LOZA 1:

 Consideremos: Ancho de viga b = 25cm, aligerado de 0.17 m, acabado = 100 kgl m2,
tabiquería = 150 kg/m2, y c/c = 500 kg/m2 (ESTACIONAMIENTO)
 Para el metrado del peso propio de la viga asumiremos sección de 25 x 50.

𝑓𝑐´ = 280 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 𝑓𝑦 = 4200 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2

Solución:

METRADO DE CARGAS:

Metrado de cargas:

𝑃𝑒𝑠𝑜 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑖𝑜 𝑣𝑖𝑔𝑎 = 0.25 ∗ 0.55 ∗ 2.4 ∗ 1.4 = 0.46 𝑡/𝑚

𝐴𝑙𝑖𝑔𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑜 = 0.28 𝑡/𝑚2 ∗ (4 − 0.25) ∗ 1.4 = 1.47 𝑡/𝑚

𝐴𝑐𝑎𝑏𝑎𝑑𝑜 = 0.10 𝑡/𝑚2 ∗ 4 ∗ 1.4 = 0.56 𝑡/𝑚

𝑇𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑟í𝑎 = 0.12𝑉𝑚2 ∗ 4 ∗ 1.4 = 0.67 𝑡/𝑚

𝑆 𝑡
𝑆𝑜𝑏𝑟𝑒 𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑎 ( ) = 0.2 ∗ 4 ∗ 1.7 = 1.36 𝑡/𝑚
𝑐 𝑚2

ENTONCES:

𝒘, = 4.52 𝑡/𝑚
a) Momentos de Diseño:
1
∗ 4.52 ∗ 5.252 = 7.79 𝑡 − 𝑚
16
1
∗ 4.52 ∗ 5.502 = 15.19 𝑡 − 𝑚
9
1
∗ 4.52 ∗ 5.752 = 9.34 𝑡 − 𝑚
16
1
∗ 4.52 ∗ 5.252 = 8.90 𝑡 − 𝑚
14
1
∗ 4.52 ∗ 5.752 = 10.67 𝑡 − 𝑚
14

b)

𝜌 = 0.5 𝜌𝑏 = 0.0142

𝑓𝑦 4200
𝑤=𝜌 = 0.0142 ∗ = 0.213
𝑓𝑐´ 280

𝑀𝑢 = 𝛷 ∗ 𝑓𝑐´ ∗ 𝑏 ∗ 𝑑2 ∗ 𝑤(1 − 0.59𝑤)

10.67 ∗ 105 = 0.9 ∗ 280 ∗ 25 ∗ 𝑑2 ∗ 0.213(1 − 0.59 ∗ 0.213)

⇒ 𝑑 = 30.21 𝑐𝑚

ℎ = 30.16 + 4 + 0.95 + 1.27 = 33.24

⇒ 𝑈𝑠𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑠 0.24 ∗ 0.40 𝑚2

𝑑 = 40 − (4 + 0.95 + 1.27) = 36.43 𝑐𝑚

𝑑 𝑀𝑢
𝑎= = 6.8 ⇒ 𝐴𝑆 = ´
= 13.23 𝑐𝑚2 ⇒ 𝑎 = 9.7 𝑐𝑚
5 𝛷 ∗ 𝑓𝑐 (0.9𝑑)

⇒ 𝐴𝑆 = 13.23 𝑐𝑚2 ⇒ 𝑎 = 9.7𝑐𝑚 ⇒ 𝐴𝑆 = 13.9 𝑐𝑚2 ⇒ 𝑎 = 9.7 𝑐𝑚, 𝑒𝑠 𝑠𝑢𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒

Por consiguiente usaremos:

2 𝜙 1" + 1 𝜙 7/8 "

LOZA 2:

 Consideremos: Ancho de viga b = 25cm, aligerado de 0.17 m, acabado = 100 kgl m2,
tabiquería = 150 kg/m2, y c/c = 500 kg/m2 (ESTACIONAMIENTO)
 Para el metrado del peso propio de la viga asumiremos sección de 25 x 50.

𝑓𝑐´ = 210 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 𝑓𝑦 = 3500 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2

Solución:

METRADO DE CARGAS:

Metrado de cargas:

𝑃𝑒𝑠𝑜 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑖𝑜 𝑣𝑖𝑔𝑎 = 0.25 ∗ 0.55 ∗ 2.4 ∗ 1.4 = 0.46 𝑡/𝑚

𝐴𝑙𝑖𝑔𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑜 = 0.28 𝑡/𝑚2 ∗ (4 − 0.25) ∗ 1.4 = 1.47 𝑡/𝑚

𝐴𝑐𝑎𝑏𝑎𝑑𝑜 = 0.10 𝑡/𝑚2 ∗ 4 ∗ 1.4 = 0.56 𝑡/𝑚

𝑇𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑟í𝑎 = 0.12𝑉𝑚2 ∗ 4 ∗ 1.4 = 0.67 𝑡/𝑚

𝑆 𝑡
𝑆𝑜𝑏𝑟𝑒 𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑎 ( ) = 0.2 ∗ 4 ∗ 1.7 = 1.36 𝑡/𝑚
𝑐 𝑚2

ENTONCES:

𝒘, = 4.52 𝑡/𝑚
c) Momentos de Diseño:
1
∗ 4.52 ∗ 5.252 = 7.79 𝑡 − 𝑚
16
1
∗ 4.52 ∗ 5.502 = 15.19 𝑡 − 𝑚
9
1
∗ 4.52 ∗ 5.752 = 9.34 𝑡 − 𝑚
16
1
∗ 4.52 ∗ 5.252 = 8.90 𝑡 − 𝑚
14
1
∗ 4.52 ∗ 5.752 = 10.67 𝑡 − 𝑚
14

d)

𝜌 = 0.5 𝜌𝑏 = 0.0142

𝑓𝑦 4200
𝑤=𝜌 = 0.0142 ∗ = 0.213
𝑓𝑐´ 280

𝑀𝑢 = 𝛷 ∗ 𝑓𝑐´ ∗ 𝑏 ∗ 𝑑2 ∗ 𝑤(1 − 0.59𝑤)

10.67 ∗ 105 = 0.9 ∗ 280 ∗ 25 ∗ 𝑑2 ∗ 0.213(1 − 0.59 ∗ 0.213)

⇒ 𝑑 = 34.88 𝑐𝑚

ℎ = 34.88 + 4 + 0.95 + 1.27 = 41.10

⇒ 𝑈𝑠𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑠 0.24 ∗ 0.40 𝑚2

𝑑 = 40 − (4 + 0.95 + 1.27) = 34.88 𝑐𝑚

𝑑 𝑀𝑢
𝑎= = 6.8 ⇒ 𝐴𝑆 = = 13.2 𝑐𝑚2 ⇒ 𝑎 = 9.3 𝑐𝑚
5 𝛷 ∗ 𝑓𝑐´ (0.9𝑑)

𝑒𝑠 𝑠𝑢𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒

Por consiguiente usaremos:

2 𝜙 1" + 1 𝜙 7/8"
LOZA 3:

 Consideremos: Ancho de viga b = 25cm, aligerado de 0.17 m, acabado = 100 kgl m2,
tabiquería = 150 kg/m2, y c/c = 500 kg/m2 (ESTACIONAMIENTO)
 Para el metrado del peso propio de la viga asumiremos sección de 25 x 50.

𝑓𝑐´ = 350 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2 𝑓𝑦 = 4200 𝑘𝑔/𝑐𝑚2

Solución:

METRADO DE CARGAS:

Metrado de cargas:

𝑃𝑒𝑠𝑜 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑖𝑜 𝑣𝑖𝑔𝑎 = 0.25 ∗ 0.55 ∗ 2.4 ∗ 1.4 = 0.46 𝑡/𝑚

𝐴𝑙𝑖𝑔𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑜 = 0.28 𝑡/𝑚2 ∗ (4 − 0.25) ∗ 1.4 = 1.47 𝑡/𝑚

𝐴𝑐𝑎𝑏𝑎𝑑𝑜 = 0.10 𝑡/𝑚2 ∗ 4 ∗ 1.4 = 0.56 𝑡/𝑚

𝑇𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑟í𝑎 = 0.12𝑉𝑚2 ∗ 4 ∗ 1.4 = 0.67 𝑡/𝑚

𝑆 𝑡
𝑆𝑜𝑏𝑟𝑒 𝑐𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑎 ( ) = 0.2 ∗ 4 ∗ 1.7 = 1.36 𝑡/𝑚
𝑐 𝑚2

ENTONCES:

𝒘, = 4.52 𝑡/𝑚
e) Momentos de Diseño:
1
∗ 4.52 ∗ 5.252 = 7.79 𝑡 − 𝑚
16
1
∗ 4.52 ∗ 5.502 = 15.19 𝑡 − 𝑚
9
1
∗ 4.52 ∗ 5.752 = 9.34 𝑡 − 𝑚
16
1
∗ 4.52 ∗ 5.252 = 8.90 𝑡 − 𝑚
14
1
∗ 4.52 ∗ 5.752 = 10.67 𝑡 − 𝑚
14

f)

𝜌 = 0.5 𝜌𝑏 = 0.0142

𝑓𝑦 4200
𝑤=𝜌 = 0.0142 ∗ = 0.213
𝑓𝑐´ 280

𝑀𝑢 = 𝛷 ∗ 𝑓𝑐´ ∗ 𝑏 ∗ 𝑑2 ∗ 𝑤(1 − 0.59𝑤)

10.67 ∗ 105 = 0.9 ∗ 280 ∗ 25 ∗ 𝑑2 ∗ 0.213(1 − 0.59 ∗ 0.213)

⇒ 𝑑 = 27.02 𝑐𝑚

ℎ = 30.16 + 4 + 0.95 + 1.27 = 33.24

⇒ 𝑈𝑠𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑠 0.24 ∗ 0.40 𝑚2

𝑑 = 40 − (4 + 0.95 + 1.27) = 27.02 𝑐𝑚

𝑑 𝑀𝑢
𝑎= = 6.8 ⇒ 𝐴𝑆 = = 16.54 𝑐𝑚2 ⇒ 𝑎 = 11.7 𝑐𝑚
5 𝛷 ∗ 𝑓𝑐´ (0.9𝑑)

⇒ 𝐴𝑆 = 13.8 𝑐𝑚2 ⇒ 𝑎 = 9.7𝑐𝑚 ⇒ 𝐴𝑆 = 13.9 𝑐𝑚2 ⇒ 𝑎 = 11.7 𝑐𝑚, 𝑒𝑠 𝑠𝑢𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒

Por consiguiente usaremos:

2 𝜙 1" + 4 𝜙 1/2"
DISEÑO DE LOSA L-1

- El sentido del aligerado va en el sentido indicado por las flechas, apoyando

todas las viguetas sobre las vigas principales de mayor longitud (4.7 m)
entonces cada vigueta tendría una longitud de L=3.2 m (eligiendo el lado más
corto).
- Viendo las tablas dadas por la norma podemos escoger el peralte adecuado
para nuestra losa:

En este caso tenemos que para luces menores a 4 m podemos considerar un

espesor de 17 cm

40 cm 40 cm 40 cm

5
17 cm
12

10 cm

Vista transversal

Entonces tenemos

Datos del pre dimensionamiento:

- L = 3.2 en seis tramos con seis apoyos

- Peralte = 17 cm
- Ancho de viguetas = 10 cm
- Según la norma del RNE la sobrecarga será de 200 kg/m2 para viviendas
- Peso propio = 300 kg/m2
- Espesor de la losa = 5 cm
- Acero de temperatura φ1/4@ 25 cm
 300 kg 300 kg 300 kg
680 kg/m 680 kg/m 680 kg/m 680 kg/m

0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9

2.3 m 2.3 m 2.3 m 2.3 m

3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m

A B C D E F G
1 2 3 4 5 6
SOBRECARGA 304 304 304 304 304 304 kg/m
No se podrá diseñar por el método de coeficientes ACI porque existen cargas puntuales.
Vista longitudinal de la losa:

=
PESO PROPIO 300 kg/m2 CARGA PERMANENTE
según la norma E020 del RNE para
=
CARGA VIVA 200 kg/m2 viviendas

combinación carga permanente y sobrecarga

Wu = 760 kg/m2
𝑊𝑢 𝑘𝑔
W'u = 304 kg/vig 𝑊 ′𝑢 = … ( )
0.40 𝑣𝑖𝑔
solo carga permanente
Wu = 420 kg/m2
W'u = 168 kg/vig

SE USAN 304 kg/m2 y 168 kg/m2 las cargas repartidas solo en las viguetas de 0.40m de ancho

CALCULO DE MOMENTOS DE EMPOTRAMIENTO PERFECTO

para A - B

MA = 997.559 kg - m
MB = 673.495 kg - m

para B - C
MB = 673.495 kg - m
MC = 997.559 kg - m

para C - D
MC = 259.413 kg - m
MD = 259.413 kg - m

para D - E
MD = 259.413 kg - m
ME = 259.413 kg - m

para E - F
ME = 997.559 kg - m
MF = 673.495 kg - m

para F - G
MF = 673.495 kg - m
MG = 997.559 kg - m
donde : a : longitud desde "A" a la carga puntual
b: longitud desde "B" a la carga puntual
P : carga puntual
w: carga distribuida
L : luz

𝑤𝐿2 𝑃𝑎𝑏 2 𝑤𝐿2 𝑃𝑎2 𝑏

𝑀(𝐴) = + 2 𝑀(𝐵) = + 2
12 𝐿 12 𝐿

CALCULO DE REACCIONES ISOSTATICAS

para A - B

RA = 1488.338 kg - m
RB = 1348.463 kg - m

para B - C
RB = 1348.463 kg - m
RC = 1488.338 kg - m

para C - D
RC = 486.400 kg - m
RD = 786.400 kg - m

para D - E
RD = 786.400 kg - m
RE = 486.400 kg - m

para E - F
RE = 1488.338 kg - m
RF = 1348.463 kg - m

para F - G
RF = 1348.463 kg - m
RG = 1488.338 kg - m
 donde : a : longitud desde "A" a la carga puntual
b: longitud desde "B" a la carga puntual
P : carga puntual
w: carga distribuida
L : luz

𝑤𝐿 𝑃𝑏 𝑤𝐿 𝑃𝑎
𝑅(𝐴) = + 𝑅(𝐵) = +
2 𝐿 2 𝐿

PARA HACER EL DISEÑO DE LA LOSA TENDREMOS DIFERENTES COMBINACIONES DE CARGAS

ENTRE ELLAS TENEMOS:
COMBINACION DE CARGAS 1

300 kg 300 kg 300 kg

680 kg/m 680 kg/m 680 kg/m 680 kg/m

0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9

2.3 m 2.3 m 2.3 m 2.3 m

3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m

A B C D E F G

COMBINACION DE CARGAS 2

300 kg 300 kg 300 kg

680 kg/m 680 kg/m 680 kg/m 680 kg/m

0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9

2.3 m 2.3 m 2.3 m 2.3 m

3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m

A B C D E F G

COMBINACION DE CARGAS 3

300 kg 300 kg 300 kg

680 kg/m 680 kg/m 680 kg/m 680 kg/m

0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9

2.3 m 2.3 m 2.3 m 2.3 m

3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m

A B C D E F G

COMBINACION DE CARGAS 4

300 kg 300 kg 300 kg

680 kg/m 680 kg/m 680 kg/m 680 kg/m

0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9

2.3 m 2.3 m 2.3 m 2.3 m

3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m

A B C D E F G
COMBINACION DE CARGAS 5

300 kg 300 kg 300 kg

680 kg/m 680 kg/m 680 kg/m 680 kg/m

0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9

2.3 m 2.3 m 2.3 m 2.3 m

3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m

A B C D E F G

COMBINACION DE CARGAS 6

300 kg 300 kg 300 kg

680 kg/m 680 kg/m 680 kg/m 680 kg/m

0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9

2.3 m 2.3 m 2.3 m 2.3 m

3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m

A B C D E F G

COMBINACION DE CARGAS 7

300 kg 300 kg 300 kg

680 kg/m 680 kg/m 680 kg/m 680 kg/m

0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9

2.3 m 2.3 m 2.3 m 2.3 m

3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m

A B C D E F G

COMBINACION DE CARGAS 8

300 kg 300 kg 300 kg

680 kg/m 680 kg/m 680 kg/m 680 kg/m

0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9

2.3 m 2.3 m 2.3 m 2.3 m

3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m

A B C D E F G

COMBINACION DE CARGAS 9

300 kg 300 kg 300 kg

680 kg/m 680 kg/m 680 kg/m 680 kg/m

0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9

2.3 m 2.3 m 2.3 m 2.3 m

3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m

A B C D E F G

COMBINACION DE CARGAS 10

300 kg 300 kg 300 kg

680 kg/m 680 kg/m 680 kg/m 680 kg/m

0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9

2.3 m 2.3 m 2.3 m 2.3 m

3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m

A B C D E F G
Pasamos a la tabla de Hardy Cross para la combinación de cargas 1:
300 kg 300 kg 300 kg
680 kg/m 680 kg/m 680 kg/m 680 kg/m

0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9

2.3 m 2.3 m 2.3 m 2.3 m

3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m

A B C D E F G

0.3125 0.3125 0.3125 0.3125 0.3125 0.3125

calculo de FD 1.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00

A B B C C D D E E F F G

FD 1.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00

MEP 997.559 -673.495 673.495 -997.559 259.413 -259.413 259.413 -259.413 997.559 -673.495 673.495 -997.559

-997.559 0.000 0.000 369.073 369.073 0.000 0.000 -369.073 -369.073 0.000 0.000 997.559

2 0.000 -498.780 184.537 0.000 0.000 184.537 -184.537 0.000 0.000 -184.537 498.780 0.000

0.000 157.122 157.122 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -157.122 -157.122 0.000

3 78.561 0.000 0.000 78.561 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -78.561 0.000 0.000 -78.561

-78.561 0.000 0.000 -39.280 -39.280 0.000 0.000 39.280 39.280 0.000 0.000 78.561

MON FINALES 0.00 -1027.24 1027.24 -580.14 580.14 -99.05 99.05 -580.14 580.14 -1027.24 1027.24 0.00

REACC ISOST 1488.34 1348.46 1348.46 1488.34 486.40 786.40 786.40 486.40 1488.34 1348.46 1348.46 1488.34

CORR HIP -321.01 321.01 139.72 -139.72 150.34 -150.34 -150.34 150.34 -139.72 139.72 321.01 -321.01

SUMATORIA 0 1167.33 -1669.47 1488.18 -1348.62 636.74 -636.06 636.06 -636.74 1348.62 -1488.18 1669.47 -1167.33
 TABLA DE MOMENTOS COMBINACION DE CARGAS 1:
1000
800 768.55 768.55

600
445.68 445.68
400
200
0 -70.48 -70.48
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
-200
-400
-600 -580.14 -579.05 -580.14
-800 -803.44
-803.44
-1000
Tabla de Hardy Cross para la combinación de cargas 2:
COMBINACION DE CARGAS 2

300 kg 300 kg 300 kg

680 kg/m 680 kg/m 680 kg/m 680 kg/m

0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9

2.3 m 2.3 m 2.3 m 2.3 m

3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m

A B C D E F G

calculo de k: = 1/ L
0.3125 0.3125 0.3125 0.3125 0.3125 0.3125
calculo de FD 1.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00

A BB CC DD EE FF G
FD 1.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00

MEP 997.559 -673.495 673.495 -997.559 143.360 -143.360 143.360 -143.360 997.559 -673.495 673.495 -997.559
-997.559 0.000 0.000 427.100 427.100 0.000 0.000 -427.100 -427.100 0.000 0.000 997.559
2 0.000 -498.780 213.550 0.000 0.000 213.550 -213.550 0.000 0.000 -213.550 498.780 0.000
0.000 142.615 142.615 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -142.615 -142.615 0.000
3 71.307 0.000 0.000 71.307 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -71.307 0.000 0.000 -71.307
-71.307 0.000 0.000 -35.654 -35.654 0.000 0.000 35.654 35.654 0.000 0.000 71.307
4 0.000 -35.654 -17.827 0.000 0.000 -17.827 17.827 0.000 0.000 17.827 35.654 0.000
0.000 26.740 26.740 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -26.740 -26.740 0.000
5 13.370 0.000 0.000 13.370 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -13.370 0.000 0.000 -13.370
-13.370 0.000 0.000 -6.685 -6.685 0.000 0.000 6.685 6.685 0.000 0.000 13.370

MON FINALES 0.00 -1040.63 1040.63 -526.58 526.58 48.25 -48.25 -526.58 526.58 -1040.63 1040.63 0.00
REACC ISOST 1488.34 1348.46 1348.46 1488.34 268.80 568.80 568.80 268.80 1488.34 1348.46 1348.46 1488.34
CORR HIP -325.20 325.20 160.64 -160.64 179.63 -179.63 -179.63 179.63 -160.64 160.64 325.20 -325.20
SUMATORIA 0 1163.14 -1673.66 1509.10 -1327.70 448.43 -389.17 389.17 -448.43 1327.70 -1509.10 1673.66 -1163.14

TABLA DE MOMENTOS FINALES

 1000
800 763.05 763.05

600
467.66 467.66
400
200
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 -142.45
9 10 11-142.45
12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
-200
-400 -431.75
-526.58 -526.58
-600
-800 -816.83
-816.83
-1000

COMBINACION DE CARGAS 3

300 kg 300 kg 300 kg

680 kg/m 680 kg/m 680 kg/m 680 kg/m

0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9

2.3 m 2.3 m 2.3 m 2.3 m

3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m

A B C D E F G

calculo de k: = 1/ L
0.3125 0.3125 0.3125 0.3125 0.3125 0.3125
calculo de FD 1.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00

A BB CC DD EE FF G
FD 1.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00

MEP 997.559 -673.495 673.495 -997.559 259.413 -259.413 259.413 -259.413 881.506 -557.442 557.442 -881.506
-997.559 0.000 0.000 369.073 369.073 0.000 0.000 -311.046 -311.046 0.000 0.000 881.506
2 0.000 -498.780 184.537 0.000 0.000 184.537 -155.523 0.000 0.000 -155.523 440.753 0.000
0.000 157.122 157.122 0.000 0.000 -14.507 -14.507 0.000 0.000 -142.615 -142.615 0.000
3 78.561 0.000 0.000 78.561 -7.253 0.000 0.000 -7.253 -71.307 0.000 0.000 -71.307
-78.561 0.000 0.000 -35.654 -35.654 0.000 0.000 39.280 39.280 0.000 0.000 71.307
4 0.000 -39.280 -17.827 0.000 0.000 -17.827 19.640 0.000 0.000 19.640 35.654 0.000
0.000 28.554 28.554 0.000 0.000 -0.907 -0.907 0.000 0.000 -27.647 -27.647 0.000
5 14.277 0.000 0.000 14.277 -0.453 0.000 0.000 -0.453 -13.823 0.000 0.000 -13.823
-14.277 0.000 0.000 -6.912 -6.912 0.000 0.000 7.138 7.138 0.000 0.000 13.823

MON FINALES 0.00 -1028.13 1028.13 -576.57 576.57 -112.44 112.44 -530.15 530.15 -865.66 865.66 0.00
REACC ISOST 1488.34 1348.46 1348.46 1488.34 486.40 786.40 786.40 486.40 1270.74 1130.86 1130.86 1270.74
CORR HIP -321.29 321.29 141.11 -141.11 145.04 -145.04 -130.53 130.53 -104.85 104.85 270.52 -270.52
SUMATORIA 0 1167.05 -1669.75 1489.58 -1347.22 631.44 -641.36 655.87 -616.93 1165.89 -1235.71 1401.38 -1000.22

TABLA DE MOMENTOS
 1000
800 768.19
666.51
600
447.13
400 375.45

200
0 -75.35 -51.70
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
-200
-400
-600 -530.15
-576.57 -592.44
-641.86
-800 -804.33
-1000

COMBINACION DE CARGAS 4

300 kg 300 kg 300 kg

680 kg/m 680 kg/m 680 kg/m 680 kg/m

0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9

2.3 m 2.3 m 2.3 m 2.3 m

3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m

A B C D E F G

calculo de k: = 1/ L
0.3125 0.3125 0.3125 0.3125 0.3125 0.3125
calculo de FD 1.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00

A BB CC DD EE FF G
FD 1.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00

MEP 881.506 -557.442 557.442 -881.506 259.413 -259.413 259.413 -259.413 997.559 -673.495 673.495 -997.559
-881.506 0.000 0.000 311.046 311.046 0.000 0.000 -369.073 -369.073 0.000 0.000 997.559
2 0.000 -440.753 155.523 0.000 0.000 155.523 -184.537 0.000 0.000 -184.537 498.780 0.000
0.000 142.615 142.615 0.000 0.000 14.507 14.507 0.000 0.000 -157.122 -157.122 0.000
3 71.307 0.000 0.000 71.307 7.253 0.000 0.000 7.253 -78.561 0.000 0.000 -78.561
-71.307 0.000 0.000 -39.280 -39.280 0.000 0.000 35.654 35.654 0.000 0.000 78.561
4 0.000 -35.654 -19.640 0.000 0.000 -19.640 17.827 0.000 0.000 17.827 39.280 0.000
0.000 27.647 27.647 0.000 0.000 0.907 0.907 0.000 0.000 -28.554 -28.554 0.000
5 13.823 0.000 0.000 13.823 0.453 0.000 0.000 0.453 -14.277 0.000 0.000 -14.277
-13.823 0.000 0.000 -7.138 -7.138 0.000 0.000 6.912 6.912 0.000 0.000 14.277

MON FINALES 0.00 -865.66 865.66 -530.15 530.15 -112.44 112.44 -576.57 576.57 -1028.13 1028.13 0.00
REACC ISOST 1270.74 1130.86 1130.86 1270.74 486.40 786.40 786.40 486.40 1488.34 1348.46 1348.46 1488.34
CORR HIP -270.52 270.52 104.85 -104.85 130.53 -130.53 -145.04 145.04 -141.11 141.11 321.29 -321.29
SUMATORIA 0 1000.22 -1401.38 1235.71 -1165.89 616.93 -655.87 641.36 -631.44 1347.22 -1489.58 1669.75 -1167.05
 1000
800 768.19
666.51
600
447.13
400 375.45

200
0 -51.70 -75.35
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
-200
-400
-600 -530.15 -592.44 -576.57
-641.86
-800
-804.33
-1000

COMBINACION DE CARGAS 5

300 kg 300 kg 300 kg

680 kg/m 680 kg/m 680 kg/m 680 kg/m

0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9

2.3 m 2.3 m 2.3 m 2.3 m

3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m

A B C D E F G

calculo de k: = 1/ L
0.3125 0.3125 0.3125 0.3125 0.3125 0.3125
calculo de FD 1.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00

A BB CC DD EE FF G
FD 1.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00

MEP 881.506 -557.442 557.442 -881.506 143.360 -143.360 143.360 -143.360 997.559 -673.495 673.495 -997.559
-881.506 0.000 0.000 369.073 369.073 0.000 0.000 -427.100 -427.100 0.000 0.000 997.559
2 0.000 -440.753 184.537 0.000 0.000 184.537 -213.550 0.000 0.000 -213.550 498.780 0.000
0.000 128.108 128.108 0.000 0.000 14.507 14.507 0.000 0.000 -142.615 -142.615 0.000
3 64.054 0.000 0.000 64.054 7.253 0.000 0.000 7.253 -71.307 0.000 0.000 -71.307
-64.054 0.000 0.000 -35.654 -35.654 0.000 0.000 32.027 32.027 0.000 0.000 71.307
4 0.000 -32.027 -17.827 0.000 0.000 -17.827 16.014 0.000 0.000 16.014 35.654 0.000
0.000 24.927 24.927 0.000 0.000 0.907 0.907 0.000 0.000 -25.834 -25.834 0.000
5 12.463 0.000 0.000 12.463 0.453 0.000 0.000 0.453 -12.917 0.000 0.000 -12.917
-12.463 0.000 0.000 -6.458 -6.458 0.000 0.000 6.232 6.232 0.000 0.000 12.917

MON FINALES 0.00 -879.05 879.05 -476.59 476.59 34.86 -34.86 -523.01 523.01 -1041.52 1041.52 0.00
REACC ISOST 1270.74 1130.86 1130.86 1270.74 268.80 568.80 568.80 268.80 1488.34 1348.46 1348.46 1488.34
CORR HIP -274.70 274.70 125.77 -125.77 159.83 -159.83 -174.33 174.33 -162.04 162.04 325.48 -325.48
SUMATORIA 0 996.03 -1405.57 1256.63 -1144.97 428.63 -408.97 394.47 -443.13 1326.30 -1510.50 1673.94 -1162.86
 1000
800 762.69
660.95
600
469.14
400 396.80

200
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 -125.64 -147.90
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
-200
-400
-445.14
-476.59 -523.01
-600
-655.25
-800
-817.72
-1000

COMBINACION DE CARGAS 6

300 kg 300 kg 300 kg

680 kg/m 680 kg/m 680 kg/m 680 kg/m

0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9

2.3 m 2.3 m 2.3 m 2.3 m

3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m

A B C D E F G

calculo de k: = 1/ L
0.3125 0.3125 0.3125 0.3125 0.3125 0.3125
calculo de FD 1.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00

A BB CC DD EE FF G
FD 1.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00

MEP 997.559 -673.495 673.495 -997.559 143.360 -143.360 143.360 -143.360 881.506 -557.442 557.442 -881.506
-997.559 0.000 0.000 427.100 427.100 0.000 0.000 -369.073 -369.073 0.000 0.000 881.506
2 0.000 -498.780 213.550 0.000 0.000 213.550 -184.537 0.000 0.000 -184.537 440.753 0.000
0.000 142.615 142.615 0.000 0.000 -14.507 -14.507 0.000 0.000 -128.108 -128.108 0.000
3 71.307 0.000 0.000 71.307 -7.253 0.000 0.000 -7.253 -64.054 0.000 0.000 -64.054
-71.307 0.000 0.000 -32.027 -32.027 0.000 0.000 35.654 35.654 0.000 0.000 64.054
4 0.000 -35.654 -16.014 0.000 0.000 -16.014 17.827 0.000 0.000 17.827 32.027 0.000
0.000 25.834 25.834 0.000 0.000 -0.907 -0.907 0.000 0.000 -24.927 -24.927 0.000
5 12.917 0.000 0.000 12.917 -0.453 0.000 0.000 -0.453 -12.463 0.000 0.000 -12.463
-12.917 0.000 0.000 -6.232 -6.232 0.000 0.000 6.458 6.458 0.000 0.000 12.463

MON FINALES 0.00 -1041.52 1041.52 -523.01 523.01 34.86 -34.86 -476.59 476.59 -879.05 879.05 0.00
REACC ISOST 1488.34 1348.46 1348.46 1488.34 268.80 568.80 568.80 268.80 1270.74 1130.86 1130.86 1270.74
CORR HIP -325.48 325.48 162.04 -162.04 174.33 -174.33 -159.83 159.83 -125.77 125.77 274.70 -274.70
SUMATORIA 0 1162.86 -1673.94 1510.50 -1326.30 443.13 -394.47 408.97 -428.63 1144.97 -1256.63 1405.57 -996.03
 1000
800 762.69
660.95
600
469.14
396.80
400
200
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 -147.90 -125.64
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
-200
-400
-445.14 -476.59
-600 -523.01
-655.25
-800 -817.72
-1000

7:

800
666.14 666.14
600

400 376.85 376.85

200

0 -56.31 -56.31
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
-200

-400
-526.58 -526.58
-600 -605.83
-642.75
-642.75
-800

8:
 800
668.19 658.55
600
369.16 406.23
400

200

0 -30.06
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 -156.58
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
-200

-400
-453.38
-546.22 -532.18
-600 -637.84
-661.05
-800

9:
800
661.13 632.57
600
500.22
400 396.08

200

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 -123.07
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
-155.95
-200

-400
-438.45
-478.37
-600 -548.00
-654.80
-800 -724.43

COMBINACION DE CARGAS 10

300 kg 300 kg 300 kg

680 kg/m 680 kg/m 680 kg/m 680 kg/m

0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9

2.3 m 2.3 m 2.3 m 2.3 m

3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m

A B C D E F G
calculo de k: = 1/ L
0.3125 0.3125 0.3125 0.3125 0.3125 0.3125
calculo de FD 1.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00

A BB CC DD EE FF G
FD 1.00 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 1.00

MEP 997.559 -673.495 557.442 -881.506 143.360 -143.360 143.360 -143.360 881.506 -557.442 557.442 -881.506
-997.559 58.027 58.027 369.073 369.073 0.000 0.000 -369.073 -369.073 0.000 0.000 881.506
2 29.013 -498.780 184.537 29.013 0.000 184.537 -184.537 0.000 0.000 -184.537 440.753 0.000
-29.013 157.122 157.122 -14.507 -14.507 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 -128.108 -128.108 0.000
3 78.561 -14.507 -7.253 78.561 0.000 -7.253 0.000 0.000 -64.054 0.000 0.000 -64.054
-78.561 10.880 10.880 -39.280 -39.280 3.627 3.627 32.027 32.027 0.000 0.000 64.054
4 5.440 -39.280 -19.640 5.440 1.813 -19.640 16.014 1.813 0.000 16.014 32.027 0.000
-5.440 29.460 29.460 -3.627 -3.627 1.813 1.813 -0.907 -0.907 -24.020 -24.020 0.000
5 14.730 -2.720 -1.813 14.730 0.907 -1.813 -0.453 0.907 -12.010 -0.453 0.000 -12.010
-14.730 2.267 2.267 -7.818 -7.818 1.133 1.133 5.552 5.552 0.227 0.227 12.010

MON FINALES 0.00 -973.23 973.23 -448.02 448.02 14.77 -14.77 -471.23 471.23 -880.39 880.39 0.00
REACC ISOST 1488.34 1348.46 1130.86 1270.74 268.80 568.80 568.80 268.80 1270.74 1130.86 1130.86 1270.74
CORR HIP -304.13 304.13 164.13 -164.13 144.62 -144.62 -151.88 151.88 -127.86 127.86 275.12 -275.12
SUMATORIA 0 1184.20 -1652.60 1294.99 -1106.61 413.42 -424.18 416.92 -420.68 1142.88 -1258.72 1405.98 -995.62

1000
800 790.94
660.39
600
367.83 398.97
400
200
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 -121.53 -133.18
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
-200
-400
-448.02 -465.23 -471.23
-600
-749.43 -656.59
-800
-1000

Luego de hallar todos los gráficos de momentos definimos los momentos máximos negativos y
positivos según la envolvente de momentos:
MOMENTOS MAXIMO POSITIVO

COMB 1 COMB 2 COMB 3 COMB 4 COMB 5 COMB 6 COMB 7 COMB 8 COMB 9 COMB 10 MAX
768.55 763.05 768.19 768.19 762.69 762.69 666.14 668.19 661.13 790.94 790.94 kg-m

MOMENTOS MAXIMO NEGATIVO

COMB 1 COMB 2 COMB 3 COMB 4 COMB 5 COMB 6 COMB 7 COMB 8 COMB 9 COMB 10 MIN
-803.44 -816.83 -804.33 -804.33 -817.72 -817.72 -642.75 -661.05 -724.43 -749.43 -817.72 kg-m

1.- DETERMINACION DEL AREA DE ACERO EN TENSION PARA MOMENTO POSITIVO

UNA VEZ DIMENSIONADA LA SECCION, EL CALCULO DEL ACERO SE EFECTUARÁ

SIMPLEMENTE HACIENDO UNA ITERACIÓN ENTRE LAS SIGUIENTES EXPRESIONES

ITERACION 1 2 9 10
MU = 79094.01 kg-cm MU = 79094.0123 MU = 79094.0123 MU = 79094.0123
fy = 4200 kgr/cm2 fy = 4200 fy = 4200 fy = 4200
d = 15 cm d = 15 d = 15 d = 15
a = 3 cm a = 3.64694412 a = 3.7513329 a = 3.75133301
φ = 0.9 φ = 0.9 φ = 0.9 φ = 0.9
As = 1.54995125 As = 1.58800118 As = 1.59431653 As = 1.59431653

ITERACION 1 2 9 10
fy = 4200 kg/cm2 fy = 4200 fy = 4200 fy = 4200
f'c = 210 kg/cm2 f'c = 210 f'c = 210 f'c = 210
b = 10 cm b = 10 b = 10 b = 10
As = 1.54995125 cm2 As = 1.58800118 As = 1.59431653 As = 1.59431653

a = 3.64694412 cm a = 3.73647336 a = 3.75133301 a = 3.75133302

As = 1.59 cm2 a = 3.75 cm

ANALIZANDO LA CUANTIA DE ACERO

= 0.0106 = 0.0159 = 0.0033 = 0.0028 = 0.0213

2.- DETERMINACION DEL AREA DE ACERO EN TENSION PARA MOMENTO NEGATIVO

UNA VEZ DIMENSIONADA LA SECCION, EL CALCULO DEL ACERO SE EFECTUARÁ

SIMPLEMENTE HACIENDO UNA ITERACIÓN ENTRE LAS SIGUIENTES EXPRESIONES
ITERACION 1 2 9 10
MU = 81772.32 kg-cm MU = 81772.3201 MU = 81772.3201 MU = 81772.3201
fy = 4200 kgr/cm2 fy = 4200 fy = 4200 fy = 4200
d = 15 cm d = 15 d = 15 d = 15
a = 3 cm a = 3.77043815 a = 3.90053269 a = 3.90053287
φ = 0.9 φ = 0.9 φ = 0.9 φ = 0.9
As = 1.60243622 As = 1.64950441 As = 1.65772647 As = 1.65772648

ITERACION 1 2 9 10
fy = 4200 kg/cm2 fy = 4200 fy = 4200 fy = 4200
f'c = 210 kg/cm2 f'c = 210 f'c = 210 f'c = 210
b = 10 cm b = 10 b = 10 b = 10
As = 1.60243622 cm2 As = 1.64950441 As = 1.65772647 As = 1.65772648

a = 3.77043815 cm a = 3.88118684 a = 3.90053287 a = 3.9005329

As = 1.6577 cm2 a = 3.9005 cm

ANALIZANDO LA CUANTIA DE ACERO

= 0.0111 = 0.0159 = 0.0033 = 0.0028 = 0.0213

DETERMINACION DE LA CANTIDAD DE VARILLAS DE ACERO REQUERIDAS

TABLA
PESO, AREA Y PERIMETRO DE VARILLAS INDIVIDUALES

numero de peso diametro area de la secc transv perimetro

varilla (lb/pie) kg/ml pulg mm pulg2 cm2 pulg cm
2 0.248 1/4" 0.250 6.40 0.32 1.99
2.5 0.388 5/16" 0.313 0.79 0.49 2.48
3 0.376 0.559 3/8" 0.375 9.50 0.11 0.71 1.178 2.98
4 0.668 0.993 1/2" 0.500 12.70 0.20 1.27 1.571 3.99
5 1.043 1.552 5/8" 0.625 15.90 0.31 1.98 1.963 5.00
6 1.502 2.235 3/4" 0.750 19.00 0.44 2.85 2.356 6.00
7 2.044 3.042 7/8" 0.875 22.20 0.60 3.88 2.749 6.97
8 2.670 3.973 1" 1.000 25.40 0.79 5.07 3.142 7.98
9 3.400 5.028 1 1/8" 1.128 28.60 1.00 6.41 3.544 8.99
10 4.303 6.207 1 1/4" 1.270 31.80 1.27 7.92 3.990 9.99
11 5.313 7.511 1 3/8" 1.410 34.90 1.56 9.58 4.430 10.96
14 7.650 1 1/2" 1.693 43.00 2.25 5.32
18 13.600 2.257 56.00 4.00 7.09
 De la siguiente tabla podemos elegir la cantidad
más adecuada

diametro cantidad requerida

pulg mm M( +) aprox M( - ) aprox
1/4" 0.250 6.40 4.982 5 5.180 5
5/16" 0.313 0.79 3.254 3 3.383 3
3/8" 0.375 9.50 2.246 2 2.335 2
1/2" 0.500 12.70 1.255 1 1.305 1
5/8" 0.625 15.90 0.805 1 0.837 1
3/4" 0.750 19.00 0.559 1 0.582 1
7/8" 0.875 22.20 0.411 0 0.427 0
1" 1.000 25.40 0.314 0 0.327 0
1 1/8" 1.128 28.60 0.249 0 0.259 0
1 1/4" 1.270 31.80 0.201 0 0.209 0
1 3/8" 1.410 34.90 0.166 0 0.173 0
1 1/2" 1.693 43.00 0.709 1 0.737 1
2.257 56.00 0.399 0 0.414 0

VERIFICACION DE ENSANCHAMIENTOS

PARA MOMENTOS

verificar si Mu > Mut … entonces hay ensanchamiento

𝑡 f'c = 210 φ = 0.9

𝑀𝑢𝑡 = . 0,85. 𝑓 ′ 𝑐. 𝐵. 𝑡(𝑑 − )
2 B = 40 b = 10
t = 5
d = 15
Mu = 81772.32 kg/cm

Mut = 401625 kg/cm hay ensanchamiento

no hay ensanchamiento
COMPARAMOS Mu - Mut no hay ensanchamiento

Mut = 401625.000 b = 10.000 0

Mu = 81772.320 b = 0.000 ensanche

POR CORTE

verificar si Vu > Vc … entonces hay ensanchamiento

𝑉𝑐 = . 0,53 𝑓 ′ 𝑐 ∗ 𝑏 ∗ 𝑑

Vu = 1673

Vc = 1036.85801

COMPARAMOS Vu - Vc hay ensanchamiento 1

Vc = 1036.858 b = 10.000
Vu = 1673.000 b = 6.135 ensanche
 FINALMENTE TENEMOS:

ESQUEM A DEL ARM ADO DE LA LOZA

3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m 3.2 m

3.25

1 φ 1/2" 1 φ 1/2"
1 φ 1/2" 1 φ 1/2"

2 φ 3/8" 2 φ 3/8"
2 φ 3/8"
4.7

A B C D E F G