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A 22-year-old female school teacher was brought to the emergency room after a 2-day
history of headache and fever. On the day of admission the patient had failed to come to
school and could not be reached by telephone. When notified of this fact, the patient’s
mother went to her daughter’s apartment, where she found her daughter in bed, confused
and highly agitated. The patient was rushed to the local hospital, where she was comatose
on arrival. Purpuric skin lesions were present on her trunk and arms. Analysis of her CSF
revealed the presence of 380 cells/mm3 (93% polymorphonuclear leukocytes), a protein
concentration of 220 mg/dl, and a glucose concentration of 32 mg/dl. Gram staining of CSF
showed many gram-negative diplococci, and the same organisms were isolated from blood
and CSF. The patient died despite prompt initiation of therapy with penicillin.
1. What is the most likely organism responsible for this fulminant disease? What
is the most likely source of this organism?
4. What virulence factors have been associated with other bacterial species in this
genus?
- Crecen de manera optima en ambientes de 37º C e atmosferas humedas.
- Son oxidasa y catalasa positivos; acido producido por oxidacion de la
glucosa y la maltosa
- Los antigenos de la superficie externa incluyen a la capsula de plisacaridos,
los pili y los lipopolisacaridos.
- Capsula que protege de la fagocitosis
- Receptores especificos para los pili meningococicos de tipo IV, los cuales
permiten la colonizacion de la nasofaringe y la replicacion; la modificacion
postraduccional de los pili favorece la penetracion en la celula del huesped y
su posterior diseminacion.
- Pueden sobrevivir a muerte en ausencia de inmunidad humoral.
- Su endotoxina, es quien media la mayor parte de las manifestaciones clinicas
Aparecen en casi
Se identificaron alrededor de 40
todos los - Transmision de persona a
serogrupos, incluyendo en algunos persona por contacto de
individios, principalmente en serogrupos varios serotipos con las secreciones del tracto
humanos conolizando reactividad inmunológica cruzada, respiratorio.
el más característico es 6A/6B - La enfermedad ocurre en
principalmente las mucosas todo el mundo
respiratorias. fundamentalmente en
ambientes secos y frios
La enfermedad producida por este -
patogeno se encuentra
principalmente en pacientes
pediatricos, las cuales se
haerradicado mediante vacunas.
2. Compare the biology of the H. influenzae strain that is likely to be the cause of
this patient’s disease with that of the strains that historically caused pediatric
diseases (before vaccination).
3. What other diseases does this organism cause? What other Haemophilus
species cause disease, and what are the diseases?
https://guia-abe.es/temas-clinicos-meningitis-bacteriana-(profilaxis-de-contactos)
http://www.bvs.hn/RHP/pdf/1999/pdf/Vol20-3-1999-8.pdf