Licenciatura en Matemáticas

Materia: Ecuaciones Diferenciales 1

Clave: MT-MEDI1-1901-B1-001

Docente en línea: Marco Vinicio Llanes Rueda

U2. A3. Ecuaciones de grado n.

27 de Marzo del 2019.

1)𝒙𝟐 𝒚´´ + 𝟐𝒙𝒚´ − 𝟓𝒚 = 𝟎

2)𝒚´´ + 𝟒𝒚´´ − 𝟓𝒚´ + 𝒚 = 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟏

𝟏
3)𝒚´´´ + 𝒚 = 𝒄𝒐𝒔(𝟐𝒙)

𝟏
Convierto 𝒄𝒐𝒔(𝟐𝒙) a sec⁡(2𝑥)

𝑑
(sec(2𝑥))
𝑑𝑦

sec⁡(2𝑥) es constante respecto a y, entonces:

𝑑
sec(2𝑥) = 0
𝑑𝑦

4) 𝒚´´ + 𝒚 = 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒙

𝑑 𝑑
(𝑦´ + 𝑦) = (cos(𝑥))
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑥

𝑑 𝑑
(𝑦´´) + (𝑦)
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦

𝑑
0+ (𝑦)
𝑑𝑥
𝑑
(𝑦) = 1
𝑑𝑥
𝑑
(cos(𝑥)
𝑑𝑥
𝑑
= −sin⁡(𝑥)
𝑑𝑥
𝑦´ = −sin⁡(𝑥)

𝑑𝑦
= −sin⁡(𝑥)
𝑑𝑥
5) 𝒙𝟑 𝒚´´´ − 𝟑𝒙𝟐 𝒚´´ + 𝟐𝒙𝒚´ − 𝒚 = 𝟎

𝑑 3 𝑑
(𝑥 𝑦´´´ − 3𝑥 2 𝑦´´ + 2𝑥𝑦´ − 𝑦) = (0)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑 3 𝑑 𝑑 𝑑
(𝑥 𝑦´´´ + (−3𝑥 2 𝑦´´) + (2𝑥𝑦´) + (−𝑦)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑 3 𝑑 𝑑 𝑑
(𝑥 𝑦´´´) + (−3𝑥 2 𝑦´´) + (2𝑥𝑦´) + (−𝑦)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑 𝑑 𝑑
0+ (−3𝑥 2 𝑦´´) + (2𝑥𝑦´) + (−𝑦)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑 𝑑
0+0+ (2𝑥𝑦´) + (−𝑦)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑
0+0+0+ (−𝑦)
𝑑𝑥
𝑑
0+0+0− (𝑦)
𝑑𝑥
𝑑
=− (𝑦)
𝑑𝑥
−𝑦´ = 0

−𝑦´. −1 = 0. −1

𝑦´ = 0

𝑑𝑦
=0
𝑑𝑥

6)𝒚´´ + 𝒚 = 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝟐 𝒙

𝑑 𝑑
(𝑦´´ + 𝑦) = (𝑡𝑎𝑛2 (𝑥))
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑 𝑑
(𝑦´´) + (𝑦)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑
0+ (𝑦)
𝑑𝑥
 𝑑
𝑦
𝑑𝑥
𝑔(𝑥) = tan⁡(𝑥)

𝑑 𝑑
(𝑢2 ) (tan(𝑥))
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥
𝑑
2𝑢 (tan(𝑥))
𝑑𝑥
𝑑
2tan⁡(𝑥) (tan(𝑥))
𝑑𝑥
2 tan(𝑥) 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 (𝑥)

2𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 (𝑥)tan⁡(𝑥)

𝑦´ = 2𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 (𝑥)tan⁡(𝑥)

𝑑𝑦
= 2𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 (𝑥)tan⁡(𝑥)
𝑑𝑥

7)𝒙𝟑 𝒚´´´ + 𝒙𝟐 𝒚´´ − 𝒙𝒚´ + 𝟓𝒚 = 𝟎

𝑑 3 𝑑
(𝑥 𝑦´´ − 𝑥 2 𝑦´´ − 𝑥𝑦´ + 5𝑦) = (0)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑 3 𝑑 𝑑 𝑑
(𝑥 𝑦´´) + (−𝑥 2 𝑦´´) + (−𝑥𝑦´) + (5𝑦)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑 3 𝑑 𝑑
(𝑥 𝑦´´´) = 0 + (−𝑥 2 𝑦´´) + (−𝑥𝑦´) + (5𝑦)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑 𝑑 𝑑
(−𝑥 2 𝑦´´) = 0 + 0 + (−𝑥𝑦´) + (5𝑦)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑 𝑑
(−𝑥𝑦´) = 0 + 0 + 0 + (5𝑦)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑 𝑑
(5𝑦) = 0 + 0 + 0 + 5 (𝑥)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑
=5 (𝑦)
𝑑𝑥
5𝑦´ = 0
 0
𝑦´ =
5
𝑦´ = 0

𝑑𝑦
=0
𝑑𝑥

9)𝒚´´ − 𝟓𝒚 + 𝟑𝒚 = 𝒙𝒆𝟐𝒙

𝑑 𝑑
(𝑦´´ − 5𝑦´ + 3𝑦) = (𝑥𝑒 2𝑥 )
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑 𝑑 𝑑
(𝑦´´) + (−5𝑦´) (3𝑦)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑
(𝑦´´) = 0
𝑑𝑥
𝑑
(−5𝑦´) = 0
𝑑𝑥
𝑑 𝑑
(3𝑦) = 3 (𝑦)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
3
= (𝑦)
𝑑𝑥
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡⁡𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑒 2𝑥

𝑑 2𝑥 𝑑
𝑥 (𝑒 ) + 𝑒 2𝑥 (𝑥)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑑 𝑢 𝑑 𝑑
𝑥( (𝑒 ) (2𝑥)) + 𝑒 2𝑥 (𝑥)
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑑 𝑑
𝑥(𝑒 𝑢 (2𝑥) + 𝑒 2𝑥 (𝑥)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑑 𝑑
𝑥𝑒 2𝑥 (2 (𝑥)) + 𝑒 2𝑥 (𝑥)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑑 𝑑
𝑥𝑒 2𝑥 . 2 (𝑥) + 𝑒 2𝑥 (𝑥)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑 𝑑
2. (𝑥𝑒 2𝑥 ) (𝑥) + 𝑒 2𝑥 (𝑥)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
 𝑑 𝑑
2. 𝑥𝑒 2𝑥 (𝑥) + 𝑒 2𝑥 (𝑥)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑
2𝑥𝑒 2𝑥 . 1 + 𝑒 2𝑥 (𝑥)
𝑑𝑥
𝑑
= 2𝑥𝑒 2𝑥 + 𝑒 2𝑥 (𝑥)
𝑑𝑥
= 2𝑥𝑒 2𝑥 + 𝑒 2𝑥 . 1

= 2𝑒 2𝑥 𝑥 + 𝑒 2𝑥

3𝑦´ = 2𝑒 2𝑥 𝑥 + 𝑒 2𝑥

2𝑥𝑒 2𝑥 𝑒 2𝑥
𝑦´ = +
3 3
𝑑𝑦 2𝑥𝑒 2𝑥 𝑒 2𝑥
= +
𝑑𝑥 3 3
𝟐𝒆𝒙
9)𝒚´´ − 𝒚 = 𝒆𝒙 −𝟏