Apostila Treinamento Atoll WOM PDF

Capacitación Atoll
WOM Chile
Felipe Machado
© Copyright bwtech
0
Felipe Machado © Copyright bwtech | Rua Antônio de Albuquerque, 194, Belo Horizonte, Brasil | www.bwtech.com
Day 1: Automatic Cell Planning & Automatic Frequency Planning .............................. 5
Optimising Cell Planning with ACP ........................................................................... 7
Defining Technology Layer-related Parameters.................................................... 7
Defining Zone-related Parameters....................................................................... 8
Setting Objective Parameters .............................................................................. 9
Setting Network Reconfiguration Parameters .................................................... 10
Selecting Sites for Addition or Removal ............................................................. 12
Configuring Network Parameters Using the AFP .................................................... 13
Configuring Cost Component Weights ............................................................... 13
Using AFP to Allocate Parameters...................................................................... 15
Day 2: Atoll Live ....................................................................................................... 17
Network Planning Using Live Network Data ........................................................... 19
Enabling the Atoll Live Module .............................................................................. 19
Configuring KPI Definitions.................................................................................... 20
Importing KPI Data ............................................................................................ 21
Updating an Existing KPI Table........................................................................... 23
Displaying Coverage Areas Using Multiple KPI Quality Levels .............................. 23
Configuring and Connecting to UE Trace Data........................................................ 25
Configuring UE Trace Data Mapping .................................................................. 25
Establishing Live Connections to UE Trace Data.................................................. 27
Creating UE Trace Densities Maps ......................................................................... 28
Using UE Trace Measurements in Coverage Maps.................................................. 29
Calculating Measurement Maps ........................................................................ 29
Calculating Predictions Combined with Measurements ...................................... 30
Using KPIs in the LTE AFP ...................................................................................... 32
Configuring the AFP Cost Component Weights for KPIs ...................................... 32
Using Live Network Data in the ACP ...................................................................... 33
Creating ACP Target Zones Using KPIs ................................................................ 33
Creating an ACP Objective Based on Live Network Data ..................................... 34
Day 3: Aster ............................................................................................................. 37
Aster .................................................................................................................... 38
Basic Principles of Ray Launching....................................................................... 39
Calibrating the Aster Model............................................................................... 40
Multi-storey Prediction ......................................................................................... 41
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Cronograma para Capacitación WOM Chile
Duración: 3 días (18h)
Día 1: Automatic Cell Planning & Automatic Frequency Planning

o Configuración y Utilización del ACP en Atoll
o Utilizando el ACP para objetivos de cobertura
o Elegir las mejores ubicaciones para sitios
o Planeo de Canales, PCI y PRACH con AFP
Requisitos: -Conocimiento del uso de Atoll con los módulos LTE y UMTS.
-Conocimiento de planeo de RF para UMTS y LTE.
Día 2: Atoll Live

o Importación de KPIs y UE Trace Data
o Visualización de Datos y Weighting Maps
o Predicciones de cobertura con KPIs y UE Traces
o Utilizando Datos de Atoll Live en ACP y AFP
Requisitos: -Conocimiento básico de KPIs y UE Trace Data (Datos Geolocalizados)
Día 3: Aster: Utilización y Tunning del modelo

o Características de Aster
o Configuraciones de Aster
o Haciendo el Model Tunning de Aster
o Multi-Storey Prediction en Aster
Requisitos: -Conocimiento básico de modelos de propagación

-Entendimiento de que es un drive-test de calibración
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4
Day 1:
Automatic Cell
Planning
&
Automatic
Frequency
Planning
5
6
Optimising Cell Planning with ACP
Optimising cell planning with ACP consists of defining the parameters that will be used
during the optimisation process and then running the process. Each optimisation, with
its parameters and results, is stored in a Setup folder in the ACP – Automatic Cell
Planning folder in the Network explorer.
Defining Technology Layer-related Parameters
1. In the Network explorer, right-click the ACP - Automatic Cell Planning folder and
select New from the context menu.
A dialog box appears in which you can define the parameters of the new setup.
2. Click the Optimisation tab.
3. Select Technology Layers in the left pane. The Technology Layers page appears in
the right pane. In the Technology Layers page, you can define the following for each
technology layer to be optimised:
Name: You can change the name of the technology layer by clicking it and
entering a new name.
Use: You can select which technology layers are to be considered in the
optimisation process by selecting their check box in the Use column. The
signals and interference of the transmitters and sites in the selected technology
layers will be taken into consideration during the optimisation process.
Selecting the technology layers here ensures that ACP will take them into
consideration. Transmitters and sites in technology layers which are not
selected are treated by ACP as if they do not exist: they will not be optimised
and their signal and interference will not be taking into consideration during
the optimisation of the selected transmitters and sites.
Reconfiguration: If you want the technology layer to be taken into
consideration for reconfiguration, you can select the check box in the
Reconfiguration column.
Site Selection: If you want the technology layer to be taken into consideration
for site selection, you can select the check box in the Site Selection column. If
this check box is cleared, all sites belonging to this technology layer will be
considered as existing sites and you will not be able to deselect the m on the
Reconfiguration tab.
If a transmitter on one selected technology layer that is optimised is linked (by

the Shared Antenna field in the Atoll Transmitter table) with a transmitter on
another technology layer that is not used in the optimisation, the second
transmitter will not appear on the Reconfiguration tab but any changes to the
first transmitter will be applied to the linked transmitter as well.
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Defining Zone-related Parameters
1. Select Zones in the left pane. The Zones properties page appears in the right pane ,
you can define how the zones are used during optimisation. The zones are used to
define geographical objectives and weighting. By default, the zones are taken into
consideration in the following priority order: the custom zones in their defined order,
the focus zone, and finally the computation zone. For all zones, the area of the zone is
given (for polygons), or the length of the zone (for vectors), or the number of points
(for zones composed of points).
2. Evaluation zone: This is a polygon defining the target evaluation zone where the
objectives will be computed, i.e. where the evaluation pixels are distributed.
3. Reconfiguration zone: This is a set of cells defining the area where the optimisation
will actually be performed:
Optimize inside zone: Select Focus (default) to optimise only the sectors in the
focus zone or Computation to optimize all the sectors in the computation zone.
Smart improve: Select this mode and define a Best Server Threshold if you
want ACP to automatically select the sectors that can be optimised to improve
the evaluation zone without degrading the area outside it. ACP locks all the
sectors which can have a significant effect on the area outside the evaluation
zone, and therefore protects this outside area from sector changes inside the
evaluation zone. More precisely, a sector located inside the evaluation zone
will only be optimised if it is not a secondary server within a Best Server
Threshold from the best server, when looking at pixels outside the evaluation
zone.
4. For each new custom zone, enter a Name in the row marked with the New Row icon
( ) and click the Browse button to open the Zone Definition dialog box. You can:
Import a file (in SHP, MIF, or TAB format) defining a polygon, a line, or a list of
points by selecting From file and clicking the Browse button.
Use an existing hot spot zone in the Atoll document by selecting From hotspot
and selecting the hot spot zone from the list.
Create a custom zone composed of all areas in the reconfiguration zones that
are included in one or more clutter class by selecting From clutter classes and
selecting the check box(es) corresponding to the clutter class(es) you want to
study.
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Setting Objective Parameters
1. Create an ACP setup (or display the properties of an existing ACP setup) and select
the Objectives tab.
2. In the left pane, under Objectives, click an objective to define the coverage
parameters of that objective.
Name: Name suggested by ACP that you can modify. This name appears in the
left pane under Objectives.
Weight: You can set the importance of the objective by defining a weight.
Giving the objective a weight of "0" means that ACP will not consider coverage
of this objective in determining the success of the optimisation.
Pixel Weighting: Click the Browse button to open the Pixel Weighting dialog
box where you can:
Select the Based on traffic maps option and select a map in the frame
below, if any is available.
Select the From file option and click the Browse button to find the map
you want.
Apply Zone Weighting: Select this check box if you want to apply zone
weighting on this objective. Traffic will be globally scaled according to the
weighting defined under Parameters > Zone Weighting
Target Zone: Select the zone on which the objective is to be evaluated.
By clicking on a specific objective, under Pixel Rules, define the rule or rules that will
be used to evaluate the objective. Each row in the table contains one rule. Each rule is
an evaluation of a specific quality indicator for a single technology layer and for a
defined zone.
Each quality indicator is technology-dependent. By combining rules, you can

create an objective that evaluates quality indicators on different technology
layers within the same technology or, for projects that combine several
radio access technologies, that evaluates quality indicators from different
technologies.
3. Repeat step 2. for each objective available in the left pane.
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4. In the left pane, click Zone Weighting under Parameters to set the weight accorded
to each defined zone: the computation zone, the focus zone, and any hot spot.
With zone weighting, ACP adds an extra weight to all the pixels of a zone. Because one
pixel can belong to several zones, the weight applied to that pixel is the weight of the
zone with the highest priority. Zone priority is considered according to the order
defined in the Zone parameters table of the Optimisation tab
Setting Network Reconfiguration Parameters
The Reconfiguration tab allows you to select the cells for which the power will be
reconfigured and the transmitters, secondary antennas, remote antennas, and
repeaters for which the antenna, azimuth, height, or tilt will be reconfigured. The
Reconfiguration tab also allows you to select which sites or sectors can be added or
removed to improve existing or new networks. You can also use the Reconfiguration
tab to quickly select sites for reconfiguration. ACP enables you to simplify the work of
setting network reconfiguration parameters. You can export the reconfiguration
parameters, modify them in an external application, and reimport them on the
Reconfiguration tab.
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Cells Reconfiguration
Transmitters Reconfiguration
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Selecting Sites for Addition or Removal
You can use the Reconfiguration tab to select the sites that will be added or removed
during the improvement process of existing or new networks.
To set site selection parameters:
1. Create an ACP setup (or display the properties of an existing ACP setup) and select
the Reconfiguration > Sites tab.
2. Select the Current Site Selection check box to enable site selection. You can then
define how sites will be added or removed.
3. Select the Current Candidate Selection check box if you want ACP to use
deactivated sites in the project as candidates. Deactivated sites in the project will then
appear in the table with the status "Candidate."
4. In the table, define how each site will be treated during site selection:
a. Under Reconfiguration, define the following settings:
Select the Disable check box for any site on which you want to prevent ACP
from making changes (either to the antenna or to the cell, as defined in the
Transmitters and Cells tabs).
Select the Inter Sector Lock > Azimuth or Inter Sector Lock > Height check box
for any site on which sectors are locked for azimuth or height, knowing that:
Sectors locked for azimuth: all sectors rotate together preserving angular
separations between antennas. Sectors locked for height: the sectors keep the
same height difference when they are modified.
b. Under Site Selection, select the Use check box for each site that is to be used in the
site selection process. The status of the sites which are not in Use will not change, e.g.
existing sites are not deactivated by ACP.
c. The status for each site that is in Use is given under Status:
Existing: All sites that are active in the initial network are marked automatically
as "Existing." ACP will remove an existing site if the Site Removable check box
has been checked and if removing the site will improve network quality. If the
Sectors Removable check box has been checked, one or more sectors might be
removed if removing them will improve network quality.
Candidate: If you selected the Current Candidate Selection check box in step
3., sites with inactive transmitters appear in the list of sites and are marked
automatically as "Candidate." ACP will add a candidate site uring the
optimisation process if adding the site will improve network quality. If the
Sectors Removable check box is checked, only one or more sectors of the
candidate site might be added.
d. Select the Sectors Removable check box for each site that can have sectors
removed to improve network quality.
12
e. Select the Site Removable check box for each site that can be removed to improve
network quality. The Site Removable check box is unavailable for sites that are marked
as "Candidate".
Configuring Network Parameters Using the AFP
The Atoll AFP module enables you to automatically configure network parameters
such as the frequency channels, PRACH root sequence indexes, PCIs, and NPCIs. The
aim of the AFP is to allocate resources in a way that minimises interference according
to user-defined constraints. The AFP assigns a cost to each constraint and then uses a
cost-based algorithm to evaluate possible allocation plans and propose the allocation
plan with the lowest costs.
The AFP cost function comprises input elements such as interference matrices,
neighbour relations, and allowed ranges of resources for allocation. The quality of the
results given by the AFP depends on the accuracy of the input. Therefore, it is
important to prepare the input before running the AFP.
Configuring Cost Component Weights
You can define the weights for the AFP cost components that Atoll uses to evaluate
possible frequency, PRACH root sequence index, and physical cell ID plans.
To configure the weights for the AFP cost components:
1. Select the Network explorer.
2. Right-click the LTE Transmitters folder. The context menu appears.
3. Select AFP > Configure Weights from the context menu. The Weights dialog box
appears.
4. Click the Frequency Allocation tab. On this tab, you can set the weights for the
following cost components:
1st order neighbours: The relative weight assigned to a first order
neighbour relationship violation.
Interference matrices: The relative weight assigned to an interference
matrix-based relationship violation.
Distance: The relative weight assigned to a distance-based relationship
violation.
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5. Click the Physical Cell ID Allocation tab.
In the Relation weights frame, you can set the weights for the following cost
components:
1st order neighbours: The relative weight assigned to a first order
Second order neighbours: The relative weight assigned to a second
order neighbour relationship violation.
Neighbours of a common cell: The relative weight assigned to the
violation of an indirect neighbour relationship between neighbours of a
common cell.
violation.
In the Constraint violation weights frame, you can set the weights for the
following constraints:
Physical cell ID: The relative weight assigned to a PCI or NPCI collision
between two related cells.
PSS ID: The relative weight assigned to a PSS ID or NPSS ID collision
Strategy for co-site cells: The relative weight assigned to any allocation
strategy used for co-site cells.
PCI Mod 6 (DL RS): The relative weight assigned to a RS or NRS v-shifting
collision between two related cells.
PCI Mod 30 (UL DMRS): The relative weight assigned to an uplink
demodulation reference signal sequence group (PCI Mod 30) collision
PCFICH REG: The relative weight assigned to a physical control format
indicator channel resource element group (PCI Mod (number of PRBs / 2))
collision between two related cells.
6. Click the PRACH RSI Allocation tab. On this tab, you can set the weights for the
following cost components:
1st order neighbours: The relative weight assigned to a first order neighbour
relationship violation.
Second order neighbours: The relative weight assigned to a second order
Interference matrices: The relative weight assigned to a interference matrix-
based relationship violation.
violation.
7. Click OK.
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Using AFP to Allocate Parameters
3. Select AFP > Automatic Allocation... from the context menu. The Automatic
Resource Allocation dialog box appears.
4. From the Allocate list, select Frequencies/PCI/PRACH for automatic planning.
5. On the Relation Types tab, you can set the relations to take into account in
automatic allocation:
Existing neighbours: Select this option if you want the AFP to take neighbour
relations into account for the allocation.The AFP will try to allocate differe nt
parameters to a cell and its neighbours.
Atoll can only take neighbour relations into account if neighbours have
already been allocated.
Interference matrix: Select this option if you want the AFP to take interference
matrices into account for the allocation, and select an interference matrix from
the list.
For Atoll to take interference matrices into account, they must be available in
the Interference Matrices folder in the Network explorer.
Reuse distance: Select this option if you want the AFP to take relations based
on distance into account for the allocation.
15
6. Click Start. Atoll begins the process of allocating parameters. Any messages
generated by the AFP during automatic allocation are reported on the Events tab.
While Atoll allocates parameters, you can:
Monitor the reduction of the total cost in the Progress tab.

Compare the distribution histograms of the initial and current allocation plans
in the Distribution tab.
Pause the automatic allocation process by clicking Pause.
Resume the automatic allocation process by clicking Continue or start the
automatic allocation from the initial state by clicking Restart.
7. Click Commit. The proposed parameters plan is assigned to the cells of the network.
8. Click Close.
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Day 2:
Atoll Live
17
18
Network Planning Using Live Network Data
The Atoll Live module enables you to use live network measurement data, such as Key
Performance Indicators (KPI) and User Equipment (UE) traces, including MDT traces
(Minimisation of Drive Tests), for network planning and optimisation in Atoll.
Hence, the Atoll Live module allows combining prediction-based and measurement-
based techniques for network planning and optimisation.
KPI data is provided by network elements, domain management and network
management entities, and more generally by various OAM tools. KPI include
performance indicators that are calculated using actual network performance counte rs
and reflect the performance of the network at any given time.
UE traces, and MDT traces, consist of radio measurements with and without location
information that are collected by the user equipment in the field. These provide the
most accurate and up-to-date picture of the network’s performance.
When the Atoll Live module is enabled, it adds new functions based on KPI and UE
trace data throughout the Atoll working environment.
Enabling the Atoll Live Module

The Atoll Live module is an optional module that requires separate licences relevant to
supported technologies.
Once you have the required Atoll Live licence(s) added to your licence key, you must
also add the following lines to the atoll.ini (CTRL + Shift + I) file to enable the Atoll Live
module:
You must restart Atoll in order for changes in the atoll.ini file to take effect.
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Configuring KPI Definitions
The KPI definitions table allows the creation and modification of KPI characteristics. By
default, the KPI definition table contains a predefined list of KPIs. However, you can
also set up custom KPI definitions by specifying the parameters in the KPI Definitions
table.
To create or modify a KPI definition:
1. Select the Parameters explorer.
2. Click the Expand button to expand the KPI and UE Trace Parameters folder.
3. In the KPI and UE Trace Parameters folder, right-click KPI Definitions. The context
menu appears.
4. Select Open Table. The KPI Definitions table appears.
To create a new KPI definition:

a. In the table, enter one KPI definition per row.
To modify an existing KPI definition:

a. Right-click the table record corresponding to the KPI definition you wish to
modify. The context menu appears.
b. Select Record Properties. The Properties dialog box of the selected KPI
definition appears.
5. The KPI definition properties dialog box contains two tabs.
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Importing KPI Data
Atoll allows you to import KPIs from various sources:

ASCII text files (TXT and CSV)
Oracle databases
MS SQL Server databases
Atoll can import two types of KPIs:

Performance statistics of individual network elements (call drop rates, served
users, etc.)
Traffic flow (relationships) between network elements of the same or different
technologies (numbers of handovers, etc.)
To import KPI data from a file:
2. Right-click the KPIs folder. The context menu appears.
3. Select Import. The Open dialog box appears.
4. Select the KPI data file that you wish to import and click Open. The KPI Import
dialog box appears.
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5. Specify the following import parameters:
Server: The technology of the network element (transmitter or cell) and the
Atoll parameter used as identifier in the KPI data file.
2nd server: If the KPI data you are importing contains traffic flow KPIs, such as
handover KPIs, defining relations between two network elements, select the
technology and the Atoll parameter for the second server used as identifier in
the KPI data file.
Import from line: This specifies the first line of data to import.
1st imported line contains legends: Select this check box if the KPI data file
starts with a line containing legends (column titles).
Field separator: Select the character that is used in the file to separate fields ("
", "<tab>", ";")
Decimal symbol: Select the decimal symbol.
6. In the data sample grid, define the mapping between the KPI definitions defined in
Atoll and the columns in the KPI data file. Columns that are not assigned any KPI
definition are imported and are available for information only. If you do not wish to
import a column, you can map it to <Ignore>.
7. Click Import. The KPI data file is imported. It appears as a new KPI item under the
KPIs folder.
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Updating an Existing KPI Table
To update KPI data:
2. Click the Expand button to expand the KPIs folder.
3. In the KPIs folder, right-click the KPI data item that you wish to update. The context
menu appears.
4. Select Update. KPI data is refreshed from the source. The Timestamp of the KPI data
item is also updated.
Displaying Coverage Areas Using Multiple KPI Quality Levels
The KPI quality zones coverage prediction is a coverage prediction by transmitter that
allows logical combinations (AND, OR) of multiple KPIs in order to display the
transmitter coverage areas. For example, if an RSRP-related KPI and an RSRQ-related
KPI both indicate problems in certain areas of the network, this can be displayed on
the map using the KPI quality zone coverage prediction.
To create a KPI quality zones coverage prediction:
2. Right-click the Predictions folder. The context menu appears.
3. Select New Prediction from the context menu. The Prediction Types dialog box
appears.
4. Expand GSM, UMTS or LTE Standard Prediction and select KPI Quality Zones (DL)
and click OK. The KPI Quality Zones (DL) Properties dialog box appears.
5. Click the General tab. On the General tab, you can change the assigned Name of the
coverage prediction, the Resolution, and you can add a Comment.
Under Display Configuration, you can create a Filter to select which sites to display in
the results. You can also display the results grouped in the Network explorer by one or
more characteristics by clicking the Group By button, or you can display the results
sorted by clicking the Sort button. You can also create a Filter by KPI.
6. Click the Conditions tab. On the Conditions tab, you can define the signals that will
be considered for each pixel.
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7. Click the KPI tab. On the KPI tab, you can define the combination of KPIs to use for
filtering transmitters that will be considered for the prediction.
a. In the Available KPIs list, select the KPI that you want to use for the
prediction.
b. Click the Add button ( ). The selected KPI is added to the Filter by KPI
combination list.
c. In the Filter by Combination of KPIs list, select the Quality (good,

acceptable, bad) for each KPI.
d. If you wish to combine more than one KPI, repeat step a. through step c.
8. Click the Display tab. For a KPI quality zones coverage prediction, the Display type
can be set to:
"Unique": The entire coverage zone is displayed with a single colour.
"Discrete values" based on the Field "Transmitter": Each coverage zone is
displayed with the same colour as that defined for each transmitter.
9. Once you have created the coverage prediction, you can calculate it immediately or
you can save it and calculate it later.
Once Atoll has finished calculating the coverage prediction, the results are displayed in
the map window.
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Configuring and Connecting to UE Trace Data
UE and MDT (Minimization of Drive Test) trace data comprises radio measurements
made and logged by user equipment (UE).
UE trace measurements may or may not include location information. Geolocated
measurements provide an accurate and upto-date picture of the network’s
performance. UE/MDT trace data can be used in various planning and optimisation
functions in Atoll. Atoll provides access to UE traces connected with the Atoll
document through a UE Traces folder in the Network explorer.
Configuring UE Trace Data Mapping
To configure UE trace mapping:
1. Select the Parameters explorer.
2. Click the Expand button to expand the KPI and UE Trace Parameters folder.
3. In the KPI and UE Trace Parameters folder, right-click UE Trace Mapping. The
context menu appears.
4. Select Open Table. The UE Trace Mapping table appears.
5. You can edit a UE trace mapping by defining the following parameters:
Name: Name of the measured UE trace parameter to map with Atoll.

Direction: Uplink, downlink, all, or undefined.
Min Reported Value: Lowest reported value of the measured parameter in the
UE trace source.
Max Reported Value: Highest reported value of the measured parameter in the
UE trace source.
Min Measured Value: Lowest measured value matching the lowest reported
value of the measured parameter.
Max Measured Value: Highest measured value matching the highest reported
value of the measured parameter.
Unit: Unit of the measured parameter.
Measured Parameter: The measured parameter’s equivalent in Atoll.
6. Click the Close button to close the UE Trace Mapping table.
25
By default Atoll maps the UE Traces according to the 3GPP 25.133
recomendation
26
Establishing Live Connections to UE Trace Data
To connect to a UE trace data source:
2. Right-click the UE Traces folder. The context menu appears.
3. Select New Connection. The Open dialog box appears.
4. Select the UE trace data file to which you wish to connect and click Open. The New
Connection to UE Traces dialog box appears
5. Specify the following import parameters:

Servers: For each technology covered by the UE trace data (LTE, UMTS and
GSM), specify the Atoll parameter to use as identifier in the KPI data file: Cell
Name, Cell ID or Transmitter name.
Coordinates: The coordinate system used to store the geolocation information
in the UE trace data source. If
needed, you can click the Browse button ( ) to modify the coordinate system.
Read starting from line: This specifies the first line of data to import.
Field separator: Select the character that is used in the file to separate fields ("
", "<tab>", ";")
Decimal symbol: Select the decimal symbol.
6. In the data sample grid, define the mapping between the UE trace mapping
parameters defined in Atoll and the columns in the UE trace data file. Columns that
are not assigned any mapping are loaded when needed for information monly. If you
do not wish to load a column, you can map it to <Ignore>.
You must have at least one column containing an LTE, UMTS, or GSM server
identifier mapped to <PCI>, and two columns mapped to <X> and <Y>,
respectively.
27
Creating UE Trace Densities Maps
1. Select the Geo explorer.
2. Right-click the Weighting Maps folder. The context menu appears.
3. Select New Map from the context menu. The New Weighting Map dialog box
appears.
4. Click the General tab. On the General tab, you can define the following:
Name: Enter a name of the weighting map.
Resolution: Enter resolution of the weighting map.
Select points: Select the UE trace items whose density you wish to view on the
map.
Geolocation accuracy: Enter an average geolocation accuracy of the UE trace
points.
Weight of a point: Enter the weight of one measurement. This parameter
allows you to scale the density if needed. You can leave this parameter at 1.
5. Click the Display tab. On the Display tab, you can modify the weighting map’s
display settings.
6. Click Calculate. Atoll calculates the densities of the selected UE traces and creates a
new weighting map under the Weighting Maps folder in the Geo explorer.
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Using UE Trace Measurements in Coverage Maps
In Atoll, it is possible to create coverage maps based on predictions combined with
measurements from UE traces, compare predicted and measured values, and create
maps based purely on measurements from UE trace data.
Calculating Measurement Maps
You can create coverage maps based on the measurement data contained in UE traces.
Such coverage maps are called UE trace maps in Atoll. On each pixel of a UE trace
map, Atoll calculates and displays the average value of the measurement type selected
for display.
To create a new UE trace map:
3. Select New UE Trace Map from the context menu. The UE Trace Map Properties
dialog box appears.
4. Click the UE Traces tab. On the UE Traces tab:

a. Under Select UE traces to use, select the check boxes of all the UE trace
items that you wish to use for this UE trace map.
b. If you want Atoll to replace holes in the coverage map by calculating
probable measured values on pixels where no measurement is available, select
the Interpolate check box. When the Interpolate check box is selected, Atoll
uses an interpolation algorithm (normal inverse distance weighting function
using K nearest neighbours) to calculate measured values on pixels where no
measurement is available. The interpolation mechanism determines the
probable value on a pixel based on the values of eight closest measurement
points.
If you do not select the Interpolate check box, Atoll does not calculate
measured values on pixels without measurements. Such UE trace maps will
have coverage holes where no measured values are available.
6. Click the Display tab.
7. From the Display type list, select "Value intervals" to display the UE trace map by
any measurement available in the UE trace data source.
8. Click Calculate to save the defined UE trace map and calculate it immediately.
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Calculating Predictions Combined with Measurements
To make a coverage prediction combined with UE trace measurements:

3. Select New Prediction from the context menu. The Prediction Types dialog box
appears.
4. Select Effective Signal Analysis (DL) or Coverage by C/(I+N) (DL) and click OK. The
coverage prediction’s Properties dialog box appears.
5. Click the UE Traces tab. On the UE Traces tab:
a. Select the Take UE traces into account check box.
b. Select the Combine Mode if you wish Atoll to combine the predicted value
on each pixel with the measured value on that pixel, and on pixels where
measurements are not available, with probable values interpolated from
nearby measured values. On pixels where measurement values are not
available, Atoll uses an interpolation algorithm (normal inverse distance
weighting function using K nearest neighbours) to calculate probable measured
values. The interpolation mechanism determines the probable values on pixels
based on the values of eight closest measurement points.
Select the Replace Mode if you wish Atoll to replace the predicted value on
each pixel with the measured value on that pixel.
c. Under Select UE traces, select the check boxes of all the UE trace items that
you wish to use for this coverage prediction.
30
31
Using KPIs in the LTE AFP
The Atoll LTE AFP module enables automatically configuring network parameters such
as the frequency channels, physical cell IDs, and PRACH root sequence indexes. The
aim of the AFP is to allocate resources in a way that minimises interference, collision,
and confusion while respecting the user-definable constraints.
In addition to the existing types of constraints taken into account by the AFP, i.e.,
interference matrices, neighbour relations, and allowed ranges of resources for
allocation, the AFP can also take into account multi-server KPIs ( ). This allows the
Atoll LTE AFP to identify relations between cells through network KPIs.
Configuring the AFP Cost Component Weights for KPIs
To configure the weights for the AFP cost components:
3. Select AFP > Configure Weights from the context menu. The Weights dialog box
appears.
4. Click the Frequency Allocation tab. Under Relation weights, set the relative weight
assigned to a relationship violation based on Multi-server KPIs.
5. Click the Physical Cell ID Allocation tab. Under Relation weights, set the relative
weight assigned to a relationship violation based on Multi-server KPIs.
6. Click the PRACH RSI Allocation tab. Under Relation weights, set the relative weight
assigned to a relationship violation based on Multi-server KPIs.
7. Click OK.
32
Using Live Network Data in the ACP
Live network data such as KPIs can be used in the Atoll ACP (Automatic Cell Planning)
to determine problematic cells and critical network regions. ACP quality objectives can
then be created with target zones based on the critical network regions identified by
the KPIs. Furthermore, the ACP quality objectives can be assigned pixel weighting
based on weighting maps created using UE trace data.
Creating ACP Target Zones Using KPIs
To determine a critical network region based on KPIs:
2. Right-click the ACP - Automatic Cell Planning folder. The context menu appears.
3. Select New from the context menu. A dialog box appears in which you can define
the parameters of the new setup.
4. Click the Objectives tab.
5. In the left-hand pane, right-click KPIs. The context menu appears.
6. Select New KPI. A new custom KPI is created and the custom KPI parameters appear
on the right-hand pane.
7. Under Select KPIs to use, select the KPI that you want to use in the setup.
8. Click the Add button (->). The selected KPI is added to the KPIs to associate with
objectives list.
9. In the KPIs to associate with objectives list, select the Quality (good, acceptable,
bad) for each KPI.
10. If you wish to combine more than one KPI, repeat step 7. through step 9.
11. Click Create Setup. A new zone corresponding to the defined custom KPI is created
and appears on the Optimisation tab under Zones.
33
Creating an ACP Objective Based on Live Network Data
To create an optimisation objective dedicated to a critical network region identified
using KPIs:
2. Click the Expand button to expand the ACP - Automatic Cell Planning folder.
3. In the ACP - Automatic Cell Planning folder, right-click the ACP setup containing a
KPI-based zone. The context menu appears.
4. Select Properties. The setup properties dialog box appears.
5. Click the Objectives tab.
6. In the left-hand pane, under Objectives, right-click an existing objective of type LTE
RSRP or LTE RSRQ. The context menu appears.
7. Select Copy. A copy of the selected objective is created in the left-hand pane.
8. In the left-hand pane, under Objectives, click the objective that you just created.
The objective parameters appear on the right-hand pane.
34
9. For the selected objective, set the following parameters:
Pixel Weighting: If you wish, you can assign a weighting map created from UE
trace data to this objective.
Target Zone: Select the critical network zone created
Target Coverage (%): Set a higher target coverage than other optimisation
objectives that cover the entire optimisation area.
Pixel Rules: Define an RSRP or RSRQ Quality target with a Threshold higher
than for the objective covering the entire optimisation area.
10. Click Apply. The new objective is added to the ACP setup.
35
36
Day 3:
Aster
37
Aster
Aster is a fast, accurate, and easy to use radio propagation model and is fully
integrated with Atoll. It is provided with precalibrated parameters, can auto-calibrate,
and supports all wireless technologies.
The Aster propagation model has the following features:
Ray tracing: Aster is based on two major components:
Vertical diffraction over rooftops based on Walfisch-Ikegami model and
multiple knife-edge Deygout method.
Horizontal diffraction based on ray tracing.
Aster can use geographical data such as vectors for ray tracing, but it
can also perform ray tracing with raster data only.
Extremely fast: Aster uses a unique high-speed ray-tracing technique, based on

the raster sampling of building angles. For example, 5 seconds are enough to
calculate a 1,500 m radius cell with a 5m grid on an ordinary laptop.
Highly accurate: Aster can take all the main radio propagation effects into
account, leading to highly accurate coverage prediction results. Its accuracy
applies to antennas above rooftops (where signal levels are mainly due to
vertical diffractions) as well as antennas under rooftops (where signal levels are
mainly due to horizontal diffractions).
Ready & Easy-to-use: Aster is fully integrated in the Aster environment and
there is no need for a special database or for any type of data pre -processing.
Compatible with high resolution (less than 25 m) raster data and with all types
of clutter data. It is also compatible with vector data (ESRI Shape files SHP and
MapInfo TAB formats are currently supported).
Compliant with all wireless technologies and frequencies from 150 MHz up to 5
GHz.
Supplied with pre-calibrated parameters using more than 1.5 million
measurement points. The standard deviation from measurements is typically
less than 6.5 dB. Model configurations are intuitive and easy to access.
Auto-calibration: Aster supports measurement-based auto-calibration. The
standard deviation can drop to less than 6.5 dB in scenarios and environments
with high-resolution geo data and good-quality measurements.
38
Basic Principles of Ray Launching
The model’s horizontal component is calculated by an efficient ray -launching

algorithm. The principle is to launch multiple rays in all horizontal directions, then
trace each ray as it reflects and diffracts on obstacles.
Horizontal Ray-Traces
Vertical Ray-Traces
39
Calibrating the Aster Model
The goal of the calibration process is to reduce the mean error and standard deviation
of measured values versus calculated values. The calibration process tries to find for
each parameter the best value that gives the best standard deviation and the best
mean error. The acceptable data ranges and step for each parameter have to be
defined.
1. In the Parameters explorer, right-click the Aster instance that you want to calibrate
and select Calibration from the context menu. The Aster Copy Calibration wizard
appears.
2. Select the Parameters tab.
3. Under CW measurement path(s) to be used, select the check boxes of the

measurement paths that you want to consider:
Click Select All to select all measurement paths or Unselect All to unselect
them all.
Select contiguous rows by clicking the first row, pressing SHIFT and clicking the
last row.
Select non-contiguous rows by pressing CTRL and clicking each row separately.
4. Under Calibration method:

Optimize spread of means: select this check box if you want to optimise the
dispersion of mean errors across all measurement paths.
Spread of means weighting: It is possible to define a more complex cost
function via the Aster.ini configuration file, by specifying the following
parameters:
Spread of means weighting
Spread of means target
Standard deviation weighting
Standard deviation target
Resolution (m): Enter a resolution or select Auto and let Aster decide according
to the geo data resolution.
Indoor points: Select one of the following options:
"Use" to consider indoor points in the calibration process
"Reposition outdoor" to reposition indoor points to outdoor
"Ignore"
Reset to defaults: click this button to reset the parameters in this dialog box to
their default values.
5. Click Start calibration. A progress bar appears and, when calibration is finished,
the results appear on the Result tab.
40
Multi-storey Prediction
1. Click the Multi-storey Prediction icon in the Add-in toolbar. The Multi-storey
Prediction dialogue appears.
2. Under Existing prediction to calculate at different heights, select the coverage

prediction that you want to calculate at multiple receiver heights. The list contains the
coverage predictions available in the Predictions folder in the Network tab of the
explorer window.
3. If necessary, enter a Name other than the name of the selected coverage prediction.
The coverage predictions at multiple receiver heights will be created using this name
suffixed with the receiver height of each prediction.
4. If necessary, enter a Resolution other than the resolution of the selected coverage
prediction. The coverage predictions at multiple receiver heights will be calculated
using this resolution.
5. Under Receiver heights, enter the Number of storeys and the receiver heights for
the first and next storeys. The number of coverage predictions calculated by the add-in
should correspond to the number of storeys. The add-in can extrapolate receiver
heights corresponding to the next storeys from the values you enter for the first two
storeys. If you wish to activate this extrapolation, select the Automatically adjust
receiver heights for the next storeys check box.
41
6. Under Root directory for temporary path loss matrices, enter the path to the
directory where the temporary path loss matrices will be stored. Temporary path loss
matrices are calculated for different receiver heights in orde r to calculate the
corresponding coverage predictions.
7. Click Calculate.
In order to restrict the calculation to the buildings boundaries you must select
the “Calculations Indoor Only” in Aster
42
bwtech
| Rua Antônio de Albuquerque, 194,
Belo Horizonte, Brasil |
www.bwtech.com
43

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Capacitación Atoll

Día 1: Automatic Cell Planning & Automatic Frequency Planning

Día 2: Atoll Live

Requisitos: -Conocimiento básico de KPIs y UE Trace Data (Datos Geolocalizados)

Día 3: Aster: Utilización y Tunning del modelo

Requisitos: -Conocimiento básico de modelos de propagación

Defining Technology Layer-related Parameters

2. Click the Optimisation tab.

If a transmitter on one selected technology layer that is optimised is linked (by

Each quality indicator is technology-dependent. By combining rules, you can

3. Repeat step 2. for each objective available in the left pane.

Setting Network Reconfiguration Parameters

a. Under Reconfiguration, define the following settings:

Configuring Network Parameters Using the AFP

Configuring Cost Component Weights

1. Select the Network explorer.

2. Right-click the LTE Transmitters folder. The context menu appears.

1. Select the Network explorer.

2. Right-click the LTE Transmitters folder. The context menu appears.

4. From the Allocate list, select Frequencies/PCI/PRACH for automatic planning.

Monitor the reduction of the total cost in the Progress tab.

Enabling the Atoll Live Module

To create or modify a KPI definition:

1. Select the Parameters explorer.

4. Select Open Table. The KPI Definitions table appears.

To create a new KPI definition:

To modify an existing KPI definition:

5. The KPI definition properties dialog box contains two tabs.

Atoll allows you to import KPIs from various sources:

Atoll can import two types of KPIs:

To import KPI data from a file:

1. Select the Network explorer.

2. Right-click the KPIs folder. The context menu appears.

3. Select Import. The Open dialog box appears.

Decimal symbol: Select the decimal symbol.

2. Click the Expand button to expand the KPIs folder.

Displaying Coverage Areas Using Multiple KPI Quality Levels

To create a KPI quality zones coverage prediction:

1. Select the Network explorer.

2. Right-click the Predictions folder. The context menu appears.

c. In the Filter by Combination of KPIs list, select the Quality (good,

Configuring UE Trace Data Mapping

To configure UE trace mapping:

1. Select the Parameters explorer.

4. Select Open Table. The UE Trace Mapping table appears.

5. You can edit a UE trace mapping by defining the following parameters:

Name: Name of the measured UE trace parameter to map with Atoll.

6. Click the Close button to close the UE Trace Mapping table.

To connect to a UE trace data source:

1. Select the Network explorer.

2. Right-click the UE Traces folder. The context menu appears.

3. Select New Connection. The Open dialog box appears.

5. Specify the following import parameters:

2. Right-click the Weighting Maps folder. The context menu appears.

Calculating Measurement Maps

To create a new UE trace map:

1. Select the Network explorer.

2. Right-click the Predictions folder. The context menu appears.

4. Click the UE Traces tab. On the UE Traces tab:

6. Click the Display tab.

To make a coverage prediction combined with UE trace measurements:

2. Right-click the Predictions folder. The context menu appears.

5. Click the UE Traces tab. On the UE Traces tab: