DISEÑO DE ZAPATA CENTRICA

DATOS DE ENTRADA
Diseñar la zapata céntrica:

A) DATOS
Carga viva de la zapata Pcv ≔ 73.22 tonnef

Carga muerta de la zapata Pcm ≔ 120.54 tonnef

kgf
Sobrecarga SC ≔ 450 ――
m2

sección de la columna D ≔ 40 cm

profundidad de desplante Df ≔ 1.6 m

kgf
peso especifico de relleno γr ≔ 1800 ――
m3
kgf
peso especifico del hormigón γH ≔ 2400 ――
m3
kgf
resistencia del hormigón f'c ≔ 210 ――
cm 2
kgf
fluencia del acero fy ≔ 5000 ――
cm 2
kgf
capacidad admisible del terreno qa ≔ 1.8 ――
cm 2

capacidad admisible del terreno Mxu ≔ 10.2 tonnef ⋅ m

capacidad admisible del terreno Myu ≔ 6.2 tonnef ⋅ m

B) AREA NECESARIA DE LA ZAPATA

Pcv + Pcm
AZ ≔ ―――――――― = 13.655 m 2
⎛ γr + γH ⎞
qa - ⎜――― ⎟ ⋅ Df - SC
⎝ 2 ⎠
D
L ≔ ‾‾‾
AZ + ―= 3.895 m L ≔ Ceil ((L , 5 cm)) L = 3.9 m
2
D
B ≔ ‾‾‾
AZ - ―= 3.495 m B ≔ Ceil ((B , 5 cm)) B = 3.5 m
2

C) EXENTRICIDADES

Myu Mxu
ey ≔ ―――― = 0.032 m ex ≔ ―――― = 0.053 m
Pcv + Pcm Pcv + Pcm

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 Pcv + Pcm 6 ⋅ ⎛⎝Pcv + Pcm⎞⎠ ⋅ ey 6 ⋅ ⎛⎝Pcv + Pcm⎞⎠ ⋅ ex tonnef
qmax ≔ ―――― + ―――――― + ―――――― = 16.175 ―――
B⋅L B⋅L 2
L⋅B 2
m2

Pcv + Pcm 6 ⋅ ⎛⎝Pcv + Pcm⎞⎠ ⋅ ey 6 ⋅ ⎛⎝Pcv + Pcm⎞⎠ ⋅ ex tonnef

qmin ≔ ―――― - ―――――― - ―――――― = 12.215 ―――
B⋅L B ⋅ L2 L ⋅ B2 m2

D') CALCULO DE CARGA PROMEDIO

⎛⎝qmax - qmin⎞⎠ ⋅ ((L - D)) tonnef

q1 ≔ ―――――――= 1.777 ―――
2⋅L m2
tonnef
q2 ≔ qmax - qmin = 3.96 ―――
m2
tonnef
q3 ≔ qmin + q2 = 16.175 ―――
m2

D) DISEÑO `POR FLEXION

L D
l ≔ ―- ―= 1.75 m
2 2
l2
Mu ≔ q3 ⋅ ―⋅ m = 24767.456 kgf ⋅ m b ≔ 100 cm ϕf ≔ 0.82 ϕl ≔ 12 mm
2

si, ρ ≔ 0.004 ρmin ≔ 0.003 r ≔ 7.5 cm ϕ ≔ 0.75

‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
Mu
d≔ ―――――――――― = 40.002 cm
⎛ 0.59 ⋅ ρ ⋅ fy ⎞
ϕf ⋅ ρ ⋅ fy ⋅ b ⋅ ⎜1 - ―――― ⎟
⎝ f'c ⎠
ϕl
hz ≔ d + r + ―= 48.102 cm hz ≔ Ceil ⎛⎝hz , 15 cm⎞⎠ hz = 60 cm
2
ϕl
d ≔ hz - r - ―= 51.9 cm
2

E) VERIFICACION AL CORTE POR PUNZONAMIENTO

⎛ qmax + qmin ⎞
Vup ≔ ⎜―――― ⎟ ⋅ ((((B ⋅ L)) - ((D + d)) ⋅ ((D + d)))) = 181771.565 kgf
⎝ 2 ⎠

b0 ≔ 2 ⋅ ((D + d)) + 2 ⋅ ((D + d)) = 367.6 cm

‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
kgf
Vcp ≔ ϕ ⋅ 1.06 ⋅ f'c ⋅ ――b0 ⋅ d = 219795.925 kgf
cm 2

Diseño ≔ if ⎛⎝Vup < Vcp , “Cumple” , “Revisar”⎞⎠ Diseño = “Cumple”

F) VERIFICACION AL CORTE

⎛ qmax - qmin ⎞ ⎛ L - D ⎞ tonnef

q4 ≔ ⎜―――― ⎟ ⋅ ⎜―― - d⎟ = 1.25 ―――
⎝ L ⎠ ⎝ 2 ⎠ m2
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 ⎛ qmax - qmin ⎞ ⎛ L - D ⎞ tonnef
q4 ≔ ⎜―――― ⎟ ⋅ ⎜―― - d⎟ = 1.25 ―――
⎝ L ⎠ ⎝ 2 ⎠ m2
tonnef
q5 ≔ qmax - q4 = 14.925 ―――
m2

⎛ ((l - d)) ⎞
Vu ≔ ⎜q5 ⋅ ((l - d)) + q4 ⋅ ――― ⎟ ⋅ m = 19141.756 kgf
⎝ 2 ⎠
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
kgf
Vc ≔ ϕ ⋅ 0.53 ⋅ f'c ⋅ ――⋅ b ⋅ d = 29896.073 kgf
cm 2

Diseño ≔ if ⎛⎝Vu < Vc , “Cumple” , “Revisar”⎞⎠ Diseño = “Cumple”

G) CALCULO DE REFUERZO DE ACERO

Ÿ Lado largo: L = 3.9 m

Mu = 24.767 tonnef ⋅ m d = 51.9 cm

f'c ⎛ 2.36 ⋅ Mu ⎞
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
ρnec ≔ ―――⋅ ⎜1 - 1 - ――――― ⎟ = 0.002
1.18 ⋅ fy ⎜⎝ ϕf ⋅ f'c ⋅ b ⋅ d 2 ⎟⎠

ρdis ≔ max ⎛⎝ρnec , ρmin⎞⎠ = 0.003

As ≔ ρdis ⋅ b ⋅ d = 15.57 cm 2 db ≔ 16 mm

⎛π⋅d 2 ⎞
b
As ⎛⎝Nb , db⎞⎠ ≔ Nb ⋅ ⎜――― ⎟
⎜⎝ 4 ⎟⎠

Realizar el armado real: As_pr ≔ As ⎛⎝8 , db⎞⎠ = 16.08 cm 2 Ab = 2.01 cm 2

Ab
Usando varillas de db = 16 mm la separación es: spos ≔ ――= 0.125
As_pr

Usar separación de: spos ≔ Trunc ⎛⎝spos ⋅ 100 cm , 1 cm⎞⎠ = 12 cm

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 Ÿ Lado corto: D
B D
⎛ 2 ⎞ ―- ―
⎜ ⎛―
B D⎞ ⎟ 2 2
⎜ - ―⎟ ⎟
qmax + qmin ⎜ ⎝ 2 2⎠
Muc ≔ ―――― ⋅ ⎜―――― ⎟ ⋅ m = 17.052 tonnef ⋅ m
2 ⎝ 2 ⎠
ϕl
dc ≔ hz - r - ϕl - ―= 50.7 cm B
2
f'c ⎛ 2.36 ⋅ Muc ⎞
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾ qmax + qmin
ρnec ≔ ―――⋅ ⎜1 - 1 - ――――― ⎟ = 0.002 ――――
1.18 ⋅ fy ⎜⎝ ϕf ⋅ f'c ⋅ b ⋅ dc 2 ⎟⎠ 2

ρdis ≔ max ⎛⎝ρnec , ρmin⎞⎠ = 0.003

As ≔ ρdis ⋅ b ⋅ dc = 15.21 cm 2 db ≔ 16 mm

Realizar el armado real: As_pr ≔ As ⎛⎝8 , db⎞⎠ = 16.08 cm 2 Ab = 2.01 cm 2

Ab
Usando varillas de db = 16 mm la separación es: spos ≔ ――= 0.125
As_pr
Usar separación de: spos ≔ Trunc ⎛⎝spos ⋅ 100 cm , 1 cm⎞⎠ = 12 cm

EAQUEMA DE ARMADO

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