Hormigon Armado II

Est. Alejandro
Fernandez Cordero
11/04/2024
Practico 1

1.- Disenar la escalera autoportante que se indica en la figura.

Datos
kg
f'c ≔ 210 ―― L1 ≔ 2.70 m P ≔ 0.20 m + 0.10 m = 0.3 m
cm 2
kg
fy ≔ 4200 ―― L2 ≔ 1.20 m b ≔ 1.20 m
cm 2
kg kg
γc ≔ 2400 ―― Ht ≔ 2.80 m Ln ≔ L1 + L2 = 3.9 m acab ≔ 120 ――
m3 m2
kg Ht
s_c ≔ 500 ―― H1 ≔ ― = 1.4 m H2 ≔ H1 Oe ≔ 0.1 m
m2 2
1. Predimensionamiento

1.1.-calculo del espesor de la losa de rampa y descanso

Ln Ln
t1 ≔ ―― = 0.195 m t2 ≔ ―― = 0.156 m
20 25

t1 + t2
t ≔ ――= 0.176 m
2
1.2.-calculo del angulo de inclinacion
⎛ H1 ⎞
α1 ≔ atan ⎜―― ⎟ = 27.408 deg
⎝ L1 ⎠
⎛ H2 ⎞
α2 ≔ atan ⎜―― ⎟ = 27.408 deg
⎝ L1 ⎠

1.3.-calculo del "n" de peldanos

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 Hormigon Armado II
Est. Alejandro
Fernandez Cordero
11/04/2024
1.3.-calculo del "n" de peldanos
L1
Np ≔ ―+ 1 = 10
P
1.4.- Verificacion real del contrapaso
Ht
CP ≔ ―― = 0.14 m
2 ⋅ Np
1.5.- Verificacion de formula del medio paso

2 CP + P = 58 cm

2. Determinacion de las cargas

2.1.-Volumen de los peldanos (Rampa 1)

1
Vp1 ≔ ―⋅ Np ⋅ P ⋅ CP ⋅ b = 0.252 m 3
2
2.2.-Volumen de los peldanos (Rampa 1)
L1
Vt ≔ b ⋅ t ⋅ ――― = 0.569 m 3
cos ((α))
2.3.-Area equivalente (Rampa 1)
L1
Aeq1 ≔ b ⋅ ――― = 3.24 m 2
cos ((α))
2.3.-Espesor equivalente (Rampa 1)
Vt
te1 ≔ ――= 0.176 m
Aeq1
2.4.-Cargas (Rampa 1) (Mismo valor Rampa 2)

2.4.1.-Carga Superficial del peso propio (Rampa 1)

ton
Q1 ≔ γc ⋅ te1 = 0.464 ――
m2
2.4.2.-Carga Lineal del peso propio (Rampa 1)
ton
q1 ≔ Q1 ⋅ b = 0.557 ――
m
2.4.3.-Carga Lineal por Acabados (Rampa 1)
ton
qacab ≔ acab ⋅ b = 0.159 ――
m
2.4.4.-Carga Lineal por Sobrecarga (Rampa 1)
ton
qscr ≔ s_c ⋅ b = 0.661 ――
m

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 Hormigon Armado II
Est. Alejandro
Fernandez Cordero
11/04/2024

2.5.-Cargas (Descanso)

2.5.1.-Carga Lineal del peso propio (Descanso)

⎛ Oe ⎞ ton
q1d ≔ γc ⋅ t ⋅ ⎜b + ―― ⎟ = 0.58 ――
⎝ 2 ⎠ m
2.5.2.-Carga Lineal por Acabados (Descanso)
⎛ Oe ⎞ ton
qacab_d ≔ acab ⋅ ⎜b + ―― ⎟ = 0.165 ――
⎝ 2 ⎠ m
2.5.3.-Carga Lineal por Sobrecarga (Descanso)
⎛ Oe ⎞ ton
qscr_d ≔ s_c ⋅ ⎜b + ―― ⎟ = 0.689 ――
⎝ 2 ⎠ m

3.-Calculo de la carga ultima de diseno (Wu)

3.1.-calculo de Wu (Rampa 1)(Rampa 2)

ton
Wd ≔ q1 + qacab = 0.716 ――
m
ton
Wi ≔ qscr = 0.661 ――
m
ton
Wu ≔ 1.2 ⋅ ((Wd)) + 1.6 ⋅ ((Wi)) = 1.917 ――
m
ton
Wu = 1.917 ――
m
3.1.-calculo de Wu (Descanso)
ton
Wdd ≔ q1d + qacab_d = 0.746 ――
m
ton
Wid ≔ qscr_d = 0.689 ――
m
ton
Wud ≔ 1.2 ⋅ ⎛⎝Wdd⎞⎠ + 1.6 ⋅ ⎛⎝Wid⎞⎠ = 1.997 ――
m
ton
Wud = 1.997 ――
m
4.-Calculo de reacciones clear ⎛⎝q1⎞⎠

4.1.-calculo de Ra,Rb,Rc,Mmax y Mmin (HIPOTESIS 1)

ton
q1 ≔ Wu = 1.917 ――
m
ton
q2 ≔ Wud = 1.997 ――
m

q1 ⋅ L1 q2 ⋅ L2 ⎛ L2 ⎞
RB1 ≔ ――+ ――⋅ ⎜L1 + ―⎟ = 5.074 ton
2 L1 ⎝ 12 ⎠

3
 Hormigon Armado II
Est. Alejandro
q1 ⋅ L1 q2 ⋅ L2 ⎛ L2 ⎞ Fernandez Cordero
RB1 ≔ ――+ ――⋅ ⎜L1 + ―⎟ = 5.074 ton
2 L1 ⎝ 12 ⎠ 11/04/2024

RA1 ≔ q1 ⋅ L1 + q2 ⋅ L2 - RB1 = 2.5 ton

RA1
xmax1 ≔ ―― = 1.304 m
q1

q1
Mmax1 ≔ RA1 ⋅ xmax1 - ―⋅ xmax1 2 = 1.629 ton ⋅ m
2

q2
Mmin1 ≔ -―⋅ L2 2 = -1.438 ton ⋅ m
2

4.2.-Calculo de Ra,Rb,Rc,Mmax y Mmin (HIPOTESIS 2) clear ⎛⎝q1 , q2⎞⎠

ton
q1 ≔ Wu = 1.917 ――
m
ton
q2 ≔ 1.2 ⋅ Wdd = 0.895 ――
m

q1 ⋅ L1 q2 ⋅ L2 ⎛ L2 ⎞
RB2 ≔ ――+ ――⋅ ⎜L1 + ―⎟ = 3.702 ton
2 L1 ⎝ 12 ⎠
RB2 = 3.702 ton

RA2 ≔ q1 ⋅ L1 + q2 ⋅ L2 - RB2 = 2.549 ton

RA2
xmax2 ≔ ―― = 1.329 m
q1 4
 Hormigon Armado II
Est. Alejandro
Fernandez Cordero
11/04/2024

RA2
xmax2 ≔ ―― = 1.329 m
q1

q1
Mmax2 ≔ RA2 ⋅ xmax2 - ―⋅ xmax2 2 = 1.694 ton ⋅ m
2

q2
Mmin2 ≔ -―⋅ L2 2 = -0.644 ton ⋅ m
2

clear ⎛⎝q1 , q2⎞⎠

4.3.-Calculo de Ra,Rb,Rc,Mmax y Mmin (HIPOTESIS 3)
ton
q1 ≔ 1.2 ⋅ Wd = 0.859 ――
m
ton
q2 ≔ Wud = 1.997 ――
m

q1 ⋅ L1 q2 ⋅ L2 ⎛ L2 ⎞
RB3 ≔ ――+ ――⋅ ⎜L1 + ―⎟ = 3.645 ton
2 L1 ⎝ 12 ⎠
RB3 = 3.645 ton

RA3 ≔ q1 ⋅ L1 + q2 ⋅ L2 - RB3 = 1.071 ton

RA3
xmax3 ≔ ―― = 1.247 m
q1

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 Hormigon Armado II
Est. Alejandro
Fernandez Cordero
11/04/2024

q1
Mmax3 ≔ RA3 ⋅ xmax3 - ―⋅ xmax3 2 = 0.668 ton ⋅ m
2

q2
Mmin3 ≔ ―⋅ L2 2 = 1.438 ton ⋅ m
2

5.-Envolventes criticos

Mmax ≔ Mmax2 = 1536.629 kg ⋅ m

Mmin ≔ Mmin3 = 1304.496 kg ⋅ m

RB kg
RB ≔ RB1 = 4602.777 kg rb ≔ ―― = 3835.648 ―
b m
5.1.-Estado de flexo-traccion, flexo-compresion (Rampa superior e
inferior)

5.1.2.- Calculo del esfuerzo σ1 (Rampa superior)

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 Hormigon Armado II
Est. Alejandro
Fernandez Cordero
11/04/2024
5.1.2.- Calculo del esfuerzo σ1 (Rampa superior)

m ≔ Oe = 0.1 m
rb ⎛ 3 ⋅ ((b + m)) ⎞ kg
σ1 ≔ ―――― ⋅ ⎜1 - ―――― ⎟ = -106828.453 ――
t ⋅ sin ⎛⎝α1⎞⎠ ⎝ b ⎠ m2

rb ⎛ 3 ⋅ ((b + m)) ⎞ kg
σ2 ≔ ―――― ⋅ ⎜1 + ―――― ⎟ = 201787.078 ――
⎛ ⎞
t ⋅ sin ⎝α2⎠ ⎝ b ⎠ m2

5.1.3.- Calculo del esfuerzo σ1 (Rampa inferior)

rb ⎛ 3 ⋅ ((b + m)) ⎞ kg
σ3 ≔ ―――― ⋅ ⎜1 + ―――― ⎟ = 201787.078 ――
t ⋅ sin ⎛⎝α1⎞⎠ ⎝ b ⎠ m2

rb ⎛ 3 ⋅ ((b + m)) ⎞ kg
σ4 ≔ ―――― ⋅ ⎜1 - ―――― ⎟ = -106828.453 ――
t ⋅ sin ⎛⎝α2⎞⎠ ⎝ b ⎠ m2

5.2.-Estado de flexo-traccion, flexo-compresion (Descanso)

5.2.1.- Calculo de ε
σ1
ε ≔ ――― ⋅ b = 0.415 m
σ1 - σ2 clear ((ε))
⎛ 3 ⋅ ((b + m)) - b ⎞
ε ≔ b ⋅ ⎜――――― ⎟ = 0.415 m
⎝ 6 ⋅ ((b + m)) ⎠
5.2.2.- Calculo de esfuerzos por unidad de longitud
kg
σ1 ⋅ t ⋅ cos ⎛⎝α1⎞⎠ = -16643.971 ―
m
kg
σ2 ⋅ t ⋅ cos ⎛⎝α1⎞⎠ = 31438.612 ―
m
kg
σ3 ⋅ t ⋅ cos ⎛⎝α1⎞⎠ = 31438.612 ―
m
kg
σ4 ⋅ t ⋅ cos ⎛⎝α1⎞⎠ = -16643.971 ―
m
5.2.3.- Calculo de las fuerzas horizontales transmitidas de los tra-
mos de descanso
⎛⎛⎛ 1 ⎛ rb ⎞⎞ ⎛ 3 ⋅ ((b + m)) ⎞ ⎛ 3 ⋅ ((b + m)) - b ⎞⎞⎞
F1 ≔ ⎜⎜⎜―⋅ ⎜――― ⎟⎟ ⋅ ⎜1 - ―――― ⎟ ⋅ b ⋅ ⎜――――― ⎟⎟⎟ = -3456.825 kg
⎝⎝⎝ 2 ⎝ tan ⎛⎝α1⎞⎠ ⎠⎠ ⎝ b ⎠ ⎝ 6 ⋅ ((b + m)) ⎠⎠⎠
F1 = -3456.825 kg
⎛⎛ 1 ⎛ rb ⎞⎛ 3 ⋅ ((b + m)) ⎞ ⎛ 3 ⋅ ((b + m)) - b ⎞⎞⎞
F2 ≔ ⎜⎜―⎜――― ⎟ ⎜1 + ―――― ⎟ ⋅ b ⋅ ⎜1 - ――――― ⎟⎟⎟ = 12333.609 kg
⎝⎝ 2 ⎝ tan ⎛⎝α1⎞⎠ ⎠ ⎝ b ⎠ ⎝ 6 ⋅ ((b + m)) ⎠⎠⎠
F2 = 12333.609 kg

⎛⎛ 1 ⎛ rb ⎞⎛ 3 ⋅ ((b + m)) ⎞ ⎛ 3 ⋅ ((b + m)) - b ⎞⎞⎞

F3 ≔ ⎜⎜―⎜――― ⎟ ⎜1 + ―――― ⎟ ⋅ b ⋅ ⎜ 1 - ――――― ⎟⎟⎟ = 12333.609 kg
⎝⎝ 2 ⎝ tan ⎛⎝α1⎞⎠ ⎠ ⎝ b ⎠ ⎝ 6 ⋅ ((b + m)) ⎠⎠⎠ 7
 Hormigon Armado II
Est. Alejandro
Fernandez Cordero
11/04/2024

⎛⎛ 1 ⎛ rb ⎞⎛ 3 ⋅ ((b + m)) ⎞ ⎛ 3 ⋅ ((b + m)) - b ⎞⎞⎞

F3 ≔ ⎜⎜―⎜――― ⎟ ⎜1 + ―――― ⎟ ⋅ b ⋅ ⎜1 - ――――― ⎟⎟⎟ = 12333.609 kg
⎝⎝ 2 ⎝ tan ⎛⎝α1⎞⎠ ⎠ ⎝ b ⎠ ⎝ 6 ⋅ ((b + m)) ⎠⎠⎠
F3 = 12333.609 kg
⎛⎛ 1 ⎛ rb ⎞⎛ 3 ⋅ ((b + m)) ⎞ ⎛ 3 ⋅ ((b + m)) - b ⎞⎞⎞
F4 ≔ ⎜⎜―⎜――― ⎟ ⎜1 - ―――― ⎟ ⋅ b ⋅ ⎜――――― ⎟⎟⎟ = -3456.825 kg
⎝⎝ 2 ⎝ tan ⎛⎝α1⎞⎠ ⎠ ⎝ b ⎠ ⎝ 6 ⋅ ((b + m)) ⎠⎠⎠
F4 = -3456.825 kg

5.2.4.- Calculo de las distancias a1,a2,a3 y a4

⎛ 3 ⋅ ((b + m)) - b ⎞
a1 ≔ b ⋅ ⎜――――― ⎟ = 0.277 m
⎝ 9 ⋅ ((b + m)) ⎠

2 ⎛ 3 ⋅ ((b + m)) - b ⎞
a2 ≔ ―⋅ b ⋅ ⎜1 - ――――― ⎟ = 0.523 m
3 ⎝ 6 ⋅ ((b + m)) ⎠

2 ⎛ 3 ⋅ ((b + m)) - b ⎞
a3 ≔ ―⋅ b ⋅ ⎜1 - ――――― ⎟ = 0.523 m
3 ⎝ 6 ⋅ ((b + m)) ⎠

⎛ 3 ⋅ ((b + m)) - b ⎞
a4 ≔ b ⋅ ⎜――――― ⎟ = 0.277 m
⎝ 9 ⋅ ((b + m)) ⎠

5.2.5.- Calculo de los momentos Mxz1 y Mxz2 para el diseno

Mxz1 ≔ F1 ⋅ a1 + F2 ⋅ a2 = 5494.152 kg ⋅ m

Mxz2 ≔ F3 ⋅ a3 + F4 ⋅ a4 = 5494.152 kg ⋅ m

F1 = -3456.825 kg a1 = 0.277 m

F2 = 12333.609 kg a2 = 0.523 m

F3 = 12333.609 kg a3 = 0.523 m

F4 = -3456.825 kg a4 = 0.277 m

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 Hormigon Armado II
Est. Alejandro
Fernandez Cordero
11/04/2024

5.3.- Calculo esfuerzos verticales en el eje Z (Descanso)

kg
σ1 ⋅ t ⋅ sin ⎛⎝α1⎞⎠ = -8630.207 ―
m

kg
σ2 ⋅ t ⋅ sin ⎛⎝α1⎞⎠ = 16301.503 ―
m

kg
σ3 ⋅ t ⋅ sin ⎛⎝α1⎞⎠ = 16301.503 ―
m

kg
σ4 ⋅ t ⋅ sin ⎛⎝α1⎞⎠ = -8630.207 ―
m
5.3.1.- Calculo de las fuerzas verticales clear ⎛⎝q1 , q2⎞⎠
⎛ 3 ⋅ ((b + m)) ⎞ kg
q1 ≔ rb ⋅ ⎜1 - ―――― ⎟ - rb = -12465.855 ―
⎝ b ⎠ m

kg
q4 ≔ q1 = -12465.855 ―
m

⎛ 3 ⋅ ((b + m)) ⎞ kg
q2 ≔ rb ⋅ ⎜1 + ―――― ⎟ - rb = 12465.855 ―
⎝ b ⎠ m

kg
q3 ≔ q2 = 12465.855 ―
m
5.3.2.- Calculo de las fuerzas Q

1 ⎛ 3 ⋅ ((b + m)) ⎞ b
Q ≔ ―⋅ rb ⋅ ⎜―――― ⎟ ⋅ ―= 3739.757 kg
2 ⎝ b ⎠ 2

5.3.3.- Calculo de e

2 ⎛b⎞ 2 ⎛b⎞
e ≔ ―⋅ ⎜―⎟ + ―⋅ ⎜―⎟ = 0.8 m
3 ⎝2⎠ 3 ⎝2⎠

5.3.4.- Calculo del momento M

rb ⋅ b
M ≔ ―― ⋅ ((b + m)) = 2991.805 kg ⋅ m
2

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 Hormigon Armado II
Est. Alejandro
Fernandez Cordero
11/04/2024

5.3.5.- Diagrama de cortante y momento

flector

5.4.-Esfuerzos axiales en las rampas superior e inferior

Calculo de Ft y Fd

ΣM ＝ 0
RB ⋅ L1
HA ≔ ――― = 8876.785 kg
H1

HD ≔ HA = 8876.785 kg

Por trigonometria
HA
FC ≔ ――― = 9999.143 kg
cos ⎛⎝α1⎞⎠

FT ≔ FC = 9999.143 kg
ton
E ≔ 15000 ⋅ ‾‾‾‾‾
((f'c)) 2 = 34722806.294 ――
m2

5.4.1.-Esfuerzos axiales en las rampas debido a la deformacion

del punto B:
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 Hormigon Armado II
Est. Alejandro
Fernandez Cordero
11/04/2024
5.4.1.-Esfuerzos axiales en las rampas debido a la deformacion
del punto B:

Estado 1: Deformacion por tension axial y por flexion:

Deformacion por tension axial

L ≔ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
H1 2 + L1 2 = 304.138 cm

3 ⋅ rb ⋅ ((b + m)) 2
δflexiom ≔ ――――― ⋅ L = 0.102 cm
sin ((α)) ⋅ t ⋅ E ⋅ b 2

rb ⋅ L
δtension ≔ ――――― = 0.00046 cm
sin ⎛⎝α1⎞⎠ ⋅ t ⋅ E

δtotal ≔ δflexiom + δtension = 0.10227 cm

Estado 2: Accion de la carga en la viga en voladizo:

rampa superior
rb ⋅ ((t)) 2 ⎛ 3 ⋅ ((b + m)) 2 ⎞ kg
r'b ≔ ――――― 2
⋅ ⎜ 1 + ―――― 2
⎟ = 68.123 ―
b m
4 ⋅ sin ⎛⎝α1⎞⎠ ⋅ L 2 ⎝ ⎠

calculo de la flecha
4 ⋅ r'b ⋅ b ⋅ L 3
δt ≔ ―――― 3
= 0.5403 cm 2
E⋅t

rampa inferior calculo del momento de empotramiento

Memp ≔ r'b ⋅ L ⋅ b = 248.627 kg ⋅ m

Memp = 0.274 ton ⋅ m

11
 Hormigon Armado II
Est. Alejandro
Fernandez Cordero
11/04/2024

6.- Calculo del acero de refuerzo

1.2 cm
d ≔ t - 2.5 cm - 0.6 cm - ――― = 13.85 cm
2
6.1.- calculo de la armaduras

Mmin = 1304.496 kg ⋅ m Mxz1 = 5494.152 kg ⋅ m

M = 2991.805 kg ⋅ m Mxz2 = 5494.152 kg ⋅ m

*Para Mmin
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 ⋅ Mmin
a≔d- d 2 - ―――――= 0.498 cm
0.9 ⋅ 0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ b
a = 0.498 cm ⎛ π ⋅ ((10 mm )) 2 ⎞ 100
Mmin As ≔ ⎜――――― ⎟ ⋅ ――
As1 ≔ ―――――= 2.537 cm 2 ⎝ 4 ⎠ 20
⎛ a⎞
0.9 ⋅ fy ⋅ ⎜d - ―⎟
⎝ 2⎠ As = 3.927 cm 2
As1 = 2.537 cm 2
Usar ϕ = 10 c/20cm

*Para M clear ⎛⎝a , As1 , As⎞⎠

‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2⋅M
a≔d- d 2 - ―――――= 1.17 cm
0.9 ⋅ 0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ b
a = 1.17 cm ⎛ π ⋅ ((10 mm )) 2 ⎞ 100
As ≔ ⎜――――― ⎟ ⋅ ――
M ⎝ 4 ⎠ 12
As1 ≔ ―――――= 5.967 cm 2
⎛ a⎞
0.9 ⋅ fy ⋅ ⎜d - ―⎟
⎝ 2⎠ As = 6.545 cm 2
As1 = 5.967 cm 2
Usar ϕ = 10 c/12cm

*Para Mxz1= Mxz2 clear ⎛⎝a , As1 , As⎞⎠

‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 ⋅ Mxz1
a≔d- d 2 - ―――――= 2.239 cm
0.9 ⋅ 0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ b
a = 2.239 cm ⎛ π ⋅ ((16 mm )) 2 ⎞ 100
Mxz1 As ≔ ⎜――――― ⎟ ⋅ ――
As1 ≔ ―――――= 11.417 cm 2 ⎝ 4 ⎠ 14
⎛ a⎞
0.9 ⋅ fy ⋅ ⎜d - ―⎟
⎝ 2⎠ As = 14.362 cm 2
As1 = 11.417 cm 2
Usar ϕ = 16 c/14cm

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 Hormigon Armado II
Est. Alejandro
Fernandez Cordero
11/04/2024

2.- Disenar la escalera de 3 tramos

clear ((f'c , fy))

Datos
kg
huella ≔ 0.296 m Ch ≔ 0.187 m chtring ≔ 0.171 m f'c ≔ 210 ――
cm 2
kg
fy ≔ 5000 ―― ln ≔ 2.37 m α ≔ 35 ° r ≔ 3 cm
cm 2

l ≔ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
((1.58 m)) 2 + ((2.37 m)) 2 = 0.285 m

l = 28.484 cm

VERIFICACION:

2 ⋅ Ch + huella = 67 cm OK CUMPLE

2 ⋅ chtring + huella = 63.8 cm

Calculo del peralte de la losa

l
h ≔ ― = 1.187 cm
24
clear ⎛⎝h , t1 , t2⎞⎠
Adoptaremos:

h ≔ 10 cm

Calculo del valor de t (losa de la escalera sin contar los peldanos)

ln ln
t1 ≔ ― = 0.119 m t2 ≔ ― = 0.099 m
20 24
t1 + t2
tprom ≔ ――= 10.863 cm CUMPLE
2

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 Hormigon Armado II
Est. Alejandro
Fernandez Cordero
11/04/2024

Calculo de la altura media (Altura promedio de la escalera):

tprom Ch
Hm ≔ ――― + ―― = 0.226 m
(
cos (α)) 2

Calculo de cargas

* Calculo de descanso A=B

ton kg
Ppropio ≔ huella ⋅ 0.8 m ⋅ 2.5 ―― = 537.053 ―
m3 m

kg kg
Ppropio_ceramico ≔ 0.8 m ⋅ 50 ――2
= 40 ―
m m

kg kg
Pacabado ≔ 0.8 m ⋅ 30 ――2
= 24 ―
m m

kg
Pbarandado ≔ 50 ―
m
kg
CMD ≔ Ppropio + Ppropio_ceramico + Pacabado + Pbarandado = 651.053 ―
m
kg kg
CVD ≔ 40 ―― ⋅ 0.8 m = 32 ―
m2 m

* Calculo de la Garganta C=D

⎛ huella ⋅ Ch ⎞ 1 ton kg
Ppropio_peldano ≔ ⎜―――― ⎟ ⋅ 9 ⋅ 0.8 m ⋅ ―⋅ 2.5 ―― = 148.594 ―
⎝ 2 ⎠ L m 3
m

ton kg
Ppropio_losa_G ≔ 0.8 m ⋅ huella ⋅ 2.5 ――3
= 537.053 ―
m m

kg kg
Pacabado_G ≔ 0.8 m ⋅ 30 ―― = 24 ―
m2 m

kg kg
Pceramico_G ≔ 0.8 m ⋅ 50 ――2
= 40 ―
m m

kg kg
Pbarandado_G ≔ 2 ⋅ 50 ― = 100 ―
m m
CMG ≔ Ppropio_peldano + Ppropio_losa_G + Pacabado_G + Pceramico_G + Pbarandado_G
kg
CMG = 849.647 ―
m
kg kg
CVG ≔ 40 ――2
⋅ 0.8 m = 32 ―
m m

14
 Hormigon Armado II
Est. Alejandro
Fernandez Cordero
11/04/2024

* Carga Mayorada:
kg
quD ≔ 1.2 ⋅ CMD + 1.6 ⋅ CVD = 832.464 ―
m
kg
quG ≔ 1.2 ⋅ CMG + 1.6 ⋅ CVG = 1070.777 ―
m
Calculo de las reacciones clear ((l))

a) Apoyo "A" l ≔ 0.8 m

∑ MA ＝ 0

quD ⋅ ((l)) 2 ⎛ ln ⎞ ⎛l ⎞ solve , Rb 1268.8702

Rb ≔ ―――+ quG ⋅ cos ((α)) ⋅ ln ⋅ ⎜―+ l⎟ + quD ⋅ l ⋅ ⎜―+ ln + l⎟ - ⎛⎝Rb ⋅ 3.97 m⎞⎠ ＝ 0 ――― → ――――
2 ⎝2 ⎠ ⎝2 ⎠
Rb = 7699.11 kg

b) Apoyo "B"

∑ MB ＝ 0

quD ⋅ ((l)) 2 ⎛ ln ⎞ ⎛l ⎞ solve , Ra 1268.8702739

Ra ≔ ―――+ quG ⋅ cos ((α)) ⋅ ln ⋅ ⎜―+ l⎟ + quD ⋅ l ⋅ ⎜―+ ln + l⎟ - ⎛⎝Ra ⋅ 3.97 m⎞⎠ ＝ 0 ――― → ――――
2 ⎝2 ⎠ ⎝2 ⎠
Rb = 7699.11 kg

c) Cálculo de esfuerzos de corte

∑ Qizq_c ＝ 0

solve , Rc -1268.8702739618073675 ⋅ kg ⋅ m ⋅ cos (35.0 ⋅ °) + (665.971

( ) (
Rc ≔ ⎛⎝quD ⋅ l⎞⎠ - ⎛⎝Ra + Rc⎞⎠ ＝ 0 ――― → ――――――――――――――――――
m

Rc ≔ 1.033 ton

d) Cálculo de esfuerzos de corte en tramo inclinado

∑ Qder_c ＝ 0

solve , RD 1268.8702739618073675 ⋅ kg ⋅ m ⋅ cos (35.0 ⋅ °

(
Rd ≔ Ra ⋅ cos ((α)) - quD ⋅ l ⋅ cos ((α)) - RD ＝ 0 ――― → ――――――――――――――

Rd ≔ 0.847 ton

15
 Hormigon Armado II
Est. Alejandro
Fernandez Cordero
11/04/2024

3.- Cálculo de momento máximo

a) Cálculo de distancia "x"

Por simetría la "x" se encuentra a mitad del x ≔ 1.453 m

tramo inclinado:

b) Cálculo de momento máximo

∑ Mizq_c ＝ 0
ln 2
Mizq_c ≔ Ra ⋅ ln - quD ⋅ ―― = 17.537 ton ⋅ m
2
Mizq_c = 17.537 ton ⋅ m

∑ MX ＝ 0
⎛ ⎛ ln ⋅ cos ((α)) ⎞⎞ 2
Mx ≔ Ra ⋅ cos ((α)) ⋅ ((((ln ⋅ cos ((α)))) + x)) + Ra ⋅ sin ((α)) ⋅ ln ⋅ sin ((α)) - quD ⋅ cos ((α)) ⋅ ⎜x + ⎜―――― ⎟⎟ - quD ⋅ sin ((
⎝ ⎝ 2 ⎠⎠

Mx = 19.33 ton ⋅ m

∑ Mder_c ＝ 0
ln 2
Mder_c ≔ Ra ⋅ ln - quD ⋅ ―― = 17.537 ton ⋅ m
2
Mder_c = 17.537 ton ⋅ m

4.- Cálculo de refuerzos de corte

Losa "CD" (tramo

inclinado) clear ((As))
2
cm
As necesario = 16.56 ―― en los 1 m de ancho
m
15 π ⋅ ((12 mm )) 2 cm 2
As ≔ ― ⋅ ――――― = 169.646 ―― Usar: ϕ 12 mm c / 7 cm
m 4 m

Usar armadura en la otra dirección como repartición: As = 6

mm c / 20 cm
Losa "AC" y "DB" (tramo
horizontal) clear ((As))
2
cm
As necesario = 8.77 ―― en los 1 m de ancho
m
8 π ⋅ ((12 mm )) 2 cm 2
As ≔ ―⋅ ――――― = 90.478 ―― Usar: ϕ 12 mm c / 12.5
m 4 m cm

16
 Hormigon Armado II
Est. Alejandro
8 π ⋅ ((12 mm )) 2 cm 2 Fernandez Cordero
As ≔ ―⋅ ――――― = 90.478 ―― Usar: ϕ 12 mm c / 12.5
m 4 m 11/04/2024
cm

Usar armadura en la otra dirección como repartición: As = 6

mm c / 20 cm

17