FATIGA - ESFUERZO MEDIO CERO

Verificar el factor de seguridad, alto ciclaje

F ≔ 800 lbf

dv ≔ 0.6 in

σu4130 ≔ 676 MPa σy4130 ≔ 614 MPa

σn ≔ 0.5 ⋅ σu4130 σn = 338 MPa

σ'n
fs ＝ 3 fs ＝ ――
σmax

Fa σ'n
σmax ＝ ―― fs ＝ ――
Ar σa

π ⋅ dv 2
Ar ≔ ――― = 1.824 cm 2 Fmax ≔ 800 lbf Fmin ≔ -800 lbf
4

Fmax - Fmin Fmax + Fmin

Fa ≔ ――――= 800 lbf Fm ≔ ――――= 0 lbf Fmax ＝ Fa
2 2

Fa Fm Fmax
σa ≔ ―― = 19.508 MPa σm ≔ ―― = 0 Pa σnom ＝ ――
Ar Ar Ar

σmax ＝ σnom ⋅ kt kt ≔ 1

resistencia a fatiga del material σuce ＝ 0.9 ⋅ σu

Besa
σn
σ'n ＝ ― ⋅ ka ⋅ kb ⋅ kc ⋅ kd ⋅ ke
kf

σn ＝ 0.5 ⋅ σu σu ≤ 1500 MPa

σ'n resistencia a fatiga corregida

Mott
σn ⋅ ka ⋅ kb ⋅ kc ⋅ kd ⋅ ke
kf ⋅ σmax ＝ ――――――― σ'n ＝ σn ⋅ ka ⋅ kb ⋅ kc ⋅ kd ⋅ ke
fs
σn resistencia a fatiga σn ≔ 0.5 ⋅ σu4130 = 338 MPa

σu4130
Su ≔ ―― = 676
MPa

a ≔ 1.58 b ≔ -0.085

ka ≔ a ⋅ Su b

ka = 0.908

kb ≔ 1

kc ≔ 0.923

kd ≔ 1
 ke ≔ 0.868

σu4130 = 676 MPa

σy4130 = 614 MPa

σ'n ≔ σn ⋅ ka ⋅ kb ⋅ kc ⋅ kd ⋅ ke σ'n = 245.895 MPa σn = 338 MPa

σ'n resistencia_material
fs ≔ ―― fs ＝ ――――――― fs = 12.605
σa esf_solicitante

σ'n
fs ≔ ――= 12.605
kt ⋅ σa

σeqfa ＝ σy

σu
fs ＝ ―――――――
σeqfa ⎛⎝σ'n , τ'n , σa , σm⎞⎠

AISI 1040 F=20 kN inversa, verificar el factor de seguridad.

σ'n
fs ＝ ―――
kf ⋅ σmax

σn σ'n σ'n
σ'n ＝ ― ⋅ ka ⋅ kb ⋅ kc ⋅ kd ⋅ ke kf ⋅ σmax < σd ＝ ―― σmax < σd ＝ ――
kf fs kf ⋅ fs

Ar ≔ 0.375 in ⋅ ((1.5 - 0.625)) in = 2.117 cm 2 Fmax ≔ 20 kN Fmin ≔ -20 kN

Fmax - Fmin Fmax + Fmin

Fa ≔ ――――= 20 kN Fm ≔ ――――= 0 lbf
2 2

Fa Fm
σa ≔ ―― = 94.476 MPa σm ≔ ―― = 0 Pa
Ar Ar

σmax ＝ kt ⋅ σa
0.625
――= 0.417
1.5

kt ≔ 2.2

σmax ≔ kt ⋅ σa = 207.848 MPa

kt →? kf

σ'n
fs ＝ ――
kf ⋅ σa

σu1040 ≔ 496 MPa

σy1040 ≔ 290 MPa

σn ≔ 0.5 ⋅ σu1040

σn = 248 MPa
 σu1040
Su ≔ ―― = 496
MPa

a ≔ 4.51 b ≔ -0.265

ka ≔ a ⋅ Su b

ka = 0.871

kb ≔ 1 deq ＝ Ar0.05

deq ＝ 0.808 ⋅ ‾‾‾

a⋅b

kc ≔ 0.923

kd ≔ 1

ke = 0.868 95%

σn σ'n σ'n
σ'n ＝ ― ⋅ ka ⋅ kb ⋅ kc ⋅ kd ⋅ ke kf ⋅ σmax < σd ＝ ―― σmax < σd ＝ ――
kf fs kf ⋅ fs
 σ'n
fs ＝ ―― kt = 2.2
σa

kf ＝ 1 + q ⋅ ⎛⎝kt - 1⎞⎠
1
q ＝ ――
α
1+―
ρ

α ≔ 0.250 mm
0.625 in
ρ ≔ ―――
2
ρ = 7.938 mm
1
q ≔ ―― q = 0.969
α
1+―
ρ

kf ≔ 1 + q ⋅ ⎛⎝kt - 1⎞⎠
σn
σ'n ≔ ― ⋅ ka ⋅ kb ⋅ kc ⋅ kd ⋅ ke = 79.968 MPa kf = 2.163
kf

σ'n
fs ≔ ―― fs = 0.846 σmax = 207.848 MPa
σa

σ'n con condición estática σy1040

fs ＝ ―― fsest ≔ ―― = 1.395
kf ⋅ σa σmax
 Dimensionar el brazo de tubo cuadrado
A36,para un factor de seguridad de 3.

Fu ≔ 250 kgf

α ≔ 25 deg

lo ≔ 50 cm

A36 σy36 ≔ 36 ksi

σu36 ≔ 52 ksi
fs ≔ 3

σeq ＝ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
⎛⎝σeqtrac⎞⎠ 2 + 3 ⋅ ⎛⎝τeq⎞⎠ 2
Fuax Fuc ⋅ lo
σeqtrac ＝ σtr + σf σtr ＝ ―― σf ＝ ―――
Ar Wxx

Fuc
τeq ＝ ――
Ar
Fuc ≔ Fu ⋅ cos ((α)) = 2.222 kN Fuax ≔ Fu ⋅ sin ((α)) = 1.036 kN
σy36
estimando la sección del tubo a flexión σd ≔ ―― = 82.737 MPa
fs

Fuc ⋅ lo Fuc ⋅ lo
σd ＝ ――― Wxx ≔ ――― = 13.428 cm 3
Wxx σd

Perfil 70.5

Wxxn ≔ 23.4 cm 3

Ar ≔ 12.10 cm 2

a ≔ 70 mm

Fuax
σtr ≔ ――= 0.856 MPa
Ar
 Fuax
σtr ≔ ――= 0.856 MPa
Ar

Fuc ⋅ lo
σf ≔ ――― = 47.478 MPa
Wxxn

Fuc
τeq ≔ ―― = 1.836 MPa
Ar

‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2
σeq ≔ ⎛⎝σtr + σf⎞⎠ + 3 ⋅ ⎛⎝τeq⎞⎠ 2

σeq = 48.439 MPa

σy36
fsest ≔ ―― = 5.124 ≥ fs = 3
σeq

CALCULO A FATIGA

Fmax ≔ Fu = 2.452 kN Fmin ≔ 0.5 ⋅ Fu = 1.226 kN

‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2
σeqT ＝ ⎛⎝σ'tr + σ'f⎞⎠ + 3 ⋅ ⎛⎝τ'eq⎞⎠ 2

Fmax ⋅ sin ((α)) - Fmin ⋅ sin ((α))

Fuaxa ≔ ――――――――― Fuaxa = 259.029 N
2

Fmax ⋅ sin ((α)) + Fmin ⋅ sin ((α))

Fuaxm ≔ ――――――――― Fuaxm = 0.777 kN
2
a tracción:
Fuaxm
σtrm ≔ ――― = 0.642 MPa
Ar

Fuaxa
σtra ≔ ――= 0.214 MPa
Ar
a flexión:
Fmax ⋅ cos ((α)) + Fmin ⋅ cos ((α))
Fucm ≔ ――――――――― Fucm = ⎛⎝1.666 ⋅ 10 3 ⎞⎠ N
2

Fmax ⋅ cos ((α)) - Fmin ⋅ cos ((α))

Fuca ≔ ――――――――― Fuca = 0.555 kN
2

Fucm ⋅ lo
σfm ≔ ―――= 35.608 MPa
Wxxn

Fuca ⋅ lo
σfa ≔ ――― = 11.869 MPa
Wxxn
a cortante:
Fucm
τeqm ≔ ――= 1.377 MPa
Ar

Fuca
τeqa ≔ ―― = 0.459 MPa
Ar

σtra ⋅ σy
Esfuerzo equivalente a tracción: σeqtr ＝ σtrm + ―――
σ'n
Fuaxm
σtrm ≔ ――― = 0.642 MPa
Ar

Fuaxa
σtra ≔ ――= 0.214 MPa
Ar

σn
σ'n ＝ ka ⋅ kb ⋅ kc ⋅ kd ⋅ ke ⋅ ― σn ≔ 0.5 ⋅ σu36 = 179.264 MPa
kf

σu36
Su ≔ ――= 358.527
MPa

a ≔ 4.51 b ≔ -0.265

ka ≔ a ⋅ Su b

ka = 0.949

FACTOR DE TAMAÑO kb ≔ 1

FACTOR DE TIPO DE CARGA kc ≔ 0.923

FACTOR DE TEMPERATURA kd ≔ 1

FACTOR DE OTROS FACTORES ke ≔ 0.868

σ'ntr ≔ ka ⋅ kb ⋅ kc ⋅ kd ⋅ ke ⋅ σn σ'ntr = 136.283 MPa

σtra ⋅ σy36
σeqtr ≔ σtrm + ――― σeqtr = 1.032 MPa
σ'ntr

σfa ⋅ σy
σeqf ＝ σfm + ―――
σ'n
 σfa ⋅ σy
Esfuerzo equivalente a flexión: σeqf ＝ σfm + ―――
σ'n
Fucm ⋅ lo
σfm ≔ ―――= 35.608 MPa
Wxxn

Fuca ⋅ lo
σfa ≔ ――― = 11.869 MPa
Wxxn

σ'nf ＝ ka ⋅ kb ⋅ kc ⋅ kd ⋅ ke ⋅ σn σn ≔ 0.5 ⋅ σu36 = 179.264 MPa

σu36
Su ≔ ――= 358.527
MPa

a ≔ 4.51 b ≔ -0.265

ka ≔ a ⋅ Su b

ka = 0.949

kb ≔ 1 deq ＝ Ar0.05

ap ≔ 70 mm bp ≔ 70 mm

deq ≔ 0.808 ⋅ ‾‾‾‾‾

a p ⋅ bp

deq = 56.56 mm

⎛ deq ⎞ -0.1133
⎜ ―― ⎟
⎜ mm ⎟
kb ≔ ――
⎜⎝ 7.62 ⎟⎠
kb = 0.797
⎛ deq ⎞ -0.157
kb ≔ 1.51 ⋅ ⎜―― ⎟
⎝ mm ⎠

kb = 0.801
kc ≔ 1
 kd ≔ 1

ke = 0.868

σ'nf ≔ ka ⋅ kb ⋅ kc ⋅ kd ⋅ ke ⋅ σn σn ≔ 0.5 ⋅ σu36 = 179.264 MPa

σfa ⋅ σy36
σeqf ≔ σfm + ――― σeqf = 60.507 MPa
σ'nf

σeq_ax ≔ σeqtr + σeqf σeq_ax = 61.539 MPa

σ'n σn
σmax ＝ kf ⋅ σnom ≤ ―― σ'nf ＝ ka ⋅ kb ⋅ kc ⋅ kd ⋅ ke ⋅ ―
fs kf

Esfuerzo equivalente a esfuerzo cortante

Esfuerzo equivalente a esfuerzo cortante
τa ⋅ τy36
τeq ＝ τm + ―――
τ'n

Fucm
τeqm ≔ ――= 1.377 MPa τy36 ≔ 0.577 ⋅ σy36 = 143.218 MPa
Ar

Fuca
τeqa ≔ ―― = 0.459 MPa τ'n ≔ 0.577 ⋅ σ'ntr
Ar

τeqa ⋅ τy36
τeq ≔ τeqm + ――― τeq = 2.213 MPa
τ'n

σeqIV ≔ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
⎛⎝σeq_ax⎞⎠ 2 + 3 ⋅ ⎛⎝τeq⎞⎠ 2

σeqIV = 61.659 MPa

σy36
fsfa ≔ ――= 4.026 ≤ fs = 3
σeqIV