2 Generación de potencia en sistemas

oleoneumáticos.
 Contenido
2.1 Generación y tratamiento de aire comprimido
2.2 Compresores
2.3 Secadores
2.4 Acumuladores
2.5 Unidades de servicio
2.6 Redes de aire comprimido
2.7 Generación y transmisión de potencia en sistemas oleohidráulicos.
2.8 Bombas oleohidráulicas
2.9 Depósitos, Filtros e intercambiadores
2.10 Conducción de fluidos oleohidráulicos
2.11 Fluidos hidráulicos.
Práctica: Accionamiento de un cilindro de simple efecto mediante válvula.
2.1 Generación
2.2 Compresores
 2.3 Secadores

Secado por:
●
Enfriamiento.
●
Absorción
●
Adsorción
Enfriamiento
Absorción
Adsorción
2.4 Acumuladores
2.5 Unidades de servicio
FRL
Filtro condensado

B affle

Filter

Condensate

Filter bowl

Drain screw
Regulador liberado
Regulador no liberado
Lubricador
Viaduct
Drip chamber

Duct Valve
restriction

Check valve
Ball seat

Riser

Oil
2.6 Redes de aire comprimido

Abierto
Cerrado
Abierto
2.7 Generación y transmisión
2.8 Bombas oleohidráulicas
 S3

Esquema de potencia
A
S3 P

P T

Pressure line

Return line

Waste oil line

 Hydraulic pumps

Gear pump Rotary vane pump Piston pump

External gear pump Internally pressurized Radial piston pump

Internal gear pump Externally pressurized Axial piston pump

Annular gear pump

Screw pump

Constant pump Constant, adjustable and variable capacity pumps

Types of design Speed range Displacement Nominal Total
r.p.m. volume pressure efficiency
3
(cm ) (bar)
T

Gear pump, 500 – 3500 1.2 – 250 63 – 160 0.8 – 0.91

externally toothed

Gear pump, 500 – 3500 4 – 250 160 – 250 0.8 – 0.91

internally toothed

Screw pump 500 – 4000 4 – 630 25 – 160 0.7 – 0.84

Rotary vane pump 960 – 3000 5 – 160 100 – 160 0.8 – 0.93

Axial piston pump ……. – 3000 100 200 0.8 – 0.92

750 – 3000 25 – 800 160 – 250 0.82 – 0.92
750 – 3000 25 – 800 160 – 320 0.8 – 0.92

Radial piston pump 960 – 3000 5 – 160 160 – 320 0.90

2.9 Depósitos, Filtros
Filtros: Generación de residuos
HIGH PRESSURE
Detail Z

Valve seat Dirt particles

Piston clearance

LOW PRESSURE
Capas de Filtros
Deep-bed filter Surface filter
Ubicación de los filtros Filtering of the main flow By-pass flow filtering

Return flow filter Pump inlet filter Pressure line filter

Circuit diagram

M M M
M

Advantages economical protects pump from smaller pore size smaller filter possible as an
simple maintenance contamination possible for valves additional filter
sensitive to dirt

Disadvantages contamination can only difficult access, expensive lower dirt-filtering capacity
be checked having inlet problems with
passed through the fine pored filters.
hydraulic components Result: cavitation

Remarks frequently used can also be used requires a pressure-tight only part of the delivery is filtered
ahead of the pump housing and
as a coarse filter contamination indicator
 2.10 Conducción de fluidos

1 Tubo interior
2 Malla
3 Capa superior
 Correcto e incorrecto
incorrect incorrect

incorrect

correct

correct correct
 2.11 Fluidos hidráulicos.
Designation Special characteristics Areas of application

HL Increased corrosion Systems in which high thermal

protection and ageing demands are made or corrosion
stability through immersion in water is possible.

HLP Increased wearing protection Like HL oil, also for use in systems
where variable high friction occurs
owing to design or operating factors.

HV Improved Like HLP oil, for use in widely

viscosity-temperature fluctuating and low ambient
characteristics temperatures.
 Advantages Disadvantages

Greater density Difficult intake conditions for

pumps.

Ventajas Low compressibility

Unfavourable air venting

Hydraulic oil less fluid Higher pressure peaks possible.

Increase dwell time in reservoir by

&
properties using larger reservoirs.

Limited operating 50 ° C may not be exceeded as

temperatures otherwise too much water

Desventajas Favourable viscosity In the case of HFC liquids, the

vaporises.

In the case of HFD liquids, the

temperature characteristics viscosity changes less sharply viscosity changes with
in case of temperature temperature fluctuations.
fluctuations.

Wearing properties HFD liquids erode conventional

bunan seals, accumulator
diaphragms and hoses.

Price Characteristics of HFD liquids HFD liquids are more expensive

correspond to those of than hydraulic oils.
hydraulic oil when
appropriate cooling and
heating equipment is in use.
 Práctica:

Práctica: Accionamiento de un cilindro de simple

efecto mediante válvula.