Diseño factorial

Ejemplo 5.2 (Página 135, análisis y diseño de experimentos, Gutiérrez y de la Vara)

Importamos los datos a RStudio Cloud

Instalamos los paquetes necesarios
install.packages("ggplot2")
library(ggplot2)
install.packages("agricolae")
library(agricolae)
install.packages("car")
library(car)
library(carData)
Para usar las variables de manera independiente
> attach(Ejemplo_5_2)
Convertimos las variables a factor
> Datos <-
data.frame(Profundidad=as.factor(Profundidad),Velocidad=as.factor(Velocidad),Acabado=Ac
abado)

Realizamos un gráfico de caja para “Profundidad”, “Velocidad” y “Profundidad*Velocidad”

Gráfica para Profundidad
> GraficaP <- ggplot(Datos,aes(Profundidad,Acabado))
+geom_boxplot(aes(colour=Profundidad))
> GraficaP

Gráfica para Velocidad

> GraficaV <- ggplot(Datos,aes(Velocidad,Acabado))+geom_boxplot(aes(colour=Velocidad))
> GraficaV
Gráfica para Profundidad*Velocidad
> GraficaPV <- ggplot(Datos,aes(Profundidad,Acabado))
+geom_boxplot(aes(colour=Velocidad))
> GraficaPV
Realizamos el cuadro ANOVA
> Modelo <- aov(Acabado~Profundidad*Velocidad)
> summary(Modelo)

Realizamos la comparación múltiple de medias

> Comparaciones <- TukeyHSD(Modelo)
> Comparaciones

$`Profundidad:Velocidad`
diff lwr upr p adj
0.18:0.2-0.15:0.2 7.3333333 -8.4443944 23.111061 0.8621754
0.21:0.2-0.15:0.2 21.3333333 5.5556056 37.111061 0.0026516
0.24:0.2-0.15:0.2 33.6666667 17.8889389 49.444394 0.0000035
0.15:0.25-0.15:0.2 22.6666667 6.8889389 38.444394 0.0012723
0.18:0.25-0.15:0.2 30.6666667 14.8889389 46.444394 0.0000165
0.21:0.25-0.15:0.2 34.6666667 18.8889389 50.444394 0.0000021
0.24:0.25-0.15:0.2 38.3333333 22.5556056 54.111061 0.0000004
0.15:0.3-0.15:0.2 33.6666667 17.8889389 49.444394 0.0000035
0.18:0.3-0.15:0.2 33.3333333 17.5556056 49.111061 0.0000041
0.21:0.3-0.15:0.2 39.6666667 23.8889389 55.444394 0.0000002
0.24:0.3-0.15:0.2 44.6666667 28.8889389 60.444394 0.0000000
0.21:0.2-0.18:0.2 14.0000000 -1.7777277 29.777728 0.1156484
0.24:0.2-0.18:0.2 26.3333333 10.5556056 42.111061 0.0001693
0.15:0.25-0.18:0.2 15.3333333 -0.4443944 31.111061 0.0620975
0.18:0.25-0.18:0.2 23.3333333 7.5556056 39.111061 0.0008807
0.21:0.25-0.18:0.2 27.3333333 11.5556056 43.111061 0.0000982
0.24:0.25-0.18:0.2 31.0000000 15.2222723 46.777728 0.0000139
0.15:0.3-0.18:0.2 26.3333333 10.5556056 42.111061 0.0001693
0.18:0.3-0.18:0.2 26.0000000 10.2222723 41.777728 0.0002031
0.21:0.3-0.18:0.2 32.3333333 16.5556056 48.111061 0.0000069
0.24:0.3-0.18:0.2 37.3333333 21.5556056 53.111061 0.0000006
0.24:0.2-0.21:0.2 12.3333333 -3.4443944 28.111061 0.2331919
0.15:0.25-0.21:0.2 1.3333333 -14.4443944 17.111061 1.0000000
0.18:0.25-0.21:0.2 9.3333333 -6.4443944 25.111061 0.6067268
0.21:0.25-0.21:0.2 13.3333333 -2.4443944 29.111061 0.1548689
0.24:0.25-0.21:0.2 17.0000000 1.2222723 32.777728 0.0270232
0.15:0.3-0.21:0.2 12.3333333 -3.4443944 28.111061 0.2331919
0.18:0.3-0.21:0.2 12.0000000 -3.7777277 27.777728 0.2649724
0.21:0.3-0.21:0.2 18.3333333 2.5556056 34.111061 0.0134649
0.24:0.3-0.21:0.2 23.3333333 7.5556056 39.111061 0.0008807
0.15:0.25-0.24:0.2 -11.0000000 -26.7777277 4.777728 0.3773797
0.18:0.25-0.24:0.2 -3.0000000 -18.7777277 12.777728 0.9998762
0.21:0.25-0.24:0.2 1.0000000 -14.7777277 16.777728 1.0000000
0.24:0.25-0.24:0.2 4.6666667 -11.1110611 20.444394 0.9935407
0.15:0.3-0.24:0.2 0.0000000 -15.7777277 15.777728 1.0000000
0.18:0.3-0.24:0.2 -0.3333333 -16.1110611 15.444394 1.0000000
0.21:0.3-0.24:0.2 6.0000000 -9.7777277 21.777728 0.9585056
0.24:0.3-0.24:0.2 11.0000000 -4.7777277 26.777728 0.3773797
0.18:0.25-0.15:0.25 8.0000000 -7.7777277 23.777728 0.7881462
0.21:0.25-0.15:0.25 12.0000000 -3.7777277 27.777728 0.2649724
0.24:0.25-0.15:0.25 15.6666667 -0.1110611 31.444394 0.0528028
0.15:0.3-0.15:0.25 11.0000000 -4.7777277 26.777728 0.3773797
0.18:0.3-0.15:0.25 10.6666667 -5.1110611 26.444394 0.4200394
0.21:0.3-0.15:0.25 17.0000000 1.2222723 32.777728 0.0270232
0.24:0.3-0.15:0.25 22.0000000 6.2222723 37.777728 0.0018375
0.21:0.25-0.18:0.25 4.0000000 -11.7777277 19.777728 0.9982365
0.24:0.25-0.18:0.25 7.6666667 -8.1110611 23.444394 0.8270901
0.15:0.3-0.18:0.25 3.0000000 -12.7777277 18.777728 0.9998762
0.18:0.3-0.18:0.25 2.6666667 -13.1110611 18.444394 0.9999609
0.21:0.3-0.18:0.25 9.0000000 -6.7777277 24.777728 0.6544316
0.24:0.3-0.18:0.25 14.0000000 -1.7777277 29.777728 0.1156484
0.24:0.25-0.21:0.25 3.6666667 -12.1110611 19.444394 0.9991877
0.15:0.3-0.21:0.25 -1.0000000 -16.7777277 14.777728 1.0000000
0.18:0.3-0.21:0.25 -1.3333333 -17.1110611 14.444394 1.0000000
0.21:0.3-0.21:0.25 5.0000000 -10.7777277 20.777728 0.9888577
0.24:0.3-0.21:0.25 10.0000000 -5.7777277 25.777728 0.5112272
0.15:0.3-0.24:0.25 -4.6666667 -20.4443944 11.111061 0.9935407
0.18:0.3-0.24:0.25 -5.0000000 -20.7777277 10.777728 0.9888577
0.21:0.3-0.24:0.25 1.3333333 -14.4443944 17.111061 1.0000000
0.24:0.3-0.24:0.25 6.3333333 -9.4443944 22.111061 0.9410768
0.18:0.3-0.15:0.3 -0.3333333 -16.1110611 15.444394 1.0000000
0.21:0.3-0.15:0.3 6.0000000 -9.7777277 21.777728 0.9585056
0.24:0.3-0.15:0.3 11.0000000 -4.7777277 26.777728 0.3773797
0.21:0.3-0.18:0.3 6.3333333 -9.4443944 22.111061 0.9410768
0.24:0.3-0.18:0.3 11.3333333 -4.4443944 27.111061 0.3371703
0.24:0.3-0.21:0.3 5.0000000 -10.7777277 20.777728 0.9888577
Realizamos las gráficas de las comparaciones
> GraficaComp <- plot(Comparaciones)
Gráfica de factores principales
Calculamos la media para cada profundidad
> MediasP <- tapply(Acabado,Profundidad,mean)
> MediasP

Realizamos el vector de valores de las medias

> MediasP <- c(84.78,89.78,97.89,104.89)
> Mediasp
Realizamos el vector de valores de la profundidad
> Prof <- c(0.15,0.18,0.21,0.24)
> Prof

Hacemos un data frame con los vectores de “MediasP” y “Prof”

> DatosP <- data.frame(Prof,MediasP)
> DatosP

Ahora realizamos la gráfica

> GraficaFP <- ggplot(DatosP,aes(Prof,MediasP,colour=Prof))+geom_line()
+geom_point(size=2,shape=21,fill="red")+labs(x="Profundidad",y="Media de Acabado")
> GraficaFP

Calculamos la media para cada velocidad

> MediasV <- tapply(Acabado,Velocidad,mean)
> MediasV
Realizamos el vector de valores de las medias
> MediasV <- c(81.58,97.58,103.83)
> MediasV

Realizamos el vector de valores de la velocidad

> Vel <- c(0.2,0.25,0.30)
> Vel

Hacemos un data frame con los vectores de “MediasV” y “Vel”

> DatosV <- data.frame(Vel,MediasV)
> DatosV

Ahora realizamos la gráfica

> GraficaFV <- ggplot(DatosV,aes(Vel,MediasV,colour=Vel))+geom_line()
+geom_point(size=2,shape=21,fill="red")+labs(x="Velocidad",y="Media de Acabado")
> GraficaFV

Gráfica de interacciones
> GraficaInter <-
ggplot(Datos,aes(Profundidad,Acabado,colour=Velocidad,group=Velocidad))
+stat_summary(fun=mean,geom = "point")+stat_summary(fun = mean, geom = "line")+labs(y =
"media (Acabado)") + theme_bw()
> GraficaInter
Supuestos del modelo
> plot(Modelo)
Normalidad
> Normalidad <- shapiro.test(Modelo$residuals)
> Normalidad
Homocedasticidad
> Homocedasticidad <- leveneTest(Acabado~Profundidad*Velocidad,center="median")
> Homocedasticidad