Terminado Mauro01

1
ALUMNO : VELARDE VILCA MAURO

2

3

05
4 ALUMNO : VELARDE VILCA MAURO

5
06

6
07
𝑑𝑢 (𝑢 + 1) 𝑡 + 1
=
𝑑𝑡 (𝑢 + 2)(𝑡 − 1)
Cambio de variable: solución
𝑢+2 𝑡+1
→ u+1 = m → dm=du 𝑑𝑢 = dt
𝑢+1 (𝑡−1)
𝑚+1 𝑛+2
→ u+2 = m+1 𝑑𝑚 = dn
𝑚 𝑛
𝑚 1 𝑛 2
t – 1=n → dt =dn ⨜ ( + ) 𝑑𝑚 = ⨜( + )dn
𝑚 𝑚 𝑛 𝑛
1 2
t+1 = n+2 ⨜1+ 𝑑𝑚 = ⨜(1+ ) dn
𝑚 𝑛
Reemplazando…. m+ In (m) = n+2 In (n) +c
Reemplazando….
→ u+1+In (u+1) = t-1+2In (t-1)+c …………………….Rpta

7
08
𝑑𝑢 𝑡𝑢 + 𝑢 + 3𝑡 + 3
=
𝑑𝑡 𝑡𝑢 + 2𝑢 − 𝑡 − 2
SOLUCION:
𝑑𝑡 𝑡 𝑢+3 +𝑢+3 𝑡+1 (𝑢+3)
𝑑𝑢
=𝑡
𝑢−1 +2(𝑢−1)
= 𝑡+2 (𝑢−1)
𝑡+2 𝑢+3
→ dt = 𝑑𝑢
𝑡+1 𝑢−1
CAMBIO DE VARIABLE:
t+1 =m → dm= dt
t+2 = m+1…..(1)
u-1 =n → dn =du
u+3 =n+4……..reemplazando en E.C.D.
𝑚+1 𝑛+4
⨜ 𝑚 dm =⨜ 𝑛 dn
m + In (m) =n+4 In (n)+c
t+1+In(t+1) = u-1+4 In (u-1) +c……………………Rpta

8
09
2 2 2 2 2
𝑥 𝑦´ = 1 − 𝑥 + 𝑦 − 𝑥 𝑦
SOLUCION:
𝑑𝑦
𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 = 1- 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 - 𝑥 2 𝑦 2
= 1 −𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 (1- 𝑥 2 )
𝑑𝑦
𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 = (1- 𝑥 2 ) (1 + 𝑦 2 )
FORMULA….:
𝑑𝑢 1 𝑢
⨜𝑢2+𝑎2 = 𝑎 𝑡𝑔−1( 𝑎) +c
INTEGRANDO:
1 1 𝑥2
⨜ 1+𝑦2 𝑑𝑦 = ⨜( 𝑥 2 - 𝑥 2 ) +dx
INTEGRANDO SE TIENE :
1
1 𝑡𝑔−1 (y) = - 3𝑥 3 -x +c………………………………….Rpta

9
10
xy´- y = 2𝑥 𝑦 2
SOLUCION :
𝑑𝑦
X= -y = 2𝑥 2 y
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
→ x= = 2𝑥 2 y + y =(2𝑥 2 +1)
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
→ x 𝑑𝑥 = (2𝑥 2 +1) y
𝑑𝑦 (2𝑥 2 +1)
→ ⨜ 𝑦 =⨜ 𝑥
dx
→ In y =𝑥 2 +In x +c…………………Rpta
NOTA…
2𝑥 2 +1 1
𝑥
= 2X + 𝑥

10
11 𝑑𝑥
4tx = 𝑥2 + 1
𝑑𝑡
SOLUCION:
𝑥 𝑑𝑡
→ dx =
(𝑥 2 +1) 4𝑡
CAMBIO DE VARIABLE :
→ 𝑥 2 + 1 = u → du = 2xdx
𝑑𝑢
→ =x dx → Reemplazando :
2
𝑑𝑢 1 𝑑𝑡
⨜ = ⨜
2𝑢 4 𝑡
REEMPLAZANDO :
1 1
In u 4 In t + c
2
→ 2 In(𝑥 2 +1) = In t + c…………………Rpta
11
12
𝑑𝑦 𝑥
SOLUCION : (𝑦 𝑖𝑛 𝑥)−1 =( )2
→
𝐼 𝑑𝑦
=
𝑥2 𝑑𝑥 𝑦+1
𝑦 𝐼𝑛 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 (𝑦+1)2
INTEGRANDO :
(𝑦+1)2
⨜ 𝑦
dy =⨜ 𝑥 2 . In(x) dx
𝑦2 2𝑦 1
⨜( + + ) d y =⨜ 𝑥 2 . In(x) dx…………Integrando por parte
𝑦 𝑦 𝑦
⨜udv=u.v-⨜v.du
→ u= Inx → du = 1dx………….(1)
⨜ dv = ⨜ 𝑥 2 dx
𝑥3
v= 3
……………………..(2)
INTEGRANDO :
𝑥3 𝑥3 1
𝑦 2 +2y +In y = 3
. In x -⨜ 3 . 𝑥 dx
𝑥3 1
𝑦 2 +2y +In y = 3
.In x - 3
⨜ 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
𝑥 3 1 𝑥3
𝑦 2 +2y +In y = 3
.In x- . +c………………………………..Rpta
3 3 ALUMNO : VELARDE VILCA MAURO
12
13
𝑑θ
=(cos t)(cos2 θ-𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 θ)
𝑑𝑡
SOLUCION : POR
IDENTIFICACION :
→ COS 2θ = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 θ
- 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 θ
→ COS 2θ - 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 θ - 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 θ
𝑑θ
= cos(t)dt
COS (2θ)−𝑐𝑜𝑠2θ
𝑑θ
→ 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 θ = cos t dt → -⨜ 𝑐𝑠𝑐 2 θ dθ = ⨜ cos t dt
INTEGRANDO :
-(-ctg θ) sin(t) +c → ctg θ = sin(t) +c …………..Rpta

13
14
𝑑𝑦
=𝑒 −2𝑡+3𝑦
𝑑𝑡
SOLUCION :
𝑑𝑦
=𝑒 −2𝑡 𝑒 3𝑦
𝑑𝑡
→ ⨜𝑒 −3𝑦
dy =⨜ 𝑒 −2𝑡 dt
CAMBIO DE VARIABLE..
-3y=m → dm =-3dy
-2t =n → dn =-2dt
𝑒𝑚 𝑒𝑛
→ ⨜ −3 dm =⨜ −2 dn
1 1
- 3 𝑒𝑚 = - 2 𝑒𝑛 + 𝑐
1 1
→ - 3 𝑒 −3𝑦 = - 2 𝑒 −2𝑡 +c……………………………..Rpta

14
15 𝑑𝑦
+ yx𝑒 𝑥+2
𝑑𝑥
SOLUCION :
𝑑𝑦
= yx𝑒 𝑥+2 -y
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑦
→ = y(x 𝑒 𝑥+2 -1)
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
→ = y(x 𝑒 𝑥+2 -1)dx →⨜ = ⨜x 𝑒 𝑥+2 dx -
𝑦 𝑦
⨜ 1dx
→In y = x. 𝑒 𝑥+2 - ⨜ 𝑒 𝑥+2 dx –x+c
→In y =x. 𝑒 𝑥+2 -𝑒 𝑥+2 -
x+c………………………RptaALUMNO : VELARDE VILCA MAURO
15
16
SOLUCION: 𝑒 𝑥 y dy –(𝑒 −𝑦 + 𝑒 2𝑥−𝑦 )𝑑𝑥 = 0

𝑒 y dy –(𝑒 −𝑦 + 𝑒 2𝑥 . 𝑒 −𝑦 )𝑑𝑥 = 0
𝑥
→ 𝑒 𝑥 y dy -𝑒 −𝑦 (1 + 𝑒 2𝑥 )dx=0
→ y𝑒 𝑦 dy =(1+𝑒 2𝑥 ) 𝑒 −𝑥 dx
INTEGRANDO :
⨜ y𝑒 𝑦 dy = ⨜ (𝑒 −𝑥 +𝑒 𝑥 ) dx
Y 𝑒 𝑦 -𝑒 𝑦 =-𝑒 −𝑥 + 𝑒 𝑥 +c
→ y𝑒 𝑦 -𝑒 𝑦 =𝑒 𝑥 - 𝑒 −𝑥 +c……………..Rpta

16
17
SOLUCION : 2t𝑥 2 +2t+(𝑡 4 +1) 𝑥 ´ =0 con x(0) =1
𝑑𝑦
→ 2𝑥 2 𝑡+2t+(𝑡 4 +1) 𝑑𝑥 =0
𝑑𝑦
→ (2𝑥 2 +2) t +(𝑡 4 +1) 𝑑𝑥 =0
𝑑𝑥 −𝑡
→ ⨜2𝑥 2+2 =⨜ dt CAMBIO DE VARIABLE
𝑡 4 +1
𝑡 2 =u → du =2t dt
𝑑𝑢
tdt = 2
1 𝑡𝑑𝑡
→ │1𝑡𝑔−1 (x) │ = - ⨜
2 (𝑡 4 +1)
1 𝑑𝑢
𝑡𝑔−1 (x) = -⨜ 2(𝑢2+1) DE LA CONDICION..
2
1 1
𝑡𝑔−1 (x) = - 2 𝑡𝑔−1 (u)+c x =0
2
𝑡𝑔−1 (x)=2c - 𝑡𝑔−1 (𝑡 2 )……..Rpta 𝑡𝑔−1 (1)+ 𝑡𝑔−1 (02 ) =2c
→ c= 22.5
17
18
2𝑟−1 𝑟−2𝑟 2
SOLUCION : dr+ 2 dt =0 con r(2)=4
𝑡 𝑡 −1
2𝑟−1 𝑡 2𝑟−1 𝑡
dr =- dt → dr = - dt
𝑟−2𝑟 2 𝑡 2 −1 −𝑟(2𝑟−1) 𝑡 2 −1
1 𝑡
→ ⨜ - dr = ⨜ - dt u=𝑡 2 − 1 → du =2tdt
𝑟 𝑡 2 −1
NOTA: condición mínima
𝑑𝑢
→ In r = ⨜ → 2 In r = In u +In c t=2 → r=4
2𝑢
→ 2 In r = In u.c 16/3 = c
→ 𝑟 2 =u.c
→ 𝑟 2 = (𝑡 2 -1) c……..Rpta

18
19
1 1
FORMULA : 2 dx+ 2 dy =0
(𝑦−1) √𝑥 +4
𝑢 𝑎2
√𝑢2 +𝑎2 du = √𝑢2 +𝑎2 + .In [u+ √𝑢2 +𝑎2 ]+c
2 2
SOLUCION :
(𝑦 − 1)2 dy = -√𝑥 2 +4 dx
⨜ (𝑦 2 -2y +1) dy =- ⨜ (√𝑥 2 +4) dx
𝑦3 𝑥 4
-𝑦 +y = - √𝑥 +2 + .In [x+ √𝑥 2 +4]
2 2 2
3 2 2
+c………………Rpta
19
20
𝑑𝑇
=k(T-T1). Con T(0) =T0 ,T1 constantes
𝑑𝑡
SOLUCION :
𝑑𝑇
= k (T-T1)
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑇 1 𝑑𝑇
→ ⨜ = ⨜ dt → ⨜ = ⨜ dt
k (T−T1) 𝑘 k (T−T1)
1
→ In (T−T1) = t + c
𝑘
1 1
→ In (T−T1) = t +c → c= In (T−T1)
𝑘 𝑘
1 1
→ In (T−T1) = t+ In (T0 –T1)
𝑘 𝑘
→ In (T-T1 ) = kt +In (T0 –T1) ………………Rpta
20
ECUACIONES DIFERENCIALES
HOMOGENEAS

21
1
→M(tx,ty) = tM(x,y)
→N(tx,ty) = tN(x,y) xdx +(y-2x) dy =0
SOLUCION :
y = ux → dy= udx+xdu
→ xdx+ (ux-2x)(udx + xdu)=0
Xdx +xud(u-2)+𝑥 2 (u-2)du =0
Xdx (1+u(u-2)) =-𝑥 2 (u-2) du
𝑥𝑑𝑥 𝑢−2 𝑑𝑥 𝑢−2
=𝑥= du →-⨜ =⨜ du
𝑥2 1+𝑢(𝑢−2) 𝑥 (𝑢−1)2
𝑢−2
⨜ (𝑢−1)2du → → CAMBIO DE VARIABLE…
u-1 =k
dk=du
→u-2 = k-1
𝑘 1 1
→ - Inx = ⨜ (𝑘 2 − ) dk → -Inx =ink + 3𝑘 3 +c
𝑘2
→ In x +In(u-1) + 3(𝑢−1)2
+c=0…………………………..Rpta
22
2
→ES HOMOGENIA → y=u.x
→r=u.t 2(-t+r) dt +(7t-4r)dr =0
dr =t du+u dt
SOLUCION :
→ (-t +ut) dt + (7t-4 ut) (tdu + udt) =0
→ (u-1) tdt +t(7-4 u) (tdu + udt) =0
→[ (u-1) +u (7-4u) ] tdt +𝑡 2 (7-4u) ud =0
𝑡 7−4𝑢
-𝑡 2 dt = [ 𝑢−1 +𝑢 7−4𝑢 ]
du
𝑑𝑡 7−4𝑢
→- = du
𝑡 −4(𝑢+1)2 −5
𝑑𝑡 4𝑢−7
- = - 4(𝑢+1)2+5du REEMPLAZANDO :
𝑡
→ u+1 =k →dk=du
→ -4+4k==4u

23
𝑑𝑡 4𝐾−11 4𝐾−𝑑𝑘 11
- =- 𝑑𝑘 = - dk
𝑡 4𝐾2 +5 4𝐾2 +5 4𝐾2 +5
SABIENDO QUE:
- 4𝐾 2 +5=m
→ dm=8kdk
𝑑𝑚
→ 4kdk = 2
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑚 1 𝑟
- ⨜ = ⨜ 2𝑚 - ⨜ dk r=ut →u=
𝑡 (2𝐾)2 + 52 𝑡
1 11 2𝑘
-In t = 2 In(m) - 𝑡𝑔−1 ( 5) +c
5
1 2(𝑢+1) 11
In t + 2 In (4𝐾 2 + 5) - 𝑡𝑔−1 (
)+c =0
5 5
1 11 2
→ In(t) + 2 In[4(𝑢 + 1)2 +5] - 5 𝑡𝑔−1 [ 5 (u+1) ] +c=0
1 𝑘 11 2 𝑘
In(t) +2 In[ 4( 𝑡 +1)2 +5] - 5 𝑡𝑔−1 [ 5 (( 𝑡 +1) ] +c=0…..Rpta

24
3
 → y=xu
→dy= udx+xdu (2x-y)dx + (-3x+5y) dy =0
SOLUCION :
→(2x-xu)dx + (5xu-3x) dy =0
x(2-u) dx +x(5u-3) dy=0
→ (2-u)dx +(5u-3) dy =0 → (2-u)dx+ (5u-3)(udx+xdu)
→ (2-u)dx+u (5u-3) dx +x (5u-3)du =0
→[ 2-u+u(5u-3)]dx +x(5u-3)du=0
𝑑𝑥 5𝑢−3
→ + 2−𝑢+𝑢(5𝑢−3)du =0 COMPLETANDO CUADRADOS
𝑥
5𝑢2 -4u+2
2 4 2∗5
→ 𝑢2 -2(5) + 25-5∗5
2 16
(u− )2 + =0
5 25

25
INTEGRANDO :
𝑑𝑥 5𝑢 3
⨜ +⨜ -⨜ =0
𝑥 5𝑢2 −4𝑢+2 5𝑢2 −4𝑢+2
1 4 2 1 −1 51 41
In x + In │ 𝑢 - u + │ -
2
𝑡𝑔 ( u- +c
2 5 5 5 25 50
=0………………………….Rpta

26
4
xy dx + (𝑥 2 - 𝑦 2 ) dy =0
HOMOGENIA: y = ux
dy = x du +u dx
SOLUCION :
𝑥 2 𝑢 dx +(𝑥 2 -𝑥 2 𝑢2 ) dy =0
𝑥2 1−𝑢2
dx + ( 𝑢 ) x du +udx =0
𝑥2
1−𝑢2
→ dx +( 𝑢 ) (x du+u dx) =0
1 1−𝑢2
dx + x (𝑢 - +u) du +udx ( 𝑢 )=0
𝑑𝑥 1 𝑑𝑥
+( -u) du + (1 − 𝑢2 ) =0
𝑥 4 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 1
(1+1-𝑢 2
) + ( -u ) du=0
𝑥 𝑢
𝑑𝑥 1−𝑢2
⨜ +⨜ du =0
𝑥 𝑢(1−𝑢2 )

27
1 𝑢
In x+ ⨜ du - ⨜ du =0
𝑢(2−𝑢2 ) 2−𝑢2
2 2𝑢 𝑑𝑚
In x+ ⨜ ( )du +⨜ =0
𝑢 (𝑢2 −2) 2𝑚
𝐼𝑛 𝑢 𝐼𝑛(𝑥 2 −2) 1
In x + - + In m + c =0
2 4 2
𝐼𝑛 𝑢 𝐼𝑛(𝑥 2 −2) 1
In x + - + in (2- 𝑢2 )+ c =
2 4 2
0……………….Rpta

28
5
𝑑𝑦
SOLUCION :
x -y = 𝑥2 + 𝑦2
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
x 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 → homogenia y= ux dy = udx +xdu
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
→ x 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑢𝑥 2 +ux → x 𝑑𝑥 = x ( 1 + 𝑢 +u)
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑢
→ 𝑑𝑥 = 1 + 𝑢 +u → → → ⨜ = ⨜ dx
1+𝑢+𝑢
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑘
⨜ = ⨜ dx → → usando …. ⨜ = In k+c
1+𝑢+𝑢 𝑘
1 1 1
→ In [ 2 𝑢 + 1- ( 5+1) (2 𝑢 + 1 +1)] ( 5+1) –In [2 𝑢 + 1 + ( −1)
5
1
(2 𝑢 + 1+1)] 5 −1= x +c……………….Rpta

29
06
𝑑𝑦 1 𝑥 𝑦
SOLUCION: = ( + )
𝑥 𝑦 𝑑𝑥 2 𝑦 𝑥
2dy =( + ) dy
𝑦 𝑥
𝑥 2 +𝑦 2
→ 2dy = dx → 2xydy =𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 dx → y=ux
𝑥𝑦
→ dy = xdu +udx
2𝑥 2 𝑢𝑑𝑦 = 𝑥 2 (1+𝑢2 )dx
2udy = ( 1+𝑢2 ) dx → 2u xdu +2𝑢2 dx = 1+𝑢2 dx
2𝑢 𝑑𝑥
→ 2uxdu +(𝑢2 -1) dx =0 → ⨜ +⨜ =0
𝑢2 −1 𝑥
→ In (u-1) + In(u+1) +In x + In c =0
→ In(𝑢2 -1) +In (x c) =0
→ y =ux
𝑢2 -1 = -xc
→ 𝑦 = - 𝑥 c + 𝑥 ………………………Rpta
2 3 2
30
07
xy dy = (𝑦 2 -xy+ 𝑥 2 ) dx
HOMOGENIA : y = ux
dy =udx +xdu
𝑥 2 u dy =(𝑥 2 𝑢2 - 𝑥 2 u +𝑥 2 ) dx
𝑢𝑑𝑦
= dx
(𝑢2 −𝑢+1)
𝑢2 𝑑𝑥 𝑢 𝑥𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥 𝑢2 𝑢 𝑥𝑑𝑢
dx = + → (- ) =
𝑢2 −𝑢+1 𝑢2 −𝑢+1 𝑥 𝑢2 −𝑢+1 𝑢2 −𝑢+1
𝑑𝑥 (1−𝑢) 𝑢
= du
𝑥 𝑢2 −𝑢+1 𝑢2 −𝑢+1
𝑑𝑥 𝑢
⨜ 𝑥 = ⨜ 1−𝑢 du
In x + In c = -u – In (1-u)
𝑦
In( x-c) = -u – In (1 - ) ………………………..Rpta
𝑥

31
08
(𝑥 2 +𝑦 2 ) y´ +xy =0
𝑑𝑦
→ (𝑥 2 +𝑦 2 ) 𝑑𝑥 +xy =0 →homogénea y = ux
→ 𝑥 2 (1+𝑢2 ) dy + 𝑥 2 udx =0 dy = xdu +udx
(1+𝑢2 ) (xdu +udx) +udx =0
X(1+𝑢2 ) du + u (1+𝑢2 ) dx +udx =0
(1+𝑢2 ) du +[u (1+𝑢2 ) + u] dx =0
𝑑𝑥 1+𝑢2 𝑑𝑥 1+𝑢2
+ du =0 →⨜ + ⨜ 𝑢3+2𝑢 du =0
𝑥 [u (1+𝑢2) + u] 𝑥
In 𝑢2+2 𝐼𝑛 𝑢
In x + + = -c
4 2
In (𝑢2+2) In(u)
→ In x + + -c =0…………………………Rpta
4 2

32
09
(𝑦 2 +3xy) dx =(4𝑥 2 +xy)dy
POR SER HOMOGENEA …………………. y = ux
dy = udx + xdu
SOLUCION :
𝑥 2 (𝑢2 +3u) dx (4 + y) 𝑥 2 dy
𝑢2 +3𝑢 𝑢𝑑𝑥 𝑥𝑑𝑢 𝑢2 +3𝑢 −4𝑢 −𝑢2 𝑥𝑑𝑢
( )= + → ( )=
4+u dx dx 4+u dx
−𝑢 𝑥𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥 4+𝑢
= → -⨜ =⨜
4+u dx x u du → -In x = 4 Inu +u +c
𝑦 𝑦
→ In x + 4 In ( ) +( ) +c =0………………………….Rpta
x x

33
10
2 𝑥 2 𝑦
xy´ se𝑛 ( ) = x + y se𝑛 ( )
y x
𝑑𝑦 𝑥 𝑦
→x se𝑛2 (y ) = x + y se𝑛2 (x )
dx
→ y =ux → dy = xdu +udx
𝑑𝑦
x . se𝑛2 (u) = x + ux se𝑛2 u
dx
𝑑𝑦
X (x + u ) se𝑛2 u = x + ux . se𝑛2 u
dx
𝑑𝑢
(𝑥 2 + u x ) se𝑛2 u = x + ux . se𝑛2 u
dx
𝑑𝑢
→ 𝑥 2 . se𝑛2 u - ux se𝑛2 u = x+ ux se𝑛2 u
dx
𝑑𝑢
→ 𝑥 2 se𝑛2 u = x +u x se𝑛2 u
dx
𝑑𝑢
x se𝑛2 u = (1 + u se𝑛2 u )
dx
se𝑛2 u
In (x) = ⨜ ………………………………Rpta
(u 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 u +1)
34
11
(𝑥 2 - 8 xy -4𝑦 2 ) dy= (𝑥 2 - 2xy -4𝑦 2 ) dx
HOMOGENEA:
→ y =ux →dy = udx + xdu
(𝑥 2 - 8 𝑥 2 u- 4𝑢2 𝑥 2 ) dy = (𝑥 2 +2𝑥 2 u - 4𝑢2 𝑥 2 ) dx
𝑥 2 (1- 8u - 4𝑢2 ) dy = 𝑥 2 ( 1 + 2u - 4𝑢2 ) dx
(1- 8u - 4𝑢2 )(udx + xdu) = ( 1 + 2u - 4𝑢2 ) dx
Udx - 8𝑢2 dx -4 𝑢3 dx + xdu – 8xudu – 4x 𝑢2 du = (1+2u -4 𝑢2 )dx
(u- 8𝑢2 - 4𝑢3 ) dx + x (1- 8u - 4𝑢2 ) du = (1+2u -4 𝑢2 ) dx
X(1- 8u - 4𝑢2 ) du = (1+2u -4 𝑢2 - u + 8𝑢2 +4𝑢3 ) dx
X(1- 8u - 4𝑢2 )du = (1+u+4𝑢2 +4𝑢3 )dx
1−8𝑢−4𝑢2 𝑑𝑥
→⨜ du = ⨜ x
1+u 4𝑢2 +4𝑢3
1
In (u+1) – In(𝑢2 + 4) = In x + Inc
4𝑢+4 4𝑢+4 𝑦
In (4𝑢2 +1) = In (x.c) → 4𝑢2 +1 = x.c : con u= x
𝑦
4 (x)+4
→ =x.c ……………………………….RptaALUMNO : VELARDE VILCA MAURO
4 (x𝑦 )+1
35
12 𝑑𝑦
x𝑦 2 = 𝑦 3 -𝑥 3 ; con la condición y(1) =2
d𝑥
𝑑𝑦
x𝑦 2
d𝑥 = 𝑦 3 -𝑥 3
𝑑𝑦
𝑥 3 𝑢2 = 𝑢3 𝑥 3 - 𝑥 3
d𝑥
𝑢2
dy = dx
𝑢3 −1
→ es homogénea :
Y =ux además dy = udx + xdu.
𝑢2
( udx + xdu) =dx
𝑢3 −1
𝑢3 𝑢2
dx + x du =dx
𝑢3 −1 𝑢3 −1
𝑥 𝑢2 𝑢3 −1 −𝑢3
du = ( 3 ) dx
(𝑢3 −1) 𝑢 −1

36
𝑥 𝑢2 −1 −1
→ du = dx → ⨜ 𝑢2 du = ⨜
(𝑢3 −1) (𝑢3 −1) x
𝑢3
dx → = In 𝑥 −1 + c
3
𝑢3 𝑦
→
3 = In 𝑥 −1 +c …………….si u =
x
Condición :
y=2 y x=1
1 1
+ In 1 = c → c=
3∗8 24 + In 1
REEMPLAZANDO LA CONSTANTE ``C´´
𝑦3
= In 𝑥 −1 + c…………………….Rpta
3𝑥 3

37
13
𝑦 𝑦
Xy´ arctan ( ) + x = y arctan ( )
x x
→ y = ux
→ dy = xdu +udx
X . 𝑡𝑔−1 (u) dy = (xu 𝑡𝑔−1 (u) –x) dx
𝑡𝑔−1 (u) (xdu +udx) = ( u 𝑡𝑔−1 (u) -1)
dx
x 𝑡𝑔−1 (u) du = ( u 𝑡𝑔−1 (u) -1) dx
𝑡𝑔−1 (u) du 𝑑𝑥
=
( u 𝑡𝑔−1 (u) −1−𝑢) x
𝑎𝑡𝑔 𝑢 𝑑𝑢
→ In x = ⨜ ……Rpta
(𝑢 .𝑎𝑡𝑔 𝑢 −1 −𝑢)

38
14
y dx + x(In x – In y – 1) dy = 0 con y (1) = e
y dx + x(In x – In y – 1) dy = 0 → y = ux
dy = udx + xdu
ux dx +x [ In x – In (ux) - 1] dy = 0
u dx + [ In x – In (ux) - 1] ( udx +xdu) = 0
Udx +u In x dx – u In (ux) dx –udx +x In xdu –x In (ux) du – xdu =0
(u + u In x –u In (ux) – u) dx + (x In x – x In (ux) – x) du =0
→ (u In x –u In u- u Inx) dx + (x In x – x In u –x In x – x) du =0
-u In u dx + x ( In u –u ) du =0
𝑑𝑥 𝐼𝑛 𝑢+1 𝑑𝑥 𝐼𝑛 𝑢 1
+( ) du = 0 →⨜ +⨜ du + ⨜
x u x u u du = 0
𝐼𝑛
In x + 2 𝑢2 + In u + c =0
𝑦 𝑦
In x + In ( ) + in ( ) + c = 0……………Rpta
x x
39
15 𝑦 −x
𝑦
yx ( ) + 𝑦2 𝑒 = 𝑥2
x
ES HOMOGENEA : SI y = ux
dy = xdu +udx
1
−u
u 𝑥2 dx = 𝑥2 (1- 𝑢2 𝑒 ) dy
1
−u
udx = (1 - 𝑢2 𝑒 ) (xdu +udx)
1 1
−u −u
= xdu - x𝑢2 𝑒 du + (1 - 𝑢2 𝑒 ) udx
1 1
−u −u
udx = xdu - x𝑢2 𝑒 du + udx - 𝑢3 𝑒 dx
1 1
−u −u
𝑢3 𝑒 dx = x (1 - 𝑢2 𝑒 ) du
1 1
𝑑𝑥 1 − 𝑢2 𝑒
−
u 𝑒u 1
x = 𝑢3 𝑒
−
1
u
du = ( 3
𝑢
-
u ) du
40
1
𝑑𝑥 𝑒u 𝑑𝑢
⨜ x =⨜ 𝑢3
du - ⨜
u
𝑦
COMO : u=
x
1
𝑒 u ( 𝑢 −𝐼𝑛 𝑒)
In x = - In u
u In(𝑒 2 )
𝑥
𝑦𝑒 y (y −𝐼𝑛 𝑒)
𝑥
In x + c = ……………………………Rpta
𝑥 𝐼𝑛 (𝑒 3 )

41
16
xy´(In y-Inx) +x =y(Iny-Inx)
𝑑𝑦
X (In y - Inx) = y(Iny - Inx) –x
𝑑𝑥
X (In y - Inx) dy = [ y (In y - Inx) -x] dx
x[ in(u.x) – In x ] dy =[ u x ( In(u.x) –In x )- x] dx
( In u +In x –In x ) dy = [ u (In u +In x – In x) -1 ] dx
In u dy = u In y – 1) dx
SABIENDO QUE : y = ux
dy = udx +xdu
→ In u (udx +xdu) = (u In u -1) dx
U In u dx + x Inu du= (u In u -1 ) dx
u Inu dx + x Inu du = u In udx –dx
X In udu = - dx
𝑑𝑥
Integrando : ⨜ In udu = ⨜ - 𝑥
u In u –u = -In x +Inc
𝑦 𝑦 𝑦
In ( 𝑥 ) - 𝑥 = In (c.
𝑥
𝑥 −1 )…………………..Rpta
42
17
(x+3y) dy = (x-y) dx con …y…(1) =0
(x+3y) dy = (x-y)dx
→ y =xu
dy = xdu +udx
X (1+3u) dy =x (1-u) dx
(1-3u) (udx+ xdu) = 1-udx
1 udx +3𝑢2 dx +xdu +3 uxdu = (1-u) dx
X(1+3u) du =(1-u-u- 3𝑢2 ) dx
1−3𝑢 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥 1 3𝑢 𝑑𝑥
= →⨜ du - ⨜ du = ⨜ x
(1−2u−3 𝑢2 ) x 1−2u−3 𝑢2 1−2u−3 𝑢2
3𝑢 1 1
𝑎𝑟𝑐𝑡𝑔𝑛( + ) 𝐼𝑛 (𝑢− )
2 2 - −3 𝐼𝑛(𝑢+1)
- 3 = In x +c
2 4 4
𝑦
Como : u = x
3𝑦 1 𝑦 𝑦 1
→ 2arctgn (2x + 2 ) 3 In (x) +1 ) + In (x - 3) =4 Inx +4c……Rpta

43
18 𝑦
xy´+x𝑒 x = y con …y..(1)=0
𝑦 𝑦
𝑑𝑦
xy´+x𝑒 x = y → x = ( y - x𝑒 x )
𝑑x
𝑦
→ xdy = (y - x𝑒 x ) dx → haciendo y=ux
dy = xdu+udx
X(xdu +udx) =x(u- 𝑒 𝑢 )dx
xdu +udx = udx - 𝑒 𝑢 dx
xdu = - 𝑒 𝑢 dx
𝑑𝑢 1 𝑑𝑥 1
→⨜ = ⨜- →- =- Inx +Inc
𝑒𝑢 𝑥 𝑒 𝑢 𝐼𝑛𝑐
Inx – Inc = 𝑦
1
𝐼𝑛 𝑐
…………………Rpta
𝑒𝑥

44
19
(x-y) dy = (x+y)dx con y(-1) =0
→ y =ux
dy= udx +xdu
Entonces: x(1-u) (udx +xdu) = x(1-u)dx
udx - 𝑢2 dx + xdu – xudu= (1-u)dx
x(1-u)du = (1-u –u+ 𝑢2 )dx
1−𝑢 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥 1−𝑢 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥
→ 1−2u+𝑢2 = → = → ⨜ 1−𝑢 =⨜
𝑥 (1−𝑢)2 𝑥 𝑥
→ - In (1-u) = In (x . c)
𝑑𝑥
u- 1−1 = x . c como ……. y = ux → u= 𝑥
𝑦 −1
( 𝑥 − 1) −1 = x . c → c= ( −1 ) −1 = 1………………………..Rpta

45
20
y dx = x(Inx – In y) dy con x(1) =1
y dx = x(Inx – In y) dy x(1) =1 → y = ux
dy = xdu +udx
x du = x( In x – In u – In x) dy
u dx = -In u( x du +ud x )
udx = -x In u du –u In u dx
(u + u Inu) dx = -x Inudu
𝑑𝑥 𝐼𝑛 𝑢
→- = du
𝑥 𝑢+𝑢 𝐼𝑛𝑢
𝑦
→ -In x + In c = Inu – In (In(u)+1) como u=
𝑥
𝑦 𝑑𝑥
-In x + Inc = In( ) –In │In ( ) +1│
𝑥 𝑥
𝑦
𝑐 𝑦
→ = 𝑥
𝑦 → c.In ( ) +1 =y
𝑥 𝐼𝑛 +1 𝑥
𝑥
0
c= = 0……………………………y=1
𝐼𝑛(1)

46
EXACTAS

47
01
(𝟑𝒙𝟐 +2𝒙𝒚𝟐 − 𝟐𝒙)𝒅𝒙 + 𝟑𝒚𝟐 + 𝟐𝒙𝟐 𝒚 − 𝟐𝒚 𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎
(3𝑥 2 +2𝑥𝑦 2 − 2𝑥)𝑑𝑥 + 3𝑦 2 + 2𝑥 2 𝑦 − 2𝑦 𝑑𝑦 = 0

M(x,y) N(x,y)
𝜕𝑀 𝑥,𝑦
 = 4𝑥𝑦
𝜕𝑦
𝜕𝑁 𝑥,𝑦
 = 4𝑥𝑦
𝜕𝑥
𝜕𝐹
a.- = 3𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑦 2 − 2𝑥
𝜕𝑥
 ‫𝐹𝑑 ׬‬ = ‫ ׬‬3𝑥 2 2𝑥𝑦 2 − 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝐹 = 𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 𝑦 2 − 𝑥 2 + 𝑔(𝑦)

48
𝜕𝐹
b .- = 3𝑦 2 + 2𝑥 2 𝑦 − 2𝑦
𝜕𝑦
2𝑥 2 𝑦 + 𝑔′ 𝑦 = 3𝑦 2 + 2𝑥 2 𝑦 − 2𝑦
𝑑𝑔 𝑦
C .- = 3𝑦 2 − 2𝑦
𝑑𝑦
.‫ ׬ = )𝑦(𝑔𝑑 ׬‬3𝑦 2 − 2𝑦 𝑑𝑦
 𝑔 𝑦 = 𝑦3 − 𝑦2
.𝑐 = 𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 𝑦 2 − 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 3 − 𝑦 2 …..Rpta

49
02
𝟐𝒙𝒚 − 𝒆𝟐𝒚 𝒅𝒙 + 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒙𝒆𝟐𝒚 − 𝒚 𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎
 Solución
2𝑥𝑦 − 𝑒 2𝑦 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑒 2𝑦 − 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 = 0
M(x,y) N(x,y)
𝜕𝑀 𝑥,𝑦
= 2𝑥 − 2𝑒 2𝑦
𝜕𝑦
𝜕𝑁 𝑥,𝑦
. = 2𝑥 + 𝑒 2𝑦
𝜕𝑥
𝜕𝑀 𝑥,𝑦 𝜕𝑁 𝑥,𝑦
. ≠
𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑥
No es un ecuación diferencial exacta

50
03 𝟏 𝟏
𝒚 𝒔𝒆𝒏 𝒙 + 𝒔𝒆𝒏 𝒚 + 𝒅𝒙 + 𝒙 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒚 − 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝒙 + 𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎
𝒙 𝒚
𝜕𝑀 𝑥,𝑦
= 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑦
𝜕𝑦
𝜕𝑁 𝑥,𝑦
= 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑦 + 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑥
𝜕𝑥
𝜕𝐹 1
= 𝑦 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑥 + 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑦 + 𝑥
𝜕𝑥
1
‫ 𝑥 𝑛𝑒𝑠 𝑦 ׬ = 𝐹𝑑 ׬‬+ 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑦 + 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
a.- = −𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 + 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑦 + 𝑙𝑛 𝑥 + 𝑔(𝑦)
𝜕𝐹 1
b.- 𝜕𝑦 = 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑦 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 + 𝑦
1
− 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 + 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑦 + 𝑔′ 𝑦 = 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑦 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 + 𝑦
1
𝑔′ 𝑦 = 𝑦
𝑑𝑔(𝑦) 1
C .- =𝑦
𝜕𝑦
1
‫𝑦𝑦׬ = 𝑦 𝑔 𝑑׬‬
𝑔 𝑦 = 𝑙𝑛 𝑦
D .- Remplazando en (A)
𝐹 = 𝐶 = −𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑥 + 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑦 + 𝑙𝑛 𝑥 + 𝑙𝑛 𝑦……Rpta
51
04
𝟒𝒙𝟑 𝒚 + 𝒚𝟑 − 𝟐𝒙 𝒅𝒙 + 𝒙𝟒 + 𝟑𝒙𝒚𝟐 − 𝟑𝒚𝟐 𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎
𝜕𝑀 𝑥,𝑦
= 4𝑥 3 + 3𝑦 2
𝜕𝑦
𝜕𝑁 𝑥,𝑦
= 4𝑥 3 + 3𝑦 2
𝜕𝑥
𝜕𝐹
a.- = 4𝑥 3 𝑦 + 𝑦 3 − 2𝑥
𝜕𝑥
‫(׬ = 𝐹𝑑 ׬‬4𝑥 3 𝑦 + 𝑦 3 − 2𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
𝐹 = 𝑥 4 𝑦 + 𝑥𝑦 3 − 2𝑥 + 𝑔(𝑦)
𝑑𝐹
b.- = 𝑥 4 + 3𝑥𝑦 2 − 3𝑦 2
𝑑𝑦
𝒙𝟒 + 𝟑𝒙𝒚𝟐 + 𝒈′ 𝒚 = 𝒙𝟒 + 𝟑𝒙𝒚𝟐 − 𝟑𝒚𝟐
𝒈′ 𝒚 = −𝟑𝒚𝟐
52
𝑑𝑔(𝑦)
c .- = −3𝑦 2
𝑑𝑦
‫ = 𝑦 𝑔𝑑 ׬‬−3 ‫ 𝑦 ׬‬2 𝑑𝑦
3𝑦 3
𝑔 𝑦 = − = −𝑦 3
3
d .-Remplazando en (a)
𝐹 = 𝐶 = 𝒙𝟒 𝒚 + 𝒙𝒚𝟑 − 𝒙𝟐 + −𝒚𝟑
𝒙𝟒 𝒚 + 𝒙𝒚𝟑 − 𝒙𝟐 − 𝒚𝟑 = 𝒄………………………rpta

53
05
𝒚 𝐜𝐨𝐬 +𝟐𝒙𝒆𝒚 − 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 + 𝒚 + 𝒔𝒆𝒏 𝒙 + 𝒙𝟐 𝒆𝒚 𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎
𝜕𝑀 𝑥,𝑦
= cos 𝑥 + 2𝑥𝑒 𝑦
𝜕𝑦
𝜕𝑁 𝑥,𝑦
= cos 𝑥 + 2𝑥𝑒 𝑦 exactas
𝜕𝑥
𝑑𝐹
a .- = (𝑦 cos 𝑥 + 2𝑥𝑒 𝑦 − 𝑥)
𝑑𝑥
‫ 𝑦(׬ = 𝐹𝑑 ׬‬cos 𝑥 + 2𝑥𝑒 𝑦 − 𝑥)𝑑𝑥
𝐹 = 𝑦 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑥 + 𝑒 𝑦 𝑥 2 − 𝑥 2 + 𝑔(𝑦)
𝑑𝐹
b .- = 𝑦 + sen 𝑥 + 𝑥 2 𝑒 𝑦
𝑑𝑦
𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑥 + 𝑥 2 𝑒 𝑦 + 𝑔′ 𝑦 = 𝑦 + 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑥 + 𝑥 2 𝑒 𝑦
𝑔′ 𝑦 = 𝑦
54
04
c .-‫𝑦𝑑𝑦 ׬ = 𝑦 𝑔𝑑 ׬‬
𝑦2
𝑔 𝑦 =
2
d .-Remplazando en (A)
𝑦2
2 𝑦
𝐹 = 𝐶 = 𝑦 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑥 + 𝑥 𝑒 − 𝑥 2
+ ….Rpta
2

55
06
𝒆𝒙 𝒔𝒆𝒏 𝒚 + 𝟐𝒚 𝒔𝒆𝒏 𝒙 − 𝟐𝒙 𝒅𝒙
+ 𝒆𝒙 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝒚 − 𝟐 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚) 𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎
𝜕𝑀 𝑥,𝑦
= 𝑒 𝑥 cos 𝑦 + 2 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑥
𝜕𝑦
𝜕𝑁 𝑥,𝑦
= 𝑒 𝑥 cos 𝑦 + 2 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑥 Son exactas
𝜕𝑦
𝑑𝐹
a .- = 𝑒 𝑥 sen 𝑦 + 2𝑦 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑥 − 2𝑥
𝑑𝑥
‫ 𝑥 𝑒 ׬ = 𝐹𝑑 ׬‬sen 𝑦 + 2𝑦 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑥 − 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝐹 = 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑦 𝑒 𝑥 − 2𝑦 cos 𝑥 − 𝑥 2 + 𝑔(𝑦)
𝑑𝐹
b .- = 𝑒 𝑥 cos 𝑦 − 2 𝑜 𝑥 + 2𝑦
𝑑𝑦
𝑒 𝑥 cos 𝑦 − 2 cos 𝑥 + 𝑔′ (𝑦) = 𝑒 𝑥 cos 𝑦 − 2 cos 𝑥 + 2𝑦
𝑔′ 𝑦 = 2𝑦
56
04
c .-‫ ׬ = )𝑦(𝑔𝑑 ׬‬2𝑦𝑑𝑦

𝑔 𝑦 = 𝑦2
𝐹 = 𝐶 = 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑦 𝑒 𝑥 − 2 cos 𝑥 . 𝑦 − 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2
𝑒 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑦 − 2𝑦 cos 𝑥 − 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 𝐶…Rpta

57
07
𝟒𝒙𝟑 + 𝟒𝒙𝒚 − 𝟏 𝒅𝒙 = (𝟏 − 𝟐𝒙𝟐 − 𝟐𝒚)𝒅𝒚
4𝑥 3 + 4𝑥𝑦 − 1 𝑑𝑥 4𝑥 3 + 4𝑥𝑦 − 1 𝑑𝑥 + 𝟐𝒙𝟐 + 2𝑦 − 1 𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝜕𝑀 𝑥,𝑦
= 4𝑥
𝜕𝑦
𝜕𝑁 𝑥,𝑦
= 4𝑥 Exacto
𝜕𝑦
𝑑𝐹
a .- = (4𝑥 3 + 4𝑥𝑦 − 1)
𝑑𝑥
‫ ׬ = 𝐹𝑑 ׬‬4𝑥 3 + 4𝑥𝑦 − 1 𝑑𝑥
𝐹 = (𝑥 4 +2𝑥 2 𝑦 − 𝑥 + 𝑔(𝑦)
𝜕𝐹
b .- = 2𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 1
𝜕𝑦
2𝑥 2 + 𝑔′ 𝑦 = 2𝑥 2 + 2𝑦 − 1
𝑔′ 𝑦 = 2𝑦 − 1

58
c .-‫(׬ = 𝑦 𝑔𝑑 ׬‬2𝑦 − 1)𝑑𝑦

𝑔𝑑 𝑦 = 𝑦 2 − 𝑦
𝒙𝟒 + 𝟐𝒙𝟐 𝒚 − 𝒙 + 𝒚𝟐 − 𝒚𝟏 = 𝑪…Rpta

59
08
𝒚 𝒍𝒏 𝒙 + 𝒚 𝒅𝒙 + 𝒙 𝒍𝒏 𝒙 − 𝒆𝒚 𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎
𝜕𝑀 𝑥,𝑦
= ln 𝑥 + 1
𝜕𝑦
𝜕𝑀 𝑥,𝑦 1𝑥
= ln 𝑥 + = ln 𝑥 + 1 Son exactas
𝜕𝑥 𝑥
𝜕𝐹
a .- 𝜕𝑥= (𝑦 ln 𝑥 + 𝑦)
‫ 𝑦(׬ = 𝐹𝜕 ׬‬ln 𝑥 + 𝑦) 𝑑𝑥
𝐹 = 𝑦𝑥 ln 𝑥 − 𝑦𝑥 + 𝑦𝑥 + 𝑔′ (𝑦)
𝐹 = 𝑦𝑥 ln 𝑥 + 𝑔′ (𝑦)
𝜕𝐹
b .- = (𝑥 ln 𝑥 − 𝑒 𝑦 )
𝜕𝑦
𝑥 ln 𝑥 + 𝑔′ 𝑦 = (𝑥 𝑙𝑛 𝑥 − 𝑒 𝑦 )
𝑔′ 𝑦 = −𝑒 𝑦
c .- ‫ ׬ = 𝑦 𝑔𝑑 ׬‬−𝑒 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
𝑔𝑑 𝑦 = −𝑒 𝑦
…Rpta
𝑭 = 𝑪 = 𝒚𝒙 𝐥𝐧 𝒙 + −𝒆𝒚 = 𝒚𝒙 𝐥𝐧 𝒙 − 𝒆𝒚ALUMNO : VELARDE VILCA MAURO
60
09
𝒚 𝒔𝒆𝒄𝟐 𝒙𝒚 + 𝒔𝒆𝒏 𝒙 𝒅𝒙++𝑔(𝑥𝑦)

𝜕𝑀 𝑥,𝑦
= 𝑠𝑒𝑐
𝒙 𝒔𝒆𝒄𝟐 𝒙𝒚 + 𝒔𝒆𝒏 𝒚 𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎
2 𝑥. 𝑦 + 2𝑦𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥𝑦
𝜕𝑦
𝜕𝑁 𝑥,𝑦
= 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥, 𝑦 + 2𝑦𝑥 𝒔𝒆𝒄𝟐 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑔(𝑥𝑦) Exacto
𝜕𝑋
𝜕𝐹
a .- = 𝑦 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑠𝑒𝑛2
𝜕𝑥
‫׬‬𝑑𝐹 = (𝑦 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
‫׬‬
𝑦+𝑔(𝑥𝑦)
𝐹= − cos 𝑥 + 𝑔(𝑦)
𝑦
𝐹 = +𝑔 𝑥𝑦 − cos 𝑥 + 𝑔 (𝑦)
𝜕𝐹
b .-𝜕𝑦 = 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑦
𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑔′ 𝑦 = 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥𝑦 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑦
𝑔′ 𝑦 = 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑦
c .-‫𝑦𝑑𝑦 𝑛𝑒𝑠 ׬ = 𝑦 𝑔 𝑑 ׬‬
𝑔 𝑦 = − cos 𝑦
d .-Remplazando
𝐹 = 𝐶 = +𝑔 𝑥𝑦 − cos 𝑥 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦 … 𝑅𝑝𝑡𝑎 ALUMNO : VELARDE VILCA MAURO
61
10
1 𝑥 𝑦 𝑦 1 𝑦 𝑥 𝑥 1
(𝑦 sen(𝑦) - 𝑥 2 cos (𝑥 ) +1)dx + (𝑥 cos (𝑥 ) - 𝑦 2 sen (𝑦) + 𝑦 2 ) dy =0
𝑥 𝑥
𝜕𝑀 𝑥,𝑦 −𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −𝑥 1 𝑦 𝑦 𝑦 1
𝑦
𝜕𝑦
= 𝑦2
+ 𝑦 𝑦2
− 𝑥 2 cos 𝑥
+ 𝑠𝑒𝑛(𝑦)(𝑥 2 )(𝑥)
𝜕𝑁 𝑥,𝑦 1 𝑦 1 𝑦 −𝑦 1 𝑥 𝑦 𝑥 1
=− cos + . 𝑠𝑒𝑛 . − ‫ ׬‬2 . 𝑠𝑒𝑛 + . cos
𝜕𝑋 𝑥2 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥2 𝑦 𝑦 𝑦2 𝑦 𝑦
Ordenando
𝑥
𝜕𝑀 𝑥,𝑦 1 𝑥 𝑥 1 𝑦 𝑦 𝑠𝑒𝑛
𝑦
𝜕𝑦
= − 𝑦2 + 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑦
− 𝑦3
. 𝑥2 cos 𝑥
+ 𝑥3
𝑦
𝜕𝑁 𝑥,𝑦 1 𝑦 𝑦 𝑠𝑒𝑛 1 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥
𝑦
= − 𝑥 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 + − sen − . 𝑐𝑜𝑠
𝜕𝑥 𝑥 𝑥3 𝑦2 𝑦 𝑦3 𝑦
𝜕𝐹 1 𝑥 𝑦 𝑦
a .- 𝜕𝑥 = 𝑦 𝑠𝑒𝑛 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 + 1
𝑦 𝑥2 𝑦
1 𝑥 𝑥 𝑦
‫ ׬ = 𝐹𝜕 ׬‬1 + 𝑦 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑦
−
𝑥2
𝑐𝑜𝑠
𝑥
𝑑𝑥
1 𝑥 𝑦 𝑦
𝐹=𝑥+ . 𝑦 ( −𝑐𝑜𝑠 − ‫ 𝑥 ׬‬2 cos 𝑑𝑥
𝑦 𝑦 𝑥 ALUMNO : VELARDE VILCA MAURO
62
10
Cambio de variable
𝑦 𝑦
= 𝑢 𝑑𝑢 = − 𝑑𝑥
𝑥 𝑥2
𝑦
𝑑𝑥 = −𝑑𝑢
𝑥2
Remplazando
𝑥
𝐹 = 𝑥 + 1 ( − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 ) − ‫ ׬‬− cos 𝑢𝑑𝑢 + 𝑔 (𝑦)
𝑦
𝑥
= 𝑥 – 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑦 + 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑢 + 𝑔 𝑦
𝑥 𝑦
𝐹 = 𝑥 – 𝑐𝑜𝑠 + 𝑠𝑒𝑛 + 𝑔(𝑦)
𝑦 𝑥
𝜕𝐹 1 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 1
b .-𝜕𝑦 = 𝑥 cos 𝑦 − 𝑠𝑒𝑛 +
𝑦2 𝑦 𝑦2
𝑥 𝑥 𝑦 1 1 𝑦 𝑥 𝑥 1
− 𝑠𝑒𝑛 . + cos . 𝑥 + 𝑔′ 𝑦 = cos − 𝑠𝑒𝑛 + 𝑦2
𝑦 𝑦2 𝑥 𝑥 𝑥 𝑦2 𝑦
1
𝑔′ 𝑦 = 𝑦 2
1
c .-‫ 𝑦 ׬ = )𝑦(𝑔 𝜕 ׬‬2 𝑑𝑦
𝑔 𝑦 = 3𝑦 3
63
Remplazando en (A)
𝑥 𝑦 −1
𝐹 = 𝐶 = 𝑥 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 + 𝑠𝑒𝑛 +
𝑦 𝑥 3𝑦 3
𝑥 𝑦 1
𝐶 = 𝑥 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠 + 𝑠𝑒𝑛 − …Rpta
𝑦 𝑥 3𝑦 3

64
11 𝑥 𝑦
(𝑦𝑒 𝑦 + ) y´= - 𝑥𝑒 𝑥
𝑥 2 +𝑦 2 𝑥 2 +𝑦 2
- 𝑥𝑒 𝑥 ) dx
𝑥 𝑦
(𝑦𝑒 𝑦 + ) dx = (
𝑥 2 +𝑦 2 𝑥 2 +𝑦 2
Solucion :
𝑥 𝑦
( - 𝑥𝑒 𝑥 ) dx + ( − 𝑦𝑒 𝑦 ) dy =0
𝑥 2 +𝑦 2 𝑥 2 +𝑦 2
↓ ↓
M(x,y) N(x,y)
𝜕𝑀 (𝑥,𝑦) 1 −2𝑦 1 −2𝑦
= 𝑥 2 +𝑦2 + ((𝑥 2 +𝑦2 )2 ) = 𝑥 2 +𝑦2 - (𝑥 2 +𝑦 2 )2 ….no es exacta
𝜕𝑦
𝜕𝑁 (𝑥,𝑦) −1 2𝑥
𝜕𝑥
= 𝑥 2 +𝑦2 + (𝑥 2 +𝑦2 )2 …………………....... …no es exacta

65
12 2 2
(y sen (2x) - 2y + 2𝑦 2 𝑒 𝑥𝑦 )dx –(2x -𝑠𝑒𝑛2 x -4xy𝑒 𝑥𝑦 ) dy =0
Solución :
2 2
(y sen (2x) - 2y + 2𝑦 2 𝑒 𝑥𝑦 )dx +(-2x + 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 x -4xy𝑒 𝑥𝑦 ) dy =0
𝜕𝑀 (𝑥,𝑦) 2 2
= sen2x -2+ 4𝑦 1 𝑒 𝑥𝑦 +2𝑦 2 . 𝑒 𝑥𝑦 * 2xy
𝜕𝑦
2 2
= sen 2x -2+ 4y 𝑒 𝑥𝑦 + 4𝑥𝑦 3 𝑒 𝑥𝑦 ……..exacta
𝜕𝑁 (𝑥,𝑦) 2 2
= -2 + cos x . Sen x + cos x .sen x + 4𝑦𝑒 𝑥𝑦 +4𝑥𝑦𝑒 𝑥𝑦 . 𝑦 2
𝜕𝑥
2 2
= -2 + 2 cos x . Sen x + 4𝑦𝑒 𝑥𝑦 + 4𝑥𝑦𝑒 𝑥𝑦 ……exacta
↓
sen(2x)
𝜕𝐹 2
a.-𝜕 𝑥 = (y sen (2x) -2y +2𝑦 2 𝑒 𝑥𝑦 )dx
2
⨜ dF= ⨜( 𝑦 sen(2x)- 2y +2𝑦 2 𝑒 𝑥𝑦 ) dx
2
−𝑦 𝑒 𝑥𝑦
F= 2
+ cos 2x-2yx +2𝑦 𝑦 2
2
+g (y)

66
𝜕𝐹 2
b.- = -2 x + 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 x +4xy 𝑒 𝑥𝑦
𝜕𝑦
−1 2 2
cos 2x – 2x+ 4xy 𝑒 𝑥𝑦 + g´(y) = - 2x + 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 x + 4xy 𝑒 𝑥𝑦
2
−1
(1 - 2 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 x ) + g´(y) = 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 x
2
−1
+ 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 x + g´(y) = 𝑠𝑒𝑛2 x
2
1
→ g´(y) =
2
1
c.- ⨜ d g(y) = ⨜ dy
2
1
g(y) = y
2
d.- reemplazando en ``a´´
1 𝑦 2
F=c= y- cos 2x +2 𝑒 𝑥𝑦 ……………Rpta
2 2

67
13
(2xy- 𝑒 3𝑦 )dx +(𝑥 2 - k x 𝑒 3𝑦 - 3𝑦 2 )dy =0
(2xy- 𝑒 3𝑦 )dx +(𝑥 2 - kx𝑒 3𝑦 - 3𝑦 2 )dy =0
↓ ↓
M(x,y) N(x,y)
𝜕𝑀 (𝑥,𝑦) 1𝑒 3𝑦 1
= 2x - exacta ....por k=3
𝜕𝑦 3
𝜕𝑁 (𝑥,𝑦) 1
𝜕𝑥
= 2x – k 𝑒 3𝑦 exacta…. Por k = 3
𝜕𝐹
a.-𝜕 𝑥 = (2𝑥𝑦 - 𝑒 3𝑦 )
⨜ dF= ⨜( 2𝑥𝑦 - 𝑒 3𝑦 ) dx
F= 𝑥 2 y -x 𝑒 3𝑦 +g (y)
𝜕𝐹 1
b.- 𝜕 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 - 3
x 𝑒 3𝑦 -3𝑦 2
x 𝑒 3𝑦
𝑥2 -
1
+ g´(y) = 𝑥 2 - x 𝑒 3𝑦 - 3𝑦 2
3 3
g´(y) = - 3𝑦 2 ALUMNO : VELARDE VILCA MAURO
68
c.- d g (y) = (- 3𝑦 2 ) dy
g (y) = - 𝑦 3
d.- reemplazando :
→ F = c = 𝑥 2 y -𝑥𝑒 3𝑦 + (- 𝑦 3 )
c = 𝑥 2 y -𝑥𝑒 3𝑦 − 𝑦 3 …Rpta

69
RESOLVER LAS SIGUIENTES

P.V.I.

70
14
(𝑦 2 cos x -3𝑥 2 y-2x) dx + (2y senx - 𝑥 3 +In y)dy =0 con y(0)=e
𝜕𝑀 (𝑥,𝑦)
= 2y cos x 3𝑥 2 exacta
𝜕𝑦
𝜕𝑁 (𝑥,𝑦)
= 2y sin x 3𝑥 2 1 exacta
𝜕𝑥
𝜕𝐹
a.- = 𝑦 2 cos x -3𝑥 2 y-2x
𝜕𝑥
⨜dF= ⨜ (𝑦 2 cos x -3𝑥 2 y-2x)dx
F= 𝑦 2 sin x -𝑥 3 y-𝑥 2 tg(y)
𝜕𝐹
b.- = 2y sin x −𝑥 3 + Iny
𝜕𝑦
2y sin x −𝑥 3 + g(y) =2y sen x - 𝑥 3 + Iny
→ g´ (y) = In y

71
𝑟𝑒𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑧𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑒𝑛 𝑎 ∶
F = c = = 𝑦 2 sen x - 𝑥 3 y - 𝑥 2 + y In y –y …Rpta
Condición :
→ 𝑦 2 sen (0) - 03 y - 02 + e In e – e = 0
c = e In e – e → 𝑦 2 sen x - 𝑥 3 y - 𝑥 2 + y In y –y = e In e – e…Rpta final

72
15
(y + 𝑥𝑒 𝑥 +2 )dx + (x+ 𝑒 𝑦 )dy =0 con y(1) =1
𝜕𝑀 (𝑥,𝑦)
= 1 exacta
𝜕𝑦
𝜕𝑁 (𝑥,𝑦)
= 1 exacta
𝜕𝑥
𝜕𝐹
1.- = y+x𝑒 𝑥 +2
𝜕𝑥
⨜dF= ⨜ (y+ 𝑥𝑒 𝑥 +2 )dx
In e− 𝑒 𝑥
F= yx+ 𝑥𝑒 𝑥 +2x tg(x)
2 𝐼𝑛𝑒
𝜕𝐹
2.- = 𝑥𝑒 2𝑦
𝜕𝑦
X+ g´(y)=x+𝑒 𝑦
g´(y)=𝑒 𝑦
73
𝑑𝐹(𝑦)
3.- = 𝑒𝑦
𝜕𝑦
⨜dg(y)= ⨜ 𝑒 𝑦 dy
g(y)= 𝑒 𝑦
𝑥𝑒 𝑥 𝐼𝑛𝑥 −𝑒 𝑥
4.- F=c=yx+ +2x +
𝐼𝑛 𝑒
𝑒 𝑦 ……………Rpta

74
16
(𝑒 𝑦 sen x +tan y) dy-(𝑒 𝑦 cos x – x 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 y ) dx =0 con y(0) =0
(𝑒 𝑦 sen x +tan y) dy-(𝑒 𝑦 cos x – x 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 y ) dx =0 con y(0) =0

↓ ↓
M(x,y) N(x,y)
𝜕𝑀 (𝑥,𝑦)
= sen x 𝑒 𝑦 + 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 y exacta
𝜕𝑦
𝜕𝑁 (𝑥,𝑦)
= 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 y + 𝑒 𝑦 sen x exacta
𝜕𝑥
𝜕𝐹
1.- = 𝑒 𝑦 sen x+ tg y
𝜕𝑥
⨜ ∂F = ⨜ (𝑒 𝑦 sen x+ tg y)dx
F = -𝑒 𝑦 cos x +x tg y +g(y)
75
𝜕𝐹
2.- = 𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑦 - 𝑒 𝑦 cosx
𝜕𝑦
- 𝑒𝑦 cosx +𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑦 +g´ (y) = 𝑥𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑦 - 𝑒 𝑦 cosx
- g´ (y) =0
𝜕𝐹(𝑦)
3.- 𝜕𝑦
=0
𝜕 g(y) =00.dy
g(y) =0
4.- reemplazando :
- 𝑒 𝑦 cosx + x tg y =c → x tg y = 𝑒 𝑦 cosx = 1
- 𝑒 0 cos(0) + 0.tg (0) =c
- C=1

76
17
𝑥+𝑦
( 2
) dx + (y + arctan x) dy =0 con y(0) =1
1+𝑥
𝑥+𝑦 𝑑 𝑎𝑟𝑐𝑡𝑔 𝑢 𝑢´
( ) dx + (y + arctan x) dy =0 formula: = +c
1+𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 1+𝑢2
𝜕𝑀 (𝑥,𝑦) 1
= exacta
𝜕𝑦 1+𝑥 2
𝜕𝑁 (𝑥,𝑦) 1
= exacta
𝜕𝑥 1+𝑥 2
𝜕𝐹 𝑥,𝑦
1.- =
𝜕𝑥 1+𝑥 2
𝑥,𝑦 𝑥 𝑦
⨜dF = ⨜ (1+𝑥2 ) dx = ⨜ 1+𝑥2 dx + ⨜ 1+𝑥2 dx
𝐼𝑛(𝑥 2 +1)
F= + y 𝑡𝑔−1 (x) +g(y)
2
𝜕𝐹
2.- =y +𝑡𝑔−1 x
𝜕𝑦
𝑡𝑔−1 (x) + g´(y)= y+𝑡𝑔−1 x
g´(y) =y ALUMNO : VELARDE VILCA MAURO

77
3.- ⨜ dg(y) = ⨜ y dy
𝑦2
g(y) =
2
𝑥 2 +1
4.- reemplazando : F= c= In ( ) +
2
𝑦2
y 𝑡𝑔−1 (x) + ……Rpta
2

78
18
DETERMINAR LOS VALORES DE LA CONSTANTES A Y BQUE
HACEN EXACTA LA ECUACION DIFERENCIAL
( 𝑦 3 - 𝑦 2 sen x- 2x) dx + (Ax𝑦 2 + By cosx -3 𝑦 2 )dy =0

↓ ↓
M(x,y) N(x,y)
𝜕𝑀 (𝑥,𝑦)
= -2 y senx → A=0
𝜕𝑦
𝜕𝑁 (𝑥,𝑦)
= A𝑦 2 -By sen x B=2 comprobando
𝜕𝑥
en A𝑦 2 - By sen x
0(𝑦 2 ) – 2ysenx = -2ysenx ..exacta

79
19
OBTENER UNA FUNCION m(X,) DE MODO TAL QUE SEA EXACTA LA
ECUACION DIFERENCIAL
M(x,y) dx + ( 𝑒 𝑥 cos y +2 cos y ) dy =0
Por definición :
𝜕𝑀 (𝑥,𝑦) 𝜕 (𝑁𝑥,𝑦)
= cos y. 𝑒 𝑥 =
𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑥
→ ⨜ 𝜕 M (x,y) = ⨜cos y 𝑒 𝑥 dy
M (x,y) = 𝑒 𝑥 seny +c………….Rpta

80
20
OBTENER UNA FUNCION N(X,Y)DE MODO TAL QUE SEA EXACTALA ECUACION
DIFERENCIAL
𝑥2− 𝑦2
N(x,y)dy +( -2x) dx = 0
𝑥2𝑦
Definición exacta :
𝜕𝑁(𝑥,𝑦) −1 1
= -
𝜕𝑥 𝑦2 𝑥
−1 1
⨜ 𝜕 (N(x,y)) = ⨜( 𝑦2
- ) dx
𝑥
−𝑥
N (x,y) = -Inx +c…Rpta
𝑦2

81
11
xy´ =2y + 𝑥 2
−2
𝑑𝑦
+(
−2
)y= 𝑥2 ⨜
→ u (x) = 𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 −2𝐼𝑛𝑥 = 𝑥 −2
𝑑𝑥 𝑥
𝑑𝑢 −2 𝑥2
U (x) [ + ( )𝑦] = .u(x)
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑥
𝑑(𝑢 𝑥 .𝑦) 𝑥 −2 . 𝑥 2
=
𝑥 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 1
⨜ d(u(x) y) = ⨜ 𝑥
→ y=
𝑥 −2
In(x) + c 𝑥 2
= 𝑥 2 Inx + c 𝑥 2 ………………..Rpta

82
12
y´ cos x + y sen x -1 =0
𝑑𝑦 1
+ tg x . y =
𝑑𝑥 cos 𝑥
→ u(x) = 𝑒 ⨜ 𝑡𝑔 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 −In│ cos 𝑥 │ = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1x

𝑑𝑦 1
u (x) ( + tgx .y) = .ux
𝑑𝑥 cos 𝑥
𝑑(𝑢 𝑥 .𝑦) 1
→ =
𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥
⨜ d u(x) .y = ⨜ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 xdx
u(x).y = tg x + c
y = tg x . cos x + c . cos x
𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑥
= . cos x – c. cos x
cos 𝑥
Y = sen x – c . cos x ……Rpta

83
13 2 ´
𝑥 𝑦 + 2xy = x -1
𝑑𝑢 2 𝑥−1
+𝑥y=
𝑑𝑥 𝑥2
𝑑𝑢 2 (𝑥−1)
→ u(x) ( + y) = ux
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑥2
↓
d( ux.y) (𝑥−1) ⨜ 2 2
= ux u(y) = 𝑒 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 𝐼𝑛𝑥
𝑥
𝑥2 𝑥2
u(y)= 𝑥 2
↓
(𝑥−1)
→ ⨜ d (u(x) y) = ⨜ u(x) dx
𝑥2
𝑥2
u(x).y = 2 -x +c
1 1
y=2-𝑥 + 𝑥 −2.c ……….Rpta

84
14
(y-1)x´ - x = y(y − 1)2
−1
⨜ 𝑦−1
= 𝑒 −In (y−1) =
𝑑𝑥 −1 𝑑𝑦
+ ( ) .x = y(-1) → u(y) = 𝑒
𝑑𝑦 𝑦−1
(y − 1)−1
u(y) = (y − 1)−1 …
𝑑𝑥 −1
U(y) [ +( ) . X ] = u(y) .y(y-1)
𝑑𝑦 𝑦−1
↓
⨜ 𝑑 𝑢 𝑦 .𝑥 = ⨜ u(y). y(y-1) dy
2
u(y) .x = 𝑦2 +c
𝑦−1 .𝑦 2
x= + c (y − 1) ………..Rpta
2

85
15
𝑥𝑒 𝑥 y´ + (x+1) 𝑒 𝑥 y =1
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 (𝑥−1) 1
→ x𝑒 𝑥 + (x+1) 𝑒𝑥 y=1 → + y=
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑒𝑥
Factor integrante :
(𝑥+1)
→ u(x) = 𝑒 ⨜ 𝑥
𝑑𝑥
= 𝑒 x + In x = 𝑒 x . 𝑒 In x = x 𝑒 x
𝑑𝑦 𝑥+1 1
→u(x) [ +( ) y ] x u(x)
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑒
𝑒 x → ⨜ 𝑑[𝑢 𝑥 . 𝑦]
𝑑(𝑢 𝑥 .𝑦) 1
→ = x.x
𝑑𝑥 𝑒
𝑥2
= ⨜ xdx → u(x).y = ……………………….Rpta
2

86
16
𝑦 2 dx +(3xy-4𝑦 3 )dy=0
TRANSFORMANDO CONVENIENTEMENTE :
𝑑𝑥
𝑦2 +3 xy - 4𝑦 3 =0
𝑑𝑦
factor integrante :
⨜ 𝑦3 𝑑𝑦
= 𝑒 3In y = 𝑒 In 𝑦
𝑑𝑥 3 3
+ x = 4y → u(y) = 𝑒 =𝑦 3
𝑑𝑦 𝑦
Multiplicando :
𝑑𝑥 3
u(y) [ 𝑑𝑦 + 𝑦x ] = 4y. u(y)
𝑑(𝑢 𝑦 .𝑥)
𝑑𝑦
= 4y . 𝑦 3
⨜ d(u(y) .x) = ⨜ 4𝑦 4 dy
𝑦5
u(y) .x =4 +c
5
4
x= 5 . 𝑦 2 +c . 𝑦 −3 …….Rpta
87
17
( 𝑥 2 + 1)dy =(𝑥 3 -2xy + x) dx con y(1)=1
( 𝑥 2 + 1)𝑑𝑦 =(𝑥 3 -2xy + x) dx factor integrante:
2𝑥
⨜ 𝑑𝑥
u(x) = 𝑒 ( = 𝑒 In( 𝑥
2 +1)
𝑥2 +1)
=𝑥 2 +
1
𝑑𝑦
( 𝑥 2 + 1) 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 3 -2 xy+x
𝑑𝑦 2𝑥 𝑥 3 +𝑥 𝑥(𝑥 2 +1)
+ .y = =
𝑑𝑥 ( 𝑥 2 +1) 𝑥 2 +1 𝑥 2 +1
↓
𝑑[ 𝑢 𝑥 .𝑦]
= x(𝑥 2 +1)
𝑑𝑥
𝑥3 𝑥2
⨜ d(u(x) .y) = ⨜ 𝑥2 xdx → u(x) .y = 3
+ 2
+c
𝑥3 𝑥2 𝑐
y= + + ……Rpta
3(𝑥 2 +1) 2(𝑥 2 +1) 𝑥 2 +1

88
18
(𝑦 2 +1)dx=(1+xy) dy con x(1)=0
(𝑦 2 +1)dx=(1+xy) dy
−4
⨜ 𝑑𝑦
− 𝐼𝑛(𝑦 2 +1)
1 1
u(y)= 𝑒 (
−
𝐼𝑛(𝑦 2 −1) 2
𝑦2 +1)
=𝑒 2 =𝑒
1
= (𝑦 2 +1)− 2
𝑑𝑥 (−𝑦) −1
→ 𝑑𝑦 + .x = (𝑦2 +1)
(𝑦 2 +1)
𝑑𝑥 −𝑦 𝑢𝑦
→ u(y) [ +( 2 ) .x] =
𝑑𝑦 (𝑦 +1) (𝑦 2 +1)
1
−
𝑑(𝑢 𝑦 .𝑥) 𝑢(𝑦) (𝑦 2 −1) 2
= → ⨜ du(y) .x = ⨜ .dy de condición
𝑥 (𝑦 2 +1) (𝑦 2 −1)
1 −1.𝑦
u(y) .x = ⨜ 3 dy = +c y=1
( −1)
𝑦2 2 (𝑦 2 +1)
−1 .𝑦
X = (𝑦 2 −1) . + (𝑦 2 −1) c x=0
(𝑦 2 −1)
1
X = -y + c (𝑦 2 −1) ….Rpta c=
2

89
19
y´cos x + y sen x −𝑐𝑜𝑠 3 x = 0 con y(0) =-1
ACOMODANDO :
→ u(x) = 𝑒 ⨜𝑡𝑔 𝑥𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 −In (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥) = 𝑒 In
𝑑𝑦 (cos 𝑥 −1 )
+tg x . y = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 x
𝑑𝑥
u(x) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 −1 x
𝑑𝑢
U(x) [ 𝑑𝑥
+ tg x.y ] = u(x) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2
x
𝑑( 𝑢 𝑥 .𝑦 )
= cos x → ⨜ d(u(x) .y) = ⨜ cos xdx de condicion:
𝑑𝑥
u(x).y = sen x +c entonces… x=0
→ y= sen x .cos x + cos x.c……..Rpta y=-1
c= -1
reemplazando
→ -1 = sen 0 . Cos 0 +cos 0 . -1…Rpta

90
20
Ly´ +Ry =E sen wx con y (0) = 0, donde L,R,E & w son constantes positivas
L y´ +R y = E cos (w . x)
𝑑𝑦
L +R y = E cos (w . x)
𝑑𝑥
𝑅 𝑅
𝑑𝑦 𝑅 𝐸
+ y = cos (w . x) ⨜
u(x) = 𝑒 𝐿 𝑑𝑥
= 𝑒𝐿 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝐿 𝐿
𝑑𝑦 𝑅 𝐸
u(x) [ + . 𝑦 ] = .cos wx .u (x)
𝑑𝑥 𝐿 𝐿
↓
𝑅
𝑑(𝑢 𝑥 .𝑦) 𝐸 𝑥
= . cos wx . 𝑒 𝐿
𝑑𝑥 𝐿
𝑅
𝐸 𝑥
⨜ d(u(x) . y) = ⨜( cos(w.x). 𝑒
𝐿
𝐿 ) dx
𝑅
𝐸
U(x´) y = ⨜ (cos (w . x) 𝑒 𝐿 𝑥 )dx
𝐿
𝐸 𝑒 𝑦 cos(𝑤.𝑥) 𝑥 sen 𝑤.𝑥
u(x) . y = ( + ) +c
𝐿 𝐿 .𝑤 2 𝑤.𝐿
𝑅 𝑅
𝐸 𝑒𝑦 𝑥 −𝐿𝑥 −𝐿𝑥
y= ( . Cos (w.s) + . Sen (w.x) ALUMNO
]𝑒 + 𝑒 VILCA.cMAURO
: VELARDE
91
𝑅 𝑅
𝐸 𝑒𝑦 𝑥 − 𝑥 − 𝑥
y= [ . Cos (w.s) + . Sen (w.x) ] 𝑒 𝐿 +𝑒 𝐿 .c
Condicion … :
X=0
𝐸 𝑒0 0
Y=0 0= 𝐿 [ 𝐿. 𝑤 2 . Cos (0) + 𝑤.𝑙 . Sen (0) ] 𝑒 0 + 𝑒 0 c
𝐸 1
0= 𝐿 ( 𝐿. 𝑤 2 )+c
𝐸
c= 𝑙2. 𝑤 2
Reemplazando… :
𝑅 𝑅
𝐸 𝑒0 0 −𝐿0 −𝐿0 𝐸
= [ . Cos (w.s) + . Sen (w.0) ] 𝑒 +𝑒 .
𝐿 𝐿 .𝑤 2 𝑤.𝐿 𝑙2. 𝑤2
𝐸 𝐸
=𝐿+ …Rpta
𝑙2. 𝑤 2

92
LINEALES

93
01
y´ +100y = 0
y´ +100y = 0
𝑑𝑦
= -100 y
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
⨜ 𝑦 = -100 x +c………….Rpta

94
02
x´ -10 x =0
x´ -10 x =0
𝑑𝑦
= 10 x
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥
⨜ 𝑥 = ⨜ 10 dy → In x + c = 10 y …Rpta

95
03
2 z´ - xz = 0
2 z´ - xz = 0
𝑑𝑧
2 = xz
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑧
⨜ 2 = ⨜ xdx
𝑧
𝑥2
2 In z = +c
2

96
04
xy´ - 10y = 0 xy´ - 10y = 0

𝑑𝑦
→𝑥 = 10y
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 10 𝑑𝑦
→ =
𝑦 𝑥
Nota… :
In 𝑥 10 + In c = In ( 𝑥 10 . C)
Y In (y) = In ( 𝑥 10 . C )
Y = 𝑥 10 . C
In y = 10 In x + In c → y = 𝑥 10 . C …………..Rpta

97
05
(500-t) S´ +4S = 0
(500-t) S´ +4S = 0
𝑑𝑠 4 𝑑𝑡
⨜ =⨜
𝑠 𝑡 −500
→ In s = 4 In (t – 500) + c ………Rpta
𝑑𝑠
Explicacion : (500-t) = -4s
𝑑𝑡

98
06
(100-3t) A´ + A=10
(100-3t) A´ + A=10
𝑑𝐴
(100-3t) = (10 –A )
𝑑𝑡
1 𝑑𝐴
⨜ dt = ⨜
(100−3t) (10 –A )
In (3t + 100) = 3 In ( 10 – A ) –
c………….Rpta

99
07
π
y´ + (cot x ) y = 2 csc x con y (2 ) = 1
y´ + (cot x ) y = 2 csc x En … 2 munltiplicando u(x) a (i)
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑢
→ + ctg x. y = 2 csc x ux ( + ctg x y) = u(x). 2csc x
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
En 1…. u(x) = 𝑒 ⨜𝑐𝑡𝑔 𝑥𝑑𝑥 ↓

u(x) = 𝑒 In(𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑥) = sen x
𝑑(𝑢 𝑥 .𝑦)
= u(x). 2csc x
𝑑𝑥
⨜d(u(x).y) = ⨜sen x .2 csc x.dx
1 𝑐
Notas : y= ⨜ sen x .2 csc x dx +
𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑥
1 1 𝑐
Por trigometria = ⨜ sen x . 2 dx +
𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑥
1 𝑐
Sen x . Csc x =1 y= 2x +
𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑥 𝑠𝑒𝑛 𝑥
→ csc x = 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥
1
reemplazando :
Por condicion : y ( ) = 1
π
2
y sen (x) = 2x +c……Rpta
π+𝑐
1 𝑠𝑒𝑛(90)
𝑠𝑒𝑛 (90) 1
C= =π
π

100
08
𝑑𝑦
(2x + 5) + 10y =10(2x+5) con y (0) =0
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
(2x + 5) + 10y =10(2x+5)
𝑑𝑥
Solucion:
𝑑𝑦 10
En 1: + .y = 10(2𝑥 + 5)
𝑑𝑥 (2𝑥+5)
10 1
En 2 : u(x) = 𝑒 ⨜2𝑥+5 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑒 ⨜10.2 𝐼𝑛(2𝑥+5)
𝐼𝑛(2𝑥+5) 5
= 𝑒5 = 𝑒 𝐼𝑛(2𝑥+5)
→= u(x)= (2𝑥 + 5) 5
𝑑𝑦 𝑤
En 3 : u(x)( + ) =u(x).10(2x+5)
𝑑𝑥 2𝑥+5
↓ cambio de variable: w=2x+5
= (2𝑥 + 5) 5 .10(2x+5) dw =2dx
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑤
⨜d (u(x).y) = ⨜ 10(2x+5)6 dx dx=
2
10 𝑤7
u(x).y = 10 ⨜ (2x+5)6 dx= ⨜ 𝑤 6 dx =5
2 7
5 (2𝑥+5)7 5
→y= . + c . (2𝑥 + 5)−5 → y = . (2𝑥 + 5)2 +c (2𝑥 + 5)−5
7 (2𝑥+5)5 7

101
5
→ y = . (2𝑥 + 5)2 +c (2𝑥 + 5)−5
7
Por la condición :
→ x=0
y=0
Y(0) =0
5 𝑐 5 −1 58
→ y = (2𝑥 + 5) + 2
→ y = (2𝑥 + 5) + 2
.
7 (2𝑥+5)2 7 7 (2𝑥+5)5
5 𝑐
0= (5)2 +
7 52
5 −1 58 −53 −58
→ y = (2𝑥 + 5)2 + . c= . 55 = ………………..Rpta
7 7 (2𝑥+5)5 7 7

102
09 𝑑𝑦
(𝑥 2 +1) +3xy 6x
𝑑𝑥
3𝑥
𝑑𝑦 3𝑥 ⨜ 𝑑𝑥 3
𝑥 2 +1
+ .y = 6x → u(x) = 𝑒 𝑥2+1 =𝑒 2
𝐼𝑛
=
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 2 +1
3
𝑒 𝐼𝑛(𝑥 2 +1)2
3
𝐼𝑛(𝑥 2 +1)2
multiplicando: u(x) = 𝑒 =
3
(𝑥 2 +1) 2
Se obtiene :
3
= 6x . (𝑥 2 +1)2
𝑑𝑥
3
𝑐
⨜ d (u(x).y) = 6 ⨜x (𝑥 2 +1)2 dx + 𝑢𝑥
cambio de variable :
𝑥 2 +1=w
dw = 2xdx
𝑑𝑤
xdx = 2

103
3
1 𝑐
𝑦= .6⨜x (𝑥 2 +1)2 dx +
𝑢(𝑥) 𝑢𝑥
3
1 6 𝑐
𝑦= . ⨜ 𝑤 dw + 2 3
(𝑥 2 +1)2
𝑢(𝑥) 2
5
5
3 2𝑤 2 𝑐 3 2 𝑐
y= 3 . + 3 = 3 . . (𝑥 +1) +
2 2 3 …….Rpta
(𝑥 2 +1 )2
5
(𝑥 2 +1 )2 (𝑥 2 +1 )2
5
(𝑥 2 +1 )2

104
10
xy´ + (2x – 3)y = 4𝑥 4
𝑑𝑦
x + (2x-3) y = 4𝑥 4
𝑑𝑥
2𝑥+3
→u(x) = 𝑒 ⨜ ( 𝑥
)𝑑𝑥
= 𝑒 2x − 3 In x
−3
= 𝑒 2x . 𝑒 In 𝑥
u(x)= 𝑒 2x . 𝑥 −3
𝑑𝑦 2𝑥−3
+( ) y = 4𝑥 4
𝑑𝑥 𝑥
𝑑𝑦 2𝑥−3 (4𝑥 4 )
u(x) [ +( ) y] = u(x)
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 𝑥
↓
𝑑(𝑢 𝑥 .𝑦) 4𝑥 4
= . 𝑒 2𝑥 . 𝑥 −3
𝑥 𝑥
(4 𝑥 𝑒 2𝑥 )
⨜d (u(x).y) = ⨜ 𝑥
. dx

105
(4 𝑥 𝑒 2𝑥 )
⨜d (u(x).y) = ⨜ 𝑥
. dx
4 𝑒 2𝑥 𝑐 4
y= . + → y = 𝑒 2𝑥 . 𝑥 3 . 𝑒 2𝑥 + 𝑒 −2𝑥 . 𝑥 3
𝑢(𝑥) 2 𝑢(𝑥) 2
y = 2. 𝑥 3 𝑒 4𝑥 + 𝑥 3 𝑒 −2𝑥 c ….Rpta
PROPIEDAD DE LOLOGATIRMOS :
• a In b = In 𝑏 𝑎
• 𝑒 𝐼𝑛 𝑏 = b
• Formulas usadas para E.D. lineales la mayoría de
problemas..

106

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108

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