E d i ción

5
R EV ISTA S EMESTRA L

( S c i e n c e , T e c h n o l o g y,
Engineering and Mathematics)
Metodologías activas Universidad San Marcos
 PECTiVA

Esta sección incluye artículos de

opinión los cuales son
caracterizados por presentar la
postura, valoraciones y análisis
sobre determinado asunto o
acontecimiento de interés del
autor.
 !"#$%&'()*'+,-$*'(./%&$&0*$1/'2(!).3(!"##$%&'(")*+"#,$-./'01$#$%&'23'++/'456783'4849/'
!

!"#$%$!"#&!#"%#'()!"'*!(+'%#%,)'-'+'%"#!(#"%#
!&.+%+'/(#0.$!,'/,1#
!
"#$%&'(!)*+*(,*!-%&.'/!)&012'3!
0#$%&.'/4%*50&#(6'/!!
78#.'2/#+&+!9&8!"&2$*/!
!
"#!$%&'()!%*+&,&-./0!%/!/+%$')(!1,2$!3!,!/-4%#!5+/*-,#0!'+4-%)(/!&,56-(!*%!')%$&-%/'($!$%$%/',!
7),*($0! &(/! #,! 8,/*%5-,! 9+%! $%! ()-7-/,! %/! %#! :;:;0! 1)%$%/'(! ,<+$'%$! ,! #,! =()5,! %/! 9+%! $%!
'),$#,*,6,/!#($!&(/(&-5-%/'($0!)%9+-)-%/*(!'),$#,*,)!#,$!#%&&-(/%$!1)%$%/&-,#%$!,!#,!4-)'+,#-*,*0!
#(!&+,#!)%1)%$%/'(!+/!)%'(!1,),!#,$!-/$'-'+&-(/%$!%*+&,'-4,$0!,!1%$,)!*%!%>-$'2,/!,#7+/,$!9+%!3,!
%$',6,/!&(/!,51#-(!,4,/&%!%/!%$',!5,'%)-,?!
!
@A(),!6-%/0!%$'%!&,56-(!*%!%$')+&'+),!%$',6#%&%!)%'($!-51()',/'%$0!#($!&+,#%$0!,!'),4B$!*%!#,!
C/'%#-7%/&-,!@)'-=-&-,#0!$%!1+%*%!,1(3,)!#($!1)(&%$($0!*,*,$!#,$!(1()'+/-*,*%$!9+%!6)-/*,!1,),!
%#! ,/D#-$-$! *%! #,! -/=()5,&-./0! 3! %#! $%7+-5-%/'(! *%#! %$'+*-,/',*(0! $-/! *%<,)! *%! ,1#-&,)! #,!
-/'%),&&-./! %/')%! %#! 1)(=%$()! 3! %#! %$'+*-,/'%0! 9+%! 1+%*%! 4-$+,#-E,)$%! &(5(! +/,! ,5%/,E,! ,#!
1)(&%$(!*%!%/$%F,/E,G,1)%/*-E,<%?!
!
:;<)=>7--:?;6!
!
"/! #,! ,&'+,#-*,*! %#! ,4,/&%! '%&/(#.7-&(! %$! ,1)%$+),*(0! *2,! ,! *2,0! $%! 4-$+,#-E,/! ,4,/&%$!
$-7/-=-&,'-4($!%/!%$',!5,'%)-,0!#($!&+,#%$!,1(3,/!,!*-$'-/'($!$%&'()%$!*%!#,!%&(/(52,!5+/*-,#0!
#($!&+,#%$0!,!'),4B$!*%!#,!C/'%#-7%/&-,!@)'-=-&-,#0!A,/!,51#-,*(!#,!7,5,!*%!,1#-&,6-#-*,*!*%!%$',?!
!
!"#! $%&'()! *%! %*+&,&-./! /(! A,! %$',*(! %>%/'(! *%! #,$! 5%<(),$! ,5,)),*,$! ,! #($! ,4,/&%$!
'%&/(#.7-&($0! *(/*%! 4-$#+56),! +/! D56-'(! *%! ,1#-&,6-#-*,*! 5,3()0! %/! #,! 5-7),&-./! 9+%! #,!
1,/*%5-,!,&%#%)(0!,#!1,$,)!*%!#,$!&#,$%$!1)%$%/&-,#%$!,!#,!4-)'+,#-*,*?!
!
"$!1()!%##(!1()!#(!9+%!$%!1#,/'%,0!#,!-/&.7/-',!*%!HI.5(!-51#%5%/',)!#,!C/'%#-7%/&-,!@)'-=-&-,#!
1,),!5%<(),)!%#!$%7+-5-%/'(!*%#!*(&%/'%!%/!#($!&+)$($0!%/!6+$&,!*%!+/,!1%)$(/,#-E,&-./!&(/!#($!
%$'+*-,/'%$!3!%#!-/&)%5%/'(!*%#!)%/*-5-%/'(!,&,*B5-&(J!

!
!

El P ap el d e la Int eli genci a Art i f i ci al

en la Ed ucaci ón S up eri or 1
 !"#$%&'()*'+,-$*'(./%&$&0*$1/'2(!).3(!"##$%&'(")*+"#,$-./'01$#$%&'23'++/'456783'4849/'
!

>@9A))=BB=6!
!
"$!/%&%$,)-(!-/-&-,)!%#!,/D#-$-$!*%!%$'%!'%5,!%$',6#%&-%/*(!,#7+/($!&(/&%1'($!(!*%=-/-&-(/%$!
,$(&-,*($!,!#,!C/'%#-7%/&-,!@)'-=-&-,#0!&(/!%#!=-/!*%!1(*%)!%$',6#%&%)!,$1%&'($!)%#%4,/'%$!9+%!
1)(1-&-,/!&(51)%/*%)!$+!,#&,/&%?!
!
"/! 1)-5%),! -/$',/&-,0! -*%/'-=-&,)%5($! *-&A(! '%5,! 6,<(! #,$! -/-&-,#%$! C@0! 3! &(5(! 4%)%5($! ,!
&(/'-/+,&-./!$%!,$(&-,!&(/!#,!-/'%),&&-./!*%!#($!$-$'%5,$!&(51+',&-(/,#%$K!
!
C/'%#-7%/&-,! @)'-=-&-,#! LC@M! N! O-$'%5,$! &(51+',&-(/,#%$! 9+%! A,/! $-*(! *-$%F,*($! 1,),!
-/'%),&'+,)!&(/!%#!5+/*(!9+%!#%!)(*%,!,!'),4B$!*%!&,1,&-*,*%$!L1()!%<?!1%)&%1&-./!4-$+,#0!
)%&(/(&-5-%/'(! *%! 4(E0! %'&?M! 3! &(51()',5-%/'($! P-/'%#-7%/'%$Q! L1)(&%$,5-%/'(! 3!
$%#%&&-./! *%! -/=()5,&-./! *-$1(/-6#%0! '(5,! *%! *%&-$-(/%$! 1,),! ,#&,/E,)! *%'%)5-/,*(!
(6<%'-4(M0! 9+%! 1(*)2,5($! 1%/$,)! $(/! %$%/&-,#5%/'%! A+5,/,$?! LR+&S-/0! T(#5%$0!
U)-==-'A$0!V()&-%)0!:;WXM!
!
Y%!#,!*%=-/-&-./!,/'%)-()!1(*%5($!*%$',&,)!&(5(!,!'),4B$!*%#!1)(&%$,5-%/'(!*%!#,!-/=()5,&-./0!
1(*%5($! *%=-/-)! &(51()',5-%/'(! 9+%! 1%)5-'%/! '(5,! *%! *%&-$-(/%$! (1()'+/,$0! %/! '%5,$! *%!
-/'%)B$0! &(5(! %#! =-/! *%! (1'-5-E,)! #($! )%$+#',*($! $%7Z/! &())%$1(/*,?! @*-&-(/,#5%/'%0!
%/&(/'),5($!%$',!*%=-/-&-./K!
R,!C@!A,&%!)%=%)%/&-,!,!*-4%)$,$!'%&/(#(72,$!9+%!$%!1+%*%/!&(56-/,)!*%!*-$'-/',$!=()5,$!
1,),!$%/'-)0!&(51)%/*%)!3!,&'+,)?!"$',$!')%$!&(51%'%/&-,$!$%!6,$,/!%/!#,!&,1,&-*,*!*%!
,1)%/*-E,<%!,!1,)'-)!*%!#,!%>1%)-%/&-,!3!,*,1',&-./?!L8+)*30!Y,+7A%)'30:;WXM!
!
Y%!#(!&-',*(!,/'%)-()5%/'%0!$%!*%$',&,!9+%0!*%#!,/D#-$-$!*%!*,'($0!6,$,*($!%/!#,!%>1%)-%/&-,!9+%!
%$'($! 5+%$'),/0! 1(*%5($! -*%/'-=-&,)! 1,)D5%')($0! 9+%0! ,#! &(/$(#-*,)#($0! 1+%*%/! 4-$+,#-E,)!
$%/'-5-%/'($0! &(51()',5-%/'($0! ,&'+,&-(/%$! %/')%! (')($0! 9+%! 1%)5-'%/! 5%*-,/'%! %#! ,/D#-$-$!
'(5,)!*%&-$-(/%$!3!*%!%$',!=()5,!,*,1',)#(!#(!&())%$1(/*-%/'%0!&(/!%#!=-/!*%!#(7),)!+/!(6<%'-4(!
%$1%&2=-&(?!8()!(')(!#,*(0!1(*%5($!,$(&-,)!#,!C/'%#-7%/&-,!@)'-=-&-,#!,!#,!-/'%/&-./!*%!'),$#,*,)!
#,!&,1,&-*,*!*%#!$%)!A+5,/(!,!$-$'%5,$!-/=()5D'-&($0!1,),!,7-#-E,)!#($!1)(&%$($!,/,#2'-&($0!&(5(!
$%! 5+%$'),! %/! %#! $-7+-%/'%! *%',##%0! P*-$&-1#-/,! ,&,*B5-&,! )%#,&-(/,*,! &(/! #,! '%()2,! *%! #,!
&(51+',&-./! &+3(! (6<%'-4(! %$! %5+#,)! ,#7+/,$! *%! #,$! =,&+#',*%$! -/'%#%&'+,#%$! A+5,/,$! %/!
$-$'%5,$!,)'-=-&-,#%$Q?!L[%/-'%E0!"$&+*%)(0!\,/,,/!3!],$$-10!:;W^M?!
!

El P ap el d e la Int eli genci a Art i f i ci al

en la Ed ucaci ón S up eri or 2
 !"#$%&'()*'+,-$*'(./%&$&0*$1/'2(!).3(!"##$%&'(")*+"#,$-./'01$#$%&'23'++/'456783'4849/'
!

"/!4-)'+*!*%!#(!,/'%)-()0!3!,!'),4B$!*%!#($!,F($0!#,!C/'%#-7%/&-,!@)'-=-&-,#0!A,!5($'),*(!,4,/&%$!
$-7/-=-&,'-4($0! +/(! *%! #($! %<%51#($! 9+%! 1(*%5($! )%$,#',)0! $(/! #($! 4-*%(<+%7($0! *(/*%! $%!
5+%$'),!&(5(!%$'($!&,*,!4%E!$(/!5D$!)%,#%$!3!%<%51#-=-&,/!#,!)%,#-*,*0!&(/4-)'-%/*(!,#!+$+,)-(!
,!+/!<+7,*()!5D$!*%/')(!*%#!<+%7(0!%$(!$20!(6#-7,/*(!,!'%/%)!5,3()!&,1,&-*,*!*%!1)(&%$,5-%/'(?!
@*-&-(/,#5%/'%0!1(*%5($!%/&(/'),)!(')(!6%/%=-&-(!*%!#,!C@0!1()!&+,/'(!1%)5-'%!,+'(5,'-E,)!
1)(&%$($0!%/!6+$&,!*%!)%$(#4%)!,&'-4-*,*%$!*%!5,/%),!D7-#0!$-/!#-5-',)$%!,!%##(0!%$!*%&-)0!9+%0!
5%*-,/'%!%#!,/D#-$-$!*%!#($!)%$+#',*($0!,*,1',)!#($!1)(&%$($!*%!5,/%),!&(/$',/'%0!&(/!%#!=-/!*%!
5%<(),)#($!%/!=+/&-./!*%!#,!)%,#-*,*!,&'+,#0!*-$5-/+3%/*(!#($!'-%51($!*%!)%$1+%$',!1,),!#($!
*-4%)$($!+$+,)-($?!
!
_,56-B/! 1(*%5($! -/*-&,)0! 9+%! #,! C/'%#-7%/&-,! @)'-=-&-,#! %$'D! ,$(&-,*,! ,! #,! -//(4,&-./0!
%$',6#%&-%/*(! %=-&-%/&-,! 3! %=-&,&-,! ,! %$'($?! R,! -//(4,&-./! %$! +/! 1)(&%$(! &(/'-/+(! %/! #,$!
%51)%$,$0!%$!*%&-)0!*%6%!%$',)!1)%$%/'%!%/!#,!-*%/'-=-&,&-./!*%!#,$!',)%,$!9+%!$%!*%$,))(##,/!%/!
#,$! %51)%$,$0! 1()! &+,/'(0! *%6%/! $%)! +/! ()-%/',*()! %$'),'B7-&(0! ,$(&-,*(! ,! #,! '%&/(#(72,! 9+%!
1+%*%!,1#-&,)$%!1,),!&+51#-)!&(/!%#!1)-/&-1-(!*%!%=-&-%/&-,?!
!
"/!#,!,&'+,#-*,*0!%$!*-=2&-#!*%$#-7,)!#,!'%&/(#(72,!*%!'(*(!,9+%##(!9+%!6+$&,!5%<(),)!#,!&,#-*,*!
*%!4-*,!*%!#,$!1%)$(/,$0!%$!1()!%##(0!9+%!#($!1)(&%$($!,+'(5,'-E,*($0!'(5,/!)%#%4,/&-,0!&(5(!
%<%51#(0!1(*%5($!'(5,)!%/!&(/$-*%),&-./!#(!9+%!,1#-&,/!%51)%$,$!%/!#($!5('()%$!*%!6Z$9+%*,0!
1()! &+,/'(0! /($! ##,5,! #,! ,'%/&-./0! &+,/*(! )%,#-E,5($! &(/$+#',$! 3! &+,/*(! /($! 1)%$%/',/! #($!
)%$+#',*($! %$'($! '-%/%/! )%#,&-./! &(/! /+%$')($! 7+$'($! 3! 1)%=%)%/&-,$?! 8(*%5($! ,! '),4B$! *%! #(!
*%$',&,*(0! -*%/'-=-&,)! *-=%)%/'%$! '%&/(#(72,$! 9+%! $%! ,$(&-,/! ,! #,! C/'%#-7%/&-,! @)'-=-&-,#0! #,$!
&+,#%$!1+%*%/!)%#,&-(/,)$%!%/')%!$20!1,),!#(!&+,#!*%$',&,5($!#,!C5,7%/!WK!
!

!
!"#$%&'()'*&'"+,-."#-+/"&'&%,"0"/"&.'-+'.&'-1$/&/"2+'3$4-%"5%)'645%,$+"1&1-3'7'89-+&:&3)''
!$-+,-;'<==6>8'?-3-&%/@'A5$%+&.)'BCD(EF'
!

El P ap el d e la Int eli genci a Art i f i ci al

en la Ed ucaci ón S up eri or 3
 !"#$%&'()*'+,-$*'(./%&$&0*$1/'2(!).3(!"##$%&'(")*+"#,$-./'01$#$%&'23'++/'456783'4849/'
!

@A(),! 6-%/0! #,! C/'%#-7%/&-,! @)'-=-&-,#0! %$! ,1#-&,6#%! ,! *-=%)%/'%$! $%&'()%$0! 1%)(! 5($'),)%5($!
-/'%)B$!%/!#,!"*+&,&-./0!%$1%&2=-&,5%/'%!%/!#,!O+1%)-()0!&(/!%#!=-/!*%!4-$+,#-E,)!#,!,1#-&,6-#-*,*!
*%!%$',0!)%$,#',/*(!#(!$-7+-%/'%0!P`"$!A(),!*%!'),/$=()5,&-(/%$!=+/*,5%/',#%$!%/!#,!%*+&,&-./a!
`T,3!9+%!1('%/&-,)!#,!%=%&'-4-*,*!*%!#($!1)(=%$()%$!1,),!5,>-5-E,)!#,$!1('%/&-,#-*,*%$!*%!#($!
%$'+*-,/'%$aQ?!LIA,+/*)30!U+//-/70!R,/%!3!b($&A%##%0!:;WcM!
!
8,),!%##(0!*%6%5($!*%$',&,)!#,$!&(/')-6+&-(/%$!9+%!1+%*%!*,)!#,!C/'%#-7%/&-,!@)'-=-&-,#!
,!#,!"*+&,&-./0!*%$*%!#,!1%)$1%&'-4,!*%!#,!%/$%F,/E,!&(5(!*%#!,1)%/*-E,<%0!/(!#-5-'D/*($%!,!
#,$!9+%!$%!*%',##,/K!
W?! "$',6#%&%)!,+'(5,'-E,&-./!*%!#($!1)(&%$($!,*5-/-$'),'-4($!1)(1-($!*%!#,$!+/-4%)$-*,*%$?!
:?! Y%$,))(##(! *%! $-$'%5,$! -/=()5D'-&($! 9+%! 1%)5-',/! +/,! ,'%/&-./! 1%)$(/,#-E,*,! ,! #($!
%$'+*-,/'%$?!
c?! C*%/'-=-&,)!%/!#($!1)(&%$($!%*+&,'-4($!L1)%$%/&-,#%$!(!4-)'+,#%$M!9+%!/%&%$-',/!5,3()!
)%=()E,5-%/'(?!
^?! @&(51,F,)!,!#($!%$'+*-,/'%$!%/!$+$!1)(&%$($!*%!%/$%F,/E,G,1)%/*-E,<%?!
d?! Y%#-5-',)!%#!7),*(!*%!,4,/&%!*%!#($!%$'+*-,/'%$!$%7Z/!#($!1)(7),5,$!*%!%$'+*-($!*%/')(!
*%!#,$!,+#,$?!
X?! 8)(=+/*-E,&-./!%/!#,!-/=()5,&-./?!
e?! f-$+,#-E,&-./!*%!+/!/+%4(!)(#!*(&%/'%?!
g?! h1'-5-E,&-./!*%#!+$(!*%!#($!*,'($!*%!#($!&+)$($0!%/!6+$&,!*%!+/!5,3()!$%7+-5-%/'(!*%!
#($!%$'+*-,/'%$?!
!
"/! =+/&-./! *%! #,$! &(/')-6+&-(/%$! 9+%! ,1+/',5($0! #,! C/'%#-7%/&-,! @)'-=-&-,#! $%! A,!
&(/4%)'-*(!%/!'%/*%/&-,!5+/*-,#0!5($'),/*(!,<+$'%$!%/!#,$!%$'),'%7-,$!*%!#,$!%51)%$,$!*%!2/*(#%!
%*+&,'-4(0!%/!6+$&,!*%!5%<(),)!$+$!1)(&%$($!3!*%))-6,)!#,$!6,))%),$!'%))-'()-,#%$!*%!#($!1,2$%$?!
!!
8(*%5($!-*%/'-=-&,)!9+%!#($!*(&%/'%$0!,&'()%$!1)-/&-1,#%$!*%!#($!1)(&%$($!*%!%/$%F,/E,G
,1)%/*-E,<%0! $%! 4%)D/! ,1(3,*($! 1()! #,! C@! ,! '),4B$! *%! -*%/'-=-&,&-./! *%! #($! *,'($! 7#(6,#%$! %!
-/*-4-*+,#%$0!*(/*%!%/!%$'%!Z#'-5(0!1%)5-'%!*,)!+/!$%7+-5-%/'(!(1()'+/(!,#!/-4%#!,&,*B5-&(0!3!
()-%/',)!#($!,<+$'%$!9+%!&())%$1(/*,/0!1,),!/(!,=%&',)!%#!)%/*-5-%/'(?!!
!
R(! -/*-&,*(! %/! %#! 1D)),=(! 1)%&%*%/'%0! %$! *%! 5,3()! -51()',/&-,! %/! #($! ,56-%/'%$!
4-)'+,#%$0!1()!&+,/'(0!%/!#,!1)%$%/&-,#-*,*!%>-$'%!+/!&(/(&-5-%/'(!5D$!&%)&,/(!*%#!%$'+*-,/'%0!
,#!%>-$'-)!5,3()!&(/',&'(!4-$+,#!/(!,$20!5+3!&(5Z/!%/!#,!4-)'+,#-*,*0!*(/*%!,*%5D$!*%!/(!$%)!

El P ap el d e la Int eli genci a Art i f i ci al

en la Ed ucaci ón S up eri or 4
 !"#$%&'()*'+,-$*'(./%&$&0*$1/'2(!).3(!"##$%&'(")*+"#,$-./'01$#$%&'23'++/'456783'4849/'
!

+/!,56-%/'%!',/!1%)$(/,#-E,*(0!#,!1($-6-#-*,*!*%!##%7,)!,!5,3()!&,/'-*,*!*%!%$'+*-,/'%$0!%>-7%!
+/! 5,3()! $%7+-5-%/'(0! 9+%! #,! C@! 1%)5-'%0! ,! '),4B$! *%! 1)(&%$,5-%/'(! *%! #,! -/=()5,&-./0!
%$',6#%&-%/*(!1+/'($!&)2'-&($!*%!&(/')(#0!9+%!,1(3,),/!,#!*(&%/'%!%/!#,!)%,&&-./!1,),!5-/-5-E,)!
#,!*%$%)&-./!%/!#($!*-4%)$($!&+)$($?!
!
V-/,#5%/'%0!$%!*%',##,)(/!4,)-,$!(1()'+/-*,*%$!,!'),4B$!*%!#,!C/'%#-7%/&-,!@)'-=-&-,#0!/(!
(6$',/'%0!*%6%!'%/%)$%!&+-*,*(!&(/!1($-6#%$!,5%/,E,$0!9+%!$%!1+%*%/!*,)!&(/!%$',!'%&/(#(72,0!
*,*(!9+%!%#!&(/',&'(!A+5,/(!%$!)%#%4,/'%!%/!#,$!(1%),&-(/%$!*%!/%7(&-($0!3!#,!1%)$(/,#-E,&-./!
%/!%#!$%&'()!%*+&,'-4(0!$%!&(/4-%)'%!%/!%$%/&-,#?!
!
O-%51)%! A,)D! /%&%$,)-(! #,! 7+2,! *%#! '+'()! (! *(&%/'%! %/! #($! 1)(&%$($! *%! %/$%F,/E,G
,1)%/*-E,<%0! 9+%! 1%)5-',/! #(7),)! %#! (6<%'-4(! *%! #($! '%5,$! %4,#+,*($! %/! #($! &+)$($0! 3! 9+%! %#!
&(/(&-5-%/'(!,*9+-)-*(!1+%*,!$%)!4,#-*,*(!3!&(/$%&+%/'%!&(/!#($!1)(7),5,$!*%!%$'+*-(!$%7Z/!
&())%$1(/*,?!
!
R,!-/'%),&&-./!9+%!%>-$'%!%/')%!#($!*,'($!3!%#!+$(!9+%!#%!1(*,5($!*,)0!$-%51)%!)%9+%)-)D/!
#,! -/'%)1)%',&-./! *%#! $%)! A+5,/(0! 1()! &+,/'(0! ,! 1%$,)! 9+%! #,! '%&/(#(72,! 1%)5-'%! ,7-#-E,)! $+!
,7)+1,5-%/'(!%!-/'%)1)%',&-./!%/!,#7+/($!&,$($0!/(!1%)5-'%!$%)!&(/&#+3%/'%!1()!$-!$(#,0!1()!
&+,/'(0! %>-$'%/! =,&'()%$! %>.7%/($! 9+%! 1+%*%/! A,6%)! ,=%&',*(! #($! )%$+#',*($0! 1()! %/*%0! #,$!
&(/&#+$-(/%$!1+%*%/!'%/%)!+/!$%$7(0!9+%!%$!-51()',/'%!9+%!$%!,/,#-E,*(!1()!#($!+$+,)-($!*%!
*-&A,!-/=()5,&-./0!1,),!+/!'(5,!*%!*%&-$-(/%$!Z'-#!3!&())%&',?!!
!
8()!%<%51#(0!1(*%5($!%$',6#%&%)!,#7+/($!*%!#($!1)(&%$($!9+%!1(*)2,/!,1(3,)$%!%/!#,!
C/'%#-7%/&-,! @)'-=-&-,#! %/! #,! "*+&,&-./! O+1%)-()0! ,1(3,/*(! #,! 7%$'-./! *(&%/'%0! ,$2! &(5(! %#!
$%7+-5-%/'(!,#!)%/*-5-%/'(!,&,*B5-&(0!%/!#($!&+)$($!9+%!%$'D/!6,<(!#,!5%'(*(#(72,!4-)'+,#!%/!
#,$!+/-4%)$-*,*%$K!
,?! @&&%$(!,!#,$!1#,',=()5,$!1()!1,)'%!*%#!%$'+*-,/'%!
6?! _-%51(!,$-7/,*(!,!#,$!*-=%)%/'%$!+/-*,*%$!*%!%$'+*-(!
&?! U%/%),&-./!*%!,#%)',$!,+'(5D'-&,$!*%!#,$!',)%,$!
*?! @'%/&-./!*%!#($!)%9+%)-5-%/'($!1#,/'%,*($!%/!#,$!#%&&-(/%$!,$-/&)./-&,$!
%?! @4-$($!(1()'+/($!*%!#,!=,#',!*%!'),6,<($!
=?! "$',6#%&%)!,4-$($!*%#!)%/*-5-%/'(!,&,*B5-&(!!
7?! U%/%),&-./!*%!%$',*2$'-&,$!*%!1+/'($!&)2'-&($!
A?! ],1,$!*%!&,#()!$(6)%!%#!)-%$7(!*%!#($!%$'+*-,/'%$!!

El P ap el d e la Int eli genci a Art i f i ci al

en la Ed ucaci ón S up eri or 5
 !"#$%&'()*'+,-$*'(./%&$&0*$1/'2(!).3(!"##$%&'(")*+"#,$-./'01$#$%&'23'++/'456783'4849/'
!

"$!(64-(!*%!#,$!4%/',<,$!9+%!#(!,/'%)-()!'-%/%!1,),!%#!*(&%/'%!3!#,!,#',!,*5-/-$'),&-./!*%!
#($!&%/')($!%*+&,'-4($0!1,),!+/,!'(5,!*%!*%&-$-(/%$!,*%&+,*,0!/(!(6$',/'%0!/(!1+%*%!$%1,),)$%!
*%! #,! -/'%),&&-./! 9+%! *%6%! '%/%)! %#! *(&%/'%! &(/! $+$! %$'+*-,/'%$0! 9+%! #%! 1%)5-',! -*%/'-=-&,)!
=,&'()%$!9+%!/(!/%&%$,)-,5%/'%!(=)%&%/!#,$!%$',*2$'-&,$?!
!
"/!#(!,/'%)-()0!),*-&,!#,!-51()',/&-,!3!%=-&,&-,!*%!#,!)%#,&-./!9+%!*%6%!%>-$'-)!%/')%!#,!
C/'%#-7%/&-,!@)'-=-&-,#!3!%#!=,&'()!A+5,/(!%/!#($!1)(&%$($!,$(&-,*($!,!#,!%*+&,&-./!*%#!$%&'()!
$+1%)-()?!
!
-=;-B79:?;6!

!
R,!'%&/(#(72,!$%!A,!&(/4%)'-*(!%/!+/,!A%)),5-%/',!=+/*,5%/',#!%/!#($!Z#'-5($!,F($0!3!
A,!1)%$%/',*(!+/!,4,/&%!$-7/-=-&,'-4(!%/!%#!,/D#-$-$!*%!#,!-/=()5,&-./0!,!'),4B$!*%!#,!C/'%#-7%/&-,!
@)'-=-&-,#0!1%)5-'-%/*(!,!#,$!*-4%)$,$!%51)%$,$0!#,!5%<(),!*%!#($!1)(&%$($!9+%!*%$,))(##,/0!%/!
6+$&,!*%!#,!%=-&-%/&-,!3!(1()'+/,!'(5,!*%!*%&-$-(/%$?!
!
i/(! *%! #($! $%&'()%$! 9+%! A,! 1)%$%/',*(! &,56-($! )%#%4,/'%$0! %$! #,! "*+&,&-./0! %/!
%$1%&2=-&(!#,!$+1%)-()0!1()!&+,/'(0!*,*(!#,!&(/*-&-./!5+/*-,#!*%!1,/*%5-,0!3!#,!5-7),&-./!,!
#($!1)(&%$($!*%!%*+&,&-./!4-)'+,#0!4-$#+56),/!#,!/%&%$-*,*!*%!#,!,/,#2'-&,!*%!*,'($0!&(/!%#!=-/!
*%!1(*%)!5%<(),)!#($!1)(&%$($!*%!%/$%F,/E,G,1)%/*-E,<%0!5%*-,/'%!+/!$%7+-5-%/'(!(1()'+/(!
*%#!,4,/&%!,&,*B5-&(!*%!#($!%$'+*-,/'%$?!
!
V-/,#5%/'%0! /(! *%6%5($! )%&,)7,)! %/! #,! C/'%#-7%/&-,! @)'-=-&-,#! #($! 5%&,/-$5($! *%!
$%7+-5-%/'(0!*,*(!9+%!$(/!+/!-/$+5(!1,),!%#!*(&%/'%0!1,),!9+%!%$'%!-/'%),&'Z%!&(/!%#!%$'+*-,/'%0!
3!%$'%!1+%*,!$%/'-)!%$,!1%)$(/,#-E,&-./!9+%!%/!#,!4-)'+,#-*,*!,!4%&%$!$%!%>'),F,?!!!
! !

El P ap el d e la Int eli genci a Art i f i ci al

en la Ed ucaci ón S up eri or 6
 !"#$%&'()*'+,-$*'(./%&$&0*$1/'2(!).3(!"##$%&'(")*+"#,$-./'01$#$%&'23'++/'456783'4849/'
!

)@C@)@;-:A9!D:DB:=E)FC:-A96!
!
IA,+/*)3!f?\?0!U+//-/7!Y?0!R,/%!IA?!b($&A%##%!j?!L:;WcM!PC/'%##-7%/'!R%,)/-/7!_%&A/(#(7-%$K!
@11#-&,'-(/$! (=! @)'-&-,#! C/'%##-7%/&%! '(! I(/'%51(),)3! ,/*! "5%)7-/7! "*+&,'-(/,#!
IA,##%/7%$Q?!
[%/2'%E0!b?0!"$&+*%)(0!U?!\,/,,/0!O?!],$$-10!b?!L:;W^M!PC/'%#-7%/&-,!@)'-=-&-,#!@4,/E,*,Q?!
"*-'()-,#!ihI?!i/-4%)$-*,*!*%!I,',#+F,!
8+)*30]?!Y,+7A%)'308?!L:;WXM?!C/'%#-7%/&-,!@)'-=-&-,#0!%#!V+'+)(!*%#!I)%&-5-%/'(?!
b($%!R+&S-/0!b?!T(#5%$0!k?0!U)-==-'A$0!]?0!V()&-%)0!R?[?!L:;WXM!PC/'%##-7%/&%!i/#%,$A%*?!@/!
,)7+5%/'!=()!@C!-/!"*+&,'-(/Q?!O',/*=()*!i/-4%)$-'3!!
Cllhf@! b%$%,)&A! j(+)/,#! L:;WeM! R,! -/'%#-7%/&-,! ,)'-=-&-,#! %/! #,! %*+&,&-./! $+1%)-()?!
h1()'+/-*,*%$! 3! @5%/,E,$?! "/!
A''1$Kmm)%1($-'()-(?+-*%?%*+?%&m6-'$')%,5mce;;;mceXdmc;mR,n:;-/'%#-7%/&-,n:;,)'-=-&-
,#n:;%/n:;#,n:;%*+&,&-nIcn[c/n:;$+1%)-()?n:;h1()'+/-*,*%$n:;3n:;@5%
/,E,$??1*=!!
!

El P ap el d e la Int eli genci a Art i f i ci al

en la Ed ucaci ón S up eri or 7