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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL
Z
“SANTIAGO ANTUNEZ DE
MAYOLO”
- T
CURSO: HIDRAULICA
DOCENTE: Dr. Fidel Aparicio Roque
SEMESTRE:
ALUMNO:
2020-II
REYES INFANTES
JHONATAN
1
HUARAZ-ANCASH
HIDRAÚLICA
DATOS:
Solución:
• Para Máxima Eficiencia Hidráulica:
𝒃
= 𝟐𝒚(√𝟏 + 𝒛𝟐 − 𝒛)
𝒚
𝑏 = 2𝑦(√1 + 02 − 0)
𝑏 = 2𝑦
𝒃 = 𝟐𝒚
𝑨 = 𝒃𝒚 + 𝒛𝒚𝟐
𝐴 = 2𝑦2 + 0𝑦2
𝐴 = 𝑦2
𝑃 = b + 2y√1 + 𝑧 2
𝑃 = 2𝑦 + 2𝑦√1 + 02
𝑃 = 4𝑦
2y2
𝑅=
4y
𝑹 =0.5y
2
HIDRAÚLICA
𝐲 = 𝟎. 𝟒𝟎𝐦
𝑏 = 2𝑦
𝑏 = 2 𝑥 0.372
𝑏 = 0.744 𝑚
b= 0.744 m → b = 0.75 m
b = 0.75 m
B.L = 0.15 m
3
HIDRAÚLICA
𝑃 = 𝑏 + 2𝑦√1 + 𝑧 2
𝑃 = 0.75 + 2(0.40) √1 + 02
𝑃 = 1.55 m
𝐴
𝑅=
𝑃
0.30
𝑅=
1.55
𝑹 = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟗 𝒎
𝑸
𝑽=
𝑨
0.25
𝑉=
0.30
𝑉 = 0.83 𝑚⁄𝑠
𝑽 = 𝟎. 83 𝒎⁄𝒔 V<3-3.5m/s
𝑬 = 𝟎. 𝟒𝟒 𝒎
4
HIDRAÚLICA
𝑸𝟐 × 𝑻
𝑭𝟐 = 𝒂
𝒈 × 𝑨𝟑
0.252 × 0.75
𝐹2 =
9.81 × 0.303
𝐹 = 0.42
𝑭 = 𝟎. 𝟒𝟐 < 𝟏
∴ 𝑭𝒍𝒖𝒋𝒐 𝒔𝒖𝒃𝒄𝒓𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒄𝒐.
5
HIDRAÚLICA
6
HIDRAÚLICA
DATOS:
Solución:
o Para Máxima Eficiencia Hidráulica
𝒃
= 𝟐𝒚(√𝟏 + 𝒛𝟐 − 𝒛)
𝒚
𝒃 = 𝟐𝒚(√𝟏 + 𝒛𝟐 − 𝒛)
𝑏 = 2𝑦(√2 − 1)
𝒃 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟐𝟖𝟒𝟑𝒚
𝑨 = 𝒃𝒚 + 𝒛𝒚𝟐
𝐴 = 0.82843𝑦2 + 1𝑦2
𝐴 = 1.82843𝑦2
𝑃 = b + 2y√1 + 𝑧 2
𝑃 = 0.82843𝑦 + 2𝑦√1 + 12
𝑃 = 3.65685𝑦
1.82843y2
𝑅=
3.65685y
𝑹 =0.5y
7
HIDRAÚLICA
𝐲 = 𝟎. 𝟔𝟎𝐦
𝑏 = 0.82843𝑦
𝑏 = 0.82843 𝑥 0.553
𝑏 = 0.458 𝑚
b= 0.458 m → b = 0.50 m
b = 0.50m
B.L = 0.20m
𝐴 = by+zy2
𝐴 = (0.50) (0.60) +1(0.60)2
𝐴 = 0.66 m2
𝑃 = 𝑏 + 2𝑦√1 + 𝑧 2
𝑃 = 0.50 + 2(0.60) √1 + 12
8
HIDRAÚLICA
𝑃 = 2.20m
𝐴
𝑅=
𝑃
0.66
𝑅=
2.20
𝑹 = 𝟎. 𝟑𝟎𝒎
𝟎. 𝟓
𝑽=
𝟎. 𝟔𝟔
𝑽 = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟔 𝒎⁄𝒔
𝑽 = 𝟎. 76 𝒎⁄𝒔 V<3-3.5m/s
𝑬 = 𝟎. 𝟔𝟑𝒎
9
HIDRAÚLICA
0.52 × 1.70
𝐹2 =
9.81 × 0.663
𝐹 = 0.39
𝑭 = 𝟎. 𝟑𝟗 < 𝟏
∴ 𝑭𝒍𝒖𝒋𝒐 𝒔𝒖𝒃𝒄𝒓𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒄𝒐.
10
HIDRAÚLICA
11
HIDRAÚLICA
DATOS:
Solución:
o Para Máxima Eficiencia Hidráulica:
𝒃
= 𝟐𝒚(√𝟏 + 𝒛𝟐 − 𝒛)
𝒚
𝒃 = 𝟐𝒚(√𝟏 + 𝒛𝟐 − 𝒛)
𝑏 = 2𝑦(√2 − 1)
𝒃 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟐𝟖𝟒𝟑𝒚
𝑨 = 𝒃𝒚 + 𝒛𝒚𝟐
𝐴 = 0.82843𝑦2 + 1𝑦2
𝐴 = 1.82843𝑦2
𝑃 = b + 2y√1 + 𝑧 2
𝑃 = 0.82843𝑦 + 2𝑦√1 + 12
𝑃 = 3.65685𝑦
1.82843y2
𝑅=
3.65685y
𝑹 =0.5y
12
HIDRAÚLICA
𝐲 = 𝟎. 𝟕𝟓𝐦
𝑏 = 0.82843𝑦
𝑏 = 0.82843 𝑥 0.713
𝑏 = 0.59𝑚
b= 0.59 m → b = 0. 60m
b = 0.60m
B.L = 0.25m
𝐴 = by+zy2
𝑃 = 𝑏 + 2𝑦√1 + 𝑧 2
13
HIDRAÚLICA
𝑃 = 0.60 + 2(0.75) √1 + 12
𝑃 = 2.72m
𝐴
𝑅=
𝑃
1.01
𝑅=
2.72
𝑹 = 𝟎. 𝟑𝟕𝒎
𝟏
𝑽=
𝟏. 𝟎𝟏
𝑽 = 𝟎. 𝟔𝟐 𝒎⁄𝒔
𝑽 = 𝟎. 99 𝒎⁄𝒔 V<3-3.5m/s
𝑬 = 𝟎. 𝟖𝟎𝒎
14
HIDRAÚLICA
𝐹 = 0.46
𝑭 = 𝟎. 𝟒𝟔 < 𝟏
∴ 𝑭𝒍𝒖𝒋𝒐 𝒔𝒖𝒃𝒄𝒓𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒄𝒐.
15
HIDRAÚLICA
16
HIDRAÚLICA
DATOS:
Solución:
y=0.75D
𝛼
r + rcos = 0.75𝐷
2
𝐷 𝐷 𝛼
2
+ 2
cos 2 = 0.75𝐷
𝐷 𝛼
(cos + 1) = 0.75𝐷
2 2
𝜶
𝐜𝐨𝐬 = 0.5
𝟐
𝜋 𝜋 2
2
= 60° = 3
; 𝛼 = 120° = 3 𝜋
𝟒
𝜽 = 𝟐𝟒𝟎° = 𝝅
𝟑
1 sin 𝜃
R = (1 − )𝑫 = 0.3017D
4 𝜃
17
HIDRAÚLICA
𝟐 𝟏
𝑨×𝑹𝟑 ×𝑺𝟐
𝑸= 𝒏
2 1
0.6318𝐷 2 .(0.3017𝐷)3 .(0.002)2
0.12 = 0.009
𝐷T = 0.397m
𝑫𝑻 = 397 mm
o Revisamos catálogos:
00
18
HIDRAÚLICA
Catálogo Cidelsa
1
A = (𝜃 − sin 𝜃) 𝑫𝟐 = 0.10 𝒎𝟐
8
𝑫𝜃
P= 𝟐
= 0.84
1 sin 𝜃
R = 4(1 − 𝜃
)𝑫 = 0.12
Y =O.75D = 0.30m
𝜽
T = D.𝐬𝐢𝐧 = 0.35
𝟐
𝑸 0.12 𝒎
V = 𝑨 = 0.10 = 0.2 𝒔
19
HIDRAÚLICA
∴ 𝑭𝒍𝒖𝒋𝒐 𝒔𝒖b𝒄𝒓í𝒕𝒊𝒄𝒐
20
HIDRAÚLICA
21
HIDRAÚLICA
DATOS:
Solución:
y=0.75D
𝛼
r + rcos 2 = 0.75𝐷
𝐷 𝐷 𝛼
+ cos = 0.75𝐷
2 2 2
𝐷 𝛼
(cos + 1) = 0.75𝐷
2 2
𝜶
𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝟐 = 0.5
𝜋 𝜋 2
2
= 60° = 3 ; 𝛼 = 120° = 3 𝜋
𝟒
𝜽 = 𝟐𝟒𝟎° = 𝝅
𝟑
22
HIDRAÚLICA
1 sin 𝜃
R = 4(1 − 𝜃
)𝑫 = 0.3017D
𝟐 𝟏
𝑨×𝑹𝟑 ×𝑺𝟐
𝑸= 𝒏
2 1
0.6318𝐷 2 .(0.3017𝐷)3 .(0.0009)2
0.165 =
0.009
DT = 0.510m
DT = 510mm
o Revisamos catálogos:
23
HIDRAÚLICA
Catálogo Cidelsa
1
A = (𝜃 − sin 𝜃) 𝑫𝟐 = 0.6318𝑫𝟐 = 0.20 𝒎𝟐
8
𝑫𝜃
P= 𝟐
= 1.17m
1 sin 𝜃
R = (1 − )𝑫 = 0.3017D = 0.17m
4 𝜃
𝜽
T = D.𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝟐 = 0.48m
𝑸 0.165 𝒎
V=𝑨= = 0.83
0.20 𝒔
24
HIDRAÚLICA
𝐻 = 0.5944 𝑚
o Hallamos la Energía Específica (E):
𝑽𝟐
𝑬=𝒚+𝒂
𝟐𝒈
(0.83)2
𝐸 = 0.30 + 𝑚
2 × 9.81
E = 0.49 m
0.1652 × 0.48
𝐹2 =
9.81 × 0.1983
F = 0.41 < 𝟏
∴ 𝑭𝒍𝒖𝒋𝒐 𝒔𝒖b𝒄𝒓í𝒕𝒊𝒄𝒐
25
HIDRAÚLICA
26
HIDRAÚLICA
DATOS:
𝐶 = 0.40 𝑆 = 0.005
𝐼𝑚á𝑥 = 20 𝑚𝑚/H 𝜃1 = 45° → 𝑧1 = 1.192
Á𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑎 = 18 𝐻𝑎 𝜃2 = 60° → 𝑧2 = 0.466
𝑛 = 0.015
Solución:
o Entonces:
27
HIDRAÚLICA
y2(c)
A= = 0.7885𝑦2
2
0.7885y2
R= = 0.307y
2.57𝑦
2 1
𝐴×𝑅3 ×𝑆 2
𝑄= 𝑛
2 1
0.7885𝑦 2 .(0.307𝑦)3 .(0.005)2
0.165 =
0.015
Y = 0.604m → y = 0.60m
y2(c)
A= = 0.7885𝑦2 = 0.28m
2
0.7885y2
R= 2.57𝑦
= 0.307y = 0.18m
𝑻 = 𝒚 × (𝒁𝟏 + 𝒁𝟐)
𝑻 = 𝟎. 𝟗5m
28
HIDRAÚLICA
𝑸
V=𝑨
0.44
𝑉= 0.28
= 1.57 𝒎/𝒔
𝑽 = 1.57 𝒎/𝒔
𝑽𝟐
𝑬=𝒚+𝒂
𝟐𝒈
(01.57)2
𝐸 = 0.60 + 2×9.81
𝑚
E = 0.73m
o Hallamos el valor de Froude:
𝑸𝟐 × 𝑻
𝑭𝟐 = 𝒂
𝒈 × 𝑨𝟑
0.442 × 0.95
𝐹2 =
9.81 × 0.283
𝑭 =0.92
𝑭 = 0.92 < 𝟏
∴ Flujo subcrítico
29
HIDRAÚLICA
30
HIDRAÚLICA
31
HIDRAÚLICA
DATOS:
𝐶 = 0.40 𝑆 = 0.005
𝐼𝑚á𝑥 = 20 𝑚𝑚/H 𝜃1 = 45° → 𝑧1 = 1.192
Á𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑎 = 20 𝐻𝑎 𝜃2 = 60° → 𝑧2 = 0.466
𝑛 = 0.015 b = 0.50 m
Solución:
Q = Caudal
C = Coeficiente de Escorrentía
I = Intensidad máxima (mm/Hora)
A = Área Colectora (Ha)
Entonces:
32
HIDRAÚLICA
A = A1+ A2 +A3
z1(y2)
A1 = 2
= 0.50𝑦2
A2 =by = 0.5 𝑦
z2(y2)
A3 = = 2
= 0.29 𝑦2
A = 0.79 𝑦2 + 0.5 𝑦
0.79 y2 + 0.5 y
R=
2.57y + 0.5
2 1
𝐴×𝑅3 ×𝑆 2
𝑄= 𝑛
2 1
0.79 y2 + 0.5 y
(0.79𝑦 2 +0.5𝑦).( )3 .(0.005)2
2.57y + 0.5
0.44 = 0.015
Y = 0.3546m → y = 0.35m
b = 0.50 m
o Hallando las dimensiones de las características geométricas:
𝑻 =b + 𝒚 × (𝒁𝟏 + 𝒁𝟐)
𝑻 = 1.05 m
33
HIDRAÚLICA
𝑸
V=𝑨
0.44
𝑉= 0.27
= 1.63 𝒎/𝒔
𝑽 = 1.63 𝒎/𝒔
(1.63)2
𝐸 = 0.35 + 𝑚
2×9.81
E = 0.49 m
𝑸𝟐 × 𝑻
𝑭𝟐 = 𝒂
𝒈 × 𝑨𝟑
0.442 × 1.05
𝐹2 =
9.81 × 0.273
𝑭 = 1.03
𝑭 = 1.03 > 𝟏
∴ Flujo supercrítico
34
HIDRAÚLICA
H (m)
C1 (m)
Y (m) b (m) B.L. (m) e (m) C2 (m) A (m2)
m3/s
35
HIDRAÚLICA
36
HIDRAÚLICA
Q = 1.80 m3/s
𝑆 = 0.009 𝑛 = 0.015
z=0
Solución
𝒃
= 𝟐𝒚(√𝟏 + 𝒛𝟐 − 𝒛)
𝒚
𝑏 = 2𝑦(√1 + 02 − 0)
𝑏 = 2𝑦
𝒃 = 𝟐𝒚
𝑨 = 𝒃𝒚 + 𝒛𝒚𝟐
𝐴 = 2𝑦2 + 0𝑦2
𝐴 = 𝑦2
𝑃 = b + 2y√1 + 𝑧 2
𝑃 = 2𝑦 + 2𝑦√1 + 02
𝑃 = 4𝑦
2y2
𝑅=
4y
𝑹 =0.5y
37
HIDRAÚLICA
𝐲 = 𝟎. 𝟔𝟎𝐦
𝑏 = 2𝑦
𝑏 = 2 𝑥 0.5724
𝑏 = 1.1448 𝑚
b = 1.1448 m → b = 1.15 m
b = 1.15 m
B.L = 0.20 m
𝐴 = by
𝐴 = (1.15) (0.60)
𝐴 = 0.69m2
𝑃 = 𝑏 + 2𝑦
𝑃 = 1.15 + 2(0.60)
38
HIDRAÚLICA
𝑃 = 2.35 m
𝑏𝑦
𝑅=
𝑏 + 2𝑦
0.69 𝑚2
𝑅=
2.35
𝑹 = 𝟎. 𝟐𝟗 𝒎
𝑸
𝑽=
𝑨
1.80 𝑚3/𝑠
𝑉=
0.69 𝑚2
𝑉 = 2.61 𝑚⁄𝑠
𝑬 = 𝟎. 𝟗𝟓 𝒎
39
HIDRAÚLICA
𝑸𝟐 × 𝑻
𝑭𝟐 = 𝒂
𝒈 × 𝑨𝟑
1.802 × 1.15
𝐹2 =
9.81 × 0.693
𝐹 = 1.08
𝑭 = 𝟏. 𝟎𝟖 > 𝟏
∴ 𝑭𝒍𝒖𝒋𝒐 𝒔𝒖𝒑𝒆𝒓𝒄𝒓𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒄𝒐.
40
HIDRAÚLICA
41
HIDRAÚLICA
Solución
𝐶∗𝐼∗𝐴 0.50∗40∗36
Q= = = 2.00 m3/s
360 360
Entonces:
y=0.70D
𝛼
r + rcos 2 = 0.70𝐷
𝐷 𝐷 𝛼
+ cos = 0.70𝐷
2 2 2
𝐷 𝛼
(cos + 1) = 0.70𝐷
2 2
𝜶
𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝟐 = 0.4
𝛼 83 166 𝟐𝟖𝟒
2
= 66.4° = 225 𝜋 ; 𝛼 = 132.8° = 225 𝜋 ; 𝜽 = 𝟐𝟐𝟕. 𝟐° = 𝟐𝟐𝟓 𝝅
1 sin 𝜃
R = 4(1 − 𝜃
)𝑫 = 0.2963D
𝟐 𝟏
𝑨×𝑹𝟑 ×𝑺𝟐
𝑸= 𝒏
2 1
0.5874𝐷 2 .(0.2963𝐷)3 .(0.06)2
2.00 = 0.022
42
HIDRAÚLICA
𝐷T=0.8692m
Diámetro comercial:
DN = 0.90 m = 900 mm
43
HIDRAÚLICA
1
A = 8(𝜃 − sin 𝜃) 𝑫𝟐 = 0.5874𝑫𝟐 = 0.48 𝒎𝟐
𝑫𝜃
P= 𝟐
= 1.78m
1 sin 𝜃
R = 4(1 − 𝜃
)𝑫 = 0.2963D = 0.27m
𝜽
T = D.𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝟐 = 0.82m
𝑸 2 𝒎
V = 𝑨 = 0.480 = 4.17 𝒔
𝑽𝟐
𝑬=𝒚+𝒂
𝟐𝒈
(4.17)2
𝐸 = 0.65 + 𝑚0
2×9.81
E = 1.54 m
∴ 𝑭𝒍𝒖𝒋𝒐 𝒔𝒖𝒑𝒆𝒓𝒄𝒓í𝒕𝒊𝒄𝒐
44
HIDRAÚLICA
45
HIDRAÚLICA
46