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RECUPERACIN DE
PETRLEO
SCHILTHUIS
ECUACIONES EMPLEADAS
Np[ Bt + Bg ( Rp Rsi )]
N=
Bt Boi
S L = Sw + (1 Sw) * [( N Np ) / N ]( Bo / Boi )
ECUACIONES MODIFICADAS
1=
[ Np / N ][ Bt + Bg ( Rp Rsi )]
Bt Boi
(1 Np / N ) Bo
S L = Sw + (1 Sw) *
Boi
Bo k g o
Rk =
+ Rs
Bg ko ug
R ser igual a Rs mientras
kg/ko sea cero, kg/ko ser
mayor a cero cuando la
saturacin de gas est por
encima de la saturacin
crtica (el gas libre
comienza a producirse).
PROCEDIMIENTO
1) Se estima un incremento de produccin (Np/N) para una pequea caida de
presin.
2) Se halla Np/N = Np/N
3) Se calcula la Saturacin de lquidos SL
4) Con SL se lee Kg/Ko y se obtiene el valor de R
5) Se calcula el valor promedio (Ravg) con el valor anterior, Rn-1.
6) Se calcula Gp = RavgNp/N
7) Se halla Gp = Gpn-1+Gp
8) Se calcula Rp = Gp/Np
9) Se comprueba la ec. de BM
10)Repetir el proceso hasta que se cumpla el punto 9)
11) Se calcula del valor real de Np = Npn-1+Np/N x N
Ejercicio 1
Los datos de produccin muestran que el reservorios volumtrico (sin intrusin
de agua) y sin capa de gas. Se encontr tambin que el reservorio esta
saturado a la presin inicial de 2500 psi y una temperatura de180F.
Empleando un estimacin volumtrica se encontr que el OOIP es 56 MMBF.
La Sw promedia es 20% y la relacin entre la saturacin de lquido y Kg/Ko
est dada por la fig1. Otros datos se hallan en la siguiente tabla. Hallar el valor
del petrleo producido a las presiones indicadas en la tabla siguiente.
Presin
2500
2300
2100
1900
1700
1500
1300
1100
900
700
500
300
100
Bo
Rs
bl/BF
PCS/BF
1.498
721
1.463
669
1.429
617
1.395
565
1.361
513
1.327
461
1.292
409
1.258
357
1.224
305
1.190
253
1.156
201
1.121
149
1.087
97
Bg
o
g
bl/PCS
cp
cp
0.001048
0.488
0.0170
0.001155
0.539
0.0166
0.001280
0.595
0.0162
0.001440
0.658
0.0158
0.001634
0.726
0.0154
0.001884
0.802
0.0150
0.002206
0.887
0.0146
0.002654
0.981
0.0142
0.003300
1.085
0.0138
0.004315
1.199
0.0134
0.006163
1.324
0.0130
0.010469
1.464
0.0126
0.032032
1.617
0.0122
SL
1.000
0.968
0.931
0.893
0.859
0.827
0.798
0.767
0.742
0.718
0.694
0.668
0.639
Kg/Ko
0.000
0.000
0.001
0.021
0.036
0.054
0.075
0.105
0.139
0.184
0.244
0.328
0.457
Presin
2500
2300
2100
1900
1700
1500
1300
1100
900
700
500
300
100
Bt
bl/BF
1.4980
1.5231
1.5621
1.6196
1.7009
1.8168
1.9803
2.2241
2.5968
3.2094
4.3608
7.1093
21.0750
Np/N
BF
0.0000
0.0168
0.0259
0.0275
0.0231
0.0215
0.0185
0.0220
0.0148
0.0150
0.0155
0.0176
0.0255
Np/N
BF
0.0000
0.0168
0.0427
0.0702
0.0933
0.1148
0.1333
0.1553
0.1701
0.1851
0.2006
0.2182
0.2437
SL
1.000
0.968
0.931
0.893
0.859
0.827
0.798
0.767
0.742
0.718
0.694
0.668
0.639
Kg/Ko
0.000
0.000
0.001
0.021
0.036
0.054
0.075
0.105
0.139
0.184
0.244
0.328
0.457
Np/N = 0.0168
Np/N =0 + 0.0168 =0.0168
(1 Np / N ) Bo
S L = Sw + (1 Sw) *
Boi
(1 0.0168)1.463
S L = 0.2 + (1 0.2) *
= 0.968
1.498
Kg/Ko = 0 para SL=0.968
Bo k g o
Rk =
+ Rs
Bg k o u g
Rk =
1.463
0.539
x0 x
+ 669 = 669
1.498
0.0166
R
Ravg
Gp
PCS/BF PCS/BF PCS
721
669
695
11.7
658
664
17.2
1406
1032
28.4
1939
1673
38.6
2497
2218
47.7
3080
2789
51.6
3794
3437
75.6
4355
4075
60.3
4795
4575
68.6
4865
4830
74.9
4232
4549
80.1
2154
3193
81.4
Ravg =
Gp
Rp
PCS PCS/BF
11.7
28.9
57.2
95.9
143.6
195.2
270.8
331.1
399.7
474.6
554.6
636.1
695
676
815
1028
1251
1464
1744
1946
2160
2366
2542
2610
1
BM
Np
1.001
1.002
1.013
1.013
1.013
1.000
1.056
1.028
1.018
1.016
1.018
1.016
0.94
2.39
3.93
5.22
6.43
7.46
8.70
9.53
10.37
11.23
12.22
13.65
721 + 669
= 695
2
Gp = 0 + 11.7 = 11.7
Rp =
1=
Gp
11.7
=
= 695
Np 0.0168
[ Np / N ][ Bt + Bg ( Rp Rsi )]
Bt Boi
1=
Np = Npn 1 +
Np
N
N
donde
MUSKAT
ECUACIONES EMPLEADAS
So
SoX ( p ) + So( kg / ko )Y ( p ) + (1 So Sw) Z ( p )
=
kg
o
p
1+
ko g
PROCEDIMIENTO
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
So
avg ) n 1 p
p
X ( p) =
Y ( p) =
Bg dRs
Bo dp
1 o dBo
Bo g dp
Z ( p ) = Bg
d (1 / Bg )
dp
7) Calcular So/p
8) Calcular
So / p( n 1) So / p( n )
So
=
p avg
2
9) Calcular
So =
So
p
p avg
11) Calcular
Np
So Boi
= 1
N 1 Sw Bo
Np =
Np
xN
N
Ejercicio 2
Los datos de produccin muestran que el reservorios volumtrico (sin intrusin
de agua) y sin capa de gas. Se encontr tambin que el reservorio esta
saturado a la presin inicial de 2500 psi y una tempertura de180F.
Empleando un estimacin volumtrica se encontr que el OOIP es 56 MMBF.
La Sw promedia es 20% y la relacin entre la saturacin de lquido y Kg/Ko
est dada por la fig1. Otros datos se hallan en la siguiente tabla. Hallar el valor
del petrleo producido a las presiones indicadas en la tabla siguiente.
Presin
2500
2300
2100
1900
1700
1500
1300
1100
900
700
500
300
100
Bo
Rs
bl/BF
PCS/BF
1.498
721
1.463
669
1.429
617
1.395
565
1.361
513
1.327
461
1.292
409
1.258
357
1.224
305
1.190
253
1.156
201
1.121
149
1.087
97
Bg
o
g
bl/PCS
cp
cp
0.001048
0.488
0.0170
0.001155
0.539
0.0166
0.001280
0.595
0.0162
0.001440
0.658
0.0158
0.001634
0.726
0.0154
0.001884
0.802
0.0150
0.002206
0.887
0.0146
0.002654
0.981
0.0142
0.003300
1.085
0.0138
0.004315
1.199
0.0134
0.006163
1.324
0.0130
0.010469
1.464
0.0126
0.032032
1.617
0.0122
Presin
2500
2300
2100
1900
1700
1500
1300
1100
900
700
500
300
100
X(p)
0.433
0.433
0.433
0.433
0.375
0.375
0.375
0.375
0.34
0.34
0.34
0.34
0.34
0.000182
0.000205
0.000233
0.000268
0.000312
0.000369
0.000444
0.000549
0.000701
0.000943
0.001386
0.002428
0.007662
Y(p)
0.003277
0.003795
0.004395
0.005105
0.005923
0.00689
0.008041
0.009391
0.010984
0.012858
0.015065
0.017724
0.020851
Z(p)
0.000454
0.000500
0.000554
0.000624
0.000613
0.000707
0.000827
0.000995
0.001122
0.001467
0.002095
0.003559
0.010891
So
Kg/Ko
0.800000
0.770897
0.736338
0.692257
0.653951
0.625061
0.595905
0.568151
0.542348
0.518170
0.494687
0.470660
0.444660
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.021
0.036
0.052
0.075
0.104
0.140
0.184
0.243
0.323
0.447
1.6
So
So
So
Np/N
0.0000
0.0318
0.0380
0.0381
0.0335
0.0313
0.0295
0.0277
0.0259
0.0247
0.0244
0.0252
0.0320
0.0000
0.0318
0.0698
0.1079
0.1414
0.1728
0.2023
0.2300
0.2559
0.2806
0.3050
0.3302
0.3621
0.800
0.768
0.730
0.692
0.659
0.627
0.598
0.570
0.544
0.519
0.495
0.470
0.438
0.017
0.043
0.071
0.094
0.115
0.134
0.152
0.168
0.183
0.198
0.215
0.246
0.94
2.42
3.98
5.26
6.44
7.49
8.49
9.39
10.23
11.10
12.05
13.76
800
1.5
700
600
Rs, PCS/BF
1.4
Bo, bl/BF
0.000146
0.000173
0.000207
0.000175
0.000161
0.000153
0.000143
0.000134
0.000125
0.000122
0.000122
0.000130
0.000190
avg
0.000146
0.000159
0.000190
0.000191
0.000168
0.000157
0.000148
0.000138
0.000130
0.000124
0.000122
0.000126
0.000160
1.3
1.2
500
400
300
200
1.1
100
1
0
500
1000
1500
2000
Presin
dBo/dP = 0.000171
2500
3000
0
0
500
1000
1500
Presin
dRs/dP = 0.26
2000
2500
3000
1000
900
d(1/Bg)/dp = 0.433
800
1/Bg, PCS/bl
700
600
500
d(1/Bg)/dp = 0.375
400
300
200
d(1/Bg)/dp = 0.34
100
0
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
Presin
A 2500psi
X ( p) =
Y ( p) =
Bg dRs
Bo dp
1 o dBo
Bo g dp
Z ( p ) = Bg
d (1 / Bg )
dp
X ( p) =
Y ( p) =
0.001040(bl / PCS )
PCS / BF
0.26
= 0.000182 / psi
1.498bl / BF
psi
1
0.488cp
bl / BF
0.000171
= 0.003277 / psi
1.498bl / BF 0.017cp
psi
Son = 0.8
1 / bl / PCS
= .000454 / ps
psi
1000
900
d(1/Bg)/dp = 0.433
800
1/Bg, PCS/bl
700
600
500
d(1/Bg)/dp = 0.375
400
300
200
d(1/Bg)/dp = 0.34
100
0
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
Presin
A 2300 psi
X ( p) =
Y ( p) =
Bg dRs
Bo dp
1 o dBo
Bo g dp
Z ( p ) = Bg
X ( p) =
Y ( p) =
d (1 / Bg )
dp
Son = So( n 1) (
So
avg ) n 1 p
p
0.001155(bl / PCS )
PCS / BF
0.26
= 0.000205 / psi
1.463bl / BF
psi
1
0.539cp
bl / BF
0.000171
= .003795 / psi
1.463bl / BF 0.0166cp
psi
1 / bl / PCS
= .0005 / ps
psi
A 2500psi
So
SoX ( p ) +So( kg / ko )Y ( p ) +(1 So Sw) Z ( p )
=
kg o
p
1+
ko
1+ 0*
0.017
So / p( n 1) + So / p( n )
So
=
= 0.000146
p avg
2
So =
So
p
p avg
So = (1 Sw) So
A 2300psi
So
SoX ( p ) +So( kg / ko )Y ( p ) +(1 So Sw) Z ( p )
=
kg o
p
1+
ko
0.0166
So / p( n 1) So / p( n )
So
=
p avg
2
So =
So
p
p avg
Np
So Boi
= 1
N 1 Sw Bo
Np =
Np
xN
N
So
0.0001455 + 0.0001728
=
= 0.000159
p avg
2
So = (1 Sw) So
Np 0.7682 1.498
= 1
= 0.0168
N
0.8 1.463
N=
Np[ Bo + Bg ( Rp Rs )]
NpBo + NpBgRp NpBgRs
=
Bo Boi + Bg ( Rsi Rs )
Bo Boi + Bg ( Rsi Rs )
Gp
BgRp
Np( Bo BgRs )
GpBg
Rp
N=
=
+
Bo Boi + Bg ( Rsi Rs )
Bo Boi + Bg ( Rsi Rs ) Bo Boi + Bg ( Rsi Rs )
Np( Bo BgRs ) +
n =
( Bo BgRs )
Bo Boi + Bg ( Rsi Rs )
N = Np n + Gp g
g =
Bg
BF
Bo Boi + Bg ( Rsi Rs ) PCS
1 = Np n + Gp g
Npn =
N
Boi
R = Rs +
Bo k g o
Bg k o u g
S L = So + Sw
Ecuacin Acumulado de Gas
R + Rn 1
Gpn = Gpn 1 + Np n
Procedimiento
- Encontrar los trminos de tracy n y g
Partiendo de una presin cualquiera pn-1 a una presin menor pn:
-Asumir una relacin gas petrleo (GOR) a la presin inferior R
-Hallar una relacin gas-petrleo promedia Ravg entre Rn y Rn-1.
-Calcular la produccin entre estos presiones usando la ecuacin:
Np =
1 Npn 1n Gpn 1g
n + R ' avgg
Npn = Npn 1 + Np
- Se calcula la saturacin de lquidos a la presin menor con:
Npn Bo
Son = 1
(1 Sw)
N Boi
SLiqn = Son + Sw
Bo k g o
Rn =
+ Rs
Bg ko ug
-Comprar entre Rn y Rn e itera hasta que la diferencia sea menor al 10%.
- Se estima la RGP promedio (Ravg) entre Rn y Rn-1.
- Se calcula el gas producido acumulado con Gpn = Gpn-1 + Npn Ravg
- Se comprueba la ecuacin:
1 = Npn + Gpg
Np
Np =
N
N
Presin
psia
3000
2500
2300
2100
1900
1700
1500
1300
1100
900
700
500
300
100
50
Bo
bl/BF
1.315
1.325
1.311
1.296
1.281
1.266
1.25
1.233
1.215
1.195
1.172
1.143
1.108
1.057
1.041
Rs
PCS/BF
650
650
618
586
553
520
486
450
412
369
320
264
194
94
55
z
0.745
0.68
0.663
0.652
0.651
0.66
0.685
0.717
0.751
0.791
0.832
0.878
0.925
0.974
0.988
Bg
bl/PCS
0.000726
0.000796
0.000843
0.000908
0.001002
0.001135
0.001336
0.001616
0.001997
0.00257
0.003476
0.005136
0.009018
0.028486
0.057791
o/g
53.91
56.6
61.46
67.35
74.33
81.96
91.56
102.61
115.2
129.96
148.89
170.83
196.78
219.89
237.39
1.000
1.000
1.000
3
0.100
0.100
z
0.010
0.001
0.70
0.010
0.75
0.80
0.85
0.90
S aturac in Liquidos
0.95
1.00
0.001
0.70
0.80
0.90
1.00
0.010
0.70
SL
0.9400
0.9300
0.9178
0.8903
0.8650
0.8350
0.8050
0.7750
0.7450
0.7000
Kg/Ko
0.0010
0.0020
0.0040
0.0102
0.0208
0.0500
0.0940
0.1687
0.3365
0.8000
0.80
0.90
S aturac in L quidos
SL>0.94
Kg/ko = 0
1.00
n
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Presin
psia
3000
2500
2300
2100
1900
1700
1500
1300
1100
900
700
500
300
100
50
80.79
34.38
19.53
11.50
6.85
3.90
2.10
1.05
0.41
0.06
-0.12
-0.16
-0.10
-0.06
0.07955
0.03669
0.02321
0.01586
0.01151
0.00867
0.00670
0.00532
0.00427
0.00346
0.00284
0.00231
0.00183
0.00169
n =
( Bo BgRs )
Bo Boi + Bg ( Rsi Rs )
g =
Bg
Bo Boi + Bg ( Rsi Rs)
RGPavg =
Np =
n =
g =
RGPest + RGPcalc n 1
2
1 Np n 1n Gp n 1g
n + Ravgg
?Np
Np
So
0
0.0075
0.0097
0.0121
0.0180
0.0232
0.0250
0.0223
0.0179
0.0141
0.0139
0.0137
0.0100
0.0158
0.0142
0
0.0075
0.0173
0.0294
0.0474
0.0706
0.0956
0.1179
0.1359
0.1500
0.1638
0.1776
0.1876
0.2034
0.2176
0.7800
0.7800
0.7642
0.7461
0.7238
0.6979
0.6706
0.6451
0.6228
0.6025
0.5813
0.5576
0.5339
0.4994
0.4831
(1,235,000796 * 650)
= 80,79
1,325 1,325 + 0,000726(650 650)
0,000796
= 0,07955
1,325 1,315 + 0,000726(650 650)
RGPavg =
Np =
650 + 650
= 650
2
1 0 * 80,79 0 * 0,07955
= 0,00755
80,79 + 650
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
0.9961
0.9813
1.0010
1.0000
1.0112
1.0365
0.9884
0.9545
0.9872
Npn = Npn 1 + Np
Np Bo
Son = 1 n
(1 Sw)
N Boi
kg
ko
= 0.0 @ So = 0.78
Bo k g o
Rn =
+ Rs
Bg ko ug
1.325
Rn =
0.0 x56.6 + 650 = 650
0.000796
Rn 1 + Rn
Ravg n =
2
R + Rn 1
Gpn = Gpn 1 + Np n
1 = Npn + Gpg
650 + 650
Ravg n =
= 650
2
Gpn = 0,0 + 0.00755 x650 = 4,9
n
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Presin
psia
3000
2500
2300
2100
1900
1700
1500
1300
1100
900
700
500
300
100
50
80.79
34.38
19.53
11.50
6.85
3.90
2.10
1.05
0.41
0.06
-0.12
-0.16
-0.10
-0.06
0.07955
0.03669
0.02321
0.01586
0.01151
0.00867
0.00670
0.00532
0.00427
0.00346
0.00284
0.00231
0.00183
0.00169
?Np
Np
So
0
0.0075
0.0097
0.0121
0.0180
0.0232
0.0250
0.0223
0.0179
0.0141
0.0139
0.0137
0.0100
0.0158
0.0142
0
0.0075
0.0173
0.0294
0.0474
0.0706
0.0956
0.1179
0.1359
0.1500
0.1638
0.1776
0.1876
0.2034
0.2176
0.7800
0.7800
0.7642
0.7461
0.7238
0.6979
0.6706
0.6451
0.6228
0.6025
0.5813
0.5576
0.5339
0.4994
0.4831
n =
( Bo BgRs )
Bo Boi + Bg ( Rsi Rs )
n =
g =
Bg
Bo Boi + Bg ( Rsi Rs)
g =
RGPavg =
Np =
RGPest + RGPcalc n 1
2
1 Np n 1n Gp n 1g
n + Ravgg
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
1.0000
0.9961
0.9813
1.0010
1.0000
1.0112
1.0365
0.9884
0.9545
0.9872
0.001335
= 0.00867
1.25 1.315 + 0.001336(650 486)
RGPavg =
1370 + 833
= 1101
2
Np =
Npn = Npn 1 + Np
Np Bo
Son = 1 n
(1 Sw)
N Boi
0.0956 1.25
Son = 1
(1 0.22) = 0.670
1 1.315
kg
= 0.0099 @ So = 0.67
ko
Bo k g o
Rn =
+ Rs
Bg ko ug
1.25
Rn =
0.0099 x 91.56 + 486 = 1334
0.001336
Rn 1 + Rn
Ravg n =
2
R + Rn 1
Gpn = Gpn 1 + Np n
1 = Npn + Gpg
833 + 1334
Ravg n =
= 1084
2
Gpn = 44.82 + 0.025 x1084 = 71.87
1.000
0.100
Npn Bo
Son = 1
(1 Sw)
N Boi
S L = So + Sw
Bo k g o
R=
+ Rs
Bg ko ug
kg
Bg g
= ( R Rs ) /
ko
Bo o
0.010
0.001
0.70
0.75
0.80
0.85
0.90
S aturac in Li quidos
0.95
1.00
0.1
100
24.7
100
83.3
Presin
Bo
o
psia
bl/BF
1700
1.265
1500
1.241
1300
1.214
1100
1.191
900
1.161
700
1.147
500
1.117
300
1.093
100
1.058
SL
1.19
1.22
1.25
1.3
1.35
1.5
1.8
2.28
3.22
?Np
Kro
1.000
0.960
0.920
0.883
0.846
0.814
0.780
0.748
0.706
1.000
0.835
0.690
0.565
0.460
0.370
0.285
0.230
0.160
0.0000
0.0353
0.0337
0.0348
0.0307
0.0356
0.0299
0.0307
0.0422
Presin
psia
1700
1500
1300
1100
900
700
500
300
100
Bo
o
bl/BF
1.265 1.2
1.241 1.2
1.214 1.3
1.191 1.3
1.161 1.4
1.147 1.5
1.117 1.8
1.093 2.3
1.058 3.2
PI =( PI )i
PI = (0.1)
SL
Kro
Np
1.000
0.960
0.920
0.883
0.846
0.814
0.780
0.748
0.706
1.000
0.835
0.690
0.565
0.460
0.370
0.285
0.230
0.160
0.0000
0.0353
0.0337
0.0348
0.0307
0.0356
0.0299
0.0307
0.0422
PI
0.100
0.083
0.068
0.055
0.044
0.032
0.021
0.014
0.007
kro / Boo
( kro / Boo ) i
0.835 / 1.241x1.22
= 0.083
(1 / 1.265 x1.19)i