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Formulario de Vigas
Formulario de Vigas
FORMULARIO PARA
VIGAS Y PÓRTICOS
Formulario para vigas y pórticos 3.1
( c− 2 )
A⋅ x − a
q( x) = ∑
( c − 2 )!
( c −1)
A⋅ x − a
T ( x ) = −∑
( c − 1) !
c
A⋅ x − a
M( x ) = − ∑
c!
0
si n=0 x≤a x−a =0
0
x≥a x−a =1
n
y si n>0 x≤a x−a =0
= ( x − a)
n n
x≥a x−a
M
Si
0
x≤a x−a =0
a 0
x x≥a x−a =1
entonces
M(x)
M( x ) = − M x − a
0
P
Si
1
x≤a x−a = 0
a
x − a = ( x − a)
1 1
x x≥a
entonces
T(x)
T ( x) = − P x − a
0
M( x ) = − P x − a
1
M(x)
Si
q x≤a x−a
2
=0
= ( x − a)
2 2
x≥a x−a
a
entonces
x
q( x) = q x − a
0
T(x) q
T ( x) = −
1
x−a
1
q
M( x ) = −
2
2 x−a
2 ⋅1
M(x)
por lo tanto A=q
c=2
Si
q 3
x≤a x−a =0
= ( x − a)
3 3
x≥a x−a
a d
x
entonces
2
qd
q( x) =
1
T(x) x−a
1
qd
T ( x) = −
2
x−a
3 2 ⋅1
M(x) qd
M( x ) = −
3
x−a
3 ⋅ 2 ⋅1
q
por lo tanto A=
d
c=3
3.4 Prontuario para Cálculo de Estructuras
q q
M(x) = −〈 x-a〉 2 + 〈 x-b〉 2
2!
a dM( x )
b T ( x) =
dx
x
q/d
q q/d q
M( x ) = -〈 x-a〉 3 + 〈 x-b〉 3 + 〈 x-b〉 2
3! 2!
a d dM( x )
T ( x) =
b dx
x
q/d
q q q/d
M(x) = − 〈 x-a〉 2 + 〈 x-a〉 3 − 〈 x-b〉 3
2! 3!
a d dM( x )
T ( x) =
b dx
x
qa qb
qb M(x) = − 〈 x-a〉 2 + 〈 x-b〉 2 +
qa 2! 2!
+
( )
q b − q a /d
−〈 x-a〉 3 + 〈 x-b〉 3
3!
a d
b dM( x )
T ( x) =
x dx
qa qb
qa M(x) = − 〈 x-a〉 2 + 〈 x-b〉 2 +
qb 2! 2!
+
(q a )
− q b /d
〈 x-a〉 3 − 〈 x-b〉 3
3!
a d
b dM( x )
T ( x) =
x dx
Formulario para vigas y pórticos
3.2 VIGA APOYADA EN LOS EXTREMOS
P
3.2.1 CARGA PUNTUAL EN LA VIGA A B
REACCIONES
C
P⋅b P⋅a
RA = RB =
L L
x
ESFUERZOS CORTANTES
P⋅b P⋅a a b
QAC = = cte ; QCB = − = cte
L L
L
MOMENTOS FLECTORES
P⋅b P⋅a P⋅a⋅b
MAC = ⋅ x ; MCB = ⋅ ( L − x) ; Mmax = MC = para x0 = a
L L L
ANGULOS DE GIRO QB
P⋅a⋅b P⋅a⋅b P⋅a⋅b
ϕA = ⋅ ( L + b) ; ϕB = − ⋅ ( L + a) ; ϕC = ⋅ ( b − a)
6⋅E⋅I⋅L 6⋅E⋅I⋅L 3⋅E⋅I⋅L QA
ECUACION DE LA ELASTICA
P ⋅ L ⋅ a ⋅ ( L − x ) a2 L − x
2
P ⋅ L ⋅ b ⋅ x b2 x 2
y AC = ⋅ 1− 2 − 2 ; y CB = ⋅ 1− 2 −
6⋅E⋅I L L 6⋅E⋅I L L
FLECHA MAXIMA
P⋅b 3 L2 − b2
fC =
9⋅ E ⋅I ⋅ L 3
(
⋅ L2 − b2 ) 2
para x =
3
M max
3.5
3.6
3.2.2 CARGA CONTÍNUA EN PARTE DE LA VIGA
c
REACCIONES
p⋅b⋅c p⋅a⋅c P
RA = RB =
L L A B
ESFUERZOS CORTANTES
p⋅b⋅c p⋅b⋅c c p⋅a⋅c C D
QAC = ; QCD = − p⋅ − a + x ; QDB = −
L L 2 L
x
MOMENTOS FLECTORES
p⋅b⋅c p⋅b⋅c p c
MAC = ⋅ x ; MCD = ⋅ x − ⋅ x − a − 2 a b
L L 2 2
p⋅ a⋅c L
MDB = ⋅ ( L − x)
L
p⋅b⋅c b⋅c c b⋅c
Mmax = ⋅ 2⋅a− c+ para x0 = a − +
2 ⋅ L L 2 L QB
ANGULOS DE GIRO
QA
ECUACION DE LA ELASTICA
p⋅b⋅c x 2 c2
y AC = ⋅ − x + a ⋅ L + b −
6 ⋅ L E ⋅ I 4 ⋅ a
p c
4
c2
y CD = ⋅ L ⋅ x − a − − 4 ⋅ b ⋅ c ⋅ x3 + 4 ⋅ a ⋅ b ⋅ c ⋅ L + b − ⋅ x
24 ⋅ E ⋅ I ⋅ L 2 4⋅a
p⋅a⋅c L − x c2
⋅ − ( L − x ) + b ⋅ L + a −
2
y = ⋅
DB
6⋅L E ⋅ I 4 ⋅ a M max
3.2.3 CARGA TRAPEZOIDAL EN TODA LA VIGA
ECUACION DE LA ELASTICA
x ( L − x ) 3 ( p1 − p2 ) x − 3 ( 4 p1 + p2 ) Lx +
3 2
yx =
360EI ( 8 p1 + 7p2 ) L2 x + ( 8 p1 + 7p2 ) L3
FLECHA MAXIMA
( p + p2 ) ⋅ L4 y
entre 0,01302 ⋅ 1 0,01304 ⋅
( p1 + p2 ) ⋅ L4
2⋅E⋅I 2⋅E⋅I M max
x0
3.7
3.8
3.2.4 MOMENTO FLECTOR
REACCIONES
M
R A = −R B = −
L +M
C
ESFUERZOS CORTANTES
M A B
Qx = = cte a b
L
MOMENTOS FLECTORES L
M M
MAC = − ⋅ x MCB = − ⋅ ( L − x )
L L
izq M der M
MC = − ⋅ a MC = − ⋅ b M = MCizq + MCder
L L
ANGULOS DE GIRO
M ⋅ L b2 M ⋅ L a2
ϕA = ⋅ 3 ⋅ 2 − 1 ; ϕ B = ⋅3⋅ − 1
6⋅E⋅I L 6 ⋅ E ⋅ I L2
QA QB
M
( )
3 ⋅ E ⋅ I ⋅ L2
ECUACION DE LA ELASTICA
M⋅ L ⋅ x b2 x 2
y AC = − ⋅ 1− 3 ⋅ 2 − 2
6⋅E⋅I L L MC
M ⋅ L ⋅ (L − x) a2 L − x
2
yCB = − ⋅ 1− 3 ⋅ 2 −
6⋅E⋅I L L M
MC
FLECHA
M⋅ a ⋅ b
fC = ⋅ ( b − a)
3⋅E⋅I⋅L
3.3 VIGA EMPOTRADA EN LOS EXTREMOS
REACCIONES C
P ⋅ b2 P ⋅ a2 A B
RA = 3 ⋅ ( L + 2 ⋅ a) ; RB = ⋅ ( L + 2 ⋅ b)
L L3
x
ESFUERZOS CORTANTES
P ⋅ b2 P ⋅ a2 a b
QAC = 3 ⋅ ( L + 2 ⋅ a) = cte ; QCB = − ⋅ ( L + 2 ⋅ b ) = cte
L L3
L
MOMENTOS FLECTORES
P ⋅ a ⋅ b2 P ⋅ a2 ⋅ b P ⋅ b2
MA = − ; MB = − ; M AC = ⋅ ( L ⋅ x + 2 ⋅ a ⋅ x − a ⋅ L)
L2 L2 L3 QB
P ⋅ a2 2 ⋅ P ⋅ a2 ⋅ b2
MBC
L
(
= 3 ⋅ L ⋅ b + L2 − L ⋅ x − 2 ⋅ b ⋅ x ; MC = ) L3
para x0 = a
QA
ECUACION DE LA ELASTICA
P ⋅ b2 2 ⋅ a ⋅ x x2
y AC = ⋅3 ⋅a − x − ⋅
6⋅E⋅I L L2
L − x ⋅ (L − x) MB
2
P ⋅ a2
y BC = ⋅ 3 ⋅ b − (L − x) − 2 ⋅ b ⋅ MA
6⋅E⋅I L L2
FLECHAS
MC
P ⋅ a3 ⋅ b3 2 ⋅ P ⋅ a3 ⋅ b2
fC = ; fmax =
3 ⋅ E ⋅ I ⋅ L3 3 ⋅ E ⋅ I ⋅ ( L + 2 ⋅ a)
2
x
2 ⋅a⋅ L 0
para x=
3.9
L + 2⋅a
3.10
3.3.2 CARGA CONTÍNUA EN PARTE DE LA VIGA
c
REACCIONES P
p ⋅ b ⋅ c MA − MB p ⋅ a ⋅ c MA − MB
RA = − ; RB = +
L L L L C D
ESFUERZOS CORTANTES A B
c
QAC = RA = cte ; QBD = −RB = cte ; QCD = RA − p ⋅ x − a + x
a
MOMENTOS FLECTORES a b
2
p c
MAC = RA ⋅ x + MA ; MCD = RA ⋅ x + MA − ⋅x − a+ L
2 2
p ⋅ c3 12 ⋅ a ⋅ b2
MBD = RB ⋅ ( L − x ) + MB ; MA = − ⋅L − 3⋅b +
12 ⋅ L2 c2 Q
A
p ⋅ c3 12 ⋅ a2 ⋅ b
MB = − ⋅ L − 3⋅a+
ECUACION DE LA ELASTICA
x2
y AC = ⋅ ( −3 ⋅ MA − RA ⋅ x )
6⋅E⋅I
1 c
4
MA
yCD = ⋅ p ⋅ x − a + − 4 ⋅ RA ⋅ x 3 − 12 ⋅ MA ⋅ x 3 MB
24 ⋅ E ⋅ I 2
1
y DB = RB x 3 − 3 ( MB + LRB ) x 2 + 3 ( 2 MA + LRB ) Lx − ( 3 MB + LRB ) L2
6EI
3.3.3 CARGA TRAPEZOIDAL EN TODA LA VIGA
ESFUERZOS CORTANTES
A B
QA = RA
p1 ⋅ ( 2 ⋅ L − x ) + p2 ⋅ x x
Qx = RA − ⋅x
2⋅L L
QB = −RB
MOMENTOS FLECTORES
L2
MA = − ( 3 ⋅ p1 + 2 ⋅ p2 ) Q
60 A
p ⋅ ( 3 ⋅ L − x ) + p2 ⋅ x 2
Mx = RA ⋅ x + MA − 1 ⋅x Q
6⋅L B
L2
MB = − ( 2 ⋅ p1 + 3 ⋅ p2 )
60
ECUACION DE LA ELASTICA
x2 ( p − p1) 3 MA
yx = ⋅ 2 ⋅ x + p1 ⋅ L ⋅ x 2 − 4 ⋅ RA ⋅ L ⋅ x − 12 ⋅ MA ⋅ L MB
24 ⋅ E ⋅ I ⋅ L 5
3.11
3.12
3.3.4 MOMENTO FLECTOR
REACCIONES
6⋅M 6⋅M
RA = − 3 ⋅ a ⋅ b ; RB = ⋅a⋅b
L L3 C +M
A B
ESFUERZOS CORTANTES
6⋅M x
Qx = − ⋅ a ⋅ b = cte
L3
a b
MOMENTOS FLECTORES
M⋅ a b M⋅ b a L
MA = ⋅2 − 3⋅ MB = − ⋅2 − 3⋅
L L L L
M⋅ a a x
MAC = ⋅ 3 ⋅ ⋅ 1− 2 ⋅ − 1
L L L
M⋅ b b L−x
MCB = − ⋅ 3 ⋅ ⋅ 1− 2 ⋅ − 1 QA QB
L L L
6⋅M 2 M 3
MCizq = MA − MCder = MA + (
⋅ L − 6 ⋅ a2 ⋅ b )
ECUACION DE LA ELASTICA
M ⋅ b ⋅ x2 L− x b
y AC = ⋅2⋅a⋅ 2 −
2⋅E⋅I⋅L L L
MC
M⋅ a ⋅ ( L − x )
2
b⋅ x a MB
y BC = ⋅2 ⋅ 2 −
2⋅E⋅I⋅L L L
MA
FLECHA
M ⋅ a2 ⋅ b2 MC
fC = − ⋅ ( a − b)
2 ⋅ E ⋅ I ⋅ L3
3.4 VIGA APOYADA-EMPOTRADA
P⋅x 2 P⋅a
MAC =
2 ⋅ L3
⋅ b ⋅ ( 3 ⋅ a + 2 ⋅ b ) ; MCB =
2 ⋅ L3
(
⋅ 2 ⋅ L3 − 3 ⋅ L2 ⋅ x + a2 ⋅ x )
Q
B
ANGULOS DE GIRO
P ⋅ a ( L − a)
2
P ⋅ a ⋅ ( L − a)
2
Q
ϕA =
4⋅E⋅I⋅L
; ϕC =
4⋅E⋅I⋅L 3 (
⋅ L2 − 2 ⋅ a ⋅ L − a2 ) A
ECUACION DE LA ELASTICA
P ⋅ b2 ⋅ x
y AC = ⋅ 3 ⋅ a ⋅ L2 − x 2 ⋅ ( 2 ⋅ L + a)
12 ⋅ E ⋅ I ⋅ L3 MB
P ⋅ a ⋅ ( L − x)
2
a2 a2 L − x
y BC = ⋅ 3 ⋅ 1− 2 − 3 − 2 ⋅
12 ⋅ E ⋅ I L L L
FLECHA MAXIMA
p ⋅ b2 ⋅ a a a
fmax = ⋅ para x=L ⋅
3.13
6⋅E⋅I 2⋅L + a 2⋅L + a MC
3.14
3.4.2 CARGA CONTÍNUA EN PARTE DE LA VIGA
c
REACCIONES P
p ⋅ b ⋅ c MB p ⋅ a ⋅ c MB
RA = + ; RB = −
L L L L
ESFUERZOS CORTANTES C
c A B
QAC = RA = cte ; QDB = −RB = cte ; QCD = RA − p ⋅ x − a +
2
x
MOMENTOS FLECTORES a b
2
p c L
MAC = RA ⋅ x ; MCD = RA ⋅ x − ⋅ x − a +
2 2
p⋅a⋅b⋅c c2
MDB = RB ⋅ ( L − x ) + MB ; MB = − ⋅ L + a −
2 ⋅ L2 4⋅b QB
ANGULOS DE GIRO
QA
ECUACION DE LA ELASTICA
x 12 ⋅ a ⋅ b2
MB
y AC = ⋅ −8 ⋅ RA ⋅ L ⋅ x 2 + p ⋅ c3 ⋅ L − 3b +
48 ⋅ E ⋅ I ⋅ L c2
1 c
4
12ab2
yCD = ⋅ −8RALx 3 + 2 pL x − a + + pc3 L − 3b + x
48 ⋅ E ⋅ I ⋅ L 4 c2
(L − x)
2
y DB = − ⋅ RB ⋅ ( L − x ) + 3 ⋅ MB
6⋅E⋅I
Formulario para vigas y pórticos
3.4.3 CARGA TRAPEZOIDAL EN TODA LA VIGA
P2
REACCIONES P1
L M L M
RA = ⋅ ( 2 ⋅ p1 + p2 ) + B ; RB = ⋅ ( p1 + 2 ⋅ p2 ) − B
6 L 6 L
A B
x
ESFUERZOS CORTANTES L
p1 ⋅ ( 2 ⋅ L − x ) + p2 ⋅ x
Qx = RA − ⋅x ; QB = −RB
2⋅L
Q Q
A B
MOMENTOS FLECTORES
p1 ⋅ ( 3 ⋅ L − x ) + p2 ⋅ x L2
Mx = RA ⋅ x − ⋅ x2 ; MB = − ⋅ ( 7 ⋅ p1 + 8 ⋅ p2 )
6⋅L 120
ANGULOS DE GIRO
MB
L3
ϕA = ⋅ ( 3 ⋅ p1 + 2 ⋅ p2 )
240 ⋅ E ⋅ I
ECUACION DE LA ELASTICA
x
yx = ( p2 − p1) x4 + 5Lp1x3 − 20RALx2 + 5L 12RAL2 − ( 3p1 + p2 ) L3
120EIL
3.15
3.16
3.4.4 MOMENTO FLECTOR
REACCIONES
3 M 2
RA = −RB = (
⋅ ⋅ L − a2 )
C +M
2 L3
A B
ESFUERZOS CORTANTES
x
Qx = RA = cte
a b
MOMENTOS FLECTORES
L
M
MCder = RA ⋅ a − M ; MCizq = RA ⋅ a ; (
⋅ L2 − 3 ⋅ a2
MB =
2 ⋅ L2
)
3 M⋅ x 2 M x a2
MAC = ⋅
2 L3
(
⋅ L − a2 ) ; MBC = ⋅ 3 ⋅ ⋅ 1− 2 − 2
2 L L
ANGULOS DE GIRO
ECUACION DE LA ELASTICA
MC
M⋅ b ⋅ x
y AC =
4 ⋅ E ⋅ I ⋅ L3
( )
⋅ −4 ⋅ L3 − x 2 − 3 ⋅ L2 ⋅ ( a + L )
M MB
y BC =
4 ⋅ E ⋅ I ⋅ L3 (
⋅ ( L − x ) ⋅ 2 ⋅ a2 ⋅ L − x ⋅ L2 − a2
2
)
MC
3.5 VIGA EMPOTRADA EN UN EXTREMO
REACCIONES
A B
RB = P
x
ESFUERZOS CORTANTES
QAC = 0 ; QCB = −P = cte a b
L
MOMENTOS FLECTORES
MAC = 0 ; MCB = −P ⋅ ( x − a) ; MB = −P ⋅ b
ANGULOS DE GIRO
P QB
ϕ A = ϕC = − ⋅ b2
2⋅E⋅I
ECUACION DE LA ELASTICA
P ⋅ b2 P
⋅ ( 3 ⋅ ( L − x ) − b) ⋅ ( L − x ) ⋅ ( 2 ⋅ b + 3 ⋅ a)
2
y AC = ; y CB =
6⋅E⋅I 6⋅E⋅I
MB
FLECHA MAXIMA
P ⋅ b3 P ⋅ b2
fC = ; fA = ⋅ ( 2 ⋅ b + 3 ⋅ a)
3⋅E⋅I 6⋅E⋅I
3.17
3.18
3.5.2 CARGA CONTÍNUA EN PARTE DE LA VIGA
REACCIONES . c
RB = p ⋅ c
P
ESFUERZOS CORTANTES .
c A
QAC = 0 ; QCD = − p ⋅ x − a + ; QDB = − p ⋅ c = cte C D
2
B
MOMENTOS FLECTORES .
2
c x
p⋅ x − a+
2 p ⋅ c2
MAC = 0 ; MCD = − ; MD = − a
2 2 b
MDB = − p ⋅ c ⋅ ( x − a) ; MB = − p ⋅ c ⋅ b
L
ANGULOS DE GIRO .
p ⋅ c 2 c2 p ⋅ c 2 c2
ϕD = − ⋅b − ; ϕC = − ⋅b + ; ϕ A = ϕC
2⋅E⋅I 4 2⋅E⋅I 12
ECUACION DE LA ELASTICA .
FLECHAS .
2
p⋅ c c b c
fD = ⋅ b− ⋅ + M
E ⋅ I 2 3 12 B
p ⋅ c
2
c p⋅ c c2
fC = ⋅ b + ⋅ ( 4 ⋅ b − c) + c3 ; fA = ⋅ a ⋅ 3 ⋅ b2 + + 2 ⋅ b3
12 ⋅ E ⋅ I 2 6 ⋅ E ⋅ I 4
Formulario para vigas y pórticos
3.5.3 CARGA TRAPEZOIDAL EN TODA LA VIGA
REACCIONES
1
RB = ( p1 + p2 ) P2
2
P1
ESFUERZOS CORTANTES
A
p − p1 x 2 L
Qx = − 2 ⋅ − p1 ⋅ x ; QB = − ( p1 + p2 )
2 L 2 B
MOMENTOS FLECTORES x
x2 L2
Mx = − ⋅ ( p2 − p1) ⋅ x + 3 ⋅ L ⋅ p1 ; MB = − ⋅ ( p2 + 2 ⋅ p1 ) L
6⋅L 6
ANGULOS DE GIRO
L3 ⋅ ( 3 ⋅ p1 + p2 )
ϕA = −
24 ⋅ E ⋅ I
ECUACION DE LA ELASTICA QB
2 ( L − x)
3
yx =
( L − x ) − ( p2 − p1 ) + ( L − x ) p2 −
2
5L
24EI
−2 L ( L − x )( p2 + p 1 ) + 2 L2
( p 2 + 2 p1 )
FLECHA
MB
L4 ⋅ ( 4 ⋅ p2 + 11⋅ p1 )
fA =
120 ⋅ E ⋅ I
3.19
3.20
3.5.4 MOMENTO FLECTOR
REACCIONES M
A
RB = 0 B
ESFUERZO CORTANTE x
Qx = 0 a b
MOMENTOS FLECTORES L
ANGULOS DE GIRO
M⋅ b
ϕC = ϕ A = −
E⋅I
M M
⋅ b ⋅ ( 2 ⋅ L − 2 ⋅ x − b) (L − x)
2
y AC = ; y BC =
2⋅E⋅I 2⋅E⋅I
FLECHA
M ⋅ b2 M
fC = ; fA = ⋅ b ⋅ ( 2 ⋅ L − b)
2⋅E⋅I 2⋅E⋅I MB
3.6 VIGAS CONTINUAS DE DOS VANOS IGUALES
A B C A B C
L/2 L/2 L/2 L/2 L/2 L/2
L L L L
0,688 P
0,312 P 0,405 P
0,094 P 0,094 P
A B C A B C
0,312 P
0,688 P 0,594 P
- 0,188 PL
- 0,094 PL
A B C A B C
3.21
3.22
Q Q Q
A B C A B C
L L L L
0,625 QL
0,375 L
0,375 QL 0,437 QL
0,063 QL
A B C A B C
0,375 QL
0,375 L 0,563 QL
0,625 QL 0,437 L
A B C A B C
2 2 2
0,07 QL 0,07 QL 0,096 QL
k a b c d e f g
2 k 2 − k +1 k f
e QL f= a = 0.5 − f b = 0.5 + f c= +
2
g QL 8 2 k
k f a2 d2
3.23
MOMENTOS FLECTORES d= − e= g=
2 k 2 2
3.24
Q Q
Relación
MOMENTOS
entre ESFUERZOS CORTANTES
A
L B
k L C
luces FLECTORES
k a b c d f g
c QL
2,4 -0,045 1,045 1,427 0,973 0,545 0,473
d L 2,5 -0,094 1,094 1,487 1,013 0,594 0,513
2,6 -0,145 1,145 1,548 1,051 0,645 0,553
A
B C 2,7 -0,198 1,198 1,608 1,091 0,698 0,595
a QL
2,8 -0,255 1,255 1,669 1,130 0,755 0,638
b QL
d QL 2,9 -0,313 1,313 1,730 1,169 0,813 0,683
k 2 − k +1
f= a = 0.5 − f b = 0.5 + f
8
k f a2 d2
d= − e= g=
A B C 2 k 2 2
2
MOMENTOS FLECTORES g QL
3.8 VIGAS CONTINUAS DE TRES VANOS CON SIMETRIA DE LUCES
Relación
ESFUERZOS MOMENTOS
entre
A B C D luces CORTANTES FLECTORES
L k L L
k a b c e f g
A C
c QL
b QL a QL
a L
k3 + 1
f= a = 0.5 − f b = 0.5 + f
ESFUERZOS CORTANTES 12 ⋅ k + 8
k a2 k2
2 2 c= e= g= −f
f QL f QL 2 2 8
2
g QL
A B C D
2 2
e QL e QL
3.25
MOMENTOS FLECTORES
3.26
Q Q Q
Relación
ESFUERZOS MOMENTOS
entre
A B C D luces CORTANTES FLECTORES
L k L L
k a b c e f g
p
3.9.1 CARGA REPARTIDA VERTICAL
B C
I 2
x
REACCIONES
m n
psn I 1 I 1
h
VA =
l
psm
VD =
l A D
3 ps s 2
HA = HD = mn − l
2hlN 12
MOMENTOS FLECTORES MB MC
3 ps s2
MB = MC = − ⋅ mn −
2 lN 12
En S
p(x − m)2
Mx = VA ⋅ x − − HA ⋅ h
2
HA HD
3.27
VA VD
3.28
3.9.2 CARGA REPARTIDA HORIZONTAL
REACCIONES p B
C
I 2
ph2
VA = VD =
2l
ph ( 2N + k ) I 1 I 1
h
HD =
8N y
ph ( 6N − k )
HA = A D
8N
l
MOMENTOS FLECTORES
ph2 MB MC
( 2N − k )
VA VD
Formulario para vigas y pórticos
3.9.3 CARGA PUNTUAL VERTICAL SOBRE DINTEL
P
m n
REACCIONES
B C
Pn I
VA = 2
l
Pm
VD =
l I 1 I 1
h
3 Pmn
HA = HD =
2 lhN
A D
MOMENTOS FLECTORES l
3 Pmn
MB = MC = − ⋅
2 lN
MB MC
2N − 3
MP = Pmn
2lN
MP
HA HD
3.29
VA VD
3.30
3.10 PÓRTICOS SIMPLES BIARTICULADOS A LA MISMA ALTURA. DINTEL INCLINADO
I3 h1 I3 h 2
k1 = ⋅ y k2 = ⋅
I1 s I2 s
p
3.10.1 CARGA REPARTIDA VERTICAL
C
s
f
REACCIONES I 3
B
pl x I 2
h2
VA = VD =
2 h1 I 1
pl 2 h1 + h2
HA = HD =
8 h12 (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2 A D
l
MOMENTOS FLECTORES
MC = −
pl 2 ( h1 + h2 ) h2 MB
8 h1 (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2
2
En BC
px(l − x) f
MX = − HA x + h1
2 l HA HD
VA VD
Formulario para vigas y pórticos
3.10.2 CARGA REPARTIDA HORIZONTAL SOBRE PILAR
C
s
REACCIONES f
p I 3
ph12 B
VA = VD = I 2
h2
2l
I
HA = ph1 − HD h1 1
y
ph12 h1 ( 4 + 5k 1 ) + 2h2 A D
HD =
8 h1 (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2
2
MOMENTOS FLECTORES
MC
ph12 ph3 h1 ( 4 + 5k 1 ) + 2h2
MB = − 1 2
2 8 h1 (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2
MB
ph12 h2 h1 ( 4 + 5k 1 ) + 2h2
MC =
8 h1 (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2
2
En AB
py 2
MY = HA y − HA HD
2
VA VD
3.31
3.32
3.10.3 CARGA REPARTIDA HORIZONTAL SOBRE DINTEL
p
REACCIONES C
s
pf ( h1 + h2 ) f
VA = VD = I y
2l 3
B
HA = pf − HD I 2
h2
h1 I 1
pf 8h (1+ k 1 ) + 4h1h2 + f ( h1 + h2 )
2
1
HD = A D
8 h (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2
2
1
MOMENTOS FLECTORES
En BC HA HD
l py 2 VA VD
MY = −VA y + HA ( y + h1 ) −
f 2
Formulario para vigas y pórticos
3.10.4 CARGA PUNTUAL VERTICAL SOBRE DINTEL
C
REACCIONES
s
f
Pb I
VA = 3
l B
I h2
Pa 2
VD = a b
l h1 I 1
Pab h1(l + b) + h2 (l + a)
HA = HD = 2 2
2l h1 (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2 A D
MOMENTOS FLECTORES
Pabh1 h1 ( l + b ) + h2 ( l + a ) MC
MB = −
2l 2
h1 (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2
2
MB
Pabh2 h1 ( l + b ) + h2 ( l + a ) MP
MC = −
2l 2
h1 (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2
2
Pab af HA HD
MP = + HA + h1
l l VA VD
3.33
3.34
3.11 PÓRTICOS SIMPLES BIARTICULADOS A LA MISMA ALTURA. DINTEL A DOS AGUAS
I2 h
k= ⋅
I1 s
REACCIONES s
f
I 2
I 2
pl B D
VA = VE =
2 x
pl 2 8h + 5f I 1 I 1 h
HA = HE =
32 h ( 3 + k ) + f ( 3h + f )
2
A E
MOMENTOS FLECTORES l
pl 2 h
En BC y DC
x (l − x) MB 2fx
MX = p + h+
2 h l
HA HE
VA VE
Formulario para vigas y pórticos
3.11.2 CARGA REPARTIDA VERTICAL SOBRE MEDIO DINTEL
p
REACCIONES
C
pl
VA = 3 s
8 f
I 2
I 2
pl
VE = B D
8 x
pl 2 8h + 5f I I
HA = HE = 1 1 h
64 h ( 3 + k ) + f ( 3h + f )
2
A E
MOMENTOS FLECTORES l
pl 2 h 8h + 5f
MB = MD = −
64 h ( 3 + k ) + f ( 3h + f )
2
MC
pl 2 f + h
MC = + MB
16 h
MB MD
En BC
x (l − x) MB 2fx
MX = p + h+ l
2 h
HA HE
3.35
VA VE
3.36
3.11.3 CARGA REPARTIDA HORIZONTAL SOBRE PILAR
REACCIONES
C
ph2 s
VA = VE = f
2l I I
p 2 2
HA = ph − HE D
B
HE =
ph 2
( 5k + 12 ) h + 6f
16 h ( k + 3 ) + f ( f + 3h)
2 I 1 I 1 h
y
A E
MOMENTOS FLECTORES
l
ph2
MB = + MD
2 MC
ph2 f + h
MC = + MD
4 h
En AB
py 2
My = − + HA ⋅ y
2
HA HE
VA VE
Formulario para vigas y pórticos
3.11.4 CARGA REPARTIDA HORIZONTAL SOBRE DINTEL
REACCIONES
p C
pf
VA = VE = ( f + 2 h) s
f
2l I I
2 2
HA = pf − HE B D
pf 8h ( k + 3 ) + 5f ( f + 4h)
2
y
HE =
16 h2 ( k + 3 ) + f ( f + 3h) I 1 I 1 h
x
A E
MOMENTOS FLECTORES
l
MB = HA ⋅ h
pf 2 4h ( k + 2 ) + f ( 5h + f )
2 MC
MC = − ⋅ 2
16 h ( k + 3 ) + f ( f + 3h)
MD = −HE ⋅ h
MB MD
En BC
( y − h)
2
Mx = HA ⋅ y − VA ⋅ x − p
2
f HA HE
siendo y = x + h
l VA VE
3.37
3.38
3.11.5 CARGA PUNTUAL VERTICAL SOBRE DINTEL
p
REACCIONES
C
Pn s
VA = f
l I 2
I 2
Pm B D
VA =
l m n
(2
Pm 6hln+ f 3l − 4m
HA = HE = 2 2
2
) I 1 I 1 h
4 l h ( k + 3 ) + f ( f + 3 h) A E
l
MOMENTOS FLECTORES
MB = MD = −HA ⋅ h
MC
Pm h + f
MC = + MB
2 h
HA HE
VA VE
3.12 PÓRTICOS SIMPLES BIARTICULADOS A DISTINTA ALTURA. DINTEL HORIZONTAL
A
pl 2 h1 − h2
HA = HD =
8 h1 (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2
2
l
MOMENTOS FLECTORES
MB MC
MB = −
pl 2 ( h1 + h2 ) h1
8 h1 (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2
2
MC = −
pl 2 ( h1 + h2 ) h2
8 h1 (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2
2
HD
En BC VD
px 2
Mx = VA ⋅ x − − HA ⋅ h1 HA
2
3.39
VA
3.40
3.12.2 CARGA REPARTIDA HORIZONTAL SOBRE PILAR
REACCIONES
p B
C
2
ph h − h2 I
VA = VD = − HD 1
1 3
2l l
I h2
HA = ph − HD 2
h1 I
ph12 5k1h1 + 4h1 + 2h2 1 D
HD =
8 h12 (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2 y
A
MOMENTOS FLECTORES
l
ph2 ph3 5k1h1 + 4h1 + 2h2
MB = − 1 − 1 2
2 8 h1 (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2
MB MC
ph12 h2 5k1h1 + 4h1 + 2h2
MC = −
8 h1 (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2
En AB
py 2
My = HA ⋅ y − HD
2
VD
HA
VA
Formulario para vigas y pórticos
3.12.3 CARGA PUNTUAL VERTICAL SOBRE DINTEL
P
a b
REACCIONES
B C
Pb Pab ( l + b ) h1 + ( l + a) h2 I
VA =
l
+ 3 2
2l h1 (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2
h1 − h2( ) 3
I 2
h2
h1 I 1
Pa Pab ( l + b ) h1 + ( l + a) h2 D
VD =
l
− 3 2
2l h1 (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2
h1 − h2( )
A
HA = HD =
Pab ( l + b ) h1 + ( l + a) h2 l
2l h1 (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2
2 2
MOMENTOS FLECTORES
MB MC
MB = −
Pabh1 ( l + b) h1 + ( l + a) h2
2l 2
h1 (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2
2
MP
HD
MC = −
Pabh2 ( l + b ) h1 + ( l + a) h2
2l 2
h1 (1+ k1 ) + h22 (1+ k2 ) + h1h2
2 VD
HA
MP = VA ⋅ a + MB VA
3.41
3.42
3.13 PÓRTICOS SIMPLES BIEMPOTRADOS A LA MISMA ALTURA. DINTEL HORIZONTAL
I2 h
k= ⋅
I1 l
pl pl 2 I I h
VA = VD = HA = HD = 1 1
2 4h ( k + 2 )
A D
MOMENTOS FLECTORES
l
pl2
MA = MD =
12 ( k + 2 )
REACCIONES p B
C
2
ph k I
VA = VD = 2
l ( 6k + 1)
HA = ph − HD
I I h
ph ( 2k + 3 )
1 1
HD = y
8 ( k + 2)
A D
MOMENTOS FLECTORES
l
ph2 2 1
MA = − 5 + 6k + 1 + k + 2
24
ph2 2 2 MB MC
MB = 1− +
24 6k + 1 k + 2
MB
ph2 2 2
MC = − 3 − 6k + 1 − k + 2
24
ph2 2 1
MD = 3 + 6k + 1 − k + 2
24
En AB
HA HD
py 2
My = − + HA ⋅ y + MA MA MD
2 VA VD
3.43
3.44
3.13.3 CARGA PUNTUAL VERTICAL SOBRE DINTEL
REACCIONES P
m n
Pn m ( n − m) B C
VA = 1+ 2 I
l l ( 6k + 1) 2
VD = P − VA
3Pmn I I h
HA = HD = 1 1
2lh(k + 2)
MOMENTOS FLECTORES A D
Pmn 1 n− m l
MA = −
2l k + 2 l ( 6k + 1)
Pmn 1 n− m
MB = − + MB MC
l k + 2 2l ( 6k + 1)
Pmn 1 n− m
MD = +
2l k + 2 l ( 6k + 1)
Pmn nMB mMC
MP = + + HA HD
l l l MA MD
VA VD
Formulario para vigas y pórticos
3.13.4 CARGA PUNTUAL HORIZONTAL EN CABEZA DE PILAR
REACCIONES
P B
C
3Phk I
VA = VD = 2
l(6k + 1)
P
HA = HD =
2 I 1 I 1
h
MOMENTOS FLECTORES
A D
Ph 3k + 1
MA = − l
2 6k + 1
Ph 3k
MB = − MC =
2 6k + 1
MB MC
Ph 3k + 1
MD =
2 6k + 1
HA HD
MA MD
VA VD
3.45
3.46
3.14 PÓRTICOS SIMPLES BIEMPOTRADOS A LA MISMA ALTURA. DINTEL A DOS AGUAS
I2 h
k= ⋅
I1 s
p
3.14.1 CARGA REPARTIDA VERTICAL SOBRE DINTEL
C
s
REACCIONES f
I 2
I 2
pl B D
VA = VE = x
2
pl 2 k ( 4h + 5f ) + f I 1 I 1 h
HA = HE =
(
8 ( kh + f )2 + 4k h2 + hf + f 2 ) A E
l
MOMENTOS FLECTORES
pl 2 k ( 4h + 5f ) + f B D
HA = HE = x
(
16 ( kh + f )2 + 4k h2 + hf + f 2 ) I 1 I 1 h
MOMENTOS FLECTORES
A E
pl 2 kh ( 8h + 15f ) + f ( 6h − f ) pl 2
MA = −
(
96 ( kh + f ) + 4k f 2 + fh + h2
2
) 64 ( 3k + 1) l
pl 2 kh ( 8h + 15f ) + f ( 6h − f ) pl 2
ME = + MC
(
96 ( kh + f )2 + 4k f 2 + fh + h2 ) 64 ( 3k + 1)
pl 2 kh (16h + 15f ) + f 2 pl 2 MB MD
MB = − −
(
96 ( kh + f )2 + 4k f 2 + fh + h2 )
64 ( 3k + 1)
3.47
2
3.48
3.14.3 CARGA REPARTIDA HORIZONTAL SOBRE PILAR
REACCIONES
ph2 k C
VA = VE =
2l ( 3k + 1)
s
HA = ph − HE f
p I 2
I 2
ph2 k 2 h + k ( 2 f + 3 h) + f B D
HE =
(
4 ( kh + f )2 + 4k f 2 + fh + h2 ) I I
1 1 h
y
MOMENTOS FLECTORES
A E
2
ph2 kh ( k + 6 ) + kf (15h + 16f ) + 6f
2
2k + 1 l
MA = − + 6
(
24 ( kh + f )2 + 4k f 2 + fh + h2 ) 3k + 1
MC
ph2
MB = MA + HA ⋅ h −
2
ph2 kh ( k + 6 ) + kf (15h + 16f ) + 6f
2 2
2k + 1
ME = − + 6
24
2
(
( kh + f ) + 4k f 2 + fh + h2 ) 3k + 1
HA HE
En AB
MA ME
py 2 VA VE
My = MA + HA ⋅ y −
2
Formulario para vigas y pórticos
3.14.4 CARGA REPARTIDA HORIZONTAL SOBRE DINTEL
REACCIONES
p
3 pf 4k ( f + h) + f C
VA = VE =
8 l 3k + 1 s
f
HA = pf − HE I 2
I 2
D
pf 2k h ( k + 4 ) + f (10kh + 5kf + f )
2 B
HE =
(
4 ( kh + f )2 + 4k f 2 + fh + h2 ) I 1
y
I 1 h
MOMENTOS FLECTORES A E
kh ( 9f + 4h) + f ( 6h + f )
pf 3 4h ( 3k + 2 ) + f l
MA = − f +
(
24 ( kh + f )2 + 4k f 2 + fh + h2 ) 2 3k + 1
MC
MB = MA + HA ⋅ h
l
MC = ME − HE ( h + f ) + VE
2
MD = ME − HE ⋅ h MB MD
kh ( 9f + 4h) + f ( 6h + f )
pf 3 4h ( 3k + 2 ) + f
ME = −f +
(
24 ( kh + f )2 + 4k f 2 + fh + h2 2) 3k + 1
En BC HA HE
l ( y − h) p ( y − h)
2
MA ME
My = MA + HA ⋅ y − VA − VA VE
2f 2
3.49
3.50
3.14.5 CARGA PUNTUAL VERTICAL SOBRE DINTEL
REACCIONES p
VA = P − VE C
Pm 3l ( kl + m) − 2m
2
VE = 3 s
l 3k + 1 f
Pm 3kl ( f + h) − 4fm ( k + 1) + 3lm ( f − kh)
2 2 I 2 I 2
HA = HE = 2 B D
l 2
(
( kh + f ) + 4k f 2 + fh + h2 ) m n
I I h
MOMENTOS FLECTORES 1 1
A E
3flh ( kl + 2m) − 4fm2 ( kh + 2 h + f ) + 2kh2 ln+ f 2 l ( 4m − l )
Pm
MA = 2
( (
kh + f ) + 4k f 2 + fh + h2
2
)
l
2l n n − m
( )
−
3k + 1
MC
MB = MA − HA ⋅ h