Diseño de Zapata

Combinada
Datos generales
tonnef tonnef tonnef
σs ≔ 14 ――― γconc ≔ 2.4 ――― γsue ≔ 1.8 ―――
m2 m3 m3

kgf kgf tonnef

fy ≔ 4200 ―― fc ≔ 210 ―― Sc ≔ 0.4 ―――
cm 2 cm 2 m2
Lc ≔ 3.35 m Luz eje de columna a f ≔ 1.2
columna

Nota: 10%para s1 h ≔ 0.6 m

15% para s2
20% para s3 d ≔ h - 0.1 m = 0.5 m

Df ≔ 1.6 m

Datos de columna C1

b1 ≔ 0.4 m t1 ≔ 0.7 m

Cargas Axiales
Pm1 ≔ 103 tonnef Pv1 ≔ 28 tonnef

Longitudinal
Psx1 ≔ 7 tonnef Mmx1 ≔ 0 tonnef ⋅ m Mvx1 ≔ 0 tonnef ⋅ m Mxx1 ≔ 17 tonnef ⋅ m

Transversal
Psy1 ≔ 0 tonnef Mmy1 ≔ 0 tonnef ⋅ m Mvy1 ≔ 0 tonnef ⋅ m Myy1 ≔ 15 tonnef ⋅ m

Datos de columna C2

b2 ≔ 0.4 m t2 ≔ 0.7 m

Cargas Axiales
Pm2 ≔ 98 tonnef Pv2 ≔ 27 tonnef

Longitudinal
Psx2 ≔ 9 tonnef Mmx2 ≔ 0 tonnef ⋅ m Mvx2 ≔ 0 tonnef ⋅ m Mxx2 ≔ 17 tonnef ⋅ m

Transversal
Psy2 ≔ 0 tonnef Mmy2 ≔ 0 tonnef ⋅ m Mvy2 ≔ 0 tonnef ⋅ m Myy2 ≔ 15 tonnef ⋅ m
Solución

1) Esfuerzo neto del terreno

Solo para cargas de gravedad
tonnef
( )
σn ≔ σs - (Df - h) ⋅ γsue - h ⋅ γconc - Sc = 10.36 ―――
m2

tonnef
1.3 ⋅ σn = 13.468 ――― cargas de gravedad mas sismo
m2

2)Predimensionamiento

Pt ≔ Pm1 + Pm2 + Pv1 + Pv2 = 256 tonnef

Pt ⋅ f
Az ≔ ――= 29.653 m 2
σn

Nota: Determinar centro de gravedad, considerando las cargas.

((Pm1 + Pv1)) ⋅ Lc + ((Mmx1 + Mmx2 + Mvx1 + Mvx2))

Xcg ≔ ――――――――――――――――― = 1.714 m
Pt

XCG ≔ 1.75 m

Nota: Considerar una longitud de volado no muy largo.

Lv ≔ 1.6 m Longitud de volado q asumimos

Lcg ≔ 1.8 m Longitud del cg hacia una columna

L ≔ 2 ⋅ ((Lv + Lcg)) = 6.8 m

Az
Bi ≔ ―― = 4.361 m
L
 Az
Bi ≔ ―― = 4.361 m
L

B ≔ 4.5 m

Azf ≔ L ⋅ B = 30.6 m 2

3)Verificación Presión

Por cargas de Gravedad

Pt ⋅ f 6 ⋅ ((Mmy1 + Mvy1 + Mmy2 + Mvy2)) tonnef
σ1 ≔ ――+ ―――――――――――― = 10.039 ―――
Azf L ⋅ B2 m2

Pt ⋅ f 6 ⋅ ((Mmy1 + Mvy1 + Mmy2 + Mvy2)) tonnef

σ2 ≔ ――- ―――――――――――― = 10.039 ―――
Azf L⋅B 2
m2

Por cargas de Gravedad (CM+50%CV en columna C2)

Pt1 ≔ Pm1 + Pm2 + Pv1 + 0.5 ⋅ Pv2 = 242.5 tonnef

((Pm1 + Pv1)) ⋅ Lc + ((Mmx1 + Mmx2 + Mvx1 + 0.5 ⋅ Mvx2))

Xcg1 ≔ ―――――――――――――――――― = 1.81 m
Pt1

e1 ≔ Xcg1 - XCG = 0.06 m

Pt1 ⋅ f 6 ⋅ ((Pt1 ⋅ e1)) 6 ⋅ ((Mmy1 + Mvy1 + Mmy2 + Mvy2)) tonnef
σ11 ≔ ――― + ―――― + ―――――――――――― = 9.927 ―――
Azf B⋅L 2
L⋅B 2
m2

Pt1 ⋅ f 6 ⋅ ((Pt1 ⋅ e1)) 6 ⋅ ((Mmy1 + Mvy1 + Mmy2 + Mvy2)) tonnef

σ22 ≔ ――― + ―――― - ―――――――――――― = 9.927 ―――
Azf B⋅L 2
L⋅B 2
m2

Pt1 ⋅ f 6 ⋅ ((Pt1 ⋅ e1)) 6 ⋅ ((Mmy1 + Mvy1 + Mmy2 + Mvy2)) tonnef

σ33 ≔ ――― - ―――― + ―――――――――――― = 9.092 ―――
Azf B ⋅ L2 L ⋅ B2 m2
Pt1 ⋅ f 6 ⋅ ((Pt1 ⋅ e1)) 6 ⋅ ((Mmy1 + Mvy1 + Mmy2 + Mvy2)) tonnef
σ44 ≔ ――― - ―――― - ―――――――――――― = 9.092 ―――
Azf B ⋅ L2 L ⋅ B2 m2

Por cargas de Gravedad (CM+50%CV en columna C1)

Pt2 ≔ Pm1 + Pm2 + 0.5 ⋅ Pv1 + Pv2 = 266.759 tonf

((Pm1 + 0.5 ⋅ Pv1)) ⋅ Lc + ((Mmx1 + Mmx2 + 0.5 ⋅ Mvx1 + Mvx2))

Xcg2 ≔ ―――――――――――――――――――= 1.62 m
Pt2
e2 ≔ Xcg2 - XCG = -0.13 m
 Pt2 ⋅ f 6 ⋅ ((Pt2 ⋅ e2)) 6 ⋅ ((Mmy1 + Mvy1 + Mmy2 + Mvy2)) tonnef
σ11 ≔ ――― + ―――― + ―――――――――――― = 8.58 ―――
Azf B ⋅ L2 L ⋅ B2 m2

Pt2 ⋅ f 6 ⋅ ((Pt2 ⋅ e2)) 6 ⋅ ((Mmy1 + Mvy1 + Mmy2 + Mvy2)) tonnef

σ22 ≔ ――― + ―――― - ―――――――――――― = 8.58 ―――
Azf B⋅L 2
L⋅B 2
m2

Pt2 ⋅ f 6 ⋅ ((Pt2 ⋅ e2)) 6 ⋅ ((Mmy1 + Mvy1 + Mmy2 + Mvy2)) tonnef

σ33 ≔ ――― - ―――― + ―――――――――――― = 10.4 ―――
Azf B⋅L 2
L⋅B 2
m2

Pt2 ⋅ f 6 ⋅ ((Pt2 ⋅ e2)) 6 ⋅ ((Mmy1 + Mvy1 + Mmy2 + Mvy2)) tonnef

σ44 ≔ ――― - ―――― - ―――――――――――― = 10.4 ―――
Azf B ⋅ L2 L ⋅ B2 m2

Por cargas de Gravedad +Long sismo antihorario

Pt3 ≔ Pm1 + Pm2 + Pv1 + Pv2 - Psx1 - Psx2 = 240 tonnef

((Pm1 + Pv1 - Psx1)) ⋅ Lc + ((Mmx1 + Mmx2 + Mvx1 + Mvx2 - Mxx1 - Mxx2))
Xcg3 ≔ ―――――――――――――――――――――――― = 1.589 m
Pt3

e3 ≔ Xcg3 - XCG = -0.161 m

Pt3 ⋅ f 6 ⋅ ((Pt3 ⋅ e3)) 6 ⋅ ((Mmy1 + Mvy1 + Mmy2 + Mvy2)) tonnef

σ11 ≔ ――― + ―――― + ―――――――――――― = 8.299 ―――
Azf B⋅L 2
L⋅B 2
m2

Pt3 ⋅ f 6 ⋅ ((Pt3 ⋅ e3)) 6 ⋅ ((Mmy1 + Mvy1 + Mmy2 + Mvy2)) tonnef

σ22 ≔ ――― + ―――― - ―――――――――――― = 8.299 ―――
Azf B⋅L 2
L⋅B 2
m2

Pt3 ⋅ f 6 ⋅ ((Pt3 ⋅ e3)) 6 ⋅ ((Mmy1 + Mvy1 + Mmy2 + Mvy2)) tonnef

σ33 ≔ ――― - ―――― + ―――――――――――― = 10.525 ―――
Azf B⋅L 2
L⋅B 2
m2

Pt3 ⋅ f 6 ⋅ ((Pt3 ⋅ e3)) 6 ⋅ ((Mmy1 + Mvy1 + Mmy2 + Mvy2)) tonnef

σ44 ≔ ――― - ―――― - ―――――――――――― = 10.525 ―――
Azf B⋅L 2
L⋅B 2
m2

Por cargas de Gravedad +Long sismo horario

Pt4 ≔ Pm1 + Pm2 + Pv1 + Pv2 + Psx1 + Psx2 = 272 tonnef

((Pm1 + Pv1 + Psx1)) ⋅ Lc + ((Mmx1 + Mmx2 + Mvx1 + Mvx2 + Mxx1 + Mxx2))

Xcg4 ≔ ―――――――――――――――――――――――― = 1.825 m
Pt4

e4 ≔ Xcg4 - XCG = 0.075 m

Pt4 ⋅ f 6 ⋅ ((Pt4 ⋅ e4)) 6 ⋅ ((Mmy1 + Mvy1 + Mmy2 + Mvy2)) tonnef
σ11 ≔ ――― + ―――― + ―――――――――――― = 11.252 ―――
Azf B⋅L 2
L⋅B 2
m2
 Pt4 ⋅ f 6 ⋅ ((Pt4 ⋅ e4)) 6 ⋅ ((Mmy1 + Mvy1 + Mmy2 + Mvy2)) tonnef
σ11 ≔ ――― + ―――― + ―――――――――――― = 11.252 ―――
Azf B ⋅ L2 L ⋅ B2 m2

Pt4 ⋅ f 6 ⋅ ((Pt4 ⋅ e4)) 6 ⋅ ((Mmy1 + Mvy1 + Mmy2 + Mvy2)) tonnef

σ22 ≔ ――― + ―――― - ―――――――――――― = 11.252 ―――
Azf B⋅L 2
L⋅B 2
m2

Pt4 ⋅ f 6 ⋅ ((Pt4 ⋅ e4)) 6 ⋅ ((Mmy1 + Mvy1 + Mmy2 + Mvy2)) tonnef

σ33 ≔ ――― - ―――― + ―――――――――――― = 10.081 ―――
Azf B⋅L 2
L⋅B 2
m2

Pt4 ⋅ f 6 ⋅ ((Pt4 ⋅ e4)) 6 ⋅ ((Mmy1 + Mvy1 + Mmy2 + Mvy2)) tonnef

σ44 ≔ ――― - ―――― - ―――――――――――― = 10.081 ―――
Azf B⋅L 2
L⋅B 2
m2

Por cargas de Gravedad +Trans sismo horario

Pt5 ≔ Pm1 + Pm2 + Pv1 + Pv2 + Psy1 + Psy2 = 256 tonnef

((Pm1 + Pv1 + Psy1)) ⋅ Lc + ((Mmx1 + Mmx2 + Mvx1 + Mvx2))

Xcg5 ≔ ――――――――――――――――――― = 1.714 m
Pt5
e5 ≔ Xcg5 - XCG = -0.036 m

Pt5 ⋅ f 6 ⋅ ((Pt5 ⋅ e5)) 6 ⋅ ((Mmy1 + Mvy1 + Mmy2 + Mvy2 + Myy1 + Myy2)) tonnef
σ11 ≔ ――― + ――――+ ――――――――――――――――― = 11.083 ―――
Azf B ⋅ L2 L ⋅ B2 m2

Pt5 ⋅ f 6 ⋅ ((Pt5 ⋅ e5)) 6 ⋅ ((Mmy1 + Mvy1 + Mmy2 + Mvy2 + Myy1 + Myy2)) tonnef
σ22 ≔ ――― + ――――- ――――――――――――――――― = 8.468 ―――
Azf B⋅L 2
L⋅B 2
m2

Pt5 ⋅ f 6 ⋅ ((Pt5 ⋅ e5)) 6 ⋅ ((Mmy1 + Mvy1 + Mmy2 + Mvy2 + Myy1 + Myy2)) tonnef
σ33 ≔ ――― - ――――- ――――――――――――――――― = 8.996 ―――
Azf B⋅L 2
L⋅B 2
m2

Pt5 ⋅ f 6 ⋅ ((Pt5 ⋅ e5)) 6 ⋅ ((Mmy1 + Mvy1 + Mmy2 + Mvy2 + Myy1 + Myy2)) tonnef
σ33 ≔ ――― - ――――+ ――――――――――――――――― = 11.61 ―――
Azf B ⋅ L2 L ⋅ B2 m2

4)Determinar el esfuerzo ultimo

Por cargas de Gravedad

Ptu ≔ 1.4 ⋅ Pm1 + 1.4 ⋅ Pm2 + 1.7 ⋅ Pv1 + 1.7 ⋅ Pv2 = 374.9 tonnef

Ptu 6 ⋅ ((1.4 Mmy1 + 1.7 Mvy1 + 1.4 Mmy2 + 1.7 Mvy2)) tonnef
σu ≔ ―― + ―――――――――――――――― = 12.252 ―――
Azf L⋅B 2
m2

Nota: Para el esfuerzo ultimo, generalmente gobierna para el caso de solo cargas por
gravedad.

5)Modelo Matemático
5)Modelo Matemático

Nota: El modelo matemático, se considera para una franja de 1m

((1.4 ⋅ Pm1 + 1.7 ⋅ Pv1)) ⋅ 1 m

Pu1 ≔ ――――――――― = 42.622 tonnef
B

((1.4 ⋅ Pm2 + 1.7 ⋅ Pv2)) ⋅ 1 m

Pu2 ≔ ――――――――― = 40.689 tonnef
B

6)Diseño Estructural

6.1)Diseño por punzonamiento

4.1.1:Evaluación de fuerza ( A E)

Nota: Para la cortante ultima por punzonamiento se toma la siguiente

expresión: Vu=Pu- σuAo

Pu1z ≔ 1.4 ⋅ Pm1 + 1.7 ⋅ Pv1 = 191.8 tonnef

C1 ≔ d + b1 = 0.9 m

C2 ≔ d + t1 = 1.2 m
 C2 ≔ d + t1 = 1.2 m

Ao ≔ C1 ⋅ C2 = 1.08 m 2

Vucf ≔ Pu1z - σu ⋅ Ao = 178.568 tonnef

3.2:Resistencia
t1
bo ≔ 2 ⋅ C1 + 2 ⋅ C2 = 4.2 m βc ≔ ―= 1.75
b1

2
⎛ 1.06 ⎞ ‾‾‾
kgf 2 ‾‾ cm 2 ⎛
1 CASO: Vc1 ≔ ⎜0.53 + ―― ⎟ ――― ⋅ fc ⋅ bo ⋅ d ⋅ 10000 ⋅ ―― = ⎝3.456 ⋅ 10 5 ⎞⎠ kgf
⎝ βc ⎠ cm m 2

1 tonnef
Vcf1 ≔ Vc1 ⋅ ――――― = 345.619 tonnef
1000 kgf

2
‾‾‾
kgf 2 ‾‾ cm 2 ⎛
2 CASO Vc2 ≔ ((1.06)) ――― ⋅ fc ⋅ bo ⋅ d ⋅ 10000 ⋅ ―― = ⎝3.226 ⋅ 10 5 ⎞⎠ kgf
cm m 2

1 tonnef
Vcf2 ≔ Vc2 ⋅ ――――― = 322.578 tonnef
1000 kgf

as ≔ 40

3 CASO ‾‾‾
2
⎛ ⎛ as ⋅ d ⎞⎞ kgf 2 ‾‾ cm 2 ⎛
Vc3 ≔ ⎜0.27 ⋅ ⎜――+ 2⎟⎟ ――― ⋅ fc ⋅ bo ⋅ d ⋅ 10000 ⋅ ―― = ⎝5.556 ⋅ 10 5 ⎞⎠ kgf
⎝ ⎝ bo ⎠⎠ cm m 2

1 tonnef
Vcf3 ≔ Vc3 ⋅ ――――― = 555.599 tonnef
1000 kgf

De los tres gobierna el menor ϕ ≔ 0.85

Vd ≔ ϕ ⋅ Vc2 = 274.191 tonnef

Vucf = 178.568 tonnef

Diseño Longitudinal

4)Diseño por Corte

4)Diseño por Corte

4.1)Cortante Ultima

Vuc ≔ 13.48 tonnef

4.2) Resistencia del corte

del concreto

2
‾‾‾
kgf 2 ‾‾ cm 2 ⎛
Vc ≔ ((0.53)) ――― ⋅ fc ⋅ 1 m ⋅ d ⋅ 10000 ⋅ ―― = ⎝3.84 ⋅ 10 4 ⎞⎠ kgf
cm m 2

1 tonnef
Vcc ≔ Vc ⋅ ――――― = 38.402 tonnef
1000 kgf

Vd ≔ ϕ ⋅ Vcc = 32.642 tonnef

Vuc = 13.48 tonnef

4.2)Diseño por Flexión

Momento Ultimo

Mu ≔ 16.14 tonnef ⋅ m

kgf
Muf ≔ Mu ⋅ 1000 ――― = 16140 kgf ⋅ m
tonnef

cm
ba ≔ 100 cm d1 ≔ d ⋅ 100 ―― = 50 cm
m
ϕf ≔ 0.9

cm
Muf ⋅ 100 ――
m kgf
Ku ≔ ――――― 2
= 6.456 ――
ba ⋅ d1 cm 2
 cm
Muf ⋅ 100 ――
m kgf
Ku ≔ ――――― 2
= 6.456 ――
ba ⋅ d1 cm 2

‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 Ku
0.81 - 2.124 ⋅ ――
ϕf -
fc
rho ≔ ――――――――⋅ fc = 0.00174
1.062 ⋅ fy

As ≔ rho ⋅ ba ⋅ d1 = 8.719 cm 2

Tabla de acero

ϕ8mm ≔ 0.5 cm 2
ϕ3Ι8 ≔ 0.71 cm 2
ϕ12mm ≔ 1.13 cm 2
ϕ1Ι2 ≔ 1.29 cm 2
ϕ5Ι8 ≔ 2 cm 2
ϕ3Ι4 ≔ 2.85 cm 2

ϕ5Ι8
S ≔ ――= 0.229
As

cm
rhomin ≔ 0.0018 Asmin1 ≔ rhomin ⋅ ba ⋅ h ⋅ 100 ―― = 10.8 cm 2
m

ϕ5Ι8
S ≔ ―――= 0.185
Asmin1