BALANCES DE MATERIA Y ENERGÍA PARA UN CAUDAL DE 5 m3/h

1. Balance global y componentes

kg kg
F=5 m 3∗1200 =6000
h h

X f F =X 2 L2
X f F 0.11∗(6000 kg /h)
L2 = = =1047. 61 kg/h
X2 0.63

F=L2 +(V T )
kg
6000 =1047,61 kg /h+(V T )
h
V T =6000 kg /h−1047,61 kg /h=4952.39 kg /h

V 1 +V 2=4952.39 kg/h
V 1=V 2 =2476.19 kg/h

F=L1+ V 1
L1=F−V 1=6000 kg/h−2476.19 kg/ h=3523.81 kg /h

X f F =X 1 L1

X f F 0.11( 6000 kg/h)

X1= = =0.18
L1 3523. 81 kg /h

X 1 L1 0.18(3523.81 kg/ h)
X2= = =0,60
L2 1047. 61 kg/h

2. Cálculo de las temperaturas

∑ ∆ T =T s −T 2=120 ° C−70° C=50 ° C

1
C∗
1 W
1000
U1 m2 K
∆ T 1=∑ ∆T =50° =22.22° C
1 1 1 1
+ +
U1 U2 W W
1000 2 800
m K m2 K
 1
C∗
1 W
800
U2 m2 K
∆ T 2=∑ ∆T =50° =27.28 ° C
1 1 1 1
+ +
U1 U2 W W
1000 2 800 2
m K m K

T 1=T s−∆T 1=120 ° C−22.22 ° C=97.78° C

T 2=T 1 −∆ T 2=97.78 ° C−27.78 ° C=70° C

3. Calculo de las entalpias

 Para la alimentación
kj kj
h f =Cp f ( T f −T r ) =3.318 ∗( 20° C−0 ° C )=76.36
kgK kg

 En la corriente L1
kj kj
h L =C p ( T 1−T r )=2.076 ∗( 97.78° C−0 ° C )=202.99
1
kgK kg

 En la corriente L2
kj kj
h L =Cp ( T 2−T r ) =2.076 ∗( 70° C−0 °C )=145.32
2
kgK kg

 En el vapor vivo, S
kj kj kj
λ=H g −H f =2706 −503.81 =2202.19
kg kg kg

 Vapor salido del Efecto 1 (97.78°C)

kj kj kj
H V =hg −hf =2672.048 −409.81 =2262.238
1
kg kg kg

 Vapor salido del Efecto 2 (70 °C)

kj kj kj
H V =hg −hf =2626.1 −293.07 =2333.03
2
kg kg kg

4. Balance de Energía Forma 1

 Primer efecto
F h f + Sλ=V 1 H v + L1 h L
1 1

 Segundo efecto
V 1 H v + L1 h L =V 2 H v + L2 h L
1 1 2 2
V 1 H v + L1 h L =V 2 H v + L2 h L
1 1 2 2

( F−L1 ) H v + L1 h L =( L1−L2 ) H v + L2 h L
1 1 2 2

( 2262.238 ) ( 6000−L1 ) + ( 202.99 ) L1=( 2333.03 ) ( L1−1047. 61 ) + ( 145.32 )( 1047.61 )

kg
L1=3612.088
h

F h f + Sλ=( F−L1 ) H v + L1 h L
1 1

( 6000 ) ( 76.36 ) + ( 2202.19 ) S=( 6000−3605.155 ) ( 2262.238 ) + ( 360 5.155 ) ( 202.99 )

kg
S=2584,40
h
kg kg kg
V 1=F−L1=6000 −3612.088 =2387.912
h h h
kg kg kg
V 2=L1−L2 =3612.088 −1047,61 =2564. 478
h h h

5. Cálculo de los calores

kg kj 1h 1000 J
(
q 1=Sλ= 2584,40
h)(
2202.19
kg )( 3600 s 1 KJ )
)( =1580927.732 W

kg kj 1h 1000 J
(
q 2=V 1 H V = 2387.912
1
h)(
2262.238
kg )( 3600 s 1 KJ )
)( =1500656.764 W

6. Eficiencias

kg kg
2387.912 + 2564.478
h h
E= =1.91
kg
2584. 40
h