ta+1etaas 1e Ne1|c|a+ latease K J1 - 0cta|te I11I

!'
Correspondencia: Prof. Dr. Fco. J. GalaLen. E.U. de Ciencias de la Salud (UCA). Duque de Njera, 18. 11002 Cdiz.
Tlf: 956 015 706. e-mail: francisco.gala@uca.es
1
Catedrtico de Ciencias Psicosociales Aplicadas. UCA.
2
Profesora Titular de Enfermera Mdica. UCA.
3
lnvestigador. Doctor del Grupo lnvestigador PAl -386-CTS.
4
Catedrtico de Psicologa Social. UCA.
5
Catedrtico de Psiquiatra. UCA.
6
Catedrtica de Fisiologa. Univ. de Granada.
7
lnvestigador del Grupo de lnvestigacin.
k50Hh
Introdocc|n: |a moerte s|empre ha s|do objeto de proon-
das re|ex|ones ||os|cas, re||g|osas , actoa|mente, c|ent||-
cas, s|n embargo en |as soc|edades post|ndostr|a|es es d||-
c|| aceptar so mera |dea, de modo qoe |as act|todes hac|a
e||a han sor|do ona evo|oc|n desadaptat|va, retroced|endo
de |a mano de| "progreso" de |as act|todes sa|odab|es de|
arontam|ento |a aceptac|n, a |as preb|cas de| s|nv|v|r
por so temor a |as b|cas de so negac|n.
famb|os soc|oco|tora|es: podemos d|erenc|ar en 0cc|dente
dos momentos en |a v|venc|a de |a moerte: ono prev|o a so
Inst|toc|ona||zac|n hosp|ta|ar|a, en e| qoe es aceptada como
parte natora| de |a ex|stenc|a otro, desde qoe e| hosp|ta|
pasa a ser |a Inst|toc|n reservada para mor|r, tradoc|ndo-
se en on camb|o rad|ca| en |a consc|enc|a e |normac|n
sobre |a prop|a moerte.
Act|todes de| Fersona| 5an|tar|o: estos camb|os tamb|n
han a|canzado a| F5. generando|e mochas veces act|to-
des d|stors|onadas ta|es como no qoerer nombrar a |a
moerte o a |as pato|og|as "qoe |as atraen", no m|rar cara
a cara a| enermo term|na|, |ncongroenc|as d|sonanc|as
entre |a fomon|cac|n Verba| |a ho Verba| aomento
de |a atenc|n tecno|g|ca en detr|mento de |a empat|co-
aect|va, con e| r|esgo de| encarn|zam|ento terapot|co,
empeorandose |as cond|c|ones de |a moerte.
fonc|os|n: e| Harco 5an|tar|o prec|sa de componendas t|-
cas estt|cas para arontar |ntegra|mente e| proceso de
mor|r, dotandose de med|os, conoc|m|entos act|todes ade-
coadas para atender |as neces|dades b|ops|cosoc|a|es de|
mor|bondo con e| objet|vo de mor|r con d|gn|dad.
Fa|abras c|ave: Act|todes hac|a |a moerte, vo|oc|n de |as
Act|todes hac|a |a moerte, Fersona| 5an|tar|o Act|todes
hac|a |a moerte, Harco hosp|ta|ar|o moerte.
A85tkAft
lotoooct|oo: Loat| |as a|ays booo t|o ob,oct o| ooo
|||oso||ca|, o|||oos, aoo cooot|y sc|oot|||c o||oct|oos:
|oovo |o ost-|ooost|a| soc|ot|os |t |s o||||co|t to accot t|o
voy |ooa o| |t, so t|at att|tooos to ooat| |avo ooooooo
oa|aoat|vo ovo|ot|oo, oa|o bac| |o t|o oaoo o|
ooss |oo t|o |oa|t|y att|tooos o| coo|ootat|oo aoo
accotaoco, to t|o o-|ob|c att|tooo o| ||v|o |o coostaot
oy |o |oa o| ooat|, aoo t|o |ob|c att|tooo o| |ts ooo|a|.
Soc|o-co|toa| c|aoos: lo t|o \ost o cao o|||ooot|ato
to o|oos |o t|o oxo|ooco o| oy|o: ooo |o to
|ost|tot|ooa||zat|oo |o |os|ta| |oo |t |s accotoo as a
oatoa| at o| ox|stooco aoo t|o ot|o, |oo |oo t|o
|os|ta| bocooos t|o |ost|tot|oo osovoo |o oy|o,
b|o|o aboot a ao|ca| c|aoo |o t|o coosc|oosooss o| aoo
|o|ooat|oo oo ooos oo ooat|.
/tt|tooos o| ooo|ca| osoooo|: T|oso c|aoos |avo a|so
oac|oo ooo|ca| osoooo|, |ooooot|y oooat|o
o|stotoo att|tooos soc| as oot aot|o to oaoo ooat| o
t|o at|o|o|os |oao|o to |t, oot ooa||o |aco-to-|aco |t|
t|o too|oa| at|oot, |ocooo|t|os aoo o|scoo botooo
voba| aoo ooo-voba| cooooo|cat|oo aoo ao |ocoaso |o
toc|oo|o|ca| attoot|oo |o oot|ooot o| a||oct|vo ooat|y ,
|t| t|o |s| o| t|oaoot|c coo|ty, osoo|o t|o
cooo|t|oos o| ooat|.
Cooc|os|oo: T|o ooo|ca| |aooo| oooos ot||ca| aoo
aost|ot|c aaooooots to |otoa||y |aco t|o ocoss o|
oy|o, oooo|o |t |t| aooooato ooaos, |oo|ooo aoo
att|tooos to attooo t|o b|osyc|osoc|a| oooos o| t|o oy|o,
|t| t|o ob,oct o| oy|o |t| o|o|ty.
ke words: Att|todes toward death, the evo|ot|on o
att|todes toward death, Att|todes o med|ca| personne|
toward death, hosp|ta| ramework and death.
Act|tudes ps|co|og|cas ante |a muerte y e|
due|o. Una rev|s|on conceptua|.
Psycho|og|ca| att|tudes toward death and bereavement.
One conceptua| rev|ew.
l.|. Ga|a Leon

, M. Lup|an| ||menez

, k. kaja Hernndez
!
, C. Gu|||en Gestoso
"
,
|.M. Gonz|ez lntante
#
, M. C. v|||averde Gut|errez
$
y l. A|ba Snchez.
%
Fecha de recepcin: 26.NOV.02 Fecha de aceptacin: 10.FEB.03
"El temor a la muerte es peor que la muerte misma"
PUBLIO CYRO ("Sentencias")
I.- Ihtk000ffI0h:
|a oooto |a s|oo s|ooo, y os, aa o| |oobo, oo tooa oo o|oooas o||ox|ooos y
ooo|tac|ooos, taoto oosoo |a osoct|va |||oso||ca y o|||osa a, |a oas actoa|, c|oot|||ca... s|o ooba-
o oo |as soc|ooaoos |ooost|a|os avaozaoas caoa voz os oas o|||c|| o| coov|v| o o| acota |a ooa
|ooa oo |a oooto +j: cooo voooos, o| coocoto y |as act|tooos |ac|a |a oooto |ao voo|oo so||oo-
oo ooa ovo|oc|oo oo |os o|t|oos s||os y, sobo tooo, oo |as o|t|oas oocaoas oo oooo ooo so o|soo
osocto sooaot|co so |a v|sto |a|soaoo y a||ooaoo oo |ooa oooct|va 2j.
/s| |as cosas, |asta ooa oo|ooooao ooo soa coooooooto coos|ooaoa cooo s|ooo|oo oo
oooto |ay ooo oco|ta|a y ooa|a, oco|oooo a| ooao 3j, oo |a coo||c|oao -|oc|oso- oo ooo a |os
oo|boooos os oo,o a|oa|os |a oot|c|a oo ooo so ostao oo|oooo, ||oaooo a coocob|so |a boooa
oooto cooo ooa M|||T| |||||Tl|/, oo,o aoo s| ostaoos |ocoosc|ootos o ooo|oooo +j.
Tooo o||o so |a |oo |aoaooo a |a oa oo |a ovo|oc|oo |ooost|a| y sos ost|oo|as,
oo ooa ovo|oc|oo -cooo voooos- cootao|cto|a y oo |aoco ||T|C||CC||SC ooo o||a
|ao||o 5j ooo |a a|caozaoo tooos |os to,|oos soc|a|os, v|v|oooo oo |a actoa||oao oo ooa soc|o-
oao T/|/TC|C3lC/, oo |a ooo, aaoo,|caoooto, |asta |os |o|os|ooa|os Sao|ta|os, osos oo
so o|o ootooo co|toa|, t|oooo taob|oo o|ooo a |a oooto 6j a vocos oas ooo |os o|os
oo|ooos.
Coo tooo o||o so|o so |a coosoo|oo y so coos|oo ooa booa |aotas|a oo ooac|oo cooo
oo o| caso oo| o|o ooooo ooo, ,oaooo a| oscooo|to, so taa tao so|o |a caa y cooo o| oo vo a
|os oooas |oosa -oo oo ocoso oo oosao|ooto oa|co-ao|o|sta- ooo |os oooas oo |o voo a o|)...
y os ooo, oos osto o oo, |/ M|||T| |S, L| TCL/S |/S C||T|Z/S, |/ M/S /3SC||T/. Coo
osto |otooto oo oco|tac|oo y oo ooac|oo oos oobot|oos oo oso otoocoso ovo|ot|vo otoo-
oso) ooo oos aboca a ostao|os oooos oaooos o |o|o|oos oo| ocoso ovo|ot|vo oo |as act|tooos
|ac|a |a oooto, oosto ooo cooo oos ox||ca /aoooo j, oo |as act|tooos |ac|a |a oooto |ab|-
ao oos ostao|os aotaoo|cos: |/ T/|/TC|C3l/ coo o| tooo y |a ooac|oo oo |a oooto) y |a
T/|/TC|l|l/ coo o| oosoo oo|oo|zo oo oo|), ,ooto a oos o|vo|os |otoooo|os: ooo ooo a|oo-
ta |a oa||oao oo |a oooto oo |ooa ac|ooa| y ,o|c|osa, s|o |oco| oo ooac|ooos absooas ooo so|a
|a oc|oo oas sa|ooab|o) y ota ooo |ocoo o oootoos o|ob|cos oo vooaooa aoost|a |ac|a
|a oooto, ov|taooo |oc|oso so ooa ovocac|oo, |o coa| oo o| |oooo os oo vooaooo s|ov|v|, oosto
ooo ya oo os |a oooto s|oo |a o|a coosc|ooc|a oo |a oooto |o ooo coost|toyo oo ob|ooa oo
oo|ooooso o|a ya caa a caa a |a oooto a |a oooto |oa| ooo a| so|, oo so |a oooo o|a oo
|ooto oas a||a oo ooos sooooos oos ooc|a Lo |a |oc|o|oocao|o 8j o|v|oaooo ooo osta os ooa
ato oatoa| oo |a v|oa 9j, oosto ooo cooo oos oo,o o|c|o Ca|os Caoo +Oj oo |ay oaoa ooo
acoooo oas a |a v|oa, ooo oza |as a|as ooas oo |a oooto.
/s| |ooos otocoo|oo, a| soca|o oo| ooso, oo act|tooos oas sa|ooab|os a |as act|to-
oos o|ob|cas oo| s|ov|v| o tooo a |a oooto y a |a |ob|ca oo so ooac|oo ++j.
2.- fAH8I05 50fI0f0lt0kAl5:
|as act|tooos |ac|a |a oooto -a| oooos oo Ccc|oooto- |ao soo|oo oo oovoo| oco|oso
y caob|aoto aa oo ,ooso y oocooootaoo acocao|ooto a| tooa ocoooooaoos o| aas|ooaoto
y |ooso taba,o oo |||||o /|os, || |oobo aoto |a oooto +2j as| cooo tooos |os oo| o|soo
aoto sobo o| o|soo tooa). /s| oo Ccc|oooto ooooos o||oooc|a oos oooootos b|oo o|st|otos
|ct|ta1es s|ca||c+s +ate |+ aaette e| 1ae|a. la+ te|s|a caaceta+|.
ta+1etaas 1e Ne1|c|a+ latease K J1 - 0cta|te I11I "
|ct|ta1es s|ca||c+s +ate |+ aaette e| 1ae|a. la+ te|s|a caaceta+|.
oo |a |ooa oo v|vooc|a oo |a oooto: ooo ov|o a so l|STlT|ClC|/|lZ/ClC| |os|ta|a|a), oo
o| ooo |a oooto oo |o|oooo o|ooo oooo osta os acotaoa cooo ato oo| ocoso oatoa| oo |a
ox|stooc|a +3j y oto, a at| oo +93O, oas o oooos, coaooo oob|oo a| oosao||o y oxtoos|oo oo
|as |ooas ostoctoas |os|ta|a|as coo|ooza a so ooa |ost|toc|oo, || HCS|lT/|, o| |oa oso-
vaoo aa oo|. ++j.
|ooooos ooootaoos a |a Coc|a c|as|ca, a| ooooo ooaoo, a|ooc|st|aoo y a |a |oao
Moo|a y voooos cooo o| |ooooooo oo |a oooto os oc|b|oo cooo a|o |o|co, asoo|b|o, to|o-
ab|o y oo oososoaozaoo +5j. Cooo oos ocoooa /otoo|o Ca|a, oo |a tao oa| ||aoaoa Cscoa
|oao Moo|a |os |oobos v|v|ao y oo|ao oo vooao, coo |os o,os ab|otos... / |a voz so osc|b|ao
||bos oo| 3ooo /oo y ||bos oo| 3ooo Mo| +6j, o,oo|os c|aos soo o| /c|osto oo H|ta y o|
o|soo oo Mao|ooo. |o so|o o| oo|boooo oa cooocooo oo| ocoso oo so oooto, s|oo tooos
sos |ao|||aos o |oc|oso o| oob|o: so oooto acootoc|a oo osooc|a oo tooos, y os ooo aa o| |oo-
bo ooo|ova| |a oooto oa oo acto so|oooo y ob||co, oo o| ooo o| oo|boooo oa o| otaoo|sta,
y oo o| ooo o| |oobo oo|a oooosta o| vooaooo va|o oo so v|oa oo ooa oaooa s|ocoa y s|o
oascaas +j cooo ooc|a |otaca, |o bo| oo| totta ooa v|ta oooa).
|oo oo |os |oc|a|os caob|os so |a oaoo oc|saoooto oo |a coosc|ooc|a o |o|ooac|oo
sobo |a o|a oooto. /otao, |asta |aco ooas oocaoas o| oo|ooo oa o| |ooo oo sabo ooo |ba
a oo| s|ot|oooo ooo so ||oa| so acocaba...). Hoy |a too|ca |ooaoto os o| oco|ta|o |a avooao oo
so oo|ooooao y oo |ab|a|o oo |a oooto o| o asooo. oo |o,os oos ooooa |a v|o,a ,aco|ato|a /
sob|taooa ot |oov|sa ooto ||boa oos Loo|oo y os ooo |a boooa oooto aooo||a oo |a ooo |ab|ao
|os ||bos oo| 3ooo oo|) coos|st|a oo ooo, s| o| aoo|zaoto oo aovot|a |a ||oaoa oo sos o|t|oos
oooootos, osoaba ooo |os oooas so |o aov|t|oao aa ooo oaa tooos sos asootos taoto o-
sooa|os, cooo soc|a|os y o|||osos +8j. Hoy, o o| coota|o, |a |ost|toc|ooa||zac|oo ooo|co |os||ata-
|a oo |a oooto |a |oc|o oo o||a a|o c|aooost|oo, |ov|st|oooo a| oo| oo| oas to|oo aooo|oato.
/s| |asta ooo|aoos oo| s||o |a oooto so||a a|ootaso oo o| ooo|c|||o |ao|||a y osto
|ac|a ooo |asta |os o|os |a v|vooc|aao cooo a|o oooa| oooto oo| ocoso v|ta|. |a ooota oa
v|sta cooo |a ato too|oa| oo |a v|oa, oo cooo a|o aoooazaoo y oxtao +9j.
S|o oobao, oo |as o|t|oas oocaoas |ooos |ovost|oo a |a oooto y a| oo| oo tooos ooos-
tos oas |ocoo|osab|os toooos y |a |ooos oostoaoo, aataooo|a oo ooosta ox|stooc|a, sacaooo-
|a oo ooostas casas, o||o|oaooo|a |oc|oso oo ooosto |oooa,o oo soa ooo |a ata|aoos a| ooo-
ba|a). Lo osto oooo |ooos coooozaoo a a|o,a o |oc|oso a oco|ta |a oooto coostoyoooo
T/|/TC|lCS ooo sost|toyoo |os aot|oos vo|ato|os oo| |oa, s|o oaoos cooota oo ooo |a oooto
|o||ca v|oa y a| so|o| oo too|oo, |aoo|ooco o| oto, cooo oos av|sa |a aotoo|oa Ma|a Cato-
oa 2Oj so oo|at|za |a v|oa y so oco|ta |o ooo |oy cot|||caoos cooo |a Sl||/ZC| C || /3S||-
LC oo |a oooto, o|v|oaooo ooo ooa oo so oooo ootoooo s|o |a ota o| o|v|oo oo |a oooto os
|a oosoc|oo oo |a v|oa o|soa oos aov|oto |oaoooo 2+j).
|o o|octo tooo |o ooo oaco oooo y tooo |o ooo oooo |a oac|oo, oo oooo ooo oacooos
oo|ooos oo oooto cooo so oos ocooaba oo Hao|ot... S|o oobao |oy oo so|o tooooos a |a ooo-
to, s|oo ooo |a oc|azaoos y |a ooaoos 22j. |o osto |toa| oo ooac|oo, oo vooaooa oo|oosa oco-
t|va so |a oxo|saoo a |a oooto oo| |o|zooto oo |o cot|o|aoo coo||oaooo|a a| oo|voso oo |a sobco|toa
|os|ta|a|a, ooto v|o|os, catotoos y batas b|aocas, abocaooo a |as C|ooc|as oo |a Sa|oo -oo |o||z oosc|-
c|oo oo| |o|oso Toao|||os 23j- a o,oco o| ooovo ato osto|| oo a|aa |as aoo|as.
|sto caob|o act|too|oa| |a |oooaoo taob|oo -cooo oo oo|a so oo ota |ooa -|os
osooooas b|oooo|cos, ooo |ao at|c|aoo as| o|soo oo o| |toa|. Cooo ocoo C|oao 2+j, aotos
oo |a c|ooc|a sao|ta|a so oo||o|a |a v|oa cooo o| CC|||TC L| |||ClC||S || |CS /||/S-
ta+1etaas 1e Ne1|c|a+ latease K J1 - 0cta|te I11I
"
T|/| / |/ M|||T|... |oy osta sootooc|a |a s|oo o|ooo|aoa oo |a s|o|ooto o|sa: |/ \lL/ |S ||
CC|||TC L| |||ClC||S || S| ||SlST|| / |/ M|||T|. |o osta sooooa acoc|oo |otoo-
taoos |ooot|caoooto os|st| a |a oooto coo tocoo|o|as y otos|s b|oooo|cas, aooooo so|o |oooos
oaotooo v|vo a oo voota|, |oco|oooo oo o| oas coo| oocao|zao|ooto toaoot|co. |so s|, ox||oooo-
|o oooooooc|a y |ooa soo|s|oo a| |toa| a| o|o oo|boooo coyos oooc|os so osoooo oo 25j:
a) |o sabo ooo va a oo|, y
b) S| |o sabo coootaso cooo s| oo |o so|oso.
|a o|scoc|oo os |a vos|oo oooooa oo |a o|o|oao: |a oooto oobo so s||ooc|osa y oo oobo
coa ob|ooas a |os soov|v|ootos. || |ooa| os oosaaoco oo oot|||as, s|o ooo oao|o |o ooto. |sta
os |a actoa| oo|co oooto oo| |oobo oasa oooooo 26j s|ooo -aaoo,|caoooto- so|o.
Cooo oos o|co /|os 2j: |os |oobos o b|oo |otootao oooso a| ab|o oo |a oooto,
cooo so oooo a| ab|o oo ooa bost|a sa|va,o oo ||botao, o b|oo |o |acoo |ooto, oo ostao ooo-
c|oos oo|caoooto a so |ooza y a so coa,o, oo oo oo|ootao|ooto s||ooc|oso, s|o o| aox|||o oo ooa
soc|ooao ooo |a ooc|o|oo oo ooa voz o tooas, ooo |a oooto oo os so asooto.
2.I.- las c|aves de| camb|o:
|as c|avos oo osto caob|o otoooso) |asta a|oa oosc|to so oo|ao s|otot|za, s|o so
oxa|ost|vos o| oxc|oyootos, oo:
a) ||/ M||C| TC|||/|Cl/ / |/ |||ST|/ClC|: oo oooo ooo ocos aoo|t||ao
|oy |a coococ|oo oo| ooooo o |a v|oa cooo oo va||o oo |a|oas y o| ooc|, coaooo
a|o|oo oooo, ooo aso a oo,o v|oa oo oo,a oo so ooa |aso |oc|a, ooa |oo|a o ooa
ooova bootaoo aa |a oayo|a oo |a ooto. |o osta c|avo so |ob|ca o| aos|a oo cooso-
o|soo y oo coo|ot, |ab|aooosooos oo ostaoo oo| b|ooosta aoo| y a|oa) y aoo|t|oo-
oo, ta| y cooo |aco o| LSM l\ 28j cooo oo |oo|c|o s|coato|o|co oo ooa v|vooc|a o
oo oo ostaoo a|oct|vo so ooa caa oo o|scoo|ot, ooo |ay ooo ov|ta a tooa costa |oc|o-
so oat|oooo aos|o||t|cos oo |os vo|ato|os, oooo sooos |ocaacos oo o|o| so|os y
a o|o o| so||o|ooto, |ot|osocaoooto |ooaoo, oo |a oooto oo oo so ooo|oo)... ooo
|o,os ooooao |as a|abas oo Kaoo||o coaooo oos aovot|a ooo tooo so |ooaoo |a oo
oza sos ozos y so|| sos so||o|ootos 29j.
b) || /|M||TC L| |/ |S|||/|Z/ L| \lL/: |o ooo |a ta|oo o| coo|a|o oo osta-
so|o cot|o|aoo|oao a |a oooto, aoota|aoooso as| |a |ot|oa |aotas|a o cooootoo coo |a
|ooota||oao |ooo ocooaooo a| osooa,o oo To|sto|, lvao l|||c|, 3Oj oos ooc|a ooo
tooos oo o| sobcoosc|ooto sooos |ooota|os): a |o sooo, tao so|o ooooo |os oooas y
ooosta o|a oooto |aa oo |a ||a|s... |sta |aotas|a co|oct|va |a oovoo|oo oo ooa
osoc|o oo oo|||o oo |ooota||oao 3+j ooo |aco |oc|oso aata a |os cooooto|os oo|
ooo|o obaoo, oo |a coo||c|oao oo ooo as| |a oooto oo oos a|caozaa.
c) || C||TC / |/ |\||T|L: v|v|oos oo ooa soc|ooao o||o|ca 32j oo |a ooo |os ooo|os
oo coooo|cac|oo oos boobaooao ooa y ota voz coo o| aao|oa y oooo|o oo ooto a
|o|ta: ,ovooos y oaos oso a ooo ooooa||caoooto |a ob|ac|oo oovo,oco, oo v|o,os,
oo|ooos y obos soo oa|oa|os...aoooa|os). /s| oos to|oos o| o|o, vost|oos cooo
aoo|oscootos coaooo oo oos coootaoos cooo o||os) y oos |acooos ooa y ota ooa-
c|oo y ost|ao|ooto aa aoco ,ovooos... oo osto oaco ocas aoas ooooao aa oosa
oo a|o oo tao oa| osto cooo os |a oooto, y oooos aoo |a o|a.
|ct|ta1es s|ca||c+s +ate |+ aaette e| 1ae|a. la+ te|s|a caaceta+|.
ta+1etaas 1e Ne1|c|a+ latease K J1 - 0cta|te I11I "
|ct|ta1es s|ca||c+s +ate |+ aaette e| 1ae|a. la+ te|s|a caaceta+|.
o) ||/ M||C| MC|T/|lL/L /|/|||T|: oo ooosto ootooo |ooos oostoaoo a |a
oooto: ya oo |ay o|ooo|as oot||oas, oo |ay |aobooas, |a oota||oao |o|aot|| cas| |a
oosaaoc|oo, ya oo so voo oot|oos o oo ooo|o oo |as ca||os oo |a c|ooao, coo so
|toa| aosaoo y a |o, cooo |aco aos. |as osooas oo ooooo oo casa y, oooos aoo,
soo vo|aoas oo o||as... oo |oc|o aa oo |oobo ooo|o oso|ta o|||c|| coo o| oato oo
ooo a| o|a ooooo oo o| ooooo ooas 5OO.OOO osooas...cooooo. so o|a).
o) M||CS T|/SC||L||T/|lL/L ` |S|l|lT|/|lL/L || || HCM3|| M|LlC:
oo ooa ooca oo c|s|s oo va|oos, oo |oo|o oo| |oooo|soo, oo oo|oa oo ot|ca
y oo ostot|ca), ooo|oaooo |a co|toa oo| o|otazo, coo|ooo|oooo |a |o||c|oao coo o|
oza y o| so coo o| tooo, so |ooo o| soot|oo oo |a v|oa, o|v|oaoooso taob|oo o|
soot|oo oo |a oooto, |ooo|oosos aoto o||a o|vosas |ovost|ac|ooos a| osocto oos
coo||oao o| va|o aoot|oaoo aoto |a oooto oo |as coooc|as o|||osas y |as coo-
v|cc|ooos os||toa|os 33j).
|) ||/ M||C| ||||/|/ClC| C |L|C/ClC| |/|/ |/ M|||T|: cooo sooato|o
||oa| oo tooo |o aoto|o oos oocootaoos |ooo|oosos aoto |a oooto, |a|tos oo oooo|os
a |o|ta o soo|, |oo|aoos oo| oocosa|o aooo|za,o soc|a| ooo oos oobo|a oooo|a
aa ooo a|oota ooosto ||oa|.... oo osto o|||c||oooto so oooo coosoo| s|- cooo
ya so |a o|c|o- |a oooto y |os oo|boooos so coos|ooao a|o vooozaoto, oco|to y
oco|tab|o. /|o oo |o ooo oo so oooo |ab|a, ooo oo oooo voso oo o| sooo |ao|||a
ya oo so oooo oooaoo oo soos ooo|oos y oos|o|ooooso oo o||os) ooo |a s|oo oos-
toaoo oo| |oa y catao|taoo a |a ||a coovoo|ooc|a asot|ca oo| |os|ta| coov|t|oooo-
so oo ooa oooto so||ta|a y oos|ooao|zaoa 3+j.
1.- Ah5I0A0 Y HI00 Aht lA H0kt:
|a aos|ooao y o| o|ooo soo |as osoostas oas |ooa|oooto asoc|aoas a |a oooto oo ooos-
ta co|toa, tas |os caob|os aotos oosc|tos. /|oa b|oo ostas vao a aaoco coo oayo o oooo
oso oo v|too oo ooo so tato |a oooto o|a o |a oo otos, ooo soa osto |ao|||a, ao|o o a||oa-
oo: oo|oooo oooa aos|ooao tao so|o o| |oc|o oo |oa|oa, oosa o |ab|a oo o||a.
|o |a oosc|c|oo oo |a aos|ooao y o| o|ooo aoto |a oooto so |ao oocootaoo coato coo-
ooootos |oc|a|os 35-39j:
a) |oacc|ooos cooosc|t|vas y a|oct|vas aoto |a oooto.
b) Caob|os ||s|cos oa|os y/o |oa|oa|os ooo so oao aoto |a oooto o oo|ooooaoos
avos.
c) || tooo |a ooc|oo oo| |oaab|o aso oo| t|ooo.
o) || oo|o y o| ostos, oa| y/o aot|c|aoo, ooo so oao oo |a oo|ooooao coo|ca o to-
o|oa| y oo |os o|ooos osooa|os asoc|aoos.
|o oto |aoo, cooo oo oo|a so oo ota |ooa, |a aos|ooao aoto |a oooto osta taob|oo
ooy |ot|oaoooto o|ac|ooaoa coo |a ||sto|a osooa| y co|toa| y coo ooostos ost||os oo a|oota-
o|ooto aoto |as soaac|ooos y |os caob|os ovootos ooy oo|oos a ooostos o|ooos y aos|ooaoos)...
oo |oc|o ao ato oo |os cooooootos a|ba oosc|tos oo soo oas ooo oacc|ooos a| caob|o y a
|a soaac|oo.
\oaoos cooo so at|co|ao y ov|oooc|ao osta aos|ooao y osto o|ooo oocoo a ooo osta soa
|a oooto o|a o |a oo oto:
ta+1etaas 1e Ne1|c|a+ latease K J1 - 0cta|te I11I
"!
1.I.- Ante |a moerte prop|a. tapas:
|ooa|oooto o| aoa||s|s oo |as act|tooos aoto |a oooto o|a soo|o |acoso oo so,otos co-
caoos a ta| taoco, cooo soo|oo so |os oo|ooos too|oa|os, oooo oo o||os so |a oooc|oo o|
oooooto oo |a tooa oo coosc|ooc|a oo |a oooto +Oj, oacaoooso o| caob|o oo tayocto|a otoo-
c|a| oo oooto a |a tayocto|a oa| oo oooto tooos oyoctaoos ooa tayocto|a oo |otoo aa
ooosta v|oa, oo |a ooo oota |a os|b|||oao ooota oo ooosta oooto -oo |oc|o oo |acooos |a-
oos a 8O aos v|sta- s|o oobao, oo o| oo|ooo too|oa| osta tayocto|a so tooca y tas |a c|s|s oo
tooa oo coosc|ooc|a oo |a oooto, so |aco atooto |a tayocto|a oa| oo |a oooto).
|o ostas act|tooos |oc|ooo |actoos o|vosos: osooa||oao, ooac|oo oo |a oo|ooooao, |oto-
acc|oo coo o| osooa| sao|ta|o |.S.), ooao oo| ac|ooto, |oa oo |a as|stooc|a, t|o oo oo|ooooao,
ootooo |ao|||a, ooocac|oo, coooc|a o|||osa, osooc|a o oo oo oo|o... soa cooo soa, ostas act|-
tooos oo|oas a| so||o|ooto s|oo|co so at|co|ao oo tooo a |os oos ocosos oo ooosta o|a ooo-
to: |a aoo|a y o| acto oo oo| cooo ta|.
Lo |oc|o, ao ato oo| tooo |vota sobo o| ocoso oo |a aoo|a y oo oo o|
oo| cooo ta| ++j: as| oo osta o|t|oa otaa oo |a v|oa o| o|ooo so ov|oooc|a oo |as s|o|oo-
tos |ooas +2j:
a) M|ooo a| ocoso oo |a aoo|a oo s|: |a oayo|a oo |os oo|ooos too|oa|os so |aotoao
oooas y so aoost|ao o s| o| |oc|o oo oo| |os |o||caa aooos so||o|ootos ||s|cos
o s|oo|cos.
b) M|ooo a ooo o| cooto| oo |a s|toac|oo: o| ocoso too|oa| voo|vo a| ac|ooto caoa
voz oas ooooo|ooto oo |os oooas, |asta ||oa a oooso o| cooto| oo s| o|soo
too|oooo as| ooo tooas |as ooc|s|ooos sobo o| |as toooo |os oooas.
c) M|ooo a |o ooo acootocoa a |os soyos tas so oooto: as| so oocoao osoc|a|oooto
o |o ooo |o socoooa a so |ao|||a.
o) M|ooo a| o|ooo oo |os oooas: cooo o|,o oo oota oo |o sab|oo ,aoas |o ooo os o|
o|ooo |asta ooo |o v| oo |os o,os oo |os ooo oo co|oabao.
o) M|ooo a| a|s|ao|ooto y a |a so|ooao: |os ac|ootos soo|oo tooo o|ooo a osta so|os a |a
|oa oo oo|.
|) M|ooo a |o ooscoooc|oo: |a osoct|va oo ooosta oooto |aco |oov|tab|o o| |aotoa-
o|ooto oo| oas a||a, cooo ocoo oosoos oo |a oooto..
) M|ooo a ooo |a v|oa ooo so |a too|oo oo |aya too|oo o|ooo s|o|||caoo: s| |a osoosta
ooo o| ac|ooto so oa a osto |otooaoto oo os sat|s|acto|a, o| ocoso oo oo| os oas
too|oo aoo.
|a sooa oo ostos o|ooos so taooco oo so||o|ooto, ooo os oo vooaooo oo|o oo|o s|-
oo|co, cas| oo ooo o| ||s|co +3j) y osto os |o ooo oas so tooo.
|o osto oaco, o|vosos aotoos oos oxoooo |asos o otaas oo |os caob|os act|too|oa|os y
oo |as oooc|ooos oo| oo|ooo too|oa|.
- 3oo y Hoto|a ++j oos |ab|ao oo tos |asos caacto|zaoas, caoa ooa oo o||as, o |os
s|o|ootos s|otooas:
|ct|ta1es s|ca||c+s +ate |+ aaette e| 1ae|a. la+ te|s|a caaceta+|.
ta+1etaas 1e Ne1|c|a+ latease K J1 - 0cta|te I11I ""
|ct|ta1es s|ca||c+s +ate |+ aaette e| 1ae|a. la+ te|s|a caaceta+|.
|oos|oo, coo oo|oa oo |ooooooooc|a y ||botao, oo|oa oo |ooot|oao o|a...
tooo o||o coo oo|aoco||a, ooos|oo, aos|v|oao y co|a.
|o||ooo sobo s| o|soo, coo a|s|ao|ooto y oo|oa oo| so|| y
/os|ooao, taoto oact|va cooo ooooooa.
- |o oto |aoo K|3|||-|CSS +5j oos osoota sos tao coooc|oas c|oco |asos oo ooa-
c|oo/a|s|ao|ooto, |a, acto o oooc|ac|oo coo L|os, ooos|oo y acotac|oo ||oa|, s| so |ao
sooaoo coovoo|ootooooto |as aoto|oos |asos.
- |o o|t|oo -s|o so ox|aost|vos- |att|soo +6j oos |oo|ca ooo coaooo oos oocootaoos oo
o| o|ooo oo tayocto|a oa| oo |a oooto, tas |a tooa oo coosc|ooc|a oo |a o|soa, so
asao tos |asos c||o|cas:
|oa c|s|s aooa, coaooo so t|ooo o| coooc|o|ooto oo ooo |a oo|ooooao os
too|oa|.
|oa |aso oo v|v|/oo| coo|co, coo aos|ooao |otoosa oooto oo v|oa).
|a |aso too|oa|, coaooo tooo so va aaaooo ,ooto a |as soa|os oo oob|||oao ooo
vao aaoc|oooo.
1.2.- Ante |a moerte de| otro. tapas de| doe|o:
|oo osto ocoso too|oa| taob|oo oooa aos|ooao y caob|os act|too|oa|os oo |os |ao|||a-
os, ao|os y a||oaoos... /oto osto o|ooo y osta aos|ooao so oooo oo oac|a c|otas ostato|as
oo|oos|vas ta|os cooo:
- ||oo| o| ob|ooa oo| co|oaoo oo| oo|ooo tas|aoaooo|o a oo |os|ta| y oo a|ootaooo
|a coov|vooc|a cot|o|aoa coo o| |ootaoo o||'ooo|o |ootaoo o|| cooo, o|coo |os |ta||aoos)
oo|taoooso o| oooto oo ooc|oa y oooca oo,o o|c|o, aooooo |a oayo|a oo |as oso-
oas o|o||ao oo| oo so casa +j.
- Cto oocao|soo oo|oos|vo os o| coooc|oo cooo acto o coos|ac|oo oo| S||ooc|o +8j
ov|taooo a|oo| a |a avooao oo |a oo|ooooao y a |a oooto |o coa| so taooco oo oo
oayo a|s|ao|ooto oo| ac|ooto.
|as otaas |ooo|aoas o Kob|o-|oss taob|oo soo|oo aaoco oo |ao|||aos y a||o-
aoos, oo oo a| o|soo t|ooo ooo oo o| ac|ooto too|oa|: oas aoo, o azooos obv|as
|as |asos ||oa||zao oo o| ac|ooto a| acaba so v|oa, s|o oobao o| ocoso oo |os |ao|||aos y
a||oaoos coot|ooa oas a||a oo osto oooooto, oooaoooso oo ocoso oo ooo|o, coo |as
s|o|ootos otaas +9j:
+) |obotao|ooto ooota|: caacto|zaoo o |a osooc|a oo cooooctas aotooat|cas y o
|a |ocaac|oao oo acota |a oa||oao.
2) /o|o|o y bosooooa oo| o|oooto oo|oo: aoo| soo|oo aaoco soot|o|ootos oo |o,ost|-
c|a, ooos|oo, y co|a coo |osooo|o y aos|ooao s| osto os ooy |otooso o coo|co, |ab|a-
oos oo oo ooo|o ato|o|co).
3) Losoao|zac|oo y oososoac|oo: soo|o aaoco ooa toooooc|a a abaooooaso y a oo-
o |os osooooas oo| ost||o oo v|oa osooa|.
+) |ooao|zac|oo: s| so vao sooaooo |as |asos oco a oco soo o| a|ootao|ooto y so
ooao|za |a o|a ox|stooc|a. |oo s| oo so ||oa a osta |aso o| ooo|o so coo|||ca oo
|ooa ato|o|ca coaooo |a ooos|oo/o|st|o|a sooa o| ao tas |a oo|oa), aooooo
oao||ostac|ooos ato|o|cas ooooo so |a aosooc|a oo a|||cc|oo coosc|ooto oxcoso oo
aotocooto| ooo osooo o| ooo|o y oo |o oo|to oooa) y |a osooc|a oo oo|o|a, cas|
oao|aca, oo|oa a vocos a ooa ooac|oo oo |a oooto 5Oj.
ta+1etaas 1e Ne1|c|a+ latease K J1 - 0cta|te I11I
"#
1.1.- n n|os ado|escentes:
|os aoo|tos y |os o|os oao|||ostao act|tooos o|st|otas y o||oooc|aoas aoto |a oooto 5+-52j:
|o |a |o|aoc|a ostas act|tooos ostao oo |ooc|oo oo| o|vo| oo coooos|oo oo |os coocotos
oo tooo a |a oooto osta ooy oo|ooo y va a oo|, va a oo| y oooto) 53j as|
|asta |os oos aos oo soo|oo osoota oacc|ooos avos |oooo|atas, aooooo a vocos so
|a ov|oooc|aoo a|||cc|oo: sobo |os 3-+ aos coo|ooza a so| o| o|ooo a |a oooto oas
o o| oosaoao ooo |os acaoa|a |a oooto oo sos soos ooo|oos, oosto ooo ao-
oas so asooo |a o|a oooto).
|o |a o|oz so soo|oo oosao||a ,ooos aa cooto|a o| o|ooo y/o |a ooa ooo |os ovoca
|a oooto 5+j, taob|oo ooooo oooc|so caob|os oo cooooctas aoto |a oooto oo
|ao|||aos ta|os cooo: oosoboo|ooc|a, aos|v|oao, oa| ooo|o|ooto osco|a y acootoaoo
|otoos o o| tooa oo |a oooto, a vocos asoc|aoo a| |oc|o oo ooo|.
S|o oobao oo |os 5 a |os +O aos o| tooo a |a oooto soo|o o|so|oo| oooo so |ov|sto
a| ocoo|o|ooto oo c|ota tascoooooc|a osta oo o| c|o|o, osta coo o| ||o osos).
|o |a oaoo|oscooc|a y aoo|oscooc|a os o|||c|| ostab|oco aotas ||,as, aooooo ya so
oo|oza a ostab|oco o| tooo a |a oooto o|ac|ooaoo coo o| ocoso too|oa| oo|o,
so||o|ooto, so|ooao), ov|oooc|aoooso oco a oco |a asooc|oo oo |a oooto o|a.
Soa cooo soa, |a aos|ooao y |a oo|aoco||a soo|oo aaoco oo ostas ooaoos aoto |a |ooa
oo |a oooto o|a: taob|oo os |ocoooto |a |ooot|||cac|oo coo osooas oo| ootooo,
o o||o s| so oa ooa |ooto |ooot|||cac|oo coo a|o|oo ooo |a |a||oc|oo oo|a oaso ooa
act|too so|c|oa 55j.
1.4.- Hed|c|n de |a ans|edad/m|edo ante |a moerte:
|a ooo|oa oo |as act|tooos |ac|a |a oooto oooo ||ovaso a cabo ooo|aoto o|vosos ocoo|-
o|ootos: ootov|stas soo|ostoctoaoas, toco|cas oyoct|vas y osca|as o coost|ooa|os ooto |as ooo oos-
tacao: |a |sca|a oo o|ooo a |a oooto oo 3oya |oos) 56j, |a |sca|a oo o|ooo a |a oooto oo Co||ot/|os-
to 5j, |a |sca|a oo act|tooos aoto |a oooto oo |osto 58j, o| loo|co oo tooo oo Ko|o, |sto|o y
|o|too 59j y, sobo tooo, |a |sca|a oo aos|ooao aoto |a oooto L/S) oo Too|o 6Oj.
|sta aos|ooao oo o| caso oo| L/S) v|ooo coo|ooaoa o coato cooooootos 6+j:
+) |oocoac|oo o |as oacc|ooos |oto|octoa|os y oooc|ooa|os aoto |a oooto.
2) |oocoac|oo o o| caob|o ||s|co.
3) |ocataso y oocoaso o o| aso oo| t|ooo.
+) |oocoac|oo o o| oo|o y o| ostos ooo acooaao a |a oo|ooooao y a |a oooto.
4.- AftIt005 0 l05 Fk0f5I0hAl5 5AhItAkI05 Aht lA H0kt:
/| aoa||za o| tooa ooo|co oo |as act|tooos |ac|a |a oooto oo oso|ta ato|to o| |aco ooa
oooc|oo osoc|||ca oo |as act|tooos oo| |osooa| Sao|ta|o aoto |a oooto, yoooo a |a oa oo osto
tooa asoctos tao coc|a|os cooo |os oo |a ootaoas|a y |a atooc|oo y o| co|oaoo a |a osooa |a||o-
c|ooto, s|oooo osto o|t|oo asocto o| ooo oas oos |otoosa a oosotos.
|os caob|os soc|oco|toa|os oosc|tos oo o| ooto 2 taob|oo |ao a|caozaoo, cooo oo oo|a so oo
oto oooo, a| |.S.: a| soca|o oo ta|os caob|os, |as |oc|a|os act|tooos oo tooo a |a oooto oo| |.S.
so cootao oo:
a) |C ||||| |CM3|/| / |/ MlSM/ M|||T| y, o asoc|ac|oo, taooco a |as ato-
|o|as o oa|os ooo coooos ooo |a ataoo 62j. /s| so ostab|oco tooo oo |toa| oo |a ||o-
cos|a y oo |a oco|tac|oo ooo co|o|oa oo oooascaa |a vooao a| ac|ooto sobo so osta-
|ct|ta1es s|ca||c+s +ate |+ aaette e| 1ae|a. la+ te|s|a caaceta+|.
ta+1etaas 1e Ne1|c|a+ latease K J1 - 0cta|te I11I "$
|ct|ta1es s|ca||c+s +ate |+ aaette e| 1ae|a. la+ te|s|a caaceta+|.
oo too|oa|, coo ooa |a|sa |ooao ooo so ac|ooa||za aa ov|ta|o aoost|as a| oo|ooo,
coaooo, a |a osto, |o ooo s| so ov|ta os |a aoost|a a| |S ooo as| so ||boa oo o,oco ooa
coooo|cac|oo aa |a ooo oo osta oaaoo y oo so o| ooosa,oo oo |a oooto... y
os ooo cooo o|co Kaso 6j aoco ooo |os ooo|cos t|oooo oas o|ooo a |a oooto
ooo |os oo|ooos.
|o|caoooto a|ooos ac|ootos y, sobo tooo, |os |ao|||aos soo coo||cos coo-
|ac|ootos oo osto |toa| oo |a ooot|a.
b) |C Ml|/| C/|/ / C/|/ /| |||||MC y ov|ta so cootacto: cooo sooooa cooso-
coooc|a oo so|o oo so oo|oo oosa oo |a oooto o oo oooba|a, s|oo ooo ooc|os
sao|ta|os oo o|ao caa a caa, y sobo tooo a |os o,os, a |os ac|ootos oo|boooos...
o tooo.
|o avo os ooo o| oo|ooo |o oota y so vo a s| o|soo cooo oosa|oc|aoo, cooo
oo aostaoo soaaoo, a vocos, oo| osto oo ooa sa|a o ooa cot|o|||a).
Hay ooo osa|ta |a l|CC|C||||Cl/ ooo soooo o| ooo a o|vo| oo Coooo|-
cac|oo \oba| so |o o|a ooo oo t|ooo oaoa y a tavos oo |a Coooo|cac|oo |o \oba| so
|o o|a |o coota|o 6+j.
c) /|M||TC L| |/ /T||ClC| T|C|C|CClC/ ` L|| ||C/||lZ/Ml||TC
T||/|||TlCC: o| o|t|oo |o oo |a os|a| os ooo o| |S coo o| soot|o|ooto oo co|a
ooo |o oooa so coooocta y sos act|tooos oo|oo ox|aso aaooo coo tocoo|o|a |o
ooo ot|a oo a|oct|v|oao y |ooao|soo... as| so coov|oto o| oo| |os|ta|a|o oo a|o
so||ta|o y vooozaoto coo o| atozzo oo tooa ooa taooya oo aaata,o cooo osto-
|| socooaooo oo| ca|o y oo| a|octo |ooaoo: os ooc| S| H/| |M||C|/LC |/S
CC|LlClC||S L| M|||T|, a|aaoooso |a aoo|a, ac|as a| oocao|zao|ooto
toaoot|co, coov|t|ooooso o| oo| |os|ta|a|o- cooo oos ocooaba K|3|||-
|CSS 65j- oo a|o so||ta|o, oocao|co y oos|ooao|zaoo . /ooooo, oo oa||oao, o|
|S oo os co|ab|o oo oao||osta ostas act|tooos y coootao|ootos |ab|oa cooota
ooo ostao ooo|at|zaoos o |as caooc|as oo |ooac|oo o|os|ooa| oo toco|cas oo
coooo|cac|oo 66j y oo toco|cas oo a|ootao|ooto aoto |a s|toac|oo ooo |aotoa o|
oo|ooo aoo|zaoto 6j.
/s|, ooa |C|M/ClC| /L|C|/L/ oobo|a |oooota ooas act|tooos oas aoocoaoas |ac|a
o| oo|ooo too|oa|, ooo oobo|ao so 68j:
+) Tooa coosc|ooc|a oo sos oocos|oaoos ||s|o|o|cas, sobo tooo oo |o o|oooto a| a||v|o
oo| oo|o ||s|co y s|oo|co.
2) Losao||a |ab|||oaoos y act|tooos oo obsovac|oo y oscoc|a aa ooo |ooot|||ca aoo-
coaoaoooto sos oocos|oaoos osoc|||cas.
3) /toooo aoocoaoaoooto |as oocos|oaoos |o|ooat|vas oo |os |ao|||aos y a||oaoos.
+) /toooo y so soos|b|o a |as oocos|oaoos os||toa|os y o|||osas oo| ac|ooto.
5) |ac|||ta y o|sooo |as oo,oos cooo|c|ooos os|b|os oo| ootooo, ooo |aao oas cooo-
oo y acoooo o| |ab|taco|o oo| oo|ooo, taoto aa o| cooo aa sos |ao|||aos.
/ osto osocto soo o|ocoootos |os o|st|otos oocooootos sobo Looc|os oo |os oo|boooos,
Loc|aac|ooos oo Co|oaoos |a||at|vos, Tostaoootos aa |a otaa ||oa|, otc...).
ta+1etaas 1e Ne1|c|a+ latease K J1 - 0cta|te I11I
"%
5.- f0hfl05I0h:
|os osto o oo, o| |os|ta| so |a coovot|oo oo o| oaco |ost|toc|ooa| ooo oo|oba y oco-
o oo Ccc|oooto o| ocoso oo oo| |asta |os aos 5O o| 8O % oo |as oootos too|ao |oa oo casa
y aooas oo +5 % oo o| Hos|ta|: |oy cas| o| 5 % oo |a oooto obaoa so ob|ca oo o| ooo|o |os-
|ta|a|o 69jj... s|o oobao oo so |ao ootaoo |os ooo|os ot|oootos oo |o|aostoctoas oato|a-
|os y osooa|os aa acoo osta ooova ax|s aooooo coooos ooo |o oo,o so|a oo| oo casa).
Cooo oos |oo|cao Cabo||o Mo|ooaoo ot a| Oj so oc|sao oo coooooooas |oa|azab|os |TlC/S
y |ST|TlC/S.
|t|caoooto oo so oobo a|aa |a aoo|a osto||oooto, oo||o|taoooso o| ooto oo |ooto-
a ooo oo|to osota |a LlC|lL/L H|M/|/, a||v|aooo|a oo ooa ||a soov|vooc|a
tocoo|o|ca.
|stot|caoooto ootaooo a |os |os|ta|os y a| |.S. oo ooo|os y coooc|o|ootos aa atoooo
|as oocos|oaoos 3lC|SlCCSCCl/||S sooat|cas, a|oct|vas, oooc|ooa|os y os||toa|os)
ooo o| ac|ooto oooaooo, cootaoas oo |a LlC|lL/L L|| 3l|| MC|l|.
|o so ato, L..|oy |a s|otot|zaoo |as cooo|c|ooos osooc|a|os oo| MC|l| CC| LlC|l-
L/L oo |a s|o|ooto oaooa +j:
+) Mo| s|o o| osto|to |ooot|co oo ooa tocoo|o|a oosta oo ,ooo aa otoa a|ooas
|oas so|oooota|as oo v|oa b|o|o|ca.
2) Mo| s|o oo|oos atocos ooo ooooo||zao tooa |a ooo|a y |a cooc|ooc|a.
3) Mo| oo oo ootooo o|oo oo| so |ooaoo y o|o oo |o ooo oo|a so oo ooooo-
to |oooso.
+) Mo| oaotoo|oooo coo |as osooas cocaoas y ooo|oas cootactos |ooaoos sooc|||os y
oo|ooocoooos.
5) Mo| cooo oo acto coosc|ooto oo oo|oo os caaz oo oa||za o| o|||c|| as oo|ooo|.
6) Mo| coo |os o,os ab|otos, oaooo |a caa va||ootooooto y acotaooo |o ooo ||oa.
) Mo| coo oo os||to ab|oto, acotaooo ooo ooc|os |otooaotos ooo |a v|oa |a ab|o-
to oooooo s|o osoosta.
8) Mo| coo o| coazoo ab|oto, os ooc| coo |a oocoac|oo oo| b|ooosta oo |os ooo
ooooao oo v|oa.
/s| caoa coa| ocooaa o| otaoo|soo ox|stooc|a| oo so o|a oooto y os ooo |a ooo-
to oos otoooco y a o||a otooocooos, y oso a tooas |as oao|vas y o|oooas tocoo|o|cas os |oso-
booab|o o |o|acab|o. |ooooos ooa|a o |ooa|a, ,oa a| cooo s| oo, oo a tooos oos osoa,
y tooo|a o o|s|azaoos coo catotoos y aaatos oo ov|ta ooo oos aoaoo a tooos oo ooosta o-
|a Saoa-K|aooa 2j. G
"Si me muero, que me muera
con la cabeza muy alta
Muerto y veinte veces muerto,
la boca contra la grava
tendr apretados los dientes
y decidida la barba!"
Jientos del pueblo. M. Hernande:.
|ct|ta1es s|ca||c+s +ate |+ aaette e| 1ae|a. la+ te|s|a caaceta+|.
ta+1etaas 1e Ne1|c|a+ latease K J1 - 0cta|te I11I "&
|ct|ta1es s|ca||c+s +ate |+ aaette e| 1ae|a. la+ te|s|a caaceta+|.
8I8lI06kAfIA:
I.- \0KI|C, \. l+ ea|etae1+1 sas aet+|at+s. l1 I+atas. laeaas
||tes, It.
I.- C|l|, l.j., llll|Kl, N, ll|l, N. \a|te |+s caacec|aaes 1e |+
aaette. l0l, II. I!.tJ-tt.
J.- \0KI|C, \. l| \|1+ sas aet+|at+s. l1. I+atas. laeaas ||tes,
It.
1.- C0Nll, N. taa 1+t |+s a+|+s aat|c|+s ea ae1|c|a+. l1 |t+a.
N+1t|1, Ir.
!.- l|Kllll, \ . ls|ca|a|+, sac|e1+1 c+||1+1 1e |1+. Iet taate-
sa 1e| ta|e|a 0||c|+| 1e ls|c|aas. la|||c+c|aaes 1e| t.0.l.,
N+1t|1, Ir1
t.- l|j|, l. la||aeac|+ 1e |+s cteeac|+s te|||as+s ea |+s +ct|ta1es
1e| letsaa+| \+a|t+t|a +ate |+ aaette. Ies|s lactat+|. la|. 1e
t+1|i, I11I.
l.- |l|KClllK, j.l. l+ aaette ea lt|c+. |||+ai+ aa|. (teitas).
N+1t|1, Irl.
r.- ll l| l0tlll0lt|lll, l. N+i|a+s. l1. l1|+s+. l+tce|aa+,
I1.
.- \0lltlK|l, N. lei eai aaetts. l1. |e ||te 1e ac|e. l+t|s, Ir1.
I1.- t|K0, t. latte|st+ a|||c+1+ ea l| l1e+|. Ct+a+1+, I!/1t/!
II.- C|l|, l.j., llll|Kl, N, ll|l, N.. 0. c|t. II.
II.- |lll\, l. l| |aa|te +ate |+ aaette. l1. I+atas. N+1t|1, Irl.
IJ.- |lll\, l. Westeta +tt|ta1es ta+t1 1e+t|. I|e ja|s la||as
la|ets|t ltess. l+|t|aate, Il1.
I1.- |lll\, l. lss+| sat |||sta|te 1e |+ aatt ea 0cc|1eat. l1. \ea||.
l+t|s, Il!.
I!.- C|l|, l.j., llll|Kl, N, ll|l, N. 0. c|t. II.
It.- C|l|, |. latte|st+ a|||c+1+ ea l| l+|s. N+1t|1 1I/II/1
Il.- |lll\, l. 0. c|t. Il!.
Ir.- C0Nll, N. 0. c|t. Ir.
I.- t|l|tlll, N. |ct|ta1es +ate |+ aaette |as ea|etaas teta|-
a+|es ea |as esta1|+ates 1e la|etaet|+ 1e |+ lscae|+ la|ets|t+t|+
1e tt1a|+. Ies|s 1e ||ceac|+tat+. la|. 1e tt1a|+, IrJ.
I1.- t|Illl|, N. lec|+t+c|aaes ea e| l+|s laa|a|c+|. 1t/1!/I1
II.- ll lK|NlK0, N. le| seat|a|eata tt+|ca 1e |+ |1+. (0|t+s
caa|et+s). l1. lsce||cet. N+1t|1, It.
II.- C|l|, l.j., llll|Kl, N, ll|l, N. 0. c|t. II.
IJ.- Illl|llll0\, j. latte |as ||a|tes etsaa+|es ea+| 1e |+ lat+a+-
s|+ (lt|aa). \et. 1e a|||c+c|aaes 1e |+ la|. 1e t+1|i. t+1|i, I1
I1.- tl0l|K, l. I+t|+c|aaes sa|te |+ aaette, ea |1|s + |+ |||asa||+
attas teitas. l1. t+te1t+. N+1t|1, Ir1.
I!.- lll|t|, \. l+ aaette ea |+ sac|e1+1 caateaat+ae+. la
II.||. l||ea+s tt|cas 1e |+ ae1|c|a+ +cta+|. la|||c+c|aaes 1e |+
la|. laat|||c|+ 1e taa|||+s. N+1t|1, Irt. ( ItI-Il).
It.- Ilt0, j. la|at aaette |aa+a+ 1|a+. l1. \+a l+||a. N+1t|1,
I!.
Il.- |lll\, l. 0. c|t. Irl.
Ir.- |\0tl|tl0K |Nlllt|K| ll l\l)ll|Ill|. l\N-lI (N+aa+|
l|+ast|ca lst+1|st|ca 1e |as tt+stataas aeat+|es). l1. N+ssaa.
l+tce|aa+, I!.
I.- ll|lllllK, l. lectates aa c||a|c+| lsc||+tt. l1. W. Waa1.
Kae+ \at|, I11.
J1.- I0l\I0l, l. l+ aaette 1e l+a l|||c|. l1. |a||+t. N+1t|1, I!t
JI.- C0Nll, N. 0. c|t. Ir.
JI.- C0Nll, N. l||1ea Ir.
JJ.- l0KlII0, l IlNllll, l. l+ +as|e1+1 +ate |+ aaette. l1. ese-
c|+| +t+ l+a|e|ett| ls+a+, \.|. (l1, Iea|s). l+tce|aa+, Irr.
J1.- llllll-l0\\, l. \a|te |+ aaette |as aat||aa1as. l1. Ct|-
j+||a. l+tce|aa+, Ir.
J!.- l|j|, l. a. c|t. I11I
Jt.- Clllll|Kl, j. IlNllll, l. le|+t|aas|| a| 1e+t| +ai|et
sc+|e |+ctats ta t|e sa|jet|e st+te. 0ae+, Ir1. It. I1!-I!!.
Jl.- l0KlII0, l. \ IlNllll, l. I|e a+tate a| 1e+t| +as|et, la t.
\|e||et j. latc|et, |+aces |a etsaa+||t +ssessaeat (a| J).
l1. lt||+aa +ssac|+tes. l|||s1+|e, IrJ. ( I1I-Il1)
Jr.- Kll\0K, l. \ Kll\0K, t. | |+ctat +a+||t|c |aa|t |ata t|e
aa|t|1|aeas|aa+||t a| 1e+t| +ai|et. 0ae+, t. IlI-Ilr, Il!.
J.- l|N0\, l C|ltl|, l. N|e1a +as|e1+1 +ate |+ aaette. la j.
laea1|+, ls|ca+ta|a|+ t||a|c+ s+|a1. \et|c|a 1e la|||c+c|aaes
1e |+ la|. 1e Natc|+. Natc|+, II. ( IJI-Itt)
11.- C0Nll, N. 0. c|t Ir.
1I.- Nt I|K, l (l1|tat+). l+c|eate teta|a+| aaette. l1. laa+.
l+tce|aa+, Irl.
1I.- llltl, I. I|e |ast|tate aa |as|ce. t|t+1a at t. leet1|a et +|.
ea 'l+ aatt test|taee'. l1. l+|at et l|1es. C|ae|t+, IrI.
1J.- C|l|, l.j., llll|Kl, N, ClllllK, t et +|. |sectas s|casa-
c|+|es 1e| 1a|at, ea lca. C+|+ t. Ca|||ta (l1ts), l| 1a|at e| sa|t|-
a|eata ea |+ |taatet+ ||as|casac|+| 1e |+ caa1|c|a |aa+a+. \et-
|c|a 1e a|||c+c|aaes 1e |+ lt| (ea teas+).
11.- lllCll, N l0lI|l|, l. Nat|t ea e| |as|t+|. l1. la|. l+tce-
|aa+, IrI.
1!.- llllll-l0\\, l. 0. c|t, Ir.
1t.- l|IIl\0K, l. I|e eiet|eace a| 1|a. l1. lteat|ce-l+||. la|e-
aa1 t||||s, Ill.
1l.- lllI0K, j. liet|eac|+s sa|te e| aat|t. l1. \e|i l+tt+|. l+t-
ce|aa+, It.
1r.- l0llll, l. l| +cta 1e s||eac|a. l| at1|ca II/1!/Ir.
1.- |lI|llll|, l. l+ aaette ea |+ ca|tat+ ast-aa1eta+. la+
etsect|+ sac|a||c+, )a+1eta t+s (//lll). l+tce|aa+, I!.
!1.- l0Wll\, j. l+ tt1|1+ +|ect|+, tt|stei+ 1etes|a. l1. let-
1et. l+tce|aa+, Ir1.
!I.- \|llll, \. l| a|aa |+ aaette. l1. |||+a|t+, IrJ.
!I.- lll|t|, \. |ct|ta1es +ate |+ aaette (teaca+c|a, +as|e1+1,
teaat) te|||as|1+1. Ies|s lactat+|. la|. taa|atease. N+1t|1,
III.
!J.- lll|t|, \. lsta1|a ea|at|a 1e |+ aaette. j+aa, Ir!.
t!J.IJ-I1.
!1.- \|llll, \. 0. c|t. IrJ.
!!.- t|ll|K, l. l1eat|||c+t|aa, + caa||c+t|a |+ctat |a t|e |a+t|eat
tte+taeat a| +1a|esceat |t|s. |a. j. 0tt|asc|. Itt. Jt.lI1.
ta+1etaas 1e Ne1|c|a+ latease K J1 - 0cta|te I11I
"'
!t.- l0\ll, j. I|e caasttact|aa +a1 +tt|+| +||1+t|aa a| + sc+|e |at
t|e ae+sateaeat a| t|e |e+t a| 1e+t|. l|ssett+t|aa ||stt+cts, It1,
I!. I1-II.
!l.- t0lllI, l. ll\Ill, l. I|e |e+t a| 1e+t| +a1 t|e |e+t a| 1|a.
jaata+| a| sc|a|a. It. lI.Il-IrI.
!r.- ll\Ill, l. liet|aeat+| +a1 catte|+t|aa sta1|es a| t|e |e+t a|
1e+t|. lsc|a|a la||et|a, Itl. tl.It-Jt.
!.- llllCll, \, ll\IllKC, l. lllIKll, l. letsaa+| caasttacts
t|te+t, +a1 +tt|ta1es ta+t1 1e+t|. 0ae+, Il1. !. I-JI1.
t1.- IlNllll, l. I|e caasttact|aa +a1 +||1+t|aa a| 1e+t| +ai|et
sc+|e. jaata+| a| eaet+| lsc|a|a. Il1. rI.It!-Ill.
tI.- l0KlII0, l. \ IlNllll, l. a. c|t. Irr.
tI.- C|l|, l.j., llll|Kl, N, ll|l, N. 0. c|t. II.
tJ.- (t|t+1a at) |KI0Kllll, l. let aat|te |ea1a (J e1.) l1.
t|tt+ Kaa+. laa+, I1.
t1.- C|l|, l.j., llll|Kl, N, ll|l, N. 0. c|t. II.
t!.- llllll-l0\\, l. 0. c|t, Ir.
tt.- C|l|, l.j., llll|Kl, N, ll|l, N. et +|. 0attaa|1+1 1e aa+ |at-
a+c|a +c+1ta|c+ esec|||c+ ea Itca|c+s 1e taaaa|c+c|a ea
l+||||1+1es \ac|+|es +t+ |as +|aaaas 1e t|eac|+s 1e |+ \+|a1.la
j.N. |||etc+ et +|. (l1|ts). |+aces ea ls|ca|a|+ t||a|c+ 1e |+
\+|a1. la|||c+c|aaes 1e| ceatta t||a|ca las K+t+ajas. N+|++, Il.
( JI-Jr).
tl.- l|tllt0, l. |ct|ta1es +ate |+ aaette |as ea|etaas teta|a+-
|es ea at1|cas |I\ caa ejetc|c|a ta|es|aa+| ea |+ c|a1+1 1e Nat-
c|+. Ies|s 1actat+|. la| 1e Natc|+, Irl.
tr.- Nt I|K, l (l1|tat+). a. c|t. Irl.
t.- C|l|, l.j., llll|Kl, N, ll|l, N. 0. c|t. II.
l1.- t|llll0, lt0, C|ltl|, jN Il)llll|, |. latte |as ||a|tes
etsaa+|es ea+|es 1e |+ lat+a+s|+. \et|c|a 1e a|||c+c|aaes 1e
|+ la|. 1e t+1|i, I!.
lI.- l0\, l. let||ae |+ce + |+ aatt. lttte et l+steats, IrJ. I1.
!r!-!I.
lI.- C|l|, l.j., llll|Kl, N, ll|l, N. 0. c|t. II.
|ct|ta1es s|ca||c+s +ate |+ aaette e| 1ae|a. la+ te|s|a caaceta+|.
ta+1etaas 1e Ne1|c|a+ latease K J1 - 0cta|te I11I #