BALANCES DE MATERIA Y ENERGÍA PARA UN CAUDAL DE 6 m3/h

1. Balance global y componentes

kg kg
F=6∗1200 =7200
m 3
h

X f F =X 2 L2
X f F 0.11∗(7200 kg /h)
L2 = = =1257.14 kg/h
X2 0.63

F=L2 +(V T )
kg
7200 =1257.14 kg /h+( V T )
h
V T =7200 kg /h−1257.14 kg /h=5942.86 kg/h

V 1 +V 2=5942.86 kg /h
V 1=V 2 =2971.43 kg/h

F=L1+ V 1
L1=F−V 1=7200 kg /h−2971.43 kg/h=4228.57 kg /h

X f F =X 1 L1

X f F 0.11( 7200 kg/h)

X1= = =0.187
L1 4228.57 kg /h

X 1 L1 0.187(4228. 57 kg /h)
X2= = =0.63
L2 1257.14 kg /h

2. Cálculo de las temperaturas

∑ ∆ T =T s −T 2=120 ° C−70° C=50 ° C

1
C∗
1 W
1000
U1 m2 K
∆ T 1=∑ ∆T =50° =22.22° C
1 1 1 1
+ +
U1 U2 W W
1000 800
m2 K m2 K
 1
C∗
1 W
800
U2 m2 K
∆ T 2=∑ ∆T =50° =27.28 ° C
1 1 1 1
+ +
U1 U2 W W
1000 2 800 2
m K m K

T 1=T s−∆T 1=120 ° C−22.22 ° C=97.78° C

T 2=T 1 −∆ T 2=97.78 ° C−27.78 ° C=70° C

3. Calculo de las entalpias

 Para la alimentación
kj kj
h f =Cp f ( T f −T r ) =3.318 ∗( 20° C−0 ° C )=76.36
kgK kg

 En la corriente L1
kj kj
h L =C p ( T 1−T r )=2.076 ∗( 97.78° C−0 ° C )=202.99
1
kgK kg

 En la corriente L2
kj kj
h L =Cp ( T 2−T r ) =2.076 ∗( 70° C−0 °C )=145.32
2
kgK kg

 En el vapor vivo, S
kj kj kj
λ=H g −H f =2706 −503.81 =2202.19
kg kg kg

 Vapor salido del Efecto 1 (97.78°C)

kj kj kj
H V =hg −hf =2672.048 −409.81 =2262.238
1
kg kg kg

 Vapor salido del Efecto 2 (70 °C)

kj kj kj
H V =hg −hf =2626.1 −293.07 =2333.03
2
kg kg kg

4. Balance de Energía Forma 1

 Primer efecto
F h f + Sλ=V 1 H v + L1 h L
1 1

 Segundo efecto
V 1 H v + L1 h L =V 2 H v + L2 h L
1 1 2 2
V 1 H v + L1 h L =V 2 H v + L2 h L
1 1 2 2

( F−L1 ) H v + L1 h L =( L1−L2 ) H v + L2 h L
1 1 2 2

( 2262.238 ) ( 7200−L1 ) + ( 202.99 ) L1=( 2333.03 ) ( L1−1257.14 ) + ( 145.32 )( 1257.14 )

kg
L1=4334.52
h

F h f + Sλ=( F−L1 ) H v + L1 h L
1 1

( 7200 ) ( 76.36 ) + ( 2202.19 ) S=( 7200−4334.52 )( 2262.238 )+ ( 4334.52 )( 202.99 )

kg
S=3093.49
h
kg kg kg
V 1=F−L1=7200 −4334.52 =2865.48
h h h
kg kg kg
V 2=L1−L2 =4334.52 −1257.14 =3077.38
h h h

5. Cálculo de los calores

kg kj 1h 1000 J
(
q 1=Sλ= 3093.49
h)(
2202.19
kg )( 3600 s 1 KJ )
)( =1892347.984W

kg kj 1h 1000 J
(
q 2=V 1 H V = 2865.48
1
h)(
2262.238
kg )( 3600 s 1 KJ )
)( =1800666.04 W

6. Eficiencias

kg kg
2865.48 +3077.38
h h
E= =1.92
kg
3093.49
h