18.8
23.0
32.6
43.5
56.3
70.3
86.1
134
187

1.48
1.86
2.23
2.60
2.97
3.34
3.71
4.45
5.20
5.94
6.68
7.42
9.29
11.1
13.0
14.8
16.7
18.6
22.3
26.0

2g
0.034
0.053
0.077
0.105
0.137
0.173
0.214
0.308
0.420
0.548
0.694
0.857
1.34
1.93
2.62
3.43
4.33
5.35
7.71
10.5

8 In. (0.493" I.D.)

V2
2g

1.01
1.34
1.68
2.52
3.36
4.20
5.04
5.88
6.72
7.56
8.40
10.1
11.8
13.4
15.1
16.8

0.016
0.028
0.044
0.099
0.176
0.274
0.395
0.538
0.702
0.889
1.10
1.58
2.15
2.81
3.56
4.39

hf

1.74
2.89
4.30
8.93
15.0
22.6
31.8
42.6
54.9
68.4
83.5
118
158
205
258
316

1 1 4 In. (1.3880" I.D.)

hf

1.29
1.93
2.68
3.56
4.54
5.65
6.86
9.62
12.8
16.5
20.6
25.1
37.4
54.6
73.3
95.0
119
146
209
283

V2
2g

1.29
1.50
1.72
1.93
2.15
2.57
3.00
3.43
3.86
4.29
5.37
6.44
7.52
8.58
9.66
10.7
12.9
15.0
17.2
19.3
21.5
25.7

0.026
0.035
0.046
0.058
0.071
0.103
0.140
0.183
0.232
0.286
0.448
0.644
0.879
1.14
1.45
1.79
2.57
3.50
4.58
5.79
7.15
10.3

hf

0.70
0.93
1.18
1.46
1.77
2.48
3.28
4.20
5.22
6.34
9.66
13.6
18.5
23.5
29.5
36.0
51.0
68.8
89.2
112
138
197

2 In. (0.622" I.D.)

V2

hf

2g

1.06
1.58
2.11
2.64
3.17
3.70
4.22
4.75
5.28
6.34
7.39
8.45
9.50
10.6
12.7
14.8

0.017
0.039
0.069
0.108
0.156
0.212
0.277
0.351
0.433
0.624
0.849
1.11
1.40
1.73
2.49
3.40

1.86
2.85
4.78
7.16
10.0
13.3
17.1
21.3
25.8
36.5
48.7
62.7
78.3
95.9
136
183

1 1 2 In. (1.610" I.D.)

V

V2
2g

1.26
1.42
1.58
1.89
2.21
2.52
2.84
3.15
3.94
4.73
5.52
6.30
7.10
7.88
9.46
11.0
12.6
14.2
15.8
18.9
22.1

0.025
0.031
0.039
0.056
0.076
0.99
0.125
0.154
0.241
0.347
0.473
0.618
0.783
0.965
1.39
1.89
2.47
3.13
3.86
5.56
7.56

hf

0.56
0.69
0.83
1.16
1.53
1.96
2.42
2.94
4.50
6.26
8.38
10.8
13.5
16.4
23.2
31.3
40.5
51.0
62.2
88.3
119

U.S.
Gallons
per
Minute
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5
6
7
8
9
10
12
14

U.S.
Gallons
per
Minute
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
12
14
16
18
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
80
90
100
120
140

TECH-C

U.S.
Gallons
per
Minute
30
35
40
50
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
350
400
500
600
700
800
1000

U.S.
Gallons
per
Minute
140
160
180
200
240
280
320
360
400
450
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
2400
2800
3200
3600
4000

21 2 In. (2.469" I.D.)

2 In. (2.067" I.D.)

V
2.87
3.35
3.82
4.78
5.74
7.65
9.56
11.5
13.4
15.3
17.2
19.1
21.0
22.9
24.9
26.8
28.7

V2
2g
0.128
0.174
0.227
0.355
0.511
0.909
1.42
2.05
2.78
3.64
4.60
5.68
6.88
8.18
9.60
11.1
12.8

hf

1.82
2.42
3.10
4.67
6.59
11.4
17.4
24.7
33.2
43.0
54.1
66.3
80.0
95.0
111
128
146

2.01
2.35
2.68
3.35
4.02
5.36
6.70
8.04
9.38
10.7
12.1
13.4
14.7
16.1
17.4
18.8
20.1
23.5
26.8
33.5

V2
2g
0.063
0.085
0.112
0.174
0.251
0.447
0.698
1.00
1.37
1.79
2.26
2.79
3.38
4.02
4.72
5.47
6.28
8.55
11.2
17.4

hf
0.75
1.00
1.28
1.94
2.72
4.66
7.11
10.0
13.5
17.4
21.9
26.7
32.2
38.1
44.5
51.3
58.5
79.2
103
160

3 In. (3.068" I.D.)

V

V2
2g

hf

2.17
2.60
3.47
4.34
5.21
6.08
6.94
7.81
8.68
9.55
10.4
11.3
12.2
13.0
15.2
17.4
21.7
26.0
30.4
34.7

0.073
0.105
0.187
0.293
0.421
0.574
0.749
0.948
1.17
1.42
1.69
1.98
2.29
2.63
3.57
4.68
7.32
10.5
14.3
18.7

0.66
0.92
1.57
2.39
3.37
4.51
5.81
7.28
8.90
10.7
12.6
14.7
16.9
19.2
26.3
33.9
52.5
74.8
101
131

3 1 2 In. (3.548" I.D.)

V

V2
2g

hf

1.95
2.60
3.25
3.89
4.54
5.19
5.84
6.49
7.14
7.79
8.44
9.09
9.74
11.3
13.0
16.2
19.5
22.7
26.0
32.5

0.059
0.105
0.164
0.236
0.321
0.419
0.530
0.655
0.792
0.943
1.11
1.28
1.47
2.00
2.62
4.09
5.89
8.02
10.5
16.44

0.45
0.77
1.17
1.64
2.18
2.80
3.50
4.27
5.12
6.04
7.04
8.11
9.26
12.4
16.2
25.0
35.6
48.0
62.3
96.4

4 In. (4.026" I.D.)

5 In. (5.047" I.D.)

6 In. (6.065" I.D.)

8 In. (7.981" I.D.)

V2

V2

V2

3.53
4.03
4.54
5.04
6.05
7.06
8.06
9.07
10.1
11.3
12.6
15.1
17.6
20.2
22.7
25.2
30.2
35.3

2g
0.193
0.253
0.320
0.395
0.569
0.774
1.01
1.28
1.58
2.00
2.47
3.55
4.84
6.32
8.00
9.87
14.2
19.3

TECH-C

hf

V2

1.16
1.49
1.86
2.27
3.21
4.30
5.51
6.92
8.47
10.5
13.0
18.6
25.0
32.4
40.8
50.2
72.0
97.6

2.25
2.57
2.89
3.21
3.85
4.49
5.13
5.77
6.41
7.23
8.02
9.62
11.2
12.8
14.4
16.0
19.2
22.5
25.7
28.8
32.1

2g
0.078
0.102
0.129
0.160
0.230
0.313
0.409
0.518
0.639
0.811
0.999
1.44
1.96
2.56
3.24
4.00
5.76
7.83
10.2
12.9
16.0

hf
0.38
0.49
0.61
0.74
1.03
1.38
1.78
2.22
2.72
3.42
4.16
5.88
7.93
10.2
12.9
15.8
22.5
30.4
39.5
49.7
61.0

2g

2.22
2.66
3.11
3.55
4.00
4.44
5.00
5.55
6.66
7.77
8.88
9.99
11.1
13.3
15.5
17.8
20.0
22.2
26.6
31.1
35.5

0.077
0.110
0.150
0.196
0.240
0.307
0.388
0.479
0.690
0.939
1.23
1.55
1.92
2.76
3.76
4.91
6.21
7.67
11.0
15.0
19.6

hf

0.30
0.42
0.56
0.72
0.90
1.09
1.37
1.66
2.34
3.13
4.03
5.05
6.17
8.76
11.8
15.4
19.4
23.8
34.2
46.1
59.9

2g

2.57
2.89
3.21
3.85
4.49
5.13
5.77
6.41
7.70
8.98
10.3
11.5
12.8
15.4
18.0
20.5
23.1
25.7

0.102
0.129
0.160
0.230
0.313
0.409
0.518
0.639
0.920
1.25
1.64
2.07
2.56
3.68
5.01
6.55
8.28
10.2

hf

0.28
0.35
0.42
0.60
0.80
1.02
1.27
1.56
2.20
2.95
3.82
4.79
5.86
8.31
11.2
14.5
18.4
22.6

U.S.
Gallons
per
Minute
30
35
40
50
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
350
400
500
600
700
800
1000

U.S.
Gallons
per
Minute
140
160
180
200
240
280
320
360
400
450
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
2400
2800
3200
3600
4000

U.S.
Gallons
per
Minute
800
900
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
18,000
20,000

U.S.
Gallons
per
Minute
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
8000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
18,000
20,000
22,000
24,000
26,000
28,000
30,000
34,000
38,000
42,000
46,000
50,000

10 In. (10.020" I.D.)

V

V2
2g
0.165
0.208
0.257
0.370
0.504
0.659
0.834
1.03
1.62
2.32
3.13
4.12
5.21
6.43
9.26
12.6
16.5
20.8

3.25
3.66
4.07
4.88
5.70
6.51
7.32
8.14
10.2
12.2
14.2
16.3
18.3
20.3
24.4
28.5
32.5
36.6

12 In. (11.938" I.D.)

hf
0.328
0.410
0.500
0.703
0.940
1.21
1.52
1.86
2.86
4.06
5.46
7.07
8.88
10.9
15.6
21.1
27.5
34.6

14 In. (13.124" I.D.)

V2
2g

hf

2.58
2.87
3.44
4.01
4.59
5.16
5.73
7.17
8.60
10.0
11.5
12.9
14.3
17.2
20.1
22.9
25.8
28.7
34.4
40.1

0.103
0.128
0.184
0.250
0.327
0.414
0.511
0.799
1.15
1.55
2.04
2.59
3.19
4.60
6.26
8.17
10.3
12.8
18.3
25.0

0.173
0.210
0.296
0.395
0.609
0.636
0.776
1.19
1.68
2.25
2.92
3.65
4.47
6.39
8.63
11.2
14.1
17.4
24.8
33.5

16 In. (15.000" I.D.)

V2
2g

hf

2.37
2.85
3.32
3.79
4.27
4.74
5.93
7.11
8.30
9.48
10.7
11.9
14.2
16.6
19.0
21.3
23.7
28.5
33.2
37.9
42.7

0.087
0.126
0.171
0.224
0.283
0.349
0.546
0.786
1.07
1.40
1.77
2.18
3.14
4.28
5.59
7.08
8.74
12.6
17.1
22.4
28.3

0.131
0.185
0.247
0.317
0.395
0.483
0.738
1.04
1.40
1.81
2.27
2.78
3.95
5.32
6.90
8.7
10.7
15.2
20.7
26.8
33.9

V2
2g

hf

2.90
3.27
3.63
4.54
5.45
6.35
7.26
8.17
9.08
10.9
12.7
14.5
16.3
18.2
21.8
25.4
29.0
32.7
36.3

0.131
0.166
0.205
0.320
0.461
0.627
0.820
1.04
1.28
1.84
2.51
3.28
4.15
5.12
7.38
10.0
13.1
16.6
20.5

0.163
0.203
0.248
0.377
0.535
0.718
0.921
1.15
1.41
2.01
2.69
3.498
4.38
5.38
7.69
10.4
13.5
17.2
21.2

18 In. (16.876" I.D.)

20 In. (18.812" I.D.)

24 In. (22.624" I.D.)

V2

V2

V2

2.87
4.30
5.74
7.17
8.61
11.5
14.3
17.2
20.1
22.9
25.8
28.7
31.6
34.4
37.3
40.2
43.0

2g
0.128
0.288
0.512
0.799
1.15
2.05
3.20
4.60
6.27
8.19
10.4
12.8
15.5
18.4
21.6
25.1
28.8

hf
0.139
0.297
0.511
0.781
1.11
1.93
2.97
4.21
5.69
7.41
9.33
11.5
13.9
16.5
19.2
22.2
25.5

2g
3.46
4.62
5.77
6.92
9.23
11.5
13.8
16.2
18.5
20.8
23.1
25.4
27.7
30.0
32.3
34.6
39.2
43.9

0.186
0.331
0.517
0.745
1.32
2.07
2.98
4.06
5.30
6.71
8.28
10.0
11.9
14.0
16.2
18.6
23.9
29.9

hf

0.174
0.298
0.455
0.645
1.11
.70
2.44
3.29
4.26
5.35
6.56
7.91
9.39
11.0
12.7
14.6
18.7
23.2

2g

3.19
3.99
4.79
6.38
7.98
9.58
11.2
12.8
14.4
16.0
17.6
19.2
20.7
22.3
23.9
27.1
30.3
33.5
36.7
39.9

0.158
0.247
0.356
0.633
0.989
1.42
1.94
2.53
3.21
3.96
4.79
5.70
6.69
7.76
8.91
11.4
14.3
17.5
20.9
24.7

hf

0.120
0.181
0.257
0.441
0.671
0.959
1.29
1.67
2.10
2.58
3.10
3.67
4.29
4.96
5.68
7.22
9.00
11.0
13.2
15.5

U.S.
Gallons
per
Minute
800
900
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
18,000
20,000

U.S.
Gallons
per
Minute
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
8000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
18,000
20,000
22,000
24,000
26,000
28,000
30,000
34,000
38,000
42,000
46,000
50,000

Reprinted from PIPE FRICTION MANUAL, Third Edition.

Copyright 1961 by Hydraulic Institute.

TECH-C

Friction Loss
TECHNICAL DATA

PLASTIC PIPE: FRICTION LOSS (IN FEET OF HEAD) PER 100 FT.
3

GPM

GPH

1
2
3
4
5
6
8
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
80
90
100
125
150
175
200
250
300
350
400
500
550
600
700
800
900
950
1000

60
120
180
240
300
360
480
600
900
1,200
1,500
1,800
2,100
2,400
2,700
3,000
3,600
4,200
4,800
5,400
6,000
7,500
9,000
10,500
12,000
15,000
18,000
21,000
24,000
30,000
33,000
36,000
42,000
48,000
54,000
57,000
60,000

8"
ft.
4.25
15.13
31.97
54.97
84.41

2"
ft.
1.38
4.83
9.96
17.07
25.76
36.34
63.71
97.52

4"
ft.
.356
1.21
2.51
4.21
6.33
8.83
15.18
25.98
49.68
86.94

1"
ft.
.11
.38
.77
1.30
1.92
2.69
4.58
6.88
14.63
25.07
38.41

1 1 4"
ft.
.10
.21
.35
.51
.71
1.19
1.78
3.75
6.39
9.71
13.62
18.17
23.55
29.44

112"
ft.

.10
.16
.24
.33
.55
.83
1.74
2.94
4.44
6.26
8.37
10.70
13.46
16.45
23.48

2"
ft.

.10
.17
.25
.52
.86
1.29
1.81
2.42
3.11
3.84
4.67
6.60
8.83
11.43
14.26

21 2 "
ft.

.11
.22
.36
.54
.75
1.00
1.28
1.54
1.93
2.71
3.66
4.67
5.82
7.11
10.83

3"
ft.

.13
.19
.26
.35
.44
.55
.66
.93
1.24
1.58
1.98
2.42
3.80
5.15
6.90
8.90

4"
ft.

.09
.12
.15
.17
.25
.33
.41
.52
.63
.95
1.33
1.78
2.27
3.36
4.85
6.53

6"
ft.

.08
.13
.18
.23
.30
.45
.63
.84
1.08
1.66
1.98
2.35

8"
ft.

.12
.17
.22
.28
.42
.50
.59
.79
1.02
1.27

10"
ft.

.14
.16
.19
.26
.33
.41
.46
.50

Friction Loss
TECHNICAL DATA

STEEL PIPE: FRICTION LOSS (IN FEET OF HEAD) PER 100 FT.
3

GPM

GPH

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
12
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
70
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
650
700
750
800
850
900
950
1000

60
120
180
240
300
360
420
480
540
600
720
900
1,200
1,500
1,800
2,100
2,400
2,700
4,200
6,000
9,000
12,000
15,000
18,000
21,000
24,000
27,000
30,000
33,000
36,000
39,000
42,000
45,000
48,000
51,000
54,000
57,000
60,000

8"
ft.
4.30
15.00
31.80
54.90
83.50

2"
ft.
1.86
4.78
10.00
17.10
25.80
36.50
48.70
62.70

4"
ft.
.26
1.21
2.50
4.21
6.32
8.87
11.80
15.00
18.80
23.00
32.60
49.70
86.10

1"
ft.
.38
.77
1.30
1.93
2.68
3.56
4.54
5.65
6.86
9.62
14.70
25.10
38.60
54.60
73.40
95.00

114"
ft.

.34
.51
.70
.93
1.18
1.46
1.77
2.48
3.74
6.34
9.65
13.60
18.20
23.50
30.70
68.80

112"
ft.

2"
ft.

.24
.33
.44
.56
.69
.83
1.16
1.75
2.94
4.48
6.26
8.37
10.79
13.45
31.30
62.20

.10
.13
.17
.21
.25
.34
.52
.87
1.30
1.82
2.42
3.10
3.85
8.86
17.40
38.00
66.30
90.70

212"
ft.

3"
ft.

4"
ft.

5"
ft.

6"
ft.

8"
ft.

10"
ft.

.11
.15
.22
.36
.54
.75
1.00
1.28
1.60
3.63
7.11
15.40
26.70
42.80
58.50
79.20
103.00
130.00
160.00
193.00
230.00

.04
.05
.08
.13
.19
.26
.35
.44
.55
1.22
2.39
5.14
8.90
14.10
19.20
26.90
33.90
42.75
52.50
63.20
74.80
87.50
101.00
116.00
131.00
148.00
165.00
184.00
204.00

.35
.63
1.32
2.27
3.60
4.89
6.72
8.47
10.65
13.00
15.70
18.60
21.70
25.00
28.60
32.40
36.50
40.80
45.30
50.20

.736
1.20
1.58
2.18
2.72
3.47
4.16
4.98
5.88
6.87
7.93
9.05
10.22
11.50
12.90
14.30
15.80

.30
.49
.64
.88
1.09
1.36
1.66
1.99
2.34
2.73
3.13
3.57
4.03
4.53
5.05
5.60
6.17

.08
.13
.16
.23
.279
.348
.424
.507
.597
.694
.797
.907
1.02
1.147
1.27
1.41
1.56

.0542
.0719
.0917
.114
.138
.164
.192
.224
.256
.291
.328
.368
.410
.455
.500

Friction Loss
TECHNICAL DATA

COPPER PIPE: FRICTION LOSS (IN FEET OF HEAD) PER 100 FT.
3

GPM

GPH

1
2
5
7
10
15
18
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
60
70
75
80
90
100
125
150
175
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
750
1000

60
120
300
420
600
900
1,080
1,200
1,500
1,800
2,100
2,400
2,700
3,000
3,600
4,200
4,500
4,800
5,400
6,000
7,500
9,000
10,500
12,000
15,000
18,000
21,000
24,000
27,000
30,000
45,000
60,000

8"
ft.
6.2
19.6

2"
ft.
1.8
6.0
30.0
53.0

4"
ft.
.39
1.2
5.8
11.0
19.6
37.0
55.4

114"
ft.

1"
ft.

1.6
3.2
5.3
9.9
16.1
18.5
27.7
39.3
48.5

2.2
3.9
6.2
6.9
10.4
14.3
18.7
25.4
30.0
39.3

112"
ft.

2.1
3.2
3.9
5.3
7.6
10.2
13.2
16.2
19.4
27.7
40.0
41.6
45.0
50.8

2"
ft.

1.5
2.1
2.8
3.5
4.2
5.1
6.9
9.2
9.9
11.6
13.9
16.9
25.4
32.3
41.6
57.8

21 2 "
ft.

1.2
1.6
1.8
2.5
3.5
3.7
4.2
4.8
6.2
8.6
11.6
16.2
20.8
32.3
41.6

3"
ft.

1.1
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.2
2.8
3.7
4.8
6.9
9.0
13.9
18.5
32.3
39.3
44.0

4"
ft.

1.2
1.7
2.2
3.5
4.6
5.8
7.2
9.2
11.1
23.1
37.0

Friction Loss
TECHNICAL DATA

ALUMINUM PIPE: FRICTION LOSS (IN FEET OF HEAD) PER 100 FT.
GPM
5
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
280
300
350
400

2" OD
.05"
Wall
.07
.32
1.20
2.58
4.49
6.85
9.67
12.95
16.70
20.80
25.40

3" OD
.05"
Wall
.04
.15
.32
.56
.85
1.21
1.61
2.06
2.58
3.18
4.51
6.00
7.76
9.67
11.83
14.12
16.72
19.42
22.40
25.45

4" OD
.063"
Wall

.04
.08
.13
.20
.28
.38
.49
.60
.74
1.06
1.41
1.82
2.27
2.78
3.31
3.91
4.56
5.26
5.98
8.03
10.36

5" OD
.063"
Wall

.04
.07
.09
.12
.16
.20
.24
.34
.46
.59
.73
.89
1.07
1.27
1.47
1.71
1.93
2.59
3.33

6" OD
.063"
Wall

.03
.04
.05
.06
.08
.10
.14
.19
.24
.30
.36
.44
.52
.60
.69
.79
1.05
1.35

7" OD
.078"
Wall

.03
.04
.05
.07
.09
.11
.14
.17
.20
.24
.28
.33
.37
.50
.64

8" OD
.094"
Wall

GPM

2" OD
.05"
Wall

3" OD
.05"
Wall

450
500
550
600
650
700
750
800
850
900
950
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000

.03
.04
.05
.06
.07
.09
.11
.13
.15
.17
.19
.26
.33

4" OD
.063"
Wall
12.90
15.73
19.12
22.46
26.10

5" OD
.063"
Wall
4.15
5.07
6.16
7.24
8.42
9.68
11.05
12.48
13.95
15.65
17.35
19.10
22.85
26.95

6" OD
.063"
Wall
1.69
2.06
2.50
2.94
3.41
3.92
4.46
5.03
5.64
6.35
7.02
7.72
9.22
10.88
12.62
14.65
16.67
18.80
20.95
23.60

7" OD
.078"
Wall
.80
.97
1.18
1.38
1.62
1.86
2.11
2.38
2.67
2.98
3.32
3.64
4.37
5.16
5.96
6.90
7.87
8.89
9.95
11.15
12.35
13.65

8" OD
.094"
Wall
.41
.50
.62
.72
.84
.97
1.10
1.24
1.39
1.56
1.73
1.90
2.27
2.68
3.10
3.60
4.07
4.62
5.16
5.79
6.42
7.10

(Above table computed for aluminum pipe with coupler.

RUBBER HOSE: FRICTION LOSS (IN FEET OF HEAD) PER 100 FT.
GPM
15
20
25
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
125
150
175
200

4"
70
122
182
259

1"
23
32
51
72
122
185
233

Actual Inside Diameter in Inches

1 1 4"
112"
2"
212"
3"
5.8
2.5
.9
.2
10
4.2
1.6
.5
15
6.7
2.3
.7
21.2
9.3
3.2
.9
.2
35
15.5
5.5
1.4
.7
55
23
8.3
2.3
1.2
81
32
11.8
3.2
1.4
104
44
15.2
4.2
1.8
134
55
19.8
5.3
2.5
164
70
25
7
3.5
203
85
29
8.1
4
305
127
46
12.2
5.8
422
180
62
17.3
8.1
230
85
23.1
10.6
308
106
30
13.6

GPM

4"

250
300
350
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
1250
1500
1750
2000

.7
.9
1.4
1.6
2.5
3.2

4"

1"

Actual Inside Diameter in Inches

114"
1 1 2"
2"
2 1 2"
162
44
219
62
292
83
106
163
242
344
440

3"
21
28
39
49
74
106
143
182
224
270
394
525

4"
4.9
6.7
9.3
11.8
17.1
23
30
40
51
63
100
141
185
230

Friction Loss
TECHNICAL DATA

EQUIVALENT NUMBER OF FEET STRAIGHT PIPE FOR DIFFERENT FITTINGS

Size of fittings, Inches

4"

1"

114"

112"

2"

2 12"

3"

4"

5"

6"

8"

10"

90 Ell
45 Ell
Long Sweep Ell
Close Return Bend
Tee-Straight Run
Tee-Side Inlet or Outlet
or Pitless Adapter
Ball or Globe Valve Open
Angle Valve Open
Gate Valve-Fully Open
Check Valve (Swing)
In Line Check Valve
(Spring)
or Foot Valve

1.5
0.8
1.0
3.6
1

2.0
1.0
1.4
5.0
2

2.7
1.3
1.7
6.0
2

3.5
1.7
2.3
8.3
3

4.3
2.0
2.7
10.0
3

5.5
2.5
3.5
13.0
4

6.5
3.0
4.2
15.0
5

8.0
3.8
5.2
18.0

10.0
5.0
7.0
24.0

14.0
6.3
9.0
31.0

15
7.1
11.0
37.0

20
9.4
14.0
39.0

25
12

2"

3.3

4.5

5.7

7.6

9.0

12.0

14.0

17.0

22.0

27.0

31.0

40.0

17.0
8.4
0.4
4

22.0
12.0
0.5
5

27.0
15.0
0.6
7

36.0
18.0
0.8
9

43.0
22.0
1.0
11

55.0
28.0
1.2
13

67.0
33.0
1.4
16

82.0
42.0
1.7
20

110.0
58.0
2.3
26

140.0
70.0
2.9
33

160.0
83.0
3.5
39

220.0
110.0
4.5
52

12

14

19

23

32

43

58

Example:
(A) 100 ft. of 2" plastic pipe with one (1) 90 elbow and one (1) swing check valve.
90 elbow equivalent to
5.5 ft. of straight pipe
Swing check equivalent to 13.0 ft. of straight pipe
100 ft. of pipe equivalent to 100 ft. of straight pipe
118.5 ft. = Total equivalent pipe
Figure friction loss for 118.5 ft. of pipe.

(B) Assume flow to be 80 GPM through 2" plastic pipe.

1. Friction loss table shows 11.43 ft. loss per 100 ft. of pipe.
2. In step (A) above we have determined total ft. of pipe to be 118.5 ft.
3. Convert 118.5 ft. to percentage 118.5 100 = 1.185
4. Multiply
11.43
x 1.185
13.54455 or 13.5 ft. = Total friction loss in this system.

65

Theoretical Discharge of Nozzles in U.S. GPM

Head
Lbs.

Feet

10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
175
200
250
300

23.1
34.6
46.2
57.7
69.3
80.8
92.4
103.9
115.5
127.0
138.6
150.1
161.7
173.2
184.8
196.3
207.9
219.4
230.9
242.4
254.0
265.5
277.1
288.6
300.2
311.7
323.3
334.8
346.4
404.1
461.9
577.4
692.8

10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
175
200
250
300

23.1
34.6
46.2
57.7
69.3
80.8
92.4
103.9
115.5
127.0
138.6
150.1
161.7
173.2
184.8
196.3
207.9
219.4
230.9
242.4
254.0
265.5
277.1
288.6
300.2
311.7
323.3
334.8
346.4
404.1
461.9
577.4
692.8

Velocy
of
Disch.
Feet
per Sec.
38.6
47.25
54.55
61.0
66.85
72.2
77.2
81.8
86.25
90.4
94.5
98.3
102.1
105.7
109.1
112.5
115.8
119.0
122.0
125.0
128.0
130.9
133.7
136.4
139.1
141.8
144.3
146.9
149.5
161.4
172.6
193.0
211.2

38.6
47.25
54.55
61.0
66.85
72.2
77.2
81.8
86.25
90.4
94.5
98.3
102.1
105.7
109.1
112.5
115.8
119.0
122.0
125.0
128.0
130.9
133.7
136.4
139.1
141.8
144.3
146.9
149.5
161.4
172.6
193.0
211.2

Diameter of Nozzle in Inches

116

18

0.37
0.45
0.52
0.58
0.64
0.69
0.74
0.78
0.83
0.87
0.90
0.94
0.98
1.01
1.05
1.08
1.11
1.14
1.17
1.20
1.23
1.25
1.28
1.31
1.33
1.36
1.38
1.41
1.43
1.55
1.65
1.85
2.02

1.48
1.81
2.09
2.34
2.56
2.77
2.96
3.13
3.30
3.46
3.62
3.77
3.91
4.05
4.18
4.31
4.43
4.56
4.67
4.79
4.90
5.01
5.12
5.22
5.33
5.43
5.53
5.62
5.72
6.18
6.61
7.39
8.08

112
213
260
301
336
368
398
425
451
475
498
521
542
563
582
602
620
638
656
672
689
705
720
736
751
767
780
795
809
824
890
950
1063
1163

316

14

38

12

58

34

78

53.1
65.0
75.1
84.0
92.0
99.5
106.
113.
119.
125.
130.
136.
141.
146.
150.
155.
160.
164.
168.
172.
176.
180.
184.
188.
192.
195.
199.
202.
206.
222.
238.
266.
291.

72.4
88.5
102.
114.
125.
135.
145.
153.
162.
169.
177.
184.
191.
198.
205.
211.
217.
223.
229.
234
240
245.
251.
256.
261.
266.
271.
275.
280.
302.
323.
362.
396.

3.32
4.06
4.69
5.25
5.75
6.21
6.64
7.03
7.41
7.77
8.12
8.45
8.78
9.08
9.39
9.67
9.95
10.2
10.5
10.8
11.0
11.2
11.5
11.7
12.0
12.2
12.4
12.6
12.9
13.9
14.8
16.6
18.2

5.91
7.24
8.35
9.34
10.2
11.1
11.8
12.5
13.2
13.8
14.5
15.1
15.7
16.2
16.7
17.3
17.7
18.2
18.7
19.2
19.6
20.0
20.5
20.9
21.3
21.7
22.1
22.5
22.9
24.7
26.4
29.6
32.4

13.3
16.3
18.8
21.0
23.0
24.8
26.6
28.2
29.7
31.1
32.5
33.8
35.2
36.4
37.6
38.8
39.9
41.0
42.1
43.1
44.1
45.1
46.0
47.0
48.0
48.9
49.8
50.6
51.5
55.6
59.5
66.5
72.8

23.6
28.9
33.4
37.3
40.9
44.2
47.3
50.1
52.8
55.3
57.8
60.2
62.5
64.7
66.8
68.9
70.8
72.8
74.7
76.5
78.4
80.1
81.8
83.5
85.2
86.7
88.4
89.9
91.5
98.8
106.
118.
129.

36.9
45.2
52.2
58.3
63.9
69.0
73.8
78.2
82.5
86.4
90.4
94.0
97.7
101.
104.
108.
111.
114.
117.
120.
122.
125.
128.
130.
133.
136.
138.
140.
143.
154.
165.
185.
202.

134

214

212

234

289
354
409
458
501
541
578
613
647
678
708
737
765
792
818
844
868
892
915
937
960
980
1002
1022
1043
1063
1082
1100
1120
1210
1294
1447
1582

378
463
535
598
655
708
756
801
845
886
926
964
1001
1037
1070
1103
1136
1168
1196
1226
1255
1282
1310
1338
1365
1390
1415
1440
1466
1582
1691
1891
2070

479
585
676
756
828
895
957
1015
1070
1121
1172
1220
1267
1310
1354
1395
1436
1476
1512
1550
1588
1621
1659
1690
1726
1759
1790
1820
1853
2000
2140
2392
2615

591
723
835
934
1023
1106
1182
1252
1320
1385
1447
1506
1565
1619
1672
1723
1773
1824
1870
1916
1961
2005
2050
2090
2132
2173
2212
2250
2290
2473
2645
2955
3235

714
874
1009
1128
1236
1335
1428
1512
1595
1671
1748
1819
1888
1955
2020
2080
2140
2200
2255
2312
2366
2420
2470
2520
2575
2620
2670
2715
2760
2985
3190
3570
3900

851
1041
1203
1345
1473
1591
1701
1802
1900
1991
2085
2165
2250
2330
2405
2480
2550
2625
2690
2755
2820
2885
2945
3005
3070
3125
3180
3235
3295
3560
3800
4250
4650

312
1158
1418
1638
1830
2005
2168
2315
2455
2590
2710
2835
2950
3065
3170
3280
3375
3475
3570
3660
3750
3840
3930
4015
4090
4175
4250
4330
4410
4485
4840
5175
5795
6330

118

114

138

94.5
116.
134.
149
164.
177.
189.
200.
211.
221.
231.
241.
250.
259.
267.
276.
284.
292.
299.
306.
314.
320.
327.
334.
341.
347.
354
360
366.
395.
423
473.
517.

120
147
169
189
207
224
239
253
267
280
293
305
317
327
338
349
359
369
378
388
397
406
414
423
432
439
448
455
463
500
535
598
655

148
181
209
234
256
277
296
313
330
346
362
376
391
404
418
431
443
456
467
479
490
501
512
522
533
543
553
562
572
618
660
739
808

179
219
253
283
309
334
357
379
339
418
438
455
473
489
505
521
536
551
565
579
593
606
619
632
645
656
668
680
692
747
799
894
977

412

512

1510
1850
2135
2385
2615
2825
3020
3200
3375
3540
3700
3850
4000
4135
4270
4440
4530
4655
4775
4655
5010
5120
5225
5340
5450
5550
5650
5740
5850
6310
6750
7550
8260

1915
2345
2710
3025
3315
3580
3830
4055
4275
4480
4685
4875
5060
5240
5410
5575
5740
5900
6050
5900
6350
6490
6630
6760
6900
7030
7160
7280
7410
8000
8550
9570
10480

2365
2890
3340
3730
4090
4415
4725
5000
5280
5530
5790
6020
6250
6475
6690
6890
7090
7290
7470
7290
7840
8010
8180
8350
8530
8680
8850
8990
9150
9890
10580
11820
12940

2855
3490
4040
4510
4940
5340
5280
6050
6380
6690
6980
7270
7560
7820
8080
8320
8560
8800
9030
8800
9470
9680
9900
10100
10300
10490
10690
10880
11070
11940
12770
14290
15620

3405
4165
4810
5380
5895
6370
6380
7210
7600
7970
8330
8670
9000
9320
9630
9920
10210
10500
10770
10500
11300
11500
11800
12030
12290
12510
12730
12960
13200
14250
15220
17020
18610

NOTE: The actual quantities will vary from these figures, the amount of variation depending upon the shape of nozzle and size of pipe at the point where the
pressure is determined. With smooth taper nozzles the actual discharge is about 94% of the figures given in the tables.

Fig. 5

TECH-B

TECH-C-5 Properties of Water at Various Temperatures

from 32 to 705.4F
Temp. F

Temp. C

32
40
45
50
55

0
4.4
7.2
10.0
12.8

SPECIFIC
GRAVITY
60 F
Reference
1.002
1.001
1.001
1.001
1.000

60
65
70
75
80

15.6
18.3
21.1
23.9
26.7

85
90
95
100
110

Wt. in
Lb/Cu Ft

Vapor Pressure
Psi Abs

62.42
62.42
62.40
62.38
62.36

0.0885
0.1217
0.1471
0.1781
0.2141

Vapor Pressure*
Feet Abs.
(At Temp.)
0.204
0.281
0.340
0.411
0.494

1.000
.999
.999
.998
.998

62.34
62.31
62.27
62.24
62.19

0.2653
0.3056
0.3631
0.4298
0.5069

0.591
0.706
0.839
0.994
1.172

29.4
32.2
35.0
37.8
43.3

.997
.996
.995
.994
.992

62.16
62.11
62.06
62.00
61.84

0.5959
0.9682
0.8153
0.9492
1.275

1.379
1.167
1.890
2.203
2.965

120
130
140
150
160

48.9
54.4
60.0
65.5
71.1

.990
.987
.985
.982
.979

61.73
61.54
61.39
61.20
61.01

1.692
2.223
2.889
3.718
4.741

3.943
5.196
6.766
8.735
11.172

170
180
190
200
212

76.7
82.2
87.7
93.3
100.0

.975
.972
.968
.966
.959

60.79
60.57
60.35
60.13
59.81

5.992
7.510
9.339
11.526
14.696

14.178
17.825
22.257
27.584
35.353

220
240
260
280
300

104.4
115.6
126.7
137.8
148.9

.956
.948
.939
.929
.919

59.63
59.10
58.51
58.00
57.31

17.186
24.97
35.43
49.20
67.01

41.343
60.77
87.05
122.18
168.22

320
340
360
380
400

160.0
171.1
182.2
193.3
204.4

.909
.898
.886
.874
.860

56.66
55.96
55.22
54.47
53.65

89.66
118.01
153.04
195.77
247.31

227.55
303.17
398.49
516.75
663.42

420
440
460
480

215.6
226.7
237.8
248.9

.847
.833
.818
.802

52.80
51.92
51.02
50.00

308.83
381.59
466.9
566.1

841.17
1056.8
1317.8
1628.4

500
520
540
560

260.0
271.1
282.2
293.3

.786
.766
.747
.727

49.02
47.85
46.51
45.3

680.8
812.4
962.5
1133.1

1998.2
2446.7
2972.5
3595.7

580
600
620
640

304.4
315.6
326.7
337.8

.704
.679
.650
.618

43.9
42.3
40.5
38.5

1325.8
1524.9
1786.6
2059.7

4345.
5242.
6341.
7689.

660
680
700
705.4

348.9
360.0
371.1
374.1

.577
.526
.435
.319

36.0
32.8
27.1
19.9

2365.4
2708.1
3039.7
3206.2

9458.
11878.
16407.
23187.

* Vapor pressure in feet of wate (Abs.) Converted from PSIA using sp. gr. at temperature.

TECH-C

TECH-C-6 Atmospheric Pressure, Barometer Reading and Boiling

Point of Water at Various Altitudes
Altitude
Feet
1000
500
0

500
I

I 1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
5500
6000
6500
7000
7500
8000
8500
9000
9500
10000
15000

Barometric Reading

Atmos. Pressure

Meters

In. Hg.

Mm. Hg.

psia

Ft. Water

Boiling Pt.
Of Water
F

304.8
152.4
0.0
152.4
304.8
457.2
609.6
762.0
914.4
1066.8
1219.2
1371.6
1524.0
1676.4
1828.8
1981.2
2133.6
2286.0
2438.4
2590.8
2743.2
2895.6
3048.0
4572.0

31.0
30.5
29.9
29.4
28.9
28.3
27.8
27.3
26.8
26.3
25.8
25.4
24.9
24.4
24.0
23.5
23.1
22.7
22.2
21.8
21.4
21.0
20.6
16.9

788
775
760
747
734
719
706
694
681
668
655
645
633
620
610
597
587
577
564
554
544
533
523
429

15.2
15.0
14.7
14.4
14.2
13.9
13.7
13.4
13.2
12.9
12.7
12.4
12.2
12.0
11.8
11.5
11.3
11.1
10.9
10.7
10.5
10.3
10.1
8.3

35.2
34.6
33.9
33.3
32.8
32.1
31.5
31.0
30.4
29.8
29.2
28.8
28.2
27.6
27.2
26.7
26.2
25.7
25.2
24.7
24.3
23.8
23.4
19.2

213.8
212.9
212.0
211.1
210.2
209.3
208.4
207.4
206.5
205.6
204.7
203.8
202.9
201.9
201.0
200.1
199.2
198.3
197.4
196.5
195.5
194.6
193.7
184.0

TECH-C

Vertical Turbine Pumps

Engineering Data
Effective Jun 1, 2005
Minimum Submergence Required for Vortex Suppression

NOTES: 1. Submergence values above are for vortex free operation. Check performance curves for NPSH required.
Submergence to satisfy NPSH requirement may be greater than S.
2. Minimum submergence is based on 2 times the bell distance between pump centerlines and other ideal flow
conditions. Refer to latest H. I. Standard on Intake Design or refer to factory for more information
regarding your particular installation, as less than ideal conditions will require additional submergence.