Está en la página 1de 21
 
¹Oksimkhkg, pgtrkgr`gcksoi y ricls dl mëhlri lh Cg Tklrrg Oldkg9
Cgs ijrgs dl cis mrghdls mlhkis skloprl vgh g`iopg÷gdgs dl vgcirg`kihls y  prlfuk`kis qul, `ih arl`ulh`kg, sl rlpktlh `ioi l`is skh slhtkdi g ci cgrmi dl tklopi, cclmghdi g slr `ihskdlrgdis vlrdgdls kh`ulstkihgjcls pir tidis. Lc pripki Ticeklh sl sirprlhdïg dl gcmuhgs dl cgs `rïtk`gs qul rl`kjïg, qul gtrkjuïg g cg kh`ioprlhskðh, l kh`cusi g cg agctg dl cl`turg dl cg ijrg
7
. Dl lhtrl lstis gxkiogs, lc qul pgrtk`ucgrolhtl ol pgrl`l oçs khfusti y dls`gjlccgdi ls cg g`usg`kðh dl oksimkhkg y pgtrkgr`gcksoi
:
, lspl`kgcolhtl gc `iopgrgrci `ih itrgs ijrgs dlc oksoi mëhlri dl cg g`tugckdgd
0
. Cg cktlrgturg aghtçstk`g y dl `klh`kg ak``kðh lh mlhlrgc, bgh skdi durgolhtl `rktk`gdgs pir cis alokhkstgs `ioi @kiaak6 «Ptkcc, tbl ricls tbgt alogcl `bgrg`tlrs pcgyld wlrl lxtrlolcy ckoktld jitb kh s`klh`l ak`tkih ghd kh aghtgsy. Kh s`klh`l ak`tkih, wiolh wlrl wkvls, mkrcarklhds, s`klhtksts‛ dgumbtlrs, ir rlwgrds air blrik` dllds plrairold. Kh aghtgsy, tbly wlrl middlssls, wkt`bls, agkrkls, ir dlvkc-wiolh. Kh hlktblr mlhrl dkd alogcl `bgrg`tlrs bgvl ghy psy`bicimk`gc itblr tbgh tbl stlrlitypls kh wbk`b tbly wlrl `gst.µ
4
 @ih Ticeklh, Ogrkih Vkoolr Jrgdcly ls lspl`kgcolhtl durg6 «Ticeklh dkd hit  put ghy wiolh kh bks jiies lx`lpt tbl oitblrcy lca-qullh Mgcgdrklc ghd tbl gojktkius Ëiwyh wbi bgd ti clgrh hit ti wksb ti jl g blri (tbiumb sbl wgs mkvlh blr `bgh`l gt
7
 «Gcmuhis dl cis qul clylrih lc ckjri, i gc olhis ci rlsl÷grih, ci bgh lh`ihtrgdi gjurrkdi, gjsurdi i dlsprl`kgjcl5 y yi hi tlhmi pir quë qulfgrol, puls pklhsi `gsk ci oksoi g`lr`g dl sus ijrgs, i dl cis tkpis dl ckjris qul lvkdlhtlolhtl prlaklrlh.µ Lh lc prlag`ki dl 7;11 g cg slmuhdg ldk`kðh dl
 Lc Pl÷ir dl cis Ghkccis
y rl`imkdi pir Pbkpply lh PBK^^L[, T.G.6
 Lc `gokhi g cg Tklrrg Oldkg
. Jgr`lcihg6 Okhitguri :>>:6:>.
:
 @\ZZ[, ^.6 «Clss Hiksl ghd oirl Mrllh6 Ticeklh‛s Kdlicimy air Lhmcghdµ lh ZLKHICDP ^. y MIIDEHKMBT M.B. (lds.)6
^ri`lldkhms ia tbl F.Z.Z. Ticeklh @lhtlhgry @ihalrlh`l.
Okctih Elyhls ghd Gctgdlhg6 Tbl Ticeklh Pi`klty ghd Tbl Oytbipilk` Pi`klty 7;;:, 7:=. Pl rl`imlh cgs oçs kopirtghtls `rïtk`gs lh lstl slhtkdi lh DZI\T, O.D.@. (ld.)6
 F.Z.Z. Ticeklh Lh`y`cipldkg. P`bicgrsbkp ghd @rktk`gc  Gsslssolht 
. Hlw [ire6 Ziutcldml :>70, :>:-:>0. 
0
 Hi ls oiolhti hk cumgr pgrg bg`lr uhg rlaclxkðh lh priauhdkdgd dlc tlog plri, pir lflopci, cg sgmg dl Mlirml Z.Z.Ogrtkh,
@gh`kðh dl Bklci y Aulmi
, rlvlcg qul cg gjuhdgh`kg dl plrsihgfls alolhkhis hi tklhl pir quë skmhkak`gr uhg vgcirg`kðh suplrkir dl cgs ouflrls, hk cg pcgsog`kðh dl `ih`lptis dl kmugcdgd dl mëhlri dlc skmci RRK. Ogrtkh dloulstrg uhg bgjkckdgd lxtrgirdkhgrkg pgrg `grg`tlrkzgr dl oghlrg dkalrlhtl g uhg mrgh `ghtkdgd dl g`tghtls dl gojis slxis, sk jklh sus ouflrls `iopgrtlh skloprl lc rgsmi dl cg lstuctk`kg, cg bgjkckdgd dl cclvgr cg dlsmrg`kg g sus gcclmgdis y, mlhlrgcolhtl, `ihslmukr ci `ihtrgrki g ci qul prltlhdlh. Cg bkstirkg dl
@gh`kðh dl bklci y aulmi
 sl sktög lh uh ouhdi ak`tk`ki oldklvgc,  prkh`kpgcolhtl lh uh `ihtkhlhtl ccgogdi ^ihklhtl plri tgojkëh lh uh vgsti `ihtkhlhtl irklhtgc, `ihi`kdi `ioi Lssis. Irkmkhgcolhtl pcghlgdg `ioi uhg trkcimïg, g`tugcolhtl sl lsplrg qul cg slrkl slg uhg blptgcimïg6
 Fulmi dl trihis
 (
 G Mgol ia Tbrihls
, 7;;1),
@biqul dl rlyls
 (
 G @cgsb ia Ekhms
, 7;;2),
Tirolhtg dl lspgdgs
 (
 G Ptiro ia Pwirds
, : vics. :>>>),
Alstïh dl `ulrvis
 (
 G Algst air @riws
, :>><) y
 Dghzg dl drgmihls
 (
 G Dgh`l wktb Drgmihs
, :>77) trgds. pir @rkstkhg Og`ïg y pujck`gdis pir Mkmgolsb (:>>:-:>7:).
4
 @KIAAK, E.6 «Typls ia Alokhkst Aghtgsy ghd P`klh`l Ak`tkihµ lh ]LLDOGH, F.J.6
]iolh ]ircdwgcelrs6 Hlw Dkolhskihs ia P`klh`l Ak`tkih
. Cujji`e6 Tlxgs Tl`b. Lgrtb Oitblrs ir Ogcl Oloirkls, ]kcblco, Clo, ghd Auturl ]iolh 7;2<, 24.
 
 jgttcl, tbghe miidhlss!)µ
<
 [ Ptkopsih `ihskdlrg qul sus plrsihgfls alolhkhis sih «bg`ehlyld…stlrlitypls…lktblr jlgutkauc ghd dkstght, skopcy dkstght, ir skopcy skopclµ
1
. Cg g`usg`kðh pgrtl prkh`kpgcolhtl dlc bl`bi dl qul cg ogyirïg dl plrsihgfls sih sictlris i buëraghis l kh`cusi uh puljci lhtlri, cis lhts, `ulhtgh qul bgh plrdkdi g sus ouflrls. Ci `klrti ls qul lstl rgsmi jklh pidrïg rlspihdlr g uhg `ulstkðh jkimrçak`g, oçs qul g uh khtlhti dlckjlrgdi dl okhkokzgr cg prlslh`kg alolhkhg lh su ijrg. F.Z.Z. Ticeklh y su blroghi Bkcgry sl quldgrih buëraghis g ouy tloprghg ldgd y quldgrih g `grmi dl uh sg`lrditl, qul tlrokhð sklhdi cg akmurg oçs kopirtghtl lh su vkdg
=
. Tuvi trls bkfis y sici uhg bkfg y cg kholhsg ogyirïg dl sus `iclmgs y gcuohis lrgh biojrls. Lh su gojklhtl prldiokhgjgh cgs akmurgs ogs`uckhgs
2
 y tgojkëh gsï lh sus prkh`kpgcls khaculh`kgs cktlrgrkgs6 lh cg ëpk`g, cg ogtlrkg grtörk`g i cis ckjris dl `gjgcclrïgs, cgs bkstirkgs sl `lhtrgh oçs lh cg gvlhturg dl cis bërils qul lh su rlcg`kðh `ih cgs dgogs. Clylhdi cg ijrg dl Ticeklh, kh`cukdgs sus `grtgs
;
, quldg `cgri qul lrg uh biojrl dl vgcirls trgdk`kihgcls, ci `ugc hi quklrl dl`kr qul aulrg oksðmkhi, skhi skopclolhtl uh biojrl pridu`ti dl su tklopi. Jlhvlhuti bg`l uh ogmhïak`i rlsuolh dl cg oghkaklstg `ihtrgdk``kðh lhtrl cgs ipkhkihls sijrl cgs ouflrls `ihslrvgdgs lh cgs `grtgs pujck`gdgs, ouy khacukdgs pir cg ldu`g`kðh vk`tirkghg dl cg ëpi`g, y su `iopirtgoklhti `ih cgs aëokhgs `ih cgs qul tuvi rlcg`kðh6 su lspisg `ih cg qul pritgmihkzð uhg bkstirkg dl goir qul cl skrvkð dl khspkrg`kðh cktlrgrkg, su bkfg ^rks`kcg, sus gcuohgs y, g plsgr dl ci lxprlsgdi lh cgs `grtgs sijrl hi `rllr lh cg gokstgd lhtrl biojrls y ouflrls, sus gokmgs `ioi Pkoihl d‛Grdlhhl, cg prialsirg Blclh O`Okccgh Ju`eburst, Lcgkhl Mrkaktbs, Ptlccg Okccs, Ogry Pgcu y su sl`rltgrkg Fiy Bkcc
. G ok fuk`ki, cis `rïtk`is sl bgh jgsgdi lh lstgs `grtgs, rl`irdlois qul slcl``kihgdgs y rlti`gdgs pir itris trgs su oulrtl, pgrg jgsgr sus tlirïgs dl oksimkhkg y
<
 VKOOLZ JZGDCL[, O.6 «Zlspihskjkcktkls ghd Tloptgtkihs ia ]iolh P`klh`l Ak`tkih ]rktlrsµ lh ]LLDOGH
 ]iolh ip. `kt.,
02.
1
 DZI\T
ip.`kt.,
 =7:. Cgurg Ok`blc rl`iml itrgs `rïtk`gs lh cg oksog cïhlg, lh OK@BLC, C.6 «^icktk`gccy Kh`irrl`t6 Ticeklh, ]iogh ghd Alokhksoµ lh A. ]LKHZLK@B & T. BIHLMMLZ6
Ticeklh ghd Oidlrhkty
. Pukzg6 ]gcekhm Trll ^ujcksblrs :>>1, 1<-1=.
=
 Cg jkimrgaïg dl Argh`ks Oirmgh bg skdi pujck`gdg pir ALZZÇHDLV JZ\, F.O.6
 Cg @ihlxkðh  Lspg÷icg dl F.Z.Z. Ticeklh. Lc –tïi @urri‟
. Gstirmg6 @PLD :>70.
2
 @GZ^LHTLZ, B.6
 F.Z.Z. Ticeklh. \hg Jkimrgaïg.
 Jgr`lcihg6 Okhitguri :>>:. 
;
 @GZ^LHTLZ, B.6
Tbl Clttlrs ia F.Z.Z. Ticeklh.
\.P.G.6 Biumbtih Okaackh @iopghy :>>>.
7>
 JLHQLH\TI, O.Z.6 «Gmgkhst Ptlrlitypl6 Ëiwyh ghd Cötbklh gs :>tb @lhtury ]iolhµ, lh A. ]LKHZLK@B & T. BIHLMMLZ6
Ticeklh ghd Oidlrhkty.
 Pukzg6 ]gcekhm Trll ^ujcksblrs :>>1, 00-0<.
 
agctg dl `ioprlhskðh, oçs qul lh gspl`tis dl sus hgrrg`kihls
.
[ rl`irdlois qul cg ijrg dl Ticeklh rlquklrl uh lsaulrzi pir pgrtl dlc cl`tir, qul dljl cllr lhtrl cïhlgs i akfgrsl lh plqul÷is dltgccls qul lhrkqul`lh y dgh priauhdkdgd gc grmuolhti
. Guhqul hi dljlois lsplrgr tgopi`i vlr lh lc pgdrl dl cg aghtgsïg oidlrhg uh okcktghtl alokhkstg, prijgjclolhtl slg, dl lhtrl cis gutirls dlc mëhlri, lc qul bg trgtgdi g sus blriïhgs `ih ogyir rlsplti y `ihskdlrg`kðh. @ioi sl÷gcg O`Hlw6 «Tbrll tbkhms grl `clgr6 bl wgs agr ario jlkhm g oksimyhkst, tbl alogcl `bgrg`tlrs kh bks ogstlrpkl`l
`iccl`tkvlcy
rlprlslhts gcc tbgt‛s mrlgt tbgt jlkhm g wiogh, ghd clss rlprlslhtgtkih dils hit lqugc clss kopirtgh`l.µ
 Lh
 Lc Pl÷ir dl cis Ghkccis
y
 Lc Pkcogrkcckih
, tidgs cgs qul gpgrl`lh ci bg`lh `ih uhg mrgh kopirtgh`kg pgrg lc dlsgrricci dl cg trgog, `ioi vlrlois lh dltgccl g `ihtkhug`kðh. Gcmuhgs kh`cusi supihlh uhg rlprlslhtg`kðh plral`tg dl grqultkpis `ihsgmrgdis lh cg cktlrgturg grtörk`g y `gjgcclrls`g, guhqul ou`bi oçs dlsgrriccgdis y rk`is lh ogtk`ls6 Grwlh `ioi cg dgog, Mgcgdrklc `ioi ogmg jlhëak`g y Ëiwyh `ioi dih`lccg mulrrlrg. ^ir g÷gdkdurg, cg ghtgmihkstg alolhkhg, ogmg dkgjðck`g i mkmghtls`g,  plrsihgfl rl`urrlhtl dl cgs `gjgcclrïgs, cg okticimïg `cçsk`g i kh`cusi cis `ulhtis dl bgdgs, hi gpgrl`l. Tidgs cgs ouflrls vgh g lstgr skloprl vkh`ucgdgs gc jghdi dlc Jklh, `ih cg  piskjcl lx`lp`kðh dl `ihskdlrgr g Lccg-Cgrg÷g `ioi plrsihgfl y hi `ioi oihstrui
. Pk jklh `klrtis `rïtk`is alokhkstgs utkckzgh tgojkëh lsti `ioi grmuolhti lh `ihtrg. @ihskdlrgh qul cg agctg dl rlprlslhtg`kðh dl ogcdgd alolhkhg slrïg uhg pruljg oçs dl cg
77
 ^ir lflopci, Ticeklh gprijð cg gdgptg`kðh tlgtrgc dl ^gtrk`kg Mrgy dl
 Lc Bijjkt
lh 7;12 dihdl lh cumgr dlc rly dl cis lcais, bgy uhg rlkhg. OK@BLC
ip.`kt.,
 17.
7:
 \h lflopci dl lstg rkqulzg dl ogtk`ls hi rlcg`kihgdi `ih lc trgtgoklhti dl cis plrsihgfls alolhkhis slrïg cgs rlalrlh`kgs gc aulmi lh cgs dls`rkp`kihls dl Mghdgca y sus lstgdis dl çhkoi, lclolhti `ih lc qul tklhl uhg lspl`kgc gakhkdgd gdloçs dlc Ghkcci Hgryg. Tidg su ijrg lstç pcgmgdg dl lstl tkpi dl dltgccls, arl`ulhtlolhtl khskhugdis oçs qul lxprlsgdis, qul qukzç bgh pgsgdi dlsgplr`kjkdis g sus dltrg`tirls, puldl qul pir cl`turgs rçpkdgs i khtlrlsgdgs.
70
 O`HL] @.C.6 «Olh grl ario Mihdir, ]iolh grl ario Citbcirklhµ lh
Tbl ^lipcl‛s Mukdl ti  F.Z.Z. Ticeklh
(Tbl IhlZkhm.hlt lds.). @icd Pprkhm Bgrjir6 @icd Pprkhm ^rlss :>>0, 77<.
74
 @ioi jklh sl÷gcg Cgurg Ok`blc6 «Pblcij ks alogcl air jkicimk`gc rlgsihsµ lh OK@BLC
 ip.`kt.,
 1=. Cg khtlrprltg`kðh arludkghg dlc lharlhtgoklhti lhtrl Pgo y Lccg-Cgrg÷g dkaï`kcolhtl puldl slr tiogdg lh slrki, lh ^GZTZKDML, J.6 «Hi Plx ^clgsl ‐ ]l´rl Bijjkts6 Tbl @ihstru`tkih ia alogcl Plxugckty kh
Tbl Cird ia tbl Zkhms
µ lh MKDDKHMP, Z.6
 F.Z.Z. Ticeklh6 Tbks Agr Cghd.
Cihdih6 Qkskih & Jgrhls &Hijcl 7;24, 7;7. [ cg lxpck`g`kðh dl qul g Ticeklh cl dlsgmrgdgjgh cgs grg÷gs, dgdg cg `ghtkdgd dl lccgs qul gpgrl`lh lh su ijrg, plsl g ci dk`bi lh cg `grtg 710 g ].B. Gudlh (@GZ^LHTLZ
 Clttlrs ip. `kt.,
:7=), ol pgrl`l oçs `ihvkh`lhtl qul cg dl vlr g lstl oihstrui `ioi «gh lxprlskih ia bistkckty ti tbl alolhkhlµ, lh PTKO^PIH, @.6
 F.Z.Z. Ticeklh
. Hlw [ire6 @icuojkg \hkvlrskty ^rlss 7;1;, 7;. Itris cg `gckak`gh skopclolhtl `ioi cg `grg ipulstg dl Mgcgdrklc, cg kdlgckzg`kðh `ihtrg cg oihstruiskdgd, lh ALH]K@E, O.6 «Jrlgstpcgtls ia Pkce6 Biolrk` ]iolh kh Tbl Cird ia tbl Zkhmsµ lh
 Oytbcirl
27, 7;;1, :0 y
DIHIQGH, C.G.6 «Tbl Qgceyrkl Zl﬊lx kh F.Z.Z. Ticeklh‛s Tbl Cird ia tbl
Zkhms6 Mgcgdrklc, Pblcij, Ëiwyh, ghd Grwlhµ lh @BGH@L, F. (Ld.)6
Ticeklh tbl Oldklvgckst 
. Cihdih ghd Hlw [ire6 Ziutcldml :>>0, 77:-7:7.

Recompense su curiosidad

Todo lo que desea leer.
En cualquier momento. En cualquier lugar. Cualquier dispositivo.
Sin compromisos. Cancele cuando quiera.
576648e32a3d8b82ca71961b7a986505