UNIVERSIDAD AUTONOMA TOMAS FRIAS HIDRAULICA - 1 Y LABORATORIO

FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA CIV 229

CARRERA DE INGENIERIA CIVIL AUX.: UNIV.: LLANOS LOPEZ JAEL

Planteamiento:

Calcular la fuerza P que se requiere para mantener cerrada la compuerta de 4m de ancho que se
muestra en la figura

Datos:

b≔4 m
H≔1 m

L≔2 m
α ≔ 30 °
tonne
γH2O ≔ 1 ―――
3
m

Calcular P

Solucion:
Ic
F ≔ γH2O ⋅ hc ⋅ A ycp ≔ ――+ ycg
yc ⋅ A
L 3
hc ≔ H + ―⋅ sin (α)) = 1.5 m b⋅L
2 ――
2 12
A≔b⋅L=8 m ycp ≔ ――――――― + ycg
⎛ H L⎞
⎜⎝――― + ―⋅ b ⋅ L
F ≔ γH2O ⋅ hc ⋅ A = 12 tonne sin (α)) 2 ⎟⎠
Pero ycp-ycg= d1
3
b⋅L
――
12
d ≔ ――――――
⎛ H L⎞
⎜⎝――― + ―⎟ ⋅ b ⋅ L
sin (α)) 2 ⎠
Y d1= L/ 2+ d
3
b⋅L
――
L 12
d1 ≔ ―+ ――――――
2 ⎛ H L⎞
⎜⎝――― + ―⎟ ⋅ b ⋅ L
(
sin α)) 2 ⎠

d1 = 1.111 m

Para hallar P se realizará ΣMO = 0

F* d1 - P* L = 0
F ⋅ d1
P ≔ ――
L
P = 6.667 tonne
 UNIVERSIDAD AUTONOMA TOMAS FRIAS HIDRAULICA - 1 Y LABORATORIO
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA CIV 229
CARRERA DE INGENIERIA CIVIL AUX.: UNIV.: LLANOS LOPEZ JAEL

Planteamiento:
2. La compuerta circular de 3m de ancho que se muestra en la figura pesa 400 N y su centro de gravedad esta a
90 cm a la izquierda de la bisagra determine la fuerza P necesaria para abrir la compuerta
Datos:

b≔3 m

R≔3 m

H≔3 m
N
γH2O ≔ 9800 ――
3
m
W ≔ 400 N

dW ≔ 0.9 m

Calcular "P"

Solucion:
Ic
ycp ≔ ――+ ycg
FH ≔ γH2O ⋅ hc ⋅ A yc ⋅ A
3
⎛ R⎞ b⋅R
FH ≔ γH2O ⋅ ⎜H + ―⎟ ⋅ R ⋅ b ――
⎝ 2⎠ 12 R
ycp ≔ ――――― +H+―
⎛ R⎞ 2
FH = 396.9 kN
⎜⎝H + ― ⎟
2⎠
⋅b⋅R
⎡ π ⋅ R2 ⎤ 2
FV1 ≔ γH2O ⋅ ⎢ ――― ⋅b⎥ R 1 R
⎣ 4 ⎦ ycp ≔ ―― ―――― +H+―
12 ⎛ 2 H + R ⎞ 2
FV1 = [ 207.816 ] kN ⎜⎝―――2 ⎟
⎠
2
4 R R 1 R
d2 ≔ ―⋅ ― d1 ≔ ycp − H d1 ≔ ―― ―――― + H + ―− H
3 π 6 (2 ⋅ H + R)) 2
2
R 1 R
d2 = 1.273 m d1 ≔ ―― ―――― +―
6 (2 ⋅ H + R)) 2
FV2 ≔ γH2O ⋅ [ R ⋅ H ⋅ b ] R ⎡ R + 3 ⋅ (2 ⋅ H + R)) ⎤
d1 ≔ ― ――――――
6 ⎢⎣ (2 ⋅ H + R)) ⎥⎦
FV2 = [ 264.6 ] kN
R ⎡ 4⋅R+6⋅H ⎤ R ⎡ 2⋅R+3⋅H ⎤
R d1 ≔ ― ―――― d1 ≔ ― ――――
d3 ≔ ― 6 ⎢⎣ (2 ⋅ H + R)) ⎥⎦ 3 ⎢⎣ (2 ⋅ H + R)) ⎥⎦
2
d1 = [ 1.667 ] m
d3 = 1.5 m

Para hallar P se realizará ΣMB = 0

P ⋅ R + W ⋅ dW + FH ⋅ d1 − FV1 ⋅ d2 − FV2 ⋅ d3 ＝ 0

FV1 ⋅ d2 + FV2 ⋅ d3 − W ⋅ dW − FH ⋅ d1
P ≔ ―――――――――――
R
[
P = −120 N ]
Para hallar P se realizará ΣMB = 0
P ⋅ R + W ⋅ dW + FH ⋅ 0 − FV1 ⋅ 0 − FV2 ⋅ 0 ＝ 0

dW
P ≔ −W ⋅ ――P = −120 N
R
 UNIVERSIDAD AUTONOMA TOMAS FRIAS HIDRAULICA - 1 Y LABORATORIO
FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA CIV 229
CARRERA DE INGENIERIA CIVIL AUX.: UNIV.: LLANOS LOPEZ JAEL

Planteamiento:

3. Dada una compuerta como en la figura determinar las fuerzas en "x", en "y" y la fuerza resultante en "A"
Datos:

b≔3 m

R≔2 m

H≔2 m

kgf
γH2O ≔ 1000 ――
3
m
θ ≔ 90 °
α ≔ 45 °

Calcular "Fx", "Fy" y "AR"

Solucion:

FH ≔ γH2O ⋅ hc ⋅ A
H
FH ≔ γH2O ⋅ ―⋅ H ⋅ b
2
FH = 6000 kgf

FV ≔ γH2O ⋅ A ⋅ b
⎛ ⎛ R2 1 ⎞⎞
( ( )
FV ≔ γH2O ⋅ ⎜H ⋅ R − R ⋅ cos θ)) − ⎜θ ⋅ ――− ―⋅ R ⋅ cos (θ)) ⋅ R ⋅ sin (θ))⎟⎟ ⋅ b
⎝ ⎝ 2 2 ⎠⎠
FV = 2575.222 kgf
‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 2
FR ≔ FH + FV

FR = 6529.301 kgf

Para hallar "A" se realizará ΣMB = 0

A ⋅ (R + R ⋅ sin (α))) − FV ⋅ R ＝ 0

FV ⋅ R
A ≔ ―――――
R + R ⋅ cos (α))
A = 1508.53 kgf

Para hallar "Bx", "By" se realizará ΣFX , ΣFY

BX + FH − A ⋅ sen (α)) ＝ 0 BY − FV + A ⋅ cos (α)) ＝ 0

BX ≔ A ⋅ sin (α)) − FH BY ≔ FV − A ⋅ cos (α))

BX = −4933.308 kgf BY = 1508.53 kgf

‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 2
B≔ BX + BY

B = 5158.798 kgf