“Año de la unidad, la paz y el desarrollo”

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL MICAELA BASTIDAS DE APURÍMAC

FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA

Escuela académico profesional de ingeniería civil

TEMA: EJERCICIOS: DISEÑO DE VIGAS

ASIGNATURA: CONCRETO ARMADO

DOCENTE: ING. Diómedes Napoleón Ferrel Sarmiento
ESTUDIANTE: Rosmery, Escalante Huanaco.

CÓDIOGO:172289

Abancay-Apurímac
21 DE JULIO DEL 2023
 EJERCICIOS SOBRE DISEÑO DE
PREGUNTA 01
VIGAS
Si Mu = 1 225 kN.m. determinar el área de acero requerida para la sección mostrada en la Figura 5.19. Si se
requiere acero de compresión, suponga que éste se colocará a 70 mm de la cara de compresión f´c=21 MPa,
fy = 420 MPa y Es = 200 000 MPa.
kg kg
f'c ≔ 210 fy ≔ 4200
cm 2 cm 2

d ≔ 700 mm Mu ≔ 1225 ⋅ 1000 ⋅N ⋅m

Es ≔ 200000 MPa

β1 ≔ 0.85
b ≔ 350 mm

Sabemos que: Hallamos el valor de la cuantía.

⎛ kg ⎞
6000
ϕ ≔ 0.9 ⎜ ⎟
Mu ρb ≔ 0.85 ⋅f'c ⋅ β1 ⋅⎜⎜ cm 2 ⎟
fy kg ⎟
Mn≔ 6000 +f
ϕ
ρb = 0.021 ⎜⎝ 2
⎠
y⎟
Mn= 1361.111 kN ⋅m cm
ρmax ≔ 0.75 ⋅ρb ρmax = 0.0159

As ≔ ρmax ⋅b ⋅d

Mu1 ≔ 736.1 ⋅ 1000 ⋅N ⋅m As = 3904.688 mm

2

2
Mu1 ≔ ϕ ⋅b ⋅d ⋅ 4.769

Mn1 ≔ Mu1
ϕ
Mn1 ≔ 818 kN Mn1 = 818 kN ⋅m < Mn= 1361.111 kN ⋅m
⋅m

∴ Se requiere doble refuerzo

Revisión para ver si fluye el acero de compresión:

As ⋅f y
a ≔ 0.85 ⋅f'c ⋅b
a = 262.5 mm

Entonces el acero requerido:

Mn2
Mn2 ≔ Mn- Mn1 A's ⎛ a⎞
≔
fy ⋅ ⎜ d - ⎟
2
Mn2 = 543.111 kN ⋅m ⎝ ⎠
A's ≔ 2052 mm 2
Entonces el área de Acero total será:

AsT ≔ As +A's

AsT = 5956.688 mm 2

Use 3 varillas de Acero # 36RESPUESTA: As ＝ 6036 ⋅mm2

PREGUNTA 2

Se tiene una viga con b = 30 cm, y un momento último de 30.9 tm, MD = 8.75 T -m, ML = 12.75 T -m
para f'c = 210 k/cm².
Es=2039 000 Kg/cm²
fy=4200 K/cm²
β ₁ = 0.85
Se necesita encontrar:
a) diseñar para peralte mínimo.
b) diseñar para d = 70 cm

a) Diseñar para peralte mínimo: El peralte mínimo será para un ρmax .

b ≔ 30 cm Mu ≔ 30.9 tonne ⋅m
kg
fy≔ 4200
β1 ≔ 0.85
cm 2
kg
f'c ≔ 210
⎛ kg ⎞
cm 2 kg 6000 ⎟
Es ≔ 203900 ⎜ cm 2 ⎟
ρb ≔ 0.85 ⋅f'c ⋅ β1⋅ ⎜
cm 2 fy ⎜ kg +fy ⎟
⎜6000 ⎟
ρb = 0.021 ⎝ cm 2 ⎠

ρmax ≔ 0.5 ⋅ρb

ρmax = 0.0106
fy
w ≔ ρmax ⋅ w = 0.213
f'c
factor de resistencia de vigas

b ≔ 30 f'c ≔ 210 ϕ ≔ 0.9 Mu ≔ 30.9 ⋅ 105

Mu＝ϕ ⋅b ⋅x 2 ⋅f'c ⋅w
solve , x
⋅ 1 - 0.59 ――→ ⎡ -54.149855197458569799 ⎤
⋅w
⎣ 54.149855197458569799 ⎦
∴ d ≔ 54 cm

para 14
ρmin ≔
d ≔ 54 cm
fy
As ≔ ρmax ⋅b ⋅d kg
1 cm
As = 17.213 cm 2
ρmin = 0.003
b) Para d=70 cm

d ≔ 70 fy≔ 4200
fy ⎛
Mu＝ϕ ⋅b ⋅d 2 ⋅f'c ⋅ρ ⋅
fy ⎞ solve , ⎡ 0.0059834084213141659857 ⎤
⋅ ⎜1 - 0.59 ⋅ ρ ⋅ ρ
⎟ ――→
f'c f'c ⎣ 0.078762354290550240794 ⎦
⎝ ⎠

∴ ρ1 ≔ 0.006

As ≔ ρ1 ⋅b ⋅d

As = 12.6 cm Se utilizaran 5 ϕ 3/4"

PREGUNTA 03

1) Analíticamente usando las Formulas

kg kg
As ≔ 10 cm b ≔ 25 d ≔ 50 f'c ≔ 210 fy≔ 4200
2
cm cm cm 2 cm 2

⎛ kg ⎞
6000
⎜ ⎟
As ρb ≔ 0.85 ⋅f'c ⋅ β1 ⋅ ⎜ cm 2 ⎟
ρ ≔ b ⋅d fy ⎜ kg +fy ⎟
6000
ρ = 0.008 ⎜⎝ 2 ⎟⎠
cm
ρmax ≔ 0.75 ⋅ρ b ρmax = 0.0159

∴ ρ <ρmax cumple condiciones de cuantía.

As ⋅fy
a ≔ 0.85 ⋅f'c ⋅b

a = 9.412 cm
⎛ a⎞
Mu ≔ ϕ ⋅ As ⋅ fy ⋅ ⎜d - Mu = 17.121 tonne ⋅m
2
⎟
⎝ ⎠
 2) por graficos :

As
ρ ≔ b ⋅d

ρ = 0.008

Con este valor cortamos la curva para f’c

= 210 k/cm2 y luego, vamos al eje
vertical para encontrar el valor de
fy •⎛ 1 - 0.59 ⋅ ρ ⋅ fy ⎞
ϕ ⋅ f'c ⋅ ρ ⋅ ⎜ ⎟
f'c ⎝ f'c ⎠

fy ⎛ fy ⎞
Mu＝ϕ ⋅ b ⋅ d2 ⋅ f'c ⋅ ρ ⋅
•⎜ 1 - 0.59 ⋅ ρ ⎟
f'c ⎝ ⋅ f'c ⎠
Mu＝27.5 ⋅ b ⋅ d2
kg
Mu ≔ 27.5 •25 cm ⋅ 2500 cm 2
2
cm
Mu = 17.188 tonne ⋅ m

PREGUNTA 04

Mu ≔ 25 tonne ⋅ m kg kg
f'c ≔ 210 fy≔ 4200
cm 2 cm 2
⎛
6000 kg ⎟⎞
β cm 2
⎜
ρb ≔ 0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ 1 ⎜ ⎟ ρb = 0.021
⋅ ⎟
fy ⎜ kg +fy
⎜ 6000 ⎟
⎝ cm 2 ⎠
 ρmax ≔ 0.5 ⋅ ρb sabemos fy
w ≔ ρmax ⋅
f'c
ρmax = 0.0106 w = 0.213

De dato tenemos b 1
: ＝
d 2
fy ⎛ fy ⎞
Mu＝ϕ ⋅ b ⋅ d2 ⋅ f'c ⋅ ρ ⋅
ϕ ≔ 0.9
•⎜ 1 - 0.59 ⋅ ρ ⎟
f'c ⎝ ⋅ f'c ⎠
d3
Mu＝ϕ ⋅ ⋅ f'c ⋅ w ⋅ 1 - 0.59 ⋅ w
2
d3 ＝142630.9986 Analizamos dentro de la ecuación de Momento:

∴ d＝52.8482 cm d＝53 cm b1 ≔ 25 cm d1 ≔ 54 cm

b＝26.1241 cm b＝27 cm b2 ≔ 30 cm d2 ≔ 50

cm

Las dimensiones de la viga será de 30x50cm

2) por graficos :

Usando los gráficos específicos : para b

= 25 cm, f’c = 210 k/cm2,
fy = 4 200 k/cm2 con Mu = 25 T- m
(eje vertical) se intercepta la curva
punteada ρ = 0.5 ρb,
este se interpola entre las curvas
respectivas para d obtenemos
d = 57 cm.

Luego para b = 25 cm; d = 57 cm;

As = 14.2 cm
Similarmente para b = 30 cm d
= 47 cm; As = 15.7 cm2
para las
en cada gráfico.
áreas de acero (As) ver eje horizontal
PREGUNTA 5

kg kg
fy≔ 4200 f'c ≔ 210 Mu ≔ 25 tonne ⋅ m h ≔ 60 b ≔ 30 cm
cm 2 cm 2 cm
d ≔ 55 cm

1) Mediante Tanteo

Sabemos que existe C=T As ⋅ fy

a ≔ 0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ b
de ΣM = 0 El momento resistente será: Mr≔ Mu Mr
⎛ a⎞ Se recomienda el Primer tanteo d/5 : a=11 cm
fy ⋅ ⎜d - ⎟
As ≔ 2
⎝ ⎠
a ≔ 11 cm Reemplazamos en :
Mr
As ≔ ⎛ a⎞ As = 12.025 cm 2
fy ⋅ ⎜d - ⎟ As ⋅ fy
2
⎝ ⎠ a1 ≔
0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅
a1 = 9.431 Primer tanteo
b cm
As = 12.025 cm 2
 a ≔ 9.431 cm Reemplazamos en :
Mr
As ≔ ⎛ a⎞ As = 11.837 cm 2
fy ⋅ ⎜d - ⎟
⎝ 2⎠ As ⋅ fy
a2 ≔ 0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ b

As = 11.837 cm a2 = 9.284 cm
2

Los valores a1 y a2, son similares, entonces asumiremos el valor de As = 11.86 cm2

2) Usando la Formula General

As ⋅ fy Mu
a＝ 0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ b As＝
⎛ a⎞
fy ⋅ ⎜d - ⎟
Reemplazamos. ⎝ 2⎠

0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ b ⋅ a＝ Mu
⎛ a⎞
⎜d - ⎟
⎝ 2⎠ Reemplazamos en la Formula de As
25 ⋅ 100000
0.85 ⋅ 210 ⋅ 30 ⋅ a＝ ⎛ a⎞ 25 ⋅ 100000
55 - As＝
⎜ ⎟ 210 ⋅ ⎛⎜55 - 10.418 ⎞⎟
⎝ 2⎠ ⎝ 2 ⎠
a1 ≔ 10.418 a2 ≔ 99.582
As ＝ 13.283 cm2

3) por gráficos

fy ⎛ fy ⎞
Mu＝ϕ ⋅ b ⋅ d2 ⋅ f'c ⋅ ρ ⋅
•⎜1 - 0.59 ⋅ ρ ⎟
f'c ⎝ ⋅ f'c ⎠

reemplazando tenemos:

Mu＝27.54 ⋅ b ⋅ d2

con este valor (27.54) en el eje vertical

cortamos la curva para f´c = 210 K/cm2 y
en el eje horizontal se observa lo
siguiente:
ρ ≔ 0.008
As ≔ ρ ⋅ b ⋅ d

As = 13.2 cm 2

usar 3 ϕ 1" o 5 ϕ 3/4"

PREGUNTA 6

L≔ 5 m tonne
Wu ≔ 12.7 sabemos
m
2
Wu ⋅ L
Mu ≔ 8
Mu = 39.688 tonne ⋅ m

Hallamos la Cuantía:
⎛ kg ⎞
⎜ 6000 cm 2 ⎟
β
ρb ≔ 0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ 1 ⎜ ⎟
⋅
fy ⎜ kg +fy ⎟
⎜ 6000 ⎟
⎝ cm 2 ⎠
ρb = 0.021

ρmax ≔ 0.5 ⋅ ρb

ρmax = 0.0106
Reemplazamos en
fy ⎛ fy ⎞
Mu＝ϕ ⋅ b ⋅ d2 ⋅ f'c ⋅ ρ ⋅
•⎜ 1 - 0.59 ⋅ ρ ⎟
f'c ⎝ ⋅ f'c ⎠

Mu＝35.0563 ⋅ b ⋅ d2

Asumimos b/d=0.5

Mu ≔ 39.688

Mu＝b3 ⋅ 4 ⋅ 35.0563

b＝30.47

∴ b ≔ 30 cm d ≔ 60 cm

As ≔ b ⋅ d ⋅ ρmax

As = 19.125 cm 2

Se usar 4 ϕ 1"
PREGUNTA 7

h ≔ 65 d ≔ 60 b ≔ 30 cm
cm cm
kg
f'c ≔ 200 kg
2 fy≔ 4200 As ≔ 15 cm 2
cm
cm 2

Hallamos la
Cuantía:
kg ⎞
6000
⎛
⎟
ρb ≔ 0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ β1⋅ ⎜
⎜ cm 2 ⎟
fy ⎜ kg +fy ⎟
6000
⎜⎝ 2 ⎟⎠
cm
ρb = 0.02

ρmax ≔ 0.5 ⋅ ρb

ρmax = 0.0101

Hallamos la resistencia a la flexion:

As
∴ ρ≔
fy ⎛ b⋅d
Mu ≔ ϕ ⋅ b ⋅ d2 ⋅ f'c ⋅ ρ ⋅ fy ⎞

⋅ ⎜1 - 0.59 ⋅ ρ ⋅ ⎟
f'c ⎝ f'c ⎠
ρ = 0.008

Mu = 30.507 tonne ⋅ ρ = 0.008 < ρmax = 0.01

m

Se cumple la relación de Cuantía

Por tanto el momento ultimo máximo sera de 30.507 ton.m

PREGUNTA 8

h ≔ 65 d ≔ 60 b ≔ 30 cm
cm cm
kg
f'c ≔ 160 kg
2 fy≔ 4200 As ≔ 15 cm 2
cm
cm 2

Hallamos la
Cuantía:
kg ⎞
6000
⎛
⎟⎟
⎜ cm 2
ρb ≔ 0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ β1⋅ ⎜
fy ⎜ kg +fy ⎟
6000
⎜⎝ 2 ⎟⎠
cm
ρb = 0.0162

ρmax ≔ 0.5 ⋅ ρb

ρmax = 0.0081

Hallamos la resistencia a la flexion: ∴ As

ρ ≔b⋅d
fy
w ≔ ρmax ⋅
f'c ρ = 0.008
w = 0.2125
ρ = 0.008 < ρmax = 0.0081
Mu ≔ ϕ ⋅ b ⋅ d2 ⋅ f'c ⋅ w ⋅ 1 - 0.59 ⋅
w
Se cumple la relación de Cuantía
Mu = 28.905 tonne ⋅ m

Por tanto el momento ultimo máximo sera de 28.905 ton.m

PREGUNTA 09 (Determinar la resistência última)

kg
h ≔ 80 d ≔ 75 b ≔ 40 f'c ≔ 250
cm 2
cm cm cm
kg
β1 ≔ d' ≔ 4 Es ≔ 2 ⋅ 106
0.85 cm 2
cm
kg
fy≔ 4200
As ≔ 25 cm A's ≔ 15 cm 2
cm 2 2

Hallamos la profundidad equivalente del bloque comprimido:

As - A's ⋅ fy
a ≔ 0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅
b
a = 4.941 cm fy
β1 ⋅ d' ⎞ εy ≔ Es
⎛ ⎟
ε's ≔ 0.003 ⋅ ⎜1 -
⎝ a ⎠
ε's = 0.0009 εy = 0.0021

Analizamos que caso ε's = 0.0009 < εy = 0.0021

es: Es el 2do caso.

0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ •a 2 + ⎝⎛0.003 ⋅ Es ⋅ A's - As ⋅ •a - ⎝⎛0.003 ⋅ Es ⋅ A's ⋅ β1 ⋅ d'⎞⎠ ＝0

c
fy

8500
•a2 + 15000 •a 306000 ＝0
-

Resolviendo la ecuación cuadrática:

a1 ≔ 6.947 cm

a2 ≔ -5.182 cm
fy ⎛ fy ⎞
Mu ≔ ϕ ⋅ b ⋅ d2 ⋅ f'c ⋅ ρ ⋅
•⎜ 1 - 0.59 ⋅ ρ ⎟
f'c ⎝ ⋅ f'c ⎠

Mu = 65.021 tonne ⋅ m
Por tanto la resistencia ultima o Momento ultimo es 65.021 ton.m
PREGUNTA 10

Determinació n de la resistencia a flexió n de una secció n T usando el Reglamento ACI 318-02.

h ≔ 65 d ≔ 60 b ≔ 110 cm
cm cm

kg kg
f'c ≔ 200 fy≔ 4200 As ≔ 15 cm 2
cm 2 cm 2

Primero encontramos la profundidad equivalente del bloque comprimido.

As ⋅ fy
a ≔ 0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ b

a = 3.369 cm

como a <t Todo el bloque de esfuerzos cae dentro del patín.

⎛
6000 kg 2 ⎟⎞
β ⎜ cm
ρb ≔ 0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ 1 ⎜ ⎟
⋅
fy ⎜ kg +fy ⎟
⎜ 6000 ⎟
⎝ cm 2 ⎠
ρb = 0.0202

ρmax ≔ 0.5 ⋅ ρb
As
ρ≔
ρmax = 0.0101 b⋅d
ρ = 0.002

ρ = 0.002 < ρmax = 0.0101 ∴ Se cumple la relación de Cuantía

Hallamos el Momento ultimo

fy
w≔ρ⋅
f'c
w = 0.0477

Mu ≔ ϕ ⋅ b ⋅ d2 ⋅ f'c ⋅ w ⋅ 1 - 0.59 ⋅ w

Mu = 33.062 tonne ⋅ m
PREGUNTA 11
Determinar si la siguiente sección es subreforzada o sobrerreforzada

b ≔ 25 cm h ≔ 40 d ≔ 35 cm
cm

kg kg
f'c ≔ 350 fy≔ 4200 As ≔ 8.55 cm 2
2 2
cm cm

Evaluamos la cuantía:

⎛
6000 kg ⎞⎟
β ⎜ cm 2
ρb ≔ 0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ 1⎜ ⎟
⋅
fy ⎜ kg +fy ⎟
⎜ 6000 ⎟
⎝ cm 2 ⎠
ρb = 0.0354

ρmax ≔ 0.5 ⋅ ρb As
ρ ≔b⋅d

ρmax = 0.0177 ρ = 0.01

∴ ρ = 0.01 < ρmax = 0.0177

Se cumple la relación de Cuantía

Se tiene ρ = 0.01 < ρb = 0.0354

∴ la viga esta Subreforzada(Falla ductil)

PREGUNTA 12
Calcular el área de acero, Asb de la siguiente sección, correspondiente a la condición balanceada.
Calcular también la resistencia de la sección balanceada.

b ≔ 30 cm h ≔ 65 d ≔ 60 cm
cm
kg
f'c ≔ 250 kg
2 fy≔ 2800
cm
cm 2

Evaluamos la cuantía:

⎛
6000 kg ⎟⎞
β ⎜ cm 2
ρb ≔ 0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅
⋅⎜ ⎟
1

fy ⎜ kg +fy ⎟
⎜ 6000 ⎟
⎝ cm 2 ⎠
ρb = 0.044
 ρmax ≔ 0.5 ⋅ ρb

ρmax = 0.022

Hallamos el Momento ultimo

fy
w ≔ ρmax ⋅
f'c
w = 0.2463

Mu ≔ ϕ ⋅ b ⋅ d2 ⋅ f'c ⋅ w ⋅ 1 - 0.59 ⋅ w

Mu = 51.155 tonne ⋅ m

Hallamos el Área de Acero:

As ⋅ fy
a＝ 0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ b

As＝ Mu Mu
fy ⋅ d - a ⎞
⎛ 0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ b ⋅ a＝
⎜⎝ 2 ⎠⎟ ⎛⎜ a ⎞⎟
Reemplazamos. ⎝d - 2 ⎠

51.155 ⋅ 100000
0.85 ⋅ 250 ⋅ 30 ⋅ a＝ ⎛ a⎞
60 - Reemplazamos en la Formula de As
⎜ ⎟ 51.155 ⋅ 100000
⎝ 2⎠ As＝
a1 ≔ 15.333 2800 ⋅ ⎛60 - 15.333 ⎞
⎜ ⎟
⎝ 2 ⎠
a2 ≔ 104.667
As＝34.910 cm2

Se usaran 4 ϕ 1 1/4"

PREGUNTA 13
Calcular la resistencia de la siguiente sección y determinar en qué lechos de refuerzo fluye el acero.

b ≔ 20 cm kg
β1 ≔ 0.80 f´c ≔ 300
cm 2
h ≔ 35 kg
ϕ ≔ 0.9 fy≔ 4200
cm 2
cm
kg
d´≔ 4 cm Es ≔ 2000000
cm 2
rec ≔ 5
cm
 hallando el d: d ≔ h - rec - 2.5 cm

d = 27.5 cm

As ≔ 5 ⋅ 5.067 cm 2 = 25.335 cm 2

A´s ≔ 3 ⋅ 2.850 cm 2 = 8.55 cm 2

a) Asumimos que As esta en fluencia

f´s＝fc

se conoce que: ⎛⎝As - A´s⎞⎠ ⋅

= 13.823 cm
a≔
fy
por otra parte: 0.85 ⋅ f´c ⋅ b
a
c≔
c = 17.279 cm
β1

ε´s ≔ 0.003 c-d

⋅ = 0.002306 ε´s = 0.0023055
´c
donde f´s ≔ Es ⋅ ε´s
kg
f´s = 4611.005 f´s >fy conforme
cm 2
A´s esta en fluencia , por la f´s＝fc

tanto entonces calcularemos la resistencia a la

flexión

⎛⎝As - A´s⎞⎠ ⋅
a≔
fy = 13.823 a = 13.823 cm
0.85 ⋅ f´c ⋅ b cm

por otra parte:

a
c≔
β1 c = 17.279 cm

Hallando el momento nominal

⎛ a⎞
Mn ≔ ⎛⎝As ⋅ fy - A´s ⋅ f´s ⋅ ⎜d - ⎟ + A´s ⋅ f d - d´
´s ⋅
⎝ 2⎠

Mn = 23.0555 tonne ⋅ Mn = 23.0555 tonne ⋅ m

m

momento ultimo

Mu ≔ ϕ ⋅ Mn

Mu = 20.7499 tonne ⋅ m Resistencia ultima

PREGUNTA 14

Datos

Sc ≔ 500
kg β1 ≔ 0.85 ϕ ≔ 0.9

m
2 kg kg
f´c ≔ 280 fy≔ 4200
rec ≔ 5 cm
cm 2 cm 2

Calculo de Peralte y Base:

Ln≔ 4 m

Ln
h ≔ 12
h
h = 33.333 b≔
cm 2
b = 16.667 cm

∴ h=35 cm y b=25cm
 Relizamos el metrado de cargas:

CARGA MUERTA:

Peso unitario de la losa aligerada con 0.25 m de espesor : 350 kg/m2

Area tributaria
kg
A≔ 4 m ⋅ 4.8 γ≔ 350
m A= 19.2 m 2 2
m

CM≔ A⋅ γ

CM= 6.72 tonne

CARGA VIVA:
kg
consideraremos, que soportara un ambiente de Viviendas γ v ≔ 200
: 2
m
CV≔ A⋅ γv

CV= 3.84 tonne

kg
SOBRECARGA: Sc ≔ 500
2
m
SC≔ A⋅ Sc

SC= 9.6 tonne

CARGA TOTAL:

U≔ 1.4 ⋅ CM+ 1.7 ⋅ CV+SC

U= 25.536 tonne

Entonces la carga distribuida en la Viga será:

U
W≔
8m
tonne
W= 3.192
m
Sabemos

L≔ 8 m 2
Mu ≔ W⋅ L
12
Mu = 17.024 tonne ⋅ m
 Sabemos

As ⋅ fy Mu
a＝ 0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ b As＝
⎛ a⎞
ϕ ⋅ fy ⋅ ⎜d - ⎟
⎝ 2⎠
reemplazamos

0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ b
fy ＝ Mu
fy ⋅ ⎛d - a ⎞
⎜ ⎟
⎝ 2⎠

0.85 ⋅ 210 ⋅ 25 ⋅ a
＝17.024 ⋅ 105
4200 0.9 ⋅ 4200 ⋅⎛30 - a ⎞
⎜ ⎟
⎝ 2⎠
a1 ≔ 22.77 cm
a2 ≔ 37.22
cm

∴ a ≔ 22.77 cm

Reemplazamos
Mu
As ≔
ϕ ⋅ fy ⋅ ⎛d - a ⎞
⎜ ⎟
⎝ 2⎠

As = 27.947 cm 2

Usaremos4 ϕ 1 1/8,

Evaluamos la cuantía:

h ≔ 35 b ≔ 35 d ≔ 30 cm
cm cm

⎛
6000 kg ⎞⎟
β ⎜ cm 2
ρb ≔ 0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ 1 ⎜ ⎟
⋅
fy ⎜ kg +fy ⎟
⎜ 6000 ⎟
⎝ cm 2 ⎠
ρb = 0.0253

ρmax ≔ 0.5 ⋅ ρb
As
ρ ≔b⋅d
ρmax = 0.0126
ρ = 0.027

ρb = 0.0253 < ρ = 0.027

∴ Se cumple la relación de Cuantía, se encuentra sobre reforzado.