1

VERBOS IRREGULARES
Los verbos regulares son los ms comunes en ingls y tienen una caracterstica
fundamental que los distinguen del resto. Estos verbos forman el pasado y el participio
aadiendo -ED. P.e. work-worked, pray-prayed. La dificultad de estos verbos estriba en
la pronunciacin de esos pasados y participio en -ED.
Quiz sea conveniente advertir de principio que ninguno de esos pasados y participio
se pronuncian /ed/, tienen tres posibles pronunciaciones dependiendo de la
consonante que anteceda a la terminacin -ED. As:
1.- Si el verbo regular en infinitivo termina en consonante sorda (voiceless) como
/c/-/h/-/k/-/p/-/r/-/w/-/v/, entonces el pasado y del participio de dicho verbo se
pronunciar ( T). Por ejemplo: voiced /voist/ - worked /workt/ - stopped /stopt/
remembered /ribmbert/- chewed /chiut/- moved /mut/

2.- Si el verbo regular en infinitivo termina en consonante sonora (voiced) como por
ejemplo: /n/ - /m/ - /l/, su pasado y del participio se pronunciar con el sonido (D) como
en: cleaned /klind/ - killed /kild/
3.- Por ltimo si el verbo regular en infinitivo acaba en "t" o "d", la pronunciacin del
pasado y del participio ser (id). P.e. painted /peintid/ o decided /disaidid/
Nota: Los verbos regulares que acaban en (-e), lgicamente no se le aaden -ED en
pasado o en participio sino que slo a aaden (-D), como en love-loved, smoke-smoked
Recuerde que los verbos en el participio pasado llevan delante la palabra have (ha)
has (ha) had (haba) was (era) were (estaba). Ejem: have arisen was become.

Presente

Participio
pasado
ARISEN
AWAKED

Pronuncia

Significado

Pronuncia

Pretrito

Pronuncia

ARISE
AWAKE

ARRIS
AUIK

AROSE
AWOKE

ARRUS
AUK

BE

BI

WAS/WERE

US/UR

BEEN

BIN

BEAR
BEAT

BER
BIT

BORE
BEAT

BORR
BIT

BORRN
BIIT/BITIN

BECOME

BICM

BECAME

BIKIM

BORN(E)
BEAT/BEAT
EN
BECOME

BICM

LLEGAR A
SER

BEFALL

BIFL

BEFELL

BIFL

BEFALLEN

BIFLEN

BEGET
BEGIN
BEHOLD

BIGT
BIGN
BJOLD

BEGAT
BEGAN
BEHELD

BIGT
BIGAN
BIJLD

BEGOTTEN
BEGUN
BEHELD

BIGTEN
BIGN
BIJLD

SOBREVENI
R
PRODUCIR
EMPEZAR
CONTEMPLA

ARRSEN
AUIKT

ELEVARSE
DESPERTAR
SE
SER O
ESTAR
LLEVAR
GOLPEAR

2
R
Presente
BEND
BEREAVE
BEREAVE
BESET
BET
BID
BIND
BITE
BLEED
BLOW
BREAK
BREED
BRING
BROADCAS
T
BUILD
BURN
BURN
BURST
BUY
CAN
CAST
CATCH
CHIDE
CHIDE
CHOOSE
CLEAVE
CLEAVE
CLEAVE
CLING
CLOTHE
CLOTHE
COME
COST
CREEP
CROW
CROW
CUT
DEAL
DIG
DIVE
DIVE
DO

Pronuncia
BEND
BERRF
BERRF
BSET
BET
BID
BAND
BIT
BLID
BLU
BRIK
BRID
BRIN

Pretrito

BILD
BERN
BERN
BERST
BI
CAEN
CAST
CATCH
CHID
CHID
CHUS
CLIF
CLIF
CLIF
CLIN
CLUT
CLUT
CM
COST
CRIP

BENT
BEREFT
BEREAVED
BESET
BET
BADE
BOUND
BIT
BLED
BLEW
BROKE
BRED
BROUGHT
BROADCAS
T
BUILT
BURNT
BURNED
BURST
BOUGHT
COULD
CAST
CAUGHT
CHIDED
CHID
CHOSE
CLEFT
CLOVE
CLEAVED
CLUNG
CLOTHED
CLAD
CAME
COST
CREPT

CROU
CROU
CAT
DIL
DIG
DIF
DIF
DU

CREW
CROWED
CUT
DEALT
DUG
DIVED
DOVE
DID

BRODCAST

Pronuncia

BILT
BERNT
BERND
BERST
BOT
CUD
CAST
COT
CHADID
CHID
CHUS
CLEFT
CLOF
CLIFT
CLAN
CLUTT
CLAD
KIM
COST
CREPT

Participio
pasado
BENT
BEREFT
BEREAVED
BESET
BET
BIDDEN
BOUND
BITTEN
BLED
BLOWN
BROKEN
BRED
BROUGHT
BROADCAS
T
BUILT
BURNT
BURNED
BURST
BOUGHT
CAST
CAUGHT
CHIDED
CHIDDEN
CHOSEN
CLEFT
CLOVEN
CLEAVED
CLUNG
CLOTHED
CLAD
COME
COST
CREPT

CREU
CROUT
CAT
DELT
DAG
DIFT
DOF
DID

CROWED
CROWED
CUT
DEALT
DUG
DIVED
DOVE
DONE

BENT
BEREFT
BERRFT
BSET
BET
BIT
BAND
BIT
BLET
BLU
BROK
BRET
BROT
BRODCAST

Pronuncia
BENT
BEREFT
BERRFT
BSET
BET
BDEN
BAND
BTTEN
BLET
BLUN
BROKEN
BRET
BROT
BRODCAST

BILT
BERNT
BERND
BERST
BOT
CAST
COT
CHIDID
CHIDEN
CHUSEN
CLEFT
CLOF
CLIFT
CLAN
CLUTT
CLAD
CM
COST
CREPT
CROUT
CROUT
CAT
DELT
DAG
DIFT
DOF
DON

Significado

DOBLAR
AFLIGIR
AFLIGIR
ACOSAR
APOSTAR
ORDENAR
ATAR
MORDER
SANGRAR
SOPLAR
ROMPER
CRIAR
TRAER
DIFUNDIR
CONSTRUIR
QUEMAR
QUEMAR
REVENTAR
COMPRAR
PODER
LANZAR
COGER
REPRENDER
REPRENDER
ELEGIR
RAJAR
TAJAR
PARTIR
AGARRARSE
VESTIR
VESTIR
VENIR
COSTAR
ARRASTRAR
SE
CACAREAR
CACAREAR
CORTAR
TRATAR
CAVAR
ZAMBULLIR
ZAMBULLIR
DONE

3
DRAW
Presente

DRO
Pronuncia

DREW
Pretrito

DRU
Pronuncia

DREAM
DREAM
DRINK
DRIVE
DWELL
DWELL
EAT
FALL
FEED
FEEL
FIGHT
FIND
FLEE
FLING
FLY
FORBEAR
FORBID
FORECAST

DRIM
DRIM
DRINK
DRIF
DUL
DUL
IT
FL
FID
FIL
FIT
FIND
FLI
FLIN
FLI
FRBEER
FRBID
FRCAST

DREAMT
DREAMED
DRANK
DROVE
DWELLED
DWELLED
ATE
FELL
FED
FELT
FOUGHT
FOUND
FLED
FLUNG
FLEW
FORBORE
FORBADE
FORECAST

DREMT
DRIMD
DRANK
DRUF
DULD
DULD
ET
FEL
FED
FELT
FOT
FUND
FLED
FLAN
FLU
FRBOR
FORBID
FRCAST

DRAWN
Participio
pasado
DREAMT
DREAMED
DRUNK
DRIVEN
DWELLED
DWELT
EATEN
FALLEN
FED
FELT
FOUGHT
FOUND
FLED
FLUNG
FLOWN
FORBORNE
FORBIDDEN
FORECAST

FOREGO

FORGU

FOREWENT

FORWENT

FORESEE
FORETELL
FORGET

FRSII
FORTL
FORGUT

FORESAW
FORETOLD
FORGOT

FRSOO
FORTLD
FORGT

FORGIVE
FORSAKE
FREEZE
GET
GET
GILD
GILD
GIRD
GIRD
GIVE
GO
GRIND
GROW
HANG
HAVE

FORGF
FRSEIK
FRIZ
GUT
GUT
GILD
GILD
GIRD
GIRD
GIF
GU
GRIND
GRU
JEN
JAF

FORGAVE
FORSOOK
FROZE
GOT
GOT
GILDED
GILDED
GIRDED
GIRDED
GAVE
WENT
GROUND
GREW
HUNG
HAD

HAS

JAS

HEAR
HEAVE
HEAVE

JIR
JIF
JIF

DRON
Pronuncia

DIBUJAR
Significado

DREMT
DRIMD
DRNK
DRVEN
DULD
DULT
IT-N
FLEN
FED
FELT
FOT
FUND
FLED
FLAN
FLUN
FRBORN
FORBDEN
FRCAST

SOAR
SOAR
BEBER
CONDUCIR
HABITAR
MORAR
COMER
CAER
ALIMENTAR
SENTIR
LUCHAR
ENCONTRAR
HUIR
ARROJAR
VOLAR
ABSTENER
PROHIBIR

FOREGONE

FORGN
FORSIN
FORTLD
FORGAT-N

FROGIF
FRSOK
FRUZ
GAT
GAT
GLDID
GLDID
GRDID
GRDID
GUIF
UNT
GRUND
GRU
JAN
JAD

FORESEEN
FORETOLD
FORGOTTE
N
FORGIVEN
FORSAKEN
FROZEN
GOT
GOTTEN
GILDED
GILT
GIRDED
GIRT
GIVEN
GONE
GROUND
GROWN
HUNG
HAD

ABSTENER
DE
PREVER
PREDECIR
OLVIDAR

FORGVEN
FRSEIKEN
FRUZEN
GAT
GATN
GLDID
GILT
GRDID
GIRT
GVEN
GON
GRUND
GRUN
JAN
JAD

HAD

JAD

HAD

JAD

HEARD
HOVE
HEAVED

JERD
JOF
JIFT

HEARD
HOVE
HEAVED

JERD
JOF
JIFT

PRONOSTICA
R

PERDONAR
DESAMPARAR

HELAR
OBTENER
OBTENER
DORAR
DORAR
CEIR
CEIR
DAR
IR
MOLER
CRECER
COLGAR
HABER,
TENER
HABER,
TENER

OR
ALZAR
LEVANTAR

4
HEW
HEW
Presente

JU
JU
Pronuncia

HEWED
HEWED
Pretrito

JUT
JUT
Pronuncia

HIDE
HIT
HOLD
HURT
INLAY
KEEP
KNEEL

JID
JIT
JOLD
JERT
NLEI
KIP
NIL

HID
HIT
HELD
HURT
INLAID
KEPT
KNELT

JID
JIT
JELD
JERT
NLEIT
KEPT
NLT

KNIT
KNIT
KNOW
LAY
LEAD
LEAN
LEAN
LEAP
LEAP
LEARN
LEARN
LEAVE
LEND
LET
LIE
LIGHT
LIGHT
LOSE
MAKE
MAY
MEAN
MEET
MISTAKE
MOW
MOW
MUST
OUGHT
PAY
PROVE
PUT
QUIT
READ
REND
RID

NIT
NIT
NU
LEI
LID
LIN
LIN
LIP
LIP
LERN
LERN
LIF
LND
LET
LAI
LIT
LIT
LUS
MIK
MI
MIN
MIT
MISTIK
MU
MU
MST
OT
PI
PRF
PUT
CUT
RID
RND
RD

KNIT
KNITTED
KNEW
LAID
LED
LEANT
LEANED
LEAPT
LEAPED
LEARNED
LEARNT
LEFT
LENT
LET
LAY
LIT
LIGHTED
LOST
MADE
MIGHT
MEANT
MET
MISTOOK
MOWED
MOWED
OUGHT
PAID
PROVED
PUT
QUIT
READ
RENT
RID

NIT
NRIT
NU
LEIT
LT
LINT
LIND
LEPT
LIPT
LERND
LERNT
LFT
LNT
LET
LEI
LT
LIRID
LST
MID
MIT
MENT
MT
MSTOOK
MUT
MUT
OT
PIT
PRFT
PUT
CUT
RED
RNT
RD

HEWED
HEWN
Participio
pasado
HIDDEN
HIT
HELD
HURT
INLAID
KEPT
KNELT
KNIT
KNITTED
KNOWN
LAID
LED
LEANT
LEANED
LEAPT
LEAPED
LEARNED
LEARNT
LEFT
LENT
LET
LAIN
LIT
LIGHTED
LOST
MADE
MEANT
MET
MISTAKEN
MOWED
MOWN
PAID
PROVEN
PUT
QUIT
READ
RENT
RD

JUT
JUN
Pronuncia
JDEN
JIT
JELD
JERT
NLEIT
KEPT
NLT
NIT
NRIT
NUN
LEIT
LT
LINT
LIND
LEPT
LIPT
LERND
LERNT
LFT
LNT
LET
LEIN
LT
LIRID
LST
MID
MENT
MT
MISTIKEN
MUT
MUN
PIT
PRVEN
PUT
CUT
RED
RNT
RID

TAJAR
LABRAR
Significado

ESCONDER
PEGAR
SOSTENER
HERIR
INCRUSTAR
MANTENER
ARRODILLA
R
TEJER
TEJER
SABER
COLOCAR
DIRIGIR
RECOSTAR
RECOSTAR
BRINCAR
BRINCAR
APRENDER
APRENDER
DEJAR, IRSE
PRESTAR
PERMITIR
ACOSTARSE
ENCENDER
ENCENDER
PERDER
HACER
PODER
SIGNIFICAR
REUNIRSE
EQUIVOCAR
SEGAR
SEGAR
DEBER
DEBER
PAGAR
DEMOSTRAR
PONER
RENUNCIAR
LEER
DESGARRAR
DESHACERS
E

5
RID
RIDE
Presente

RD
RID
Pronuncia

RIDDED
RODE
Pretrito

RDID
RUD
Pronuncia

RING
RISE

RIN
RIS

RANG
ROSE

REN
RUS

RUN
SAW
SAW
SAY
SEE
SEEK
SELL
SEND
SET
SEW
SEW
SHAKE
SHALL

RN
SO
SO
SI
SI
SIK
SELL
SND
SET
SU
SU
SHIK
SHL

RAN
SAWED
SAWED
SAID
SAW
SOUGHT
SOLD
SENT
SET
SEWED
SEWED
SHOOK
SHOULD

REN
SOT
SOT
SD
SO
SOOT
SLLD
SNT
SET
SUT
SUT
SHOK
SHUD

SHAVE
SHAVE
SHEAR
SHEAR
SHED
SHINE
SHOE
SHOOT
SHOW
SHOW
SHRED
SHRED
SHRINK
SHRINK
SHUT
SING
SINK
SIT
SLAY
SLEEP
SLIDE
SLING
SLIT
SMELL
SMITE
SOW

SHIF
SHIF
SHIR
SHIR
SHD
SHIN
SHU
SHUT
SHU
SHU
SHRD
SHRD
SHRNK
SHRNK
SHT
SN
SNK
ST
SLI
SLIP
SLID
SLN
SLT
SMLL
SMIT
SO

SHAVED
SHAVED
SHEARED
SHEARED
SHED
SHONE
SHOD
SHOT
SHOWED
SHOWED
SHRED
SHREDDED
SHRANK
SHRUNK
SHUT
SANG
SANK
SAT
SLEW
SLEPT
SLID
SLUNG
SLIT
SMELT
SMOTE
SOWED

SHIFT
SHIFT
SHIFT
SHIFT
SHD
SHN
SHOD
SHT
SHOWT
SHOWT
SHRD
SHRDID
SHRNK
SHRNK
SHT
SN
SNK
ST
SLU
SLPT
SLD
SLN
SLT
SMLT
SMOT
SOT

RIDDED
RIDDEN
Participio
pasado
RUNG
RISEN

RDID
RD - N
Pronuncia
RN
RSEN

DESHACERS
E
MONTAR
Significado

LLAMAR
LEVANTARS
E
RUN
RN
CORRER
SAWED
SOT
ASERRAR
SAWN
SON
ASERRAR
SAID
SD
DECIR
SEEN
SIN
VER
SOUGHT
SOOT
BUSCAR
SOLD
SLLD
VENDER
SENT
SNT
ENVIAR
SET
SET
PONER
SEWED
SUT
COSER
SEWN
SN
COSER
SHAKEN
SHIKEN
SACUDIR
AUX.FUTURO. (I,WE).INDICA MANDATO
(HE)
SHAVED
SHIFT
AFEITAR
SHAVEN
SHIVEN
AFEITAR
SHEARED
SHIFT
TRASQUILAR
SHORN
SHORN
TRASQUILAR
SHED
SHD
ESPARCIR
SHONE
SHN
BRILLAR
SHOD
SHOD
CALZAR
SHOT
SHT
DISPARAR
SHOWED
SHOWT
MOSTRAR
SHOWN
SHON
MOSTRAR
SHRED
SHRD
ESPARCIR
SHREDDED
SHRDID
ESPARCIR
SHRUNK
SHRNK
ENCOGER
SHRUNKEN
SHRNKEN
ENCOGER
SHUT
SHT
CERRAR
SUNG
SAN
CANTAR
SUNK
SANK
HUNDIR
SAT
ST
SENTAR
SLAIN
SLIN
MASACRAR
SLEPT
SLPT
DORMIR
SLID
SLD
DESLIZAR
SLUNG
SLN
TIRAR
SLIT
SLT
RAJAR
SMELT
SMLT
OLER
SMITTEN
SMIT -N
AFLIGIR
SOWED
SOT
SEMBRAR

6
SOW
SPEAK
Presente

SO
SPIK
Pronuncia

SOWED
SPOKE
Pretrito

SOT
SPUK
Pronuncia

SPEED
SPEED
SPELL
SPELL
SPEND
SPILL
SPIN
SPIT
SPLIT
SPOIL
SPREAD
SPRING
STAND

SPID
SPID
SPLL
SPLL
SPND
SPLL
SPN
SPT
SPLT
SPIL
SPRED
SPRN
STND

SPED
SPEEDED
SPELLED
SPELT
SPENT
SPILT
SPUN
SPAT
SPLIT
SPOILT
SPREAD
SPRANG
STOOD

SPD
SPIDID
SPLED
SPLT
SPNT
SPLT
SPN
SPT
SPLT
SPILT
SPRED
SPRN
STUD

SOWN
SPOKEN
Participio
pasado
SPED
SPEEDED
SPELLED
SPELT
SPENT
SPILT
SPUN
SPAT
SPLIT
SPOILT
SPREAD
SPRUNG
STOOD

STEAL
STICK
STING
STINK
STRIDE

STIL
STCK
STN
STNK
STRID

STOLE
STUCK
STUNG
STANK
STRODE

STL
STCK
STN
STNK
STRUD

STRIKE
STRIKE
STRING
STRIVE
SWEAR
SWEEP
SWELL
SWELL
SWIM
SWING

STRIK
STRIK
STRN
STRIF
SEER
SUIP
SULL
SULL
SUM
SUN

STRUCK
STRUCK
STRUNG
STROVE
SWORE
SWEPT
SWELLED
SWELLED
SWAM
SWUNG

TAKE
TEACH
TEAR
TELL
THINK
THROW
THRUST
TREAD

TIK
TIK
TIR
TL
ZNK
ZRU
ZRST
TRED

UNDERSTAN
D

UNDO
UNHOLD
UPSET
WAKE

SON
SPUKEN
Pronuncia

SEMBRAR
HABLAR
Significado

SPD
SPIDID
SPLED
SPLT
SPNT
SPLT
SPN
SPT
SPLT
SPILT
SPRED
SPRN
STUD

ACELERAR
ACELERAR
DELETREAR
DELETREAR
GASTAR
DERRAMAR
GIRAR
ESCUPIR
PARTIR
ESTROPEAR
EXTENDER
BROTAR

STOLEN
STUCK
STUNG
STUNK
STRIDDEN

STLEN
STCK
STN
STANK
STRID-N

ROBAR
ADHERIR(SE)
PICAR
APESTAR

STRK
STRK
STRN
STRUF
SUR
SUPT
SULLD
SULLD
SUM
SUN

STRUCK
STRICKEN
STRUNG
STRIVEN
SWORN
SWEPT
SWELLED
SWOLLEN
SWUM
SWUNG

STRK
STRKEN
STRN
STRVEN
SURN
SUPT
SULLD
SULEN
SUM
SUN

GOLPEAR
GOLPEAR
ENSARTAR
FORCEJEAR
JURAR
BARRER
HINCHAR
HINCHAR
NADAR

TOOK
TAUGHT
TORE
TOLD
THOUGHT
THREW
THRUST
TROD

TUK
TOT
TOR
TLD
ZOT
ZRU
ZRST
TRAD

TAKEN
TAUGHT
TORN
TOLD
THOUGHT
THROWN
THRUST
TRODDEN

TIKEN
TOT
TORN
TLD
ZOT
ZRUN
ZRST
TROD-N

ANDERSTAN
D

UNDERSTOO
D

ANDERSTD

UNDERSTOO
D

ANDERSTD

TOMAR
ENSEAR
RASGAR
DECIR
PENSAR
LANZAR
ENCAJAR
PISOTEAR
ENTENDER

AND
ANJLD
PSET
UIK

UNDID
UNHELD
UPSET
WOKE

ANDD
ANJLD
PSET
UUK

UNDONE
UNHELD
UPSET
WOKEN

ANDN
ANJLD
PSET
UUKEN

DESHACER
SOSTENER
VOLCAR
DESPERTAR

COLOCAR
VERTICAL

DAR
ZANCADAS

BALANCEARS
E

7
WAKE
Presente

UIK
Pronuncia

WAKED
Pretrito

UIKT
Pronuncia

WAKED
Participio
pasado
WORN

UIKT
Pronuncia

DESPERTAR

URN

LLEVAR,
USAR

Significado

WEAR

UER

WORE

UR

WEAVE
WEEP
WET
WET
WILL

UIF
UIP
UT
UT
ULL

WOVE
WEPT
WET
WETTED
WOULD

UUF
UPT
UT
UT-ID
UD

WOVEN
WEPT
WET
WETTED
-

UUVEN
UPT
UT
UT-ID
-

WIN
WIND
WITHDRAW

UN
UND
UZDRO

WON
WOUND
WITHDREW

UN
UND
UZDRU

UN
UND
UZDRON

WITHHOLD
WITHSTAN
D
WRING
WRITE
.

UZJOLD
UZSTND

WITHHELD
WITHSTOO
D
WRUNG
WROTE
.

UZJELD
UZSTUD

WON
WOUND
WITHDRAW
N
WITHHELD
WITHSTOOD

UZJELD
UZSTUD

TEJER
LLORAR
MOJAR
MOJAR
AUX.
FUTURO
GANAR
ENROLLAR
RETIRAR ($$
$)
RETENER
RESISTIR

RN
RUT
.

WRUNG
WRITTEN
.

RN
RT -N
.

TORCER
ESCRIBIR
.

RN
RIT
.