Ecuaciónes de Balance de Materia y Energía.

1.- Balance de Materia y Energía en el Calentador Abierto

B.E. 𝐻_𝑖𝑛𝐴+𝐻_𝑖𝑛𝐵=𝐻_𝑜𝑢𝑡
B. M. 𝑚_(𝑜𝑢𝑡= ) 𝑚_𝑖𝑛𝐴+
〖𝑚𝑚_𝑖𝑛𝐵
B.M&E _𝐴 ℎ 〗 _𝐴+ 〖𝑚 _𝐵
ℎ 〗 _𝐵=𝑚_𝑜𝑢𝑡 ℎ_𝑜𝑢𝑡
𝑚_𝐴=(𝑚_𝑜𝑢𝑡 〖 [ℎ 〗
_𝑜𝑢𝑡−ℎ_𝐵])/[ 〖 [ℎ 〗
_𝐴−ℎ_𝐵 ]
3.-Balance de Materia y Energía en la Turbina

𝐻_𝑖𝑛
B.E − 𝐻_(𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝐴)− 𝐻_(𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝐵) =𝑊_𝑇𝑈𝑅𝐵𝐼𝑁𝐴

𝑚_(𝑖𝑛=
B.M ) 𝑚_𝐴+ 𝑚_𝐵
𝑚_𝑖𝑛.ℎ_𝑖𝑛
B.M&E − 𝑚_𝐴.ℎ_𝐴− 𝑚_𝐵.ℎ_𝐵 = 𝑊_𝑇𝑈𝑅𝐵

Para𝑒_𝑇 " = "irreversible

una turbina 𝑊𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙/𝑊𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑎𝑙 " =" ( 〖 [ℎ 〗 _𝑖𝑛− ℎ_(𝑅𝐵]))/([ℎ_𝑖𝑛− ℎ_𝑖𝐵])

ℎ_𝑅𝐵= ℎ_𝑖𝑛 〖−𝑒〗 _𝑇 . (ℎ_𝑖𝑛− ℎ_𝑖𝐵 )

ℎ_𝑅𝐴= ℎ_𝑖𝑛 〖−𝑒〗 _𝑇 . (ℎ_𝑖𝑛− ℎ_𝑖𝐴 )

Dispositivo Bomba TAP TPB

Eficiencias 0.75 0.85 0.95
0.9

600 kPa e=
Temp (°C) 600
flux (kg/s) 1 10 Mpa P (Mpa)= 10
600 °C

4301.5 kW e= 0.85
4180.7 kW 804.9 kW 1079.7
 684.2 kW 1025.7

13.3 kW
P(Mpa)= 10 13.3 kW
P (kPa)=

e= 0.75
Punto Presión Temperatura Entalpía Entropía Estado
Dispositivo
kPa. °C kJ/kg kJ/kg.K
1 10 kPa 45.8 191.80 0.649 Lsat
Bomba
2 10 MPa 46.122 201.81 0.649 LC
2R 10 MPa 46.122 205.15 0.691 LC
Caldero
3 10 MPa 600 3625.80 6.9045 VSC
4 600 kPa 186.57 2820.90 6.9045 VSC Turbina TAP
4R 2941.64 7.1525 VSC Turbina TBP
5 600 kPa 600 3701.70 8.2649 VSC
Condens.
6 10 kPa 65.68 2622.00 8.2649 VSC
6R 2675.99 8.4179 VSC Eficiencia

Bomba 1 Bomba 2 TAP TBP m 3,4,5,6,7 masa 8

0.75 0.75 0.9 0.9 10.00 #VALUE!

#VALUE! kW
#VALUE! kW 3484.0 kW
34420.4 kW #VALUE!
10.00 kg/s #VALUE!

kW
kW

#VALUE!
#VALUE!
 17.40 kW
6070.4 kW

Presión Temperatura masa Entalpía Entropía

Punto Estado
bar. °C kg/s kJ/kg kJ/kg.K
1 0.3 69.1 9.00 289.23 0.944 Lsat
2 4 74.5 9.00 289.63 0.944 LC
2R 4 9.01 289.8 0.945
3 4 143.61 10.00 604.72 1.7766 Lsat
4 20 143.78 10.00 606.46 1.7766 LC
4R 20 143.91 10.00 607.0 1.7779
5 20 640 10.00 3781.1 7.8054 VSC
6 8 477.5 10.00 3432.7 7.8054 VSC
6R 8 493.7 10.00 3467.54 7.8513
7 8 600 10.00 3700.1 8.1353 VSC
8 4 479.38 1.00 3441.4 8.1353 VSC
8R 4 347.9 0.99 3467.27 8.1694
9 0.3 71.33 9.00 2763.1 8.1353 VSC
9R 0.3 9.01 2856.8 8.2927

Bomba 1 Bomba 2 Turbina m 3,4,5,6

1 0.85 0.88 11000.00

5323.8 Btu/hr
3.05555556 0.44

3.92 Btu/hr

Punto T °C P (psia) masa(lbm/s) h(Btu/lb) s(Btu/lb.R) Estado

1 115.64 1.5 2.38 83.65 0.157 Lsat
2 115.6 70 2.38 83.78 0.157 LC
3 302.9 70 3.06 272.76 0.441 Lsat
4 303.3 350 3.06 273.67 0.441 LC
4i 310.16 350 3.06 273.53 0.441 LC
5 399.38 350 3.06 374.54 0.566 LC
6 1150 350 3.06 1606 1.832 VSC
7 862.6 140 0.26 1460 1.832 VSC
8 672.3 70 0.41 1367.3 1.832 VSC
9 121.87 1.5 2.38 1114.256 1.9485 VSC
9i 115.64 1.5 1047.2 1.832 VSC
10 302.9 140 0.26 272.76 0.441 VSC
11 302.9 70 0.26 272.76 0.441 Lsat.
 ℎ_(𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑅=) [(ℎ_(𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑖)− ℎ_(𝑖𝑛 𝑖))/𝑒]
ℎ_(𝑖𝑛 𝑖)= 𝑤_𝑏
Punto T °C P (bar) masa(kg/s) h(kJ/kg) s(kJ/kg.K)
1 69.1 0.3 22.31 289.23 0.944
2 69.1 4 22.31 289.61 0.944
2R 69.1 4 22.3276 289.74 0.944
3 143.61 4 24.78 604.72 1.7766
4 143.8 20 24.78 606.46 1.7766
4R 143.9 20 24.78 607.04 1.778
5 640 20 24.78 3781.10 7.8054
6 477.43 8 24.78 3432.70 7.8054
6R 493.69 8 24.78 3467.54 7.8513
7 600 8 24.78 3700.10 8.1353
8 479.38 4 2.48 3441.40 8.1353
8R 491.46 4 2.46 3467.27 8.1693
9 140.41 0.3 22.31 2763.10 8.1353
9R 188.77 0.3 22.33 2856.80 8.3495

salida salida
flujo másico in Pot. Ideal Pot. Real
ideal real
10 3196.6 2517.9 2706.2 6787 4904
 2.-Balance de Materia y Energía en una Bomba

B.E. 𝐻_𝑜𝑢𝑡
− 𝐻_𝑖𝑛=𝑤_𝑏
𝑚_(𝑖𝑛= ) 𝑚_𝑜𝑢𝑡
B. M.
B.M&E𝑚_𝑜𝑢𝑡.ℎ_𝑜𝑢𝑡−𝑚_𝑖𝑛.ℎ_𝑜𝑢𝑡=𝑤_𝑏
𝑒_𝑏 = 𝑊𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑎𝑙/𝑤𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙
Para una bomba irreversible:
=( 〖 [ℎ 〗 _(𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑖)− ℎ_(𝑖𝑛
𝑖]))/([ℎ_(𝑜𝑢𝑡
ℎ_(𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑅=) [(ℎ_(𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑅)− ℎ_(𝑖𝑛
𝑖)− ℎ_(𝑖𝑛 𝑖))/𝑒]+ 𝑖)])
ℎ_(𝑖𝑛 𝑖)= 𝑤_𝑏
5.- Balance de Materia y Energía en el Caldero
𝑡 𝐵) =𝑊_𝑇𝑈𝑅𝐵𝐼𝑁𝐴 B.E 𝐻_𝑜𝑢𝑡 − 𝐻_𝑜𝑢𝑡=𝑄_𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑜

B.M 𝑚_(𝑖𝑛= )
𝑚_𝑜𝑢𝑡
𝑚_𝐵.ℎ_𝐵 = 𝑊_𝑇𝑈𝑅𝐵𝐼𝑁𝐴 B.M&E𝑚_𝑜𝑢𝑡. ℎ_𝑜𝑢𝑡− 𝑚_𝑖𝑛.ℎ_𝑖𝑛= 𝑄_𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑜

]))/([ℎ_𝑖𝑛− ℎ_𝑖𝐵]) 6.- Balance de Materia y Energía en el Condensador

B.E 𝐻_7 − 𝐻_1=𝑄_𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑎𝑑𝑜𝑟

B.M 𝑚_(7= ) 𝑚_1

B.M&E 𝑚_7.ℎ_7 − 𝑚_1.ℎ_1= 𝑄_𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑

REAL
IDEAL

0.95
1709.9 kW
1884.6 kW

1696.5 kW
1871.3 kW
kW
kW
10 kPa

2430.2 kW
2484.2 kW

10

kW

13.35

4180.72
684.17
1025.72
2484.19
0.41
0.00

#VALUE!
#VALUE!

kW
kW

#VALUE! kW
#VALUE! kW
Entalpía Entropía
kJ/kg kJ/kg.K

Bomba 1 4.80

Bomba 2 23.20

Caldero 34066.20

Turbina 3135.60

Turbina 7827.90

Condens. 23130.71
prueba: 0.00
Eficiencia 0.32

1851.5 Btu/hr.
1847 Btu/hr.

2195.65 kJ/kg

3476.6 Btu/hr

5323.8 HP
Btu/hr
1847.2 HP
0.35 eficiencia
3.83 kJ/kg

3476.6 HP

Dispositivo HP(Btu/s) Punto T °C P (kPa)

1 250.4 4000
Bomba 1 0.44
2 285.8 7000
Bomba 2 2i 251.2 7000
3.92
3 500.0 7000
4 125.8 4000
Caldero 4i 362.8 4000
5323.8
5 100.0 101.3
Turbina 5i 100.0 101.3
1851.5
6 100.0 101.3
Condens. 7 100.5 4000
3476.6
7i 100.2 4000
pruebaL: 0.00
Eficiencia 0.35

ℎ_𝑅𝐴= ℎ_𝑖𝑛 〖−𝑒〗 _𝑇 .

(ℎ_𝑖𝑛− ℎ_𝑖𝐴 )

𝑚_𝐴=(𝑚_𝑜𝑢𝑡 〖 [ℎ 〗
_𝑜𝑢𝑡−ℎ_𝐵])/[ 〖 [ℎ 〗
_𝐴−ℎ_𝐵 ]
 𝑚_𝐴=(𝑚_𝑜𝑢𝑡 〖 [ℎ 〗
_𝑜𝑢𝑡−ℎ_𝐵])/[ 〖 [ℎ 〗
_𝐴−ℎ_𝐵 ]

𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑖)− ℎ_(𝑖𝑛 𝑖))/𝑒]+

Estado Dispositivo kW
Lsat.
BOMBA 1 11.31267
LC

BOMBA 2 57.5
Lsat.
LC
CALDERO 84431.31

VSC
TURBINA AP 7771.422
VSC

TURBINA BP 19400.93
VSC
VSC
CONDENSADOR 57327.78

VSC 0
eficiencia= 0.32

Eficiencia

0.72
𝐻_𝑖𝑛=𝑤_𝑏

𝑢𝑡−𝑚_𝑖𝑛.ℎ_𝑜𝑢𝑡=𝑤_𝑏
𝑤𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙
𝑢𝑡 𝑖)− ℎ_(𝑖𝑛
)− ℎ_(𝑖𝑛
/𝑒]+ 𝑖)])
ℎ_(𝑖𝑛 𝑖)= 𝑤_𝑏

𝑢𝑡=𝑄_𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑜

𝑚_𝑖𝑛.ℎ_𝑖𝑛= 𝑄_𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑜

𝑄_𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑎𝑑𝑜𝑟

1.ℎ_1= 𝑄_𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑
 2195.7

565.30 kJ/kg 565.3

0.25

1638.9
 1638.93 kJ/kg

4.75 kJ/kg

masa h(kJ/kg) s(kJ/kg.K) v(m3/kg) x Estado DISPOSITIV Kj/kg

1 1087.40 2.7967 0.00125 0 Lsat.
BOMBA 1 4.75
1 1092.15 2.7985 LC
1091.20 2.7967 LC
CALDERO 2195.65
1 3287.80 6.6346 VSC
0.243 3157.56 6.6853 VSC
TURBINA 565.3
3125.00 6.6346 VSC
0.757 2583.08 7.1067 0.959 LV
CONDENS. 1638.93
2406.90 6.6346 0.881 LV
0.757 418.96 1.3066 0.00104 0 Lsat.
BOMBA 2 3.83
0.757 424.02 1.3093 LC
423.01 1.3066 LC Eficiencia 0.25
Prueba: 0.00
kJ/kg

kJ/kg
eficiencia

kJ/kg