INGLÉS

SEMANA N° 14

TEMA: PRESENT PERFECT: SINCE / FOR; YET / ALREADY

I. Present perfect: since and for

Acciones iniciadas en el pasado y que

continúan en el presente.

A: Diane Grant? I haven't seen you A: ¿Diane Grant? Hace años que no te
for ages! veo.
B: Brian! How have you been? B: ¡Brian! ¿Cómo has estado?
A: Pretty good. You've really A: Bastante bien. ¡Realmente has
changed! cambiado!
B: Oh, well, I've lost some weight. B: Bueno, sí, he perdido algo de peso. Y
And my hair is longer than before. mi cabello está más largo que antes.
A: Well, you look great! How are you? A: Bien, ¡Se te ve fantástica! ¿Cómo
estás?
B: I'm doing really well. I got married B: Me va realmente bien. Me casé hace
about three years ago. I have two más o menos tres años. Ahora tengo
kids now. dos niños.
A: That's terrific !! A: ¡Es sensacional!

AFFIRMATIVE TRANSLATION
Subject have Past since/for Subject have Past since/for
/has participle has participle
I Yo he
You Tú/ ustedes has/han
We have known for about Nosotros /as hemos conocido a alrededor
They Tony five years. Ellos /as han Tony de 5
He has Él años.
She Ella ha
It Eso

NEGATIVE TRANSLATION
Subject have not Past since Subject have not Past since/for
has participle for has participle
I Yo no he
You Tú/ ustedes no
We have not seen Tony for Nosotros /as has/han visto a alrededor de
They about Ellos /as no hemos Tony 5 años.
five no han
He has not years. Él no ha
She Ella
It Eso

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 1. Use SINCE + a point in time in the past to show when a present condition started
(usamos DESDE + un punto de tiempo en el pasado para señalar cuando una situación
presente empezó)

Marca el punto en el que empezó la acción. since 5:00 (desde las 5:00), since Monday
(desde el lunes), since 1994 (desde 1994)
She's worked for that company since 1998. (Ha trabajado en esa compañía desde 1998.)

Since can also introduce a time clause.
Action in time clause began in the past
but continues into the present
Example:
She has become extremely successful
since she has been in Peru.
(She still lives in Peru)
Since también precede a una oración de tiempo.
Acción de la oración de tiempo que inició en el
pasado y continúa en el presente.
Ejemplo:
Ella se volvió tremendamente exitosa desde que ha
estado en Perú.
(Ella continúa viviendo en Perú.)

2. Use for + length of time to show how long a present condition has lasted.
(Se usa DURANTE + extensión de tiempo para mostrar desde cuando la situación
actual persiste)
Marca la duración de un periodo de tiempo for ten minutes, for two weeks, for years, for a long
time
She's worked for that company for 8 years. (Ha trabajado en esa empresa durante 8 años.)

II. Present perfect: already and yet

1. We often use the present perfect with already to talk about things that have happened
before now. (para hablar de un evento recientemente acaecido)

Already usually comes between have and P. P. Yet usually comes at the end of the clause
(Already se coloca en medio de have y el P. P) (Yet se coloca al final de la oración)
AFFIRMATIVE: ALREADY NEGATIVE: YET
A HAVE
SUB HAVE P.P SUB P. P YET
L NOT
R
They a new the
Have E developed They haven’t Had
A vaccine interview yet
saved
D
It Has Y many lives It Hasn’t had
Already can also come at the end of the clause Yet can also come between have not and P.P
(Already también puede ir al final de la oración) (Yet también puede ir entre have not yet P.P)
They have made a lot of progress already They haven’t yet discovered a cure for VIH.

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 QUESTION SHORT ANSWERS
Have Past
subject Translation Affirmative Negative
Has participle
I ¿He vivido aquí desde mayo? Yes, you have. No, you haven’t.
We ¿Hemos vivido aquí desde mayo? Yes, you have. No, you haven’t.
Have
You lived here ¿Has vivido aquí desde mayo? Yes, I have. No, I haven’t.
They since May? ¿Han vivido aquí desde mayo? Yes, they have. No, they haven’t.
he ¿Él ha vivido aquí desde mayo? Yes, he has. No, he hasn’t.
Has
she ¿Ella ha vivido aquí desde mayo? Yes, she has. No, she hasn’t.
it ¿Ha vivido aquí desde mayo? Yes, it has. No, it hasn’t.

1. We often use not yet to talk about things that have not happened before now.
(Generalmente utilizamos not yet para indicar que una acción no ha tenido lugar hasta
ahora)

Still se utiliza en oraciones negativas para lo mismo que “yet”

Peter still hasn’t received the e-mail. Peter no ha recibido el correo todavía

We usually use yet in questions to find out that something has happened before now.
(Usualmente utilizamos yet en preguntas para mostrar si una acción ya ha tenido lugar)
YES/ NO QUESTIONS: YET SHORT ANSWERS
HAVE SUBJ P.P. YET AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE
Have they tested the new vaccine yet? Yes, they have No, they haven’t

Exercise 1
Circle the correct answer.
1. How long ____ you ______ here?
A) has/work B) have/worked C) have/works D) has/worked E) have/work

2. He has called four times _____ the morning.

A) since B) for C) yet D) already E) still

3. A: ____ your teacher graded the tests?

B: Yes, she ____
A) has / has B) have /graded C) has / have D) does / does E) have / have

4. Have they _____ finished redecorating your house? That was quick!
A) yet B) still C) since D) already E) just

5. We have _____ chicken soup, that’s why everyone is eating.

A) maded B) maid C) made D) make E) makes

6. Colin ____ ____ the race for the second year in a row.
A) have/won B) has/won C) has/win D) have/win E) have/worn

7. _____ have you ____? I’ve been looking for you all week.
A) Where/be B) Where/was C) When/been D) What/been E) Where/been

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8. They’ve been here _____ a while.
A) since B) for C) already D) never E) ever

9. Have you _____ imagined being here? There are new places to visit!
A) ever B) since C) been D) already E) never

Exercise 2
Read the text and choose the correct answer.
I think I have had a very interesting life. I'm 73 now and I don't work anymore. I was in the army
for 51 years. I retired when I was 69. I have been to so many countries that I can't remember
all of them. I've been to Australia six or seven times and to South Africa three times. I have
also been once to Russia but I didn't like it at all: much too cold for me!
They say that love is the greatest thing and I agree. I've been married four times but never for
more than five years. I don't think women really understand me!
I've never been on television, but I've been on the radio once. It was a programme about life in
the military about twenty years ago. I met the Prime Minister on the same day. Actually, I've
met a lot of famous people: members of the royal family, famous politicians and also famous
cinema and television personalities. I've never met the American President though which is a
pity.
Because I've travelled a lot, I've seen a lot of wonderful things and have also eaten and drunk
some strange foods and drinks. I ate cat and rat in India and drank something called Mirto on a
little island in Italy many years ago.

1. How many times has he been to Australia?

A) many times B) three times C) once D) more than five times

2. He… ______... wives.

A) … has had four…
B) … had has four...
C) … have had four...
D) … has has four...

3. He has been on television…

A) to talk about his job.
B) to talk about military life.
C) he’s never been on television.
D) to talk about his life after his job.

4. Why has he been married so many times?

A) Because his first wife died.
B) Because he traveled too much.
C) Because women didn’t like military life.
D) Because women don't understand him.

III. Present perfect: indefinitive past

When you don’t know when something happened (Cuando se desconoce el tiempo que
or when the specific time is not important. sucedió una acción o es irrelevante)

1. Ever
NEGATIVES
To talk about things that never happen before. Para decir que nunca hemos hecho algo.
I haven´t ever been in love. Nunca he estado enamorado.
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 2. Ever and never
QUESTION ANSWER (AFFIRMATIVE)
A: Have you ever won an award? No, I have never won one.

Use ever to ask questions. Use never to answer negatively.

(Usa “ever” para preguntar.) Usa “never” para una respuesta negativa.)

I. Acciones concluidas en un pasado muy reciente

Use just, recently or lately to talk about (se usa “just” en acciones concluidas en un
events in the very recent past pasado muy reciente)

II. To talk about things that have happened in a period of time that is not finished, such
as today, this month, this year. (Para hablar acerca de acciones que han sucedido en un
periodo de tiempo no concluido tales como: hoy, este mes, este año).

VERBS
IRREGULAR VERBS
PRESENT PAST PAST TRANSLATION PRESENT PAST PAST TRANSLATION
PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE
bring brought brought trajo do did done hizo
buy bought bought compró find found found encontró
catch caught caught atrapó have had had tuvo
fight fought fought peleó hear heard heard oyó
teach taught taught enseñó pay paid paid pagó
think thought thought pensó read read read leyó

PRESENT PAST PAST TRANSLATION PRESENT PAST PAST TRANSLATION

PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE
break broke broken rompió build built built construyó
come came come vino feel felt felt sintió
eat ate eaten comió get got got consiguió
drive drove driven manejó go went gone fue
give gave given dio leave left left dejó
make made made preparó lose lost lost perdió
speak spoke spoken habló meet met met se reunió
wake woke waken despertó sleep slept slept durmió
wear wore worn usó (ropa) send sent sent envió
write wrote written escribió sit sat sat se sentó

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PRESENT PAST PAST TRANSLATION PRESENT PAST PAST TRANSLATION
PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE
fly flew flown voló sing sang sung cantó
know knew known conoció ring rang rung sonó

PRESENT PAST PAST TRANSLATION PRESENT PAST PAST TRANSLATION

PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE
drink drank drunk bebió draw drew drawn dibujó
take took taken tomó see saw seen vió

REGULAR VERBS
PRESENT PAST PAST TRANSLATION PRESENT PAST PAST TRANSLATION
PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE
arrive arrived arrived llegar ask asked asked preguntar
close closed closed cerrar call called called llamar
dance danced danced bailar earn earned earned ganar
hate hated hated odiar help helped helped ayudar
invite invited invited ayudar learn learned learned aprender
like liked liked gustar listen listened listened escuchar
live lived lived vivir look looked looked ver
love loved loved amar need needed needed necesitar
smoke smoked smoked fumar play played played jugar
use used used usar rain rained rained llover

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 EVALUATION

1. Choose the right answer. “Xavier knows his script well. He______ it since they gave him
the principal role in that play.”
A) ‘s study B) ‘ve studied C) ‘d studying D) ‘s studied E) ‘ve study

2. Complete the sentence with the correct answer.

I ________ the movie Titanic three times. I'm going to see it again tonight.

A) saw B) have seen C) have see D) has seen E) seen

3. Match the sentences with the correct form in present perfect.

A) We have I. rained since last week.
B) She has played II. each other for long time.
C) He has apologized to III. envied them.
D) It has IV. the clarinet for five years.
E) They have known V. her many times this week.

A) AIII, BIV, CV, DII, EI B) AIII, BIV, CV, DI, EII C) AII, BIV, CV, DI, EIII
D) AIII, BV, CIV, DI, EII E) AI, BIV, CV, DII, EIII

4. Read carefully the dialogue and choose true (T) or false (F).

Kate: Have you ever been to New York?

Sophie: New York? No, I’ve never gone there. Have you?
Kate: Yes. In fact, I’ve just come back from there. I’m doing some consultancy work there and
I’ve spent at least six weeks there in the last year.
Sophie: That sounds fabulous. Have you gone up to the top of the Empire State Building?
Kate: No, I haven’t yet. I haven’t driven the ferry to Ellis Island either. I’ve just had to work so
hard. Though I have taken dinner at Sardi’s and seen a Broadway show.

a) Sophie has been to New York. T F

b) Kate hasn’t driven the ferry. T F
c) Kate and Sophie have taken dinner at Sardi’s. T F
d) Kate stayed in New York last year for five weeks. T F
e) Sophie asked about the Empire State Building. T F

5. Choose the appropriate verb. “A: Have you ever _____ to Santorini Island?”
“B: No, I haven’t but I’d love to.

A) go B) be C) gone D) been E) was

6. Complete the dialogue with the correct time tense.

A: 'I ________ Melinda last night.'
B: 'Oh really. I ________ her for months.'
A) saw – haven’t seen B) saw – haven’t see C) see – haven’t seen
D) seen – haven’t seen E) saw – hasn’t seen

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7. Look at the pictures, what has happened?
a) He have taken a shower.
b) He has taken a shower.
c) He has take a shower.
d) He has took a shower.
e) He have take a shower.

8. Choose the correct answer.

A. I ______ my homework yet. I. just
B. My father is on the way. He ______ home yet. II. haven't finished
C. I am not hungry. I have _____ eaten. III. been
D. I have never _______ to Paris. IV. hasn't arrived

A) AIII, BIV, CI, DII B) AI, BIV, CII, DIII C) AII, BI, CIV, DIII D)
AIV, BII, CI, DIII E) AII, BIV, CI, DIII

9. Circle the correct verb. Where ____ she born?

A) were B) has been C) was D) ‘ve has E) have been

Referencias

https://www.aprendeinglessila.com/2013/04/el-presente-perfecto-en-ingles-part-1/
https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/grammar/intermediate-to-upper-intermediate/just-yet-still-
and-already
https://www.gingersoftware.com/content/grammar-rules/verbs/the-present-perfect-simple-
tense/
https://www.esl-lounge.com/student/grammar/2g30-old-colonel.php

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