4 1 −1 0

1 3 −1 0
𝐴=( )
−1 −1 5 2
0 0 2 4
𝐵 = (7 8 −4 6)′
𝐴𝑋 = 𝐵
𝑙11 0 0 0 𝑙11 𝑙12 𝑙13 𝑙14
𝑙 𝑙22 0 0 0 𝑙22 𝑙23 𝑙24
𝐿 = ( 21 ) 𝐿𝑡 = ( )
𝑙31 𝑙32 𝑙33 0 0 0 𝑙33 𝑙34
𝑙41 𝑙42 𝑙43 𝑙44 0 0 0 𝑙44
𝐴 = 𝐿𝑥𝐿𝑡

𝑙11 2 𝑙11 𝑙12 𝑙11 𝑙13 𝑙11 𝑙14

𝑙 𝑙 𝑙21 𝑙12 + 𝑙22 2 𝑙21 𝑙13 + 𝑙22 𝑙23 𝑙21 𝑙14 + 𝑙22 𝑙24
𝐴 = 11 21
𝑙31 𝑙11 𝑙31 𝑙12 + 𝑙32 𝑙22 𝑙31 𝑙13 + 𝑙32 𝑙23 + 𝑙33 2 𝑙31 𝑙14 + 𝑙32 𝑙24 + 𝑙33 𝑙34
(𝑙41 𝑙11 𝑙41 𝑙12 + 𝑙42 𝑙22 𝑙41 𝑙13 + 𝑙42 𝑙23 + 𝑙43 𝑙33 𝑙41 𝑙14 + 𝑙42 𝑙24 + 𝑙43 𝑙34 + 𝑙44 2 )

Igualando los elementos de A y LxLt:

𝑙11 2 = 4 → 𝑙11 = 2
𝑙11 𝑙12 = 1→ 𝑙12 = 0.5
𝑙11 𝑙13 = −1 → 𝑙13 = −0.5
𝑙11 𝑙14 = 0 → 𝑙14 = 0
𝑙11 𝑙21 = 1 → 𝑙21 = 0.5

𝑙21 𝑙12 + 𝑙22 2 = 3 → 𝑙22 = 1.658

𝑙21 𝑙13 + 𝑙22 𝑙23 = −1 → 𝑙23 = −0.452
𝑙21 𝑙14 + 𝑙22 𝑙24 = 0 → 𝑙24 = 0
𝑙31 𝑙11 = −1 → 𝑙31 = −0.5
𝑙31 𝑙12 + 𝑙32 𝑙22 = −1 → 𝑙32 = −0.452

𝑙31 𝑙13 + 𝑙32 𝑙23 + 𝑙33 2 = 5 → 𝑙33 = 2.335

𝑙31 𝑙14 + 𝑙32 𝑙24 + 𝑙33 𝑙34 = 2 → 𝑙34 = 0.856
𝑙41 𝑙11 = 0 → 𝑙41 = 0
𝑙41 𝑙12 + 𝑙42 𝑙22 = 0 → 𝑙42 = 0
𝑙41 𝑙13 + 𝑙42 𝑙23 + 𝑙43 𝑙33 = 2 → 𝑙43 = 0.856

𝑙41 𝑙14 + 𝑙42 𝑙24 + 𝑙43 𝑙34 + 𝑙44 2 = 4 → 𝑙44 = 1.807

Reemplazando los valores a L y Lt:

2 0 0 0 2 0.5 −0.5 0
0.5 1.658 0 0 𝑡 0 1.658 −0.452 0
𝐿=( ) 𝐿 =( )
−0.5 −0.452 2.335 0 0 0 2.335 0.856
0 0 0.856 1.807 0 0 0 1.807

Introducimos una variable auxiliar Y, se tiene las ecuaciones LtX=Y y LY=B

Resolvemos LY=B por sustitución progresiva y luego LtX=Y por sustitución regresiva.

Solución de arriba hacia abajo:

𝐿𝑌 = 𝐵
2 0 0 0 𝑦1 7
0.5 1.658 0 0 𝑦2 8
( ) (𝑦 ) = ( )
−0.5 −0.452 2.335 0 3 −4
0 0 0.856 1.807 𝑦4 6

Calculando los elementos de la matriz Y:

𝑦1 = 3.5
8 − 0.5(3.5)
𝑦2 = = 3.769
1.658
−4 + 0.5(3.5) + 0.452(3.769)
𝑦3 = = −0.234
2.335
6 − 0.586(−0.234)
𝑦4 = = 3.396
1.807
 𝑦1 3.5
𝑦2 3.769
(𝑦 ) = ( )
3 −0.234
𝑦4 3.396

Solución de Abajo hacia arriba:

𝐿𝑡 𝑋 = 𝑌
2 0.5 −0.5 0 𝑥1 3.5
0 1.658 −0.452 0 𝑥2 3.769
( ) (𝑥 ) = ( )
0 0 2.335 0.856 3 −0.234
0 0 0 1.807 𝑥4 3.396

Calculando los elementos de la matriz X:

𝑥4 =1.879
−0.234 − 0.856(1.879)
𝑥3 = = −0.789
2.335
3.769 − 0.452(−0.789)
𝑥2 = = 2.488
1.658
3.5 − 0.5(2.488) − 0.5(0.789)
𝑥1 = = 0.930
2
𝑥1 0.930
𝑥2 2.488
(𝑥 ) = ( )
3 −0.789
𝑥4 1.879
Finalmente:

𝒙𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝟗𝟑𝟎 = 𝟏
𝒙𝟐 = 𝟐. 𝟒𝟖𝟖 = 𝟐
𝒙𝟑 = −𝟎. 𝟕𝟖𝟗 = −𝟏
𝒙𝟒 = 𝟏. 𝟖𝟕𝟗 = 𝟐
Verificando los resultados con Octave

En el programa sale redondeado